Data Transmission Channel Research Articles

Smart Data Placement Using Storage-as-a-Service Model for Big Data Pipelines.

Big data pipelines are developed to process data characterized by one or more of the three big data features, commonly known as the three Vs (volume, velocity, and variety), through a series of steps (e.g., extract, transform, and move), making the ground work for the use of advanced analytics and ML/AI techniques. Computing continuum (i.e., cloud/fog/edge) allows access to virtually infinite amount of resources, where data pipelines could be executed at scale; however, the implementation of data pipelines on the continuum is a complex task that needs to take computing resources, data transmission channels, triggers, data transfer methods, integration of message queues, etc., into account. The task becomes even more challenging when data storage is considered as part of the data pipelines. Local storage is expensive, hard to maintain, and comes with several challenges (e.g., data availability, data security, and backup). The use of cloud storage, i.e., storage-as-a-service (StaaS), instead of local storage has the potential of providing more flexibility in terms of scalability, fault tolerance, and availability. In this article, we propose a generic approach to integrate StaaS with data pipelines, i.e., computation on an on-premise server or on a specific cloud, but integration with StaaS, and develop a ranking method for available storage options based on five key parameters: cost, proximity, network performance, server-side encryption, and user weights/preferences. The evaluation carried out demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach in terms of data transfer performance, utility of the individual parameters, and feasibility of dynamic selection of a storage option based on four primary user scenarios.

Information characteristics of an orbital side-scan synthetic aperture radar

Ratios are given for estimating the amount of information in the channels of sensing and data transmission of the orbital synthetic aperture radars (SAR) based on information-theoretic and statistical methods. They are presented in terms of the indicators characterizing the amount of information received about the state of the object of observation. It is shown that the sensing channel should use significantly redundant information in relation to the final result of radar observation. On the example of the SAR of the “Venera-15” and “Venera-16” spacecrafts, the specific conditions of an orbital radar imaging are illustrated, and its informational characteristics are given for both methods of transmitting observation data. The qualitative consideration carried out in the paper makes it possible to estimate the potentially achievable reduction in the amount of information in the data transmission channel when using on-board SAR signal processing under specific radar imaging conditions.

CAPACITY ESTIMATION METHOD WITH LINEAR COMPUTATIONAL COMPLEXITY OF NARROW-BAND IONOSPHERIC DECAMETER CHANNELS WITH PSK-N-SIGNALS

The paper presents a new algorithm with linear time complexity, depending on the effective channel memory, for estimating the resolution time and capacity of a frequency-selective communication channel using a linear receiver and a multi-position phase-shift keying signal. The main limitation of the method is the possibility of its application for frequency-selective communication channel with symmetrical amplitude-frequency response relative to the central frequency of the channel, which is equal to the frequency of the received signal. From a practical point of view, this method can be used in the construction of radio engineering systems with serial data transmission in narrow-band ionospheric decameter communication channels (3-12 kHz). The key features of this method are: 1) constant number of equations equal to 1; 2) linear dependence of the number of terms in the equation on effective memory; 3) a new, more accurate procedure for estimating the effective memory of the channel, which allows you to simultaneously determine the resolution time and capacity. These features provide an increase in frequency efficiency by reducing overhead costs for setting the parameters of a serial phase radio engineering data transmission system for HF communication channels with a bandwidth of 3-12 kHz.

ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ БЕЗПРОВОДОВИХ СИСТЕМ ПЕРЕДАЧІ ДАНИХ В УМОВАХ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ЗАСОБІВ РАДІОЕЛЕКТРОННОЇ БОРОТЬБИ

The article discusses some of the technologies that ensure the autonomy of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) on the battlefield, methods of increasing the efficiency of UAV communication channels in the context of electronic warfare (EW). The author analyzes the threats to autonomous UAVs that may arise from the use of electronic warfare, and also presents the characteristics of one of the typical modern electronic warfare complexes. This article discusses the development of a test model of a wireless data transmission channel designed to develop technologies for countering electronic warfare and traininga neural network. The use of this model will allow the development of original domestic algorithms for countering enemy electronic warfare. The requirements of manufacturers to the electronic equipment of autonomous UAVs are analyzed. The possibility of using non-professional SDR radio equipment and open source software and hardware platforms for the develop-ment and verification of these countermeasures algorithms is considered. The algorithm for changing data transmission pa-rameters in the event of interference is determined. The choice of the type of neural network for use in the cognitive radio system of the UAV is substantiated. The idea of applying adaptive coding in UAV communication channels using multicompo-nent turbo codes in combination with neural networks that are simultaneously used for cognitive radio was further developed. Using information from the neural network about subsequent changes in the communication channel will reduce the adaptation time of the coding system, which will reduce the number of errors in data transmission and increase the reliability of commu-nication, especially when using dynamic spectrum access.The article is devoted to the problems of creating methods and models that use software-defined radio (SDR), cognitive radio, and multi-level parametric adaptation of turbo-code structures using artificial intelligence to improve the efficiency of wireless data transmission systems in the context of active use of electronic warfare by ensuring the reliability of information

Технологии и технические средства рекультивации залежных земель с регулированием уровня увлажненности почвы

An assessment of the technological feasibility of the tasks of involving fallow lands in agricultural circulation and increasing the fertility of agricultural land in the long-term period of economic activity is given. Insufficient information content of the use of yield maps for assessing the fertility of fields has been revealed. It is proposed to use maps of the relief of fields, which will allow establishing the dynamics of violation of the water-air regime of the soil. It is substantiated that in the process of involving fallow lands into circulation, it is required to introduce a technological operation of micro topographic analysis of the degree of soil moisture. An algorithm for switching on the field leveling operation (surface leveling of the field plane) using modern positioning systems has been developed. It was revealed that leveling the field with a laser level made it possible to reduce yield fluctuations by 20% within the cultivated area of the field and increase yield by 25‑30% (an example of sowing corn). Shortcomings of positioning accuracy with the use of laser and satellite positioning have been established. It is proposed to transfer digital information transmission modules to network clusters with the choice of the best digital data transmission channel by including an uninterrupted positioning module with digital data transmission over a 434 MHz and 864 MHz radio channel with a range of up to 600 meters to other digital information transmission modules of the vehicle positioning. A plan for the implementation of the concept of forming a digital field on the basis of a field experimental station of the RSAU-MAA named after C.A. Timiryazev, with the aim of creating a frontier for the sustainable development of closed life cycle technologies through the introduction of innovations using the multiplicative interaction of mechatronic systems and telematics for agro-industrial complex equipment

КОМПЛЕКСНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ КОДУ ХЕММІНГА В СУПЕРПОЗИЦІЇ ТЕОРІЙ КОДУВАННЯ, ЗАВАДОСТІЙКОСТІ ТА ІНФОРМАЦІЇ

In the modern era, the task of transferring and preserving information is extremely important. Errors can often occur when data is transmitted over channels with interference or when it is stored on an unreliable medium. Scientific studies of the properties of electrical signals, which are information carriers in electronic communication systems, traditionally have three directions: the theory of immunity, the theory of information, and the theory of probability. Each of these theories has its own historical lineage, outstanding achievements and untapped potential. But the peculiarity of these studies is that more often they are implemented independently of each other, using their own set of initial parameters, criteria and performance indicators, quantitative characteristics. The article examines the properties of Hamming codes, which have been actively used in practice for more than 70 years, in the context of determining their most effective area of use in various fields. The specific interest in Hamming codes is also caused by the fact that they have a unique property: they are - according to the classical definition - perfect codes. The difficulty lies in the fact that the concept of "the most effective area of use" in each of the mentioned theories is special, therefore, a comprehensive analysis of the properties of the Hamming code in the superposition of the theories of coding, immunity and information is a relevant and interesting research task. From the standpoint of coding theory, Hamming codes have the same correcting ability - they correct only one error in a block. After all, as the length of the block n increases, the redundancy decreases. At the same time, the degree of closeness of the Hamming codes to the Plotkin limit increases. Therefore, preference according to these criteria should be given to Hamming codes with the largest block length n. From the standpoint of the theory of immunity, the best is the code that provides the best correction indicators at the smallest value of the data transmission channel parameter h2 (signal/noise ratio) under the conditions of ensuring the required reliability. Compared to the case of no coding, the shortest code – the Hamming code (7,4) – gives the greatest gain. From the point of view of information theory, the transmission of signals using Hamming codes requires speed correction (acceleration) in the communication channel in order to prevent the loss of source symbols due to the redundancy of the correction code. At the same time, the advantage of the Hamming code (7,4) over other, longer codes remains. According to the integral indicator - the energy costs to achieve the required reliability without losing the speed of information transmission from the source - preference should be given to the Hamming code with parameters (7, 4) with a gain in the signal-to-noise ratio Δh2 = 2.72 dB compared to the case without coding.

Recultivation of fallow lands with soil moisture regulation

The technologies for implementing the tasks of involving fallow lands in agricultural turnover and increasing the fertility of agricultural lands in the long-term period of economic activity are highlighted. Insufficient informativeness of the use of yield maps to assess the fertility of fields has been revealed. It is proposed to use field relief maps to establish the dynamics of violation of the water-air regime of the soil. It is proved that in the process of involving fallow lands into circulation, it is necessary to introduce a technological operation of microtopographic analysis of the degree of soil moisture. An algorithm for enabling the operation of levelling of field surface (removal of relief) using modern positioning systems has been developed. It was revealed that the levelling of the field with a laser level allowed to reduce yield fluctuations by 20% within the crop acres of the field and increase yield by 25-30%. Disadvantages of positioning accuracy with the use of laser and satellite positioning have been established. It is proposed to transfer digital information transmission modules to network clusters with the choice of the best digital data transmission channel by including an uninterrupted positioning module with digital data transmission over a 434 MHz and 864 MHz radio channel with a range of up to 600 meters to other modules for providing digital positioning information to the machine. The plan of implementation of the concept of digital field formation on the basis of the field experimental station of the Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy is presented, with the aim of creating a frontier for the sustainable development of closed-life cycle technologies through the introduction of innovations using multiplicative interaction of mechatronic systems and telematics for agricultural technology.

Systematic Analysis on the Effectiveness of Covert Channel Data Transmission

A covert channel is a communication channel that allows parties to communicate and transfer data indirectly. Covert channel types are storage, timing, and behavior channels. Covert channels can be used for malicious and benign applications. A covert channel is a mechanism for violating the communication security policy that was not anticipated by the system creator. Recently, covert channels are used to transfer text, video, and audio information between entities. This article, discusses studies related to the development of covert channels as well as the research works that focus on improving the performance/throughput of covert channels. Also, it analyzes the previous studies in terms of publication type, year of publication, article title, article purpose, transferring file format used in covert channel, coding technique, throughput performance, time needed to transfer files, and article limitations.

On some methods for solving the problem of power distribution of data transmission channels taking into account fuzzy constraints on consumption volumes

The article deals with the mathematical formulation of the problem of optimal distribution of the power of data transmission channels in information and computer networks with a three-level architecture and fuzzy restrictions on consumption volumes. An efficient algorithm has been developed for solving the problem, the peculiarity of which is the inability to meet the end user’s needs at the expense of the resources of different suppliers. A standard solution method based on a fuzzy optimization problem of mathematical programming is considered. A constructive variant of finding a solution based on the backtracking method is proposed. Computational experiments have been carried out. The developed approach was used to determine the optimal configuration of a three-level information and computer network with a given number of communication servers.

DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL OF INTERFERENCE-RESISTANT DATA TRANSMISSION FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY OF CONTROL OPTIMIZATION OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS

For data transmission channels used in local control systems for various processes, simple and inexpensive methods are needed that will allow the necessary information to be transmitted without errors. Errors that occur in continuous communication channels are one of the main obstacles to the reliable transmission of information. As a result of the analysis of error statistics in discrete channels, it was concluded that single and double errors occur most often. The purpose of this article is to develop a model of interference-resistant data transmission for information technology optimization of control of dynamic systems. The analyzed causes of errors are signal attenuation, noise and various interferences. The resulting transmitted signal is determined by the combination of the useful signal and the interference signal. When considering discrete signals, several causes of errors are highlighted – edge distortions, pulse splitting, and others. Considered methods of combating obstacles: means of operational and preventive nature; means of increasing interference resistance during the transmission of single elements; use of feedback; adding redundancy to the code; tamper-proof coding. It is proposed to combat errors using tamper-resistant coding. Among the interference-resistant codes, redundant block separable systematic codes are selected, which are divided into cyclic codes and Hamming code. The basis of the interference-resistant coding model is the use of a systematic code - a cyclic code or a Hamming code followed by cascade coding. Since the coding model must be adaptively used in different systems, a necessary criterion of the model is its universality. The model should work in different systems without changing the encoding and decoding algorithms. Among the many types of interference-resistant codes, cascade codes are chosen for use. Widespread cascade codes are universal, easily scalable, work stably, have proven themselves well in world practice, therefore they are recommended for use in various information management systems. The implementation of the interference-resistant data transmission model is presented.

Математическая модель канала управления стандарта радиосвязи GSM-R

Purpose: To develop a model for the evaluation and analysis of control logical channels (CC) performance quality of GSM-R radiocommunication standard. Methods: Performance process of shared control channel is presented in the form of a stochastic network with further obtaining equivalent function, average time and the function of distributing the time of information transfer in data transmission channel. Results: Mathematical model of shared CC performance process has been developed, corresponding to the algorithm of establishing connection of a mobile user with a network base station. The modeling results allow to conclude on the model adequacy and to assess the degree of various kind interference impact in a given area, including those created by violator’s jammers. The feasibility of reducing analysis time of the parameters of signals, transmitted from a mobile to base station, as well as the need to increase the noise immunity of signals for the control of entry into communication, received signal level and quality are shown. Practical significance: This model can be used to evaluate and analyze performance efficiency of control channels of GSM-R standard mobile radiocommunication real systems.

Hybrid Machine-Learning-Based Spectrum Sensing and Allocation With Adaptive Congestion-Aware Modeling in CR-Assisted IoV Networks

Unlicensed cognitive-radio (CR)-assisted Internet of Vehicles (IoV) users can access licensed providers’ radio spectrum and concurrently utilize the dedicated channel for data transmission in vehicular communication. Optimizing channel access in cognitive IoV networks can help maximize available spectrum resources. This article proposes a novel sensing and communication integrated framework, dubbed as the CR-assisted IoV network (CRAV-Net), using a cluster-based hybrid optimization approach with adaptive congestion-aware modeling for dynamic high-mobility vehicular networks in an urban city context. In CRAV-Net, intelligent hybrid learning spectrum agents are introduced, which perform spectrum sensing (SS) using a deep learning (DL) model. It dynamically learns the multilevel spatial and temporal graphical features from input spectrograms through layer-by-layer propagation. It efficiently predicts the spectrum occupancy in the primary spectrum, without a priori knowledge of the radio environment. Then, to assign the vacant channels to the secondary vehicles, a support vector machine classifier is trained based on several learning features, including the vehicle stay time, vehicle density, and network capacity, to select the optimal resource route. The proposed framework achieves an overall accuracy of 99.74% in SS using the custom data set, outperforming state of the art by 12.60% at −25-dB signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, it brings a performance gain of 0.81% in SS accuracy when evaluated on real-world signals. Furthermore, in optimal network node allocation, the proposed framework achieves a mean accuracy of 98.45%, outperforming the existing methods by 0.63% and 18.32% in terms of accuracy and allocation time, respectively.

Building a sequential turbo code with additional encoding of information bits

Turbo codes have the best correction ability in a data transmission channel with a high bit error rate, and are used in a variety of data transmission systems. This publication describes the possibility of improving the corrective ability of the sequential turbo code by additional encoding of information bits. A method for introducing the reliability coefficients of the decoded bits of the received code word of the turbo code is considered. A practical example shows the effectiveness of the proposed methods. The tasks of further research in this area are described.

Use of augmented reality for remote control of mobile robots in the presence of time delays in data transmission channels

The paper is devoted to the teleoperation of ground mobile robots in extreme conditions. The presence of time delays in information transmission channels has a significant impact on the efficiency of control. The total delay values can range from hundreds of milliseconds to units of seconds. Sufficiently large values are the reasons for the loss of stability of control systems. To reduce the negative impact of delays, it is proposed to use a method of supporting the operator, which consists in superimposing information about the robot's position on the image received from the video camera and displayed on the control panel at the moment when it receives the generated commands. The position calculation uses the fact that telemetry and command transmission delays are generally much less than video transmission delays. The proposed method is simple, requires a minimum amount of computing resources and can be implemented as a part of low-cost robotic systems. The presented simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.

A Reliable Covert Channel for Stealthy Data Transmission for Internet-of-Underwater-Things

The Internet-of-Underwater-Things (IoUTs) assembles underwater devices to be connected to each other in a wide range of applications, and it has become an important security issue to guarantee data privacy during IoUTs data transmission. To mitigate the data transmission security under the IoUTs environment, in this article, a payload-dependent parallel-distributed covert storage channel scheme for IoUTs is introduced, which is realized by selecting the normal data flow as the carrier and discretizing the data transmission to ensure that the data will not be simply extracted and restored. At the same time, the scheme introduces bidirectional redundant encoding to ensure the data integrity and prevent the adversary from tampering with the data. The payload-dependent parallel-distributed storage covert channel introduced in this article realizes secure data transmission of IoUTs, which is based on ensuring the robustness and achieves a transmission rate of effective coding rate for different carriers. The scheme's performance is discussed in the aspects of undetectability, robustness and throughput, and it is proven that the scheme is of practical application.

METHODOLOGY OF INCREASING THE RELIABILITY OF VIDEO INFORMATION IN INFOCOMMUNICATION NETWORKS AEROSEGMENT

Context. The problem of localization of the effect of errors in data transmission channels when using compression and noiseimmune coding methods in the conditions of compliance with the speed of data delivery in infocommunication systems of the aerosegment. The object of the study is coding methods for increasing the reliability of video information resources in infocommunication networks using airmobile platforms.
 Objective. The goal of the work is to methodology development of increasing the reliability of video information in the infocommunication networks of the aerosegment.
 Method. The use of noise-immune coding methods to ensure the required level of reliability of video information transmitted in infocommunication systems of the aerosegment has a number of significant disadvantages: it leads to a significant increase in the bit volume of compactly presented video data; the time delay for the delivery of video information is growing, which is critical in the conditions of using airmobile platforms. An increase in time delays in the process of delivering video information leads to the fact that the video information will not be transmitted in full and, as a consequence, in the conditions of aeromonitoring, to the loss of data reliability; time for processing video data increases. The advantage of using compression coding technologies to solve the problem of increasing the reliability of video information transmitted in infocommunication systems of the aerosegment is to reduce the bit volume of the video information resource. However, the existing video processing technologies are based on the use of statistical coding methods and the identification of a series of identical sequences of repeating elements. But the use of such technologies does not provide the required level of error localization. Restructuring method was developed based on identifying patterns in the internal binary structure of message elements by a quantitative attribute. The sign of the number of series of units in the binary structure of message elements is used as a tool for restructuring. Distinctive features of the method are that the restructuring of the information space is carried out without loss of integrity on the basis of structural features by the number of binary series.
 Results. The analysis of existing directions for solving the problem of increasing the level of reliability of video information transmitted in the infocommunication systems of the aerosegment was carried out. A method of internal data restructuring has been developed, which allows obtaining the following results: conditions are provided for additional reduction of structural redundancy of code representation of information due to significant reduction of information space capacity as a result of using internal data restructuring on the basis of the number of series of units; conditions are created for localization of errors in the process of reconstruction of video information resources; conditions are created to reduce the time for data processing, due to the fact that the developed method of data restructuring does not require transformations over the elements of the message.
 Conclusions. It is necessary to improve the existing compression coding technologies in the direction of identifying patterns, taking into account which will allow localizing the destructive effect of errors arising in the communication channel.

Self-Derived Wavelet Compression and Self Matching Reconstruction Algorithm for Environmental Data in Complex Space of Coal Mine Roadway

A crucial assurance for coal mine safety production, prevention and control, and rescue, which is the fundamental tenet of implementing intelligent coal mining, is the safety, stability, and quick transmission of coal mine roadways. However, because of the complex structure of the roadway environment, such as limited and variable space and numerous pieces of equipment, the wireless communication network is affected by the environment, the data transmission channel characteristics are complex and variable, and the existing data transmission methods are weak in adapting to the changing channel. These factors result in poor stability of the transmission of coal mine roadway environment detection data in the wireless communicative network. As a result, this article investigates the wireless communication systems’ real-time transmission in the intricate environmental setting of a coal mine. Based on the application of multiscale wavelet theory in data compression and reconstruction, an adaptive multiscale wavelet compression model based on the wireless data transmission channel is proposed, with an improved Huffman data compression coding algorithm derived from the multiscale wavelet, so that the environmental data meet the wireless communication channel transmission capability. The proposed algorithm boosts the compression ratio and adaptability of environmental data. A self-matching wavelet reconstruction algorithm is developed to achieve real-time and accurate data reconstruction following self-driven wavelet decomposition. The compression and reconstruction experiment performed during real-time wireless transmission of gas concentration data reveals that the original signal’s compression ratio reaches 74% with minor error and high fidelity. The algorithm provides the theoretical foundation for compression and reconstruction in complex coal mine environments for accurate, stable, and real-time data transmission. It is critical for ensuring reliable data transmission in safe production, prevention and control, rescue, and other operations, and it provides theoretical and technical support for intelligent coal mining.

Joint Design of Channel Training and Data Transmission for MISO-URLLC Systems

For the ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), the existing joint design algorithms of channel training and data transmission are not applicable due to the stringent reliability requirement and limited blocklength. To address this issue, we develop a low-complexity joint design framework for MISO communication based on the finite blocklength code (FBC). Specifically, an approximate bound of the packet error probability (PEP) is first derived and validated by practical modulation and coding schemes. It reveals the inherent tension between reliability, latency, and information bit number. Then, we formulate the joint design into a nonconvex optimization problem with the objective to maximize the information bit number. By exploiting the monotonicity of the PEP approximate bound, we provide closed-form solutions of power and blocklength allocation. Thereby, we develop a low-complexity algorithm to support the URLLC services aiming at the information bit number maximization. Furthermore, we investigate the joint designs to optimize the reliability, latency, and total energy, respectively, to fully meet the diverse demands of URLLC services. Finally, numerical results are provided to validate the proposed joint designs. The results show the outage capacity-based design severely underestimates the required wireless resources.

Experimental study of a matrix method of equal-weight columns correcting ability to protect data from erasure

The paper investigates the ability of the equal-weight columns method to resist grouping erasures. The Gilbert model for error generation flow is adapted for the case of erasures. A simulation model of the erasure-correction channel is constructed with the possibility of choosing the type of erasure and the method of protection against erasure. With the help of this model, an experimental study of the equal-weight column method and its modifications is conducted and a detailed analysis of the results with conclusions for developers of networks and data transmission channels is carried out. An estimate of the decoding probability is constructed. A method of dealing with clustering erasures by using additional redundancy is proposed.

Distributed Estimation Approach for Tracking a Mobile Target via Formation of UAVs

This paper considers distributed estimation methods to enable the formation of Unmanned-Aerial-Vehicles (UAVs) that track a moving target. The UAVs (or agents) are equipped with communication devices to receive a beacon signal from the target and share information with neighboring UAVs. The shared information includes the time-of-arrival (TOA) of the beacon signal from the target and estimates on the target’s location. Every UAV processes the received information from the neighbors using a single-time-scale distributed estimation protocol. This differs from multi-time-scale protocols that require (i) many consensus iterations on a-priori estimates, (ii) fast communication among agents (in general, much faster than the sampling rate of the target dynamics), and thus, more-costly communication equipment and processing units. Further, our approach outperforms most single-time-scale methods in terms of observability assumption as these methods assume that the target is observable via the measurement data received from neighboring UAVs (referred to as local-observability). This requires more communications among the sensors. In contrast, our approach is only based on global-observability assumption, and thus, requires less networking (only strong-connectivity) and communication traffic along with less computational load by data-processing once at the same time-scale of sampling target dynamics. We consider modified time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) measurements with a constant output matrix for the linearized model. UAVs make a pre-specified formation, and by estimating the target’s location via these measurements, move along with the target. Note to Practitioners—Inspired by recent development in industrial UAVs along with emerging progress in low-cost processing units, fog computing systems, and wireless communications, this paper considers mobile tracking of a moving target via a group of wireless-connected autonomous drones. In the classical tracking methods, which are prone to single-point-of-failure, all the sensors need to send their information to a ground central station over a long-range and costly data-transmission channel. In contrast, by collaborative tracking the processing and decision-making are distributed among a swarm of drones equipped with onboard miniaturized electronic parts such as sensors, microcontrollers, microprocessors, and communication units. This article provides an efficient algorithm to enable such drones to autonomously track the moving target in real-time. Note that the cost and tracking ability of the UAV swarm are directly determined by the computational efficiency and communication burden of the estimation algorithm. In this regard, most available estimation algorithms are over budget and even infeasible due to the need for fast data-transmission channels, fast CPUs, and high network traffic. Our proposed estimation technique outperforms similar algorithms in terms of required communication bandwidth, data-transmission rate, and computational resources, which considerably reduces the hardware cost and improves tracking efficiency in real-time large-scale applications. We show the feasibility and efficiency of our distributed tracking method by simulation.