Data Security Techniques Research Articles

DWT Based QR Steganography

Data security pays more attention in most of the communication fields. Image steganography is one of the leading data security techniques that provides confidentiality with high embedding capacity and high steganography image quality. This work proposes Discrete Haar Wavelet Transform (DWT-H) and bitwise operations-based embedding technique to embed secret QR-code message in the cover image and extraction of QR-code secret message is also carried out by the same methodology. The efficiency of the proposed method is estimated by Mean Square Error (MSE) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR). This technique provides less MSE and PSNR in the range of 31dB to 44dB and extracts QR code image up to version 40. The results of the proposed method provide the practical feasibility for QR-coded-based security applications with less time and high accuracy.

A Study on Algorithms Towards Data Security Issues in Cloud Computing Environment

This paper involves identification of issues in existing data security algorithms so that a hybrid algorithm can be developed, which will be useful in quantum computing. It has been seen that, data security breaches are increasing, making cloud computing a vulnerable system for online data storage and processing. This paper involves discussion on researches conducted on the aspects of cloud and quantum computing and issues in existing data security techniques. Moreover, it has also been seen that the best cloud-based security framework AES is not going to work effectively with upcoming quantum computing scenario. Hence, it is necessary to keep on reiterating on ideas for enhancing data security features using hybrid algorithm.

A Survey on Healthcare Data: A Security Perspective

With the remarkable development of internet technologies, the popularity of smart healthcare has regularly come to the fore. Smart healthcare uses advanced technologies to transform the traditional medical system in an all-round way, making healthcare more efficient, more convenient, and more personalized. Unfortunately, medical data security is a serious issue in the smart healthcare systems. It becomes a fundamental challenge that requires the development of efficient innovative strategies towards fulfilling the healthcare needs and supporting secure healthcare transfer and delivery. This article provides a comprehensive survey on state-of-the-art techniques for health data security and their new trends for solving challenges in real-world applications. We survey the various notable cryptography, biometrics, watermarking, and blockchain-based security techniques for healthcare applications. A comparative analysis is also performed to identify the contribution of reviewed techniques in terms of their objective, methodology, type of medical data, important features, and limitations. At the end, we discuss the open issues and research directions to explore the promising areas for future research.

Cloud Dynamic Scheduling for Multimedia Data Encryption Using Tabu Search Algorithm

The cloud computing is interlinked with recent and out-dated technology. The cloud data storage industry is earning billion and millions of money through this technology. The cloud remote server storage is on-demand technology. The cloud users are expecting higher quality in minimal cost. The quality of service is playing a vital role in any latest technology. The cloud user always depends on thirty party service providers. This service provider is facing higher competition. The customer is choosing a service based on two parameters one is security and another one is cost. The reason behind this is all our personal data is stored on some third party server. The customer is expecting higher security level. The service provider is choosing many techniques for data security, best one is encryption mechanism. This encryption method is having many algorithms. Then again one problem is raised, that is which algorithm is best for encryption. The prediction of algorithm is one of major task. Each and every algorithm is having unique advantage. The algorithm performance is varying depends on file type. The proposed method of this article is to solve this encryption algorithm selection problem by using tabu search concept. The proposed method is to ensure best encryption method to reducing the average encode and decode time in multimedia data. The local search scheduling concept is to schedule the encryption algorithm and store that data in local memory table. The quality of service is improved by using proposed scheduling technique.

Advanced hill cipher algorithm for security image data with the involutory key matrix

The security of important and confidential data is a top priority. Therefore, it is necessary to secure appropriate data to ensure confidentiality. Secrecy of data security can be done by randomizing the data in order to make the data is difficult to understand by anyone. One of the data security techniques that can be used is Advanced Hill Cipher cryptography. The purpose of this research was to create an application or software used to secure an image’s data by applying the Advanced Hill Cipher algorithm. A classic cryptographic technique, which use a matrix as a key in the process of encrypting and decrypting data with the type of key used is the symmetric key type. The data used in this study was an image data, while the application development used the language of MATLAB Programming. The method used in this study was the Advanced Hill Cipher Cryptographic Algorithm. Basically the Advanced Hill Cipher Cryptography algorithm is much more like the Hill Cipher algorithm. However, on Advanced Hill Cipher, algorithms are developed using a key matrix that always has inverse; so that the disadvantages of the hill cipher algorithm are that the key matrix does not always have inverse resolved. In this research, the key matrix used is a 2x2 order involuntary matrix with integer elements. The output of this study is anapplication that can be used to encrypting and decryptinggrayscaleand color image data with key matrix that always have inverse.

Image hiding using upper-lower decomposition technique

Data security is one of the most important sciences nowadays. There is a huge amount of data transferred over the internet each moment and this data should be secured. Steganography is a type of data security technique that is used to hide the secret message into a cover object. Image steganography is the technique that hides an image in another image. This paper proposed a technique that depends on Lower-Upper (LU) decomposition. In the proposed technique LU decomposition is applied for both cover and secret images. The proposed method was tested using different grayscale and color images. The proposed technique achieved high results in terms of Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM), and Normalized Cross-Correlation (NCC). The PSNR for the cover image is ranging from 36 to 44 dB. The similarity between the secret image and the extracted image is 100% and the NCC is 1.

A Novel Permutation Based Encryption Using Tree Traversal Approach

Background:In 21st century one of the emerging issues is to secure the information stored and communicated in digital form. There is no assurance that the data we have sent may be hacked by any hacker and the data we have sent may reach correctly to the receiver or not. Thus, confidentiality, integrity, and authentication services play major role in Internet communication. Encryption is the process of encoding messages in such a way that only authorized parties can read and understand after successful decryption. Several data security techniques have been emerged in recent years, but still there is a need to develop new and different techniques to protect the digital information from attackers. This paper provides a new idea for data encryption and decryption using the notion of binary tree traversal to secure digital data.Objective:To develop a new data encryption and decryption method using the notion of binary tree traversal to secure data.Methods:The proposed method uses both transposition and substitution techniques for converting plaintext into ciphertext. The notion binary tree in-order traversal is adapted as transposition and Caesar cipher technique for substitution.Results:From the result, it observed that the repeating letters in the plaintext are replaced with different cipher letters. Hence, it is infeasible to predict the plaintext message easily using letter frequency analysis. From the experimental result, it is concluded that the proposed method provides different ciphertext for the same plaintext message when the number of round varies. The time taken by the proposed method for encryption is very less.Conclusion:A simple encryption method using binary tree in-order traversal and Caesar cipher is developed. Encrypting data using binary tree traversals is a different way while compared with other traditional encryption methods. The proposed method is fast, secure and can be used to encrypt short messages in real time applications.

A comparative survey on data encryption Techniques: Big data perspective

The prime aspect in data handling is the invulnerability of Data, therefore, Encryption is the most conventionally used technique for data security. for instance, Data Encryption Standard (DES), Rivest–Shamir-Adleman (RSA), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) to attain it moreover, with the exponentially growing of data over time leads to the concept of Big Data which involves not only the structured but also unstructured data such as images, audio, video, and other data formats. Encrypting such varied and immense data is a challenge in itself. In this paper, we delve into some of the major algorithms and techniques for efficient encryption and decryption of the data. Moreover, we have also done a comparative analysis of the different encryption and decryption techniques to predict the use of these techniques based on application requirements. The main objective of this work is to convey a better focus on data encryption approaches and to bring out the major issues and application areas where these encryption algorithms best suit.

An extended infrastructure security scheme for multi-cloud systems with verifiable inter-server communication protocol

Cloud service providers need to have elevated level of security than local system users, as users outsource their data to a remote system relying on its genuineness and also data has to be protected from intruders that exist globally. Multi-cloud systems are more prone to various kinds of attacks due to numerous internal communications of sensitive data. Multi-cloud infrastructure security can be enhanced by using stringent encryption algorithms or protocols with several integrity checks on each transaction, but that may drastically reduce the efficiency of the system. This research is one of a kind where we propose a multi-cloud framework comprising different techniques for data security as well as internal server communication security that can efficiently secure the privacy of data from eavesdroppers. Use of efficient cryptographic algorithms, modified Diffie-Hellman key exchange scheme and fragmentation technique assures overall efficiency of a system along with high security. The newest variant of SHA, i.e., SHA-3 outperformed other variants in terms of time efficiency and security. Results on multi-cloud setup demonstrate efficiency of proposed framework in terms of time taken for data storage, computations and retrieval while eliminating risks of attacks.

Analysis on homomorphic technique for data security in fog computing

AbstractThe fog computing model has given new trends of networking with different types of devices providing services at the end‐user point. It inherits most advanced features of cloud computing with localization rather than centralization like a cloud. It builds a platform for the Internet of things of different standards. Similar to the cloud, it is prone to privacy and security threat while sharing resources and services at the network edge. When the request for support is with more sensitive data, for example, as in business or research area, then fog devices face many potential threats resulting in leakage of data. The existing cloud environment provides data sharing service to the legal requestor in a highly secured manner using cryptographic encryption techniques. The uploaded data undergoes encryption and decryption, at the sending and receiving end only on providing the private key. Even more, security can be achieved by further computation on encrypted data. As an extension to fog computing, the data communication between fog nodes‐fog nodes and fog node‐cloud center is done with encryption/decryption for ensuring confidentiality. Homomorphic encryption is a cryptographic technique which allows performing computations on encrypted data without decryption so that the original message need not be disclosed to intermediates (servers) who are the only service provider and not a data user. Our work is motivated by the flaw of security issues in fog computing platforms, which involve heterogeneous devices.

Comparative Analysis of Some Efficient Data Security Methods among Cryptographic Techniques for Cloud Data Security

The concept of cloud computing model is to grant users access to outsource data from the cloud server without them having to worry about aspects of the hardware and software management. The owner of the data encrypts it before outsourcing to a Cloud Service Provider (CSP) server for effective deployment of sensitive data. Data confidentiality is a demanding task of cloud data protection. Thus, to solve this problem, lots of techniques are needed to defend the shared data. We focus on cryptography to secure the data while transmitting in the network. We deployed Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) used as encryption method for cloud data security, to encrypt the sensitive data which is to be transmitted from sender to receiver in the network and to decrypt so that the receiver can view the original data. Arrays of encryption systems are being deployed in the world of Information Systems by various organizations. In this paper, comparative analysis of some various encryption algorithms in cryptography have been implemented by comparing their performance in terms of stimulated time during Encryption and decryption in the network.
 Keywords: AES, Data Control, Data Privacy, Data Storage, Encryption Algorithms, Verification.

A survey on secure communication techniques for 5G wireless heterogeneous networks

With the increasing number of emerging robust networks, the challenges to design new security protocols and techniques are never ending. With the enlargement of 5G paradigm, there is a remarkable makeshift in how the distributed devices perform to achieve a common goal. The 5G technology has been significantly revolutionized by the advent of the Internet of Things, and its quick and pervasive evolution. However, it remains imperative that all these devices work in a sequential manner to execute a collective and secure operation. Despite computing being focused around cloud infrastructures in the last two decades, the 5G networks and the huge amount of data it generates is presently inverting this trend, shifting computing power back to where data is generated from. To encompass different autonomous and collaborative systems with functions of data sensing and authentication between such systems in a predictive and adaptive manner is a challenging task. Wireless network design in 5G is expected to emphasize broadly on three facets: security, privacy and energy efficiency. Therefore, this paper investigates the role of various data security and privacy techniques for different generation networks, but emphasis is on 5G. It addresses encryption schemes with the focus on the challenges faced such as side channel and ciphertext attacks, inherent key generation, sharing and distribution, key escrow, analysis of various overheads, and potential techniques, and solutions to address such challenges by leveraging 5G network devices. With the proliferation of ubiquitous computing and wide adoption of hybrid encryption techniques, various attacks will be circumvent in an intelligent manner.

Advanced Cryptographic Techniques for Cloud Data Security: A Technical Exploration into State-of-the-Art Encryption Methodologies Including Homomorphic Encryption, Quantum-Resistant Algorithms, and Hardware Security Modules for Protecting Cloud Data

Advanced Cryptographic Techniques for Cloud Data Security: A Technical Exploration into State-of-the-Art Encryption Methodologies Including Homomorphic Encryption, Quantum-Resistant Algorithms, and Hardware Security Modules for Protecting Cloud Data

Application of Blockchain Technology for iLearning Student Assessment

Blockchain is the core technology used to create cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin. As one part of the fourth industrial Revolution since the invention of steam engines, electricity, and information technology, blockchain technology has begun to be applied in areas such as finance, judiciary, and trade. Blockchain technology uses decentralized, distributed and transparency techniques for data security. This research aims to determine the implementation of blockchain technology in the field of education, especially in the Data Security section. The study uses two methods namely the mind mapping method and literature review. The results of this study showed that with the presence of blockchain technology, the data is more secure from attacks from both inside and outside because it passes through two levels of security, namely encryption and decentralized data.

Steganography Technique for Data Security

In today’s word it is very important to send the private information. Safely the rapid development of data transfer made it easier to send data faster to the destination. This paper includes the method of stenography through which we can transfer the data safely, the steps of image stenography and literature survey.

A Lightweight Genetic Based Algorithm for Data Security in Wireless Body Area Networks

The new generation of wireless body area networks (WBAN) for the internet of things (IoT) is emerging in a fast-paced. Today patients can be tested using remote clinical nanosensors. WBAN involves small interconnected sensors for the collection of ongoing medical data and transmitted through the networks for further processing. However, the protection of healthcare data is very important and difficult because of the various active and passive numbers of attacks. Although there exist several literatures on data security techniques such as digital signatures, Elliptic curve cryptography, and Advanced Encryption Standards (AES) they contain stumbling blocks for the security methodologies. Thus, in this paper, a novel data protection genetic-based encryption scheme is proposed for higher performance.

Integrating Smartphone Network Architecture and Data Security Techniques to Mitigate Sharp Practices in Non-Profit Organizations

Contemporary research is geared towards integrating multidisciplinary domains and targeted to developing robust solutions. This implies that single-discipline solutions most times do not give the desired results. This study intends to apply this concept statement in mitigating the hydra-headed challenge facing the world today called sharp-practice (corruption) which some believe that it is worse than the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The sharp practice is a major challenge in the world today and a threat to the development of any country. Sharp practices range from higher offices of the state institutions to the small offices located in remote and rural local areas. Non-profit Organizations (NPOs) are also affected by sharp practices as the office-bearers of these institutions are constantly misappropriating donors’ funds meant for these facilities for their selfish interests. State and private donors offer a large portion of their resources to NPOs to improve the standard of living of needy people in remote and rural areas. However, most NPOs sited in rural areas do not have systems that can be used to monitor and capture the management of resources. In this paper, we attempt to solve this challenge by proposing the integrating Smartphone Network Architecture (SMA) and Data Security Techniques (DST) to mitigate sharp practices in NPOs. In our approach, a smartphone-mobile app algorithm was developed using JavaScript. The app uses the Least Significant Bits (LSB) method to secretly embed a Date Stamp on a PNG image whenever an event is captured by a secret camera at the NPO’s center. The results showed that the LSB method is the most suitable technique to embed a small-scale secret data on the pixels of a PNG image file. The LSB technique does not require the original cover image for decoding the secret data hidden in the image over the network. From the study, these techniques have shown to improve accountability and alleviate corrupt practices in NPOs.

Fast hash-based high secure hiding technique for digital data security

In present time, data hiding emerges as one of the important issues in data embedding and security due to the increase of technology. To improve the quality of the video and the security of the data, this paper deals with data hiding technique using proposed SAJ encryption-decryption technique. The data is embedded in different video frames and it is embedded using a cryptographic hash function with a secret key to enhance the security of the data. We also compared different data hiding techniques to ensure the efficiency of algorithm such as codeword substitution, steganography, watermarking, LSB substitution and cryptography. Our focus is to enhance the security, reliability, and to keep the size of the data as low as possible. In this paper, we have proposed new data hiding technique, hash-based high secure hiding technique (HBHSHT) which is more reliable as estimated. It supports a well user-defined level of accessibility and security. As compared different techniques, it is found that the proposed algorithm is more efficient approximately 8%.

Security and Privacy of mHealth Applications: A Scoping Review

While digital health or mHealth applications (apps) have become accessible resources for the support of personal health, the privacy and security of users' data have been the subject of concern and controversy. As large numbers of mHealth apps are created and are increasingly widely used by people with various health conditions, it is crucial to have clear and valid methods for evaluating the data practices within them. Recent regulatory initiatives such as the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) have had the effect of raising awareness and establishing a minimal set of expectations. However, they do not in themselves address the issue of the development of systems which meet privacy and security requirements. There is a growing body of research on evaluation techniques and frameworks to support the assessment of the privacy and security of health apps, and guidelines to support their design. However, it can be challenging to navigate this space and choose appropriate techniques for a given context. Addressing this issue, this paper examines the recent literature on security and privacy of m-Health applications, using a scoping review methodology. It analyses data security and privacy evaluation techniques and frameworks that have been proposed for mHealth applications, as well as relevant research-based design recommendations. This work consolidates recent research on the topic to support researchers, app designers, end users, and healthcare professionals in designing, evaluating, recommending and adopting mHealth applications.

Classification of cognitive algorithms for managing services used in cloud computing

This paper presents a new idea of cognitive systems dedicated to cloud computing. Especially presents backgrounds, introduction and description of service management procedures and algorithms dedicated to cloud computing and infrastructure. Cognitive methods based on semantic description and interpretation procedures. Described idea will be dedicated to secure service management procedures, especially in the cloud and fog stages. The proposed algorithms of cognitive service management will be presented and described by use of semantic aspects. Semantic analysis is used to extract meaning of analysed data. Also, in management processes is possible to analyse meaning aspects. These kinds of analysis can be used in different application areas. This paper presents services management protocols in the cloud and in the fog. In both of these stages is possible realised management procedure by application of secure methods and protocols. This paper presents the sharing techniques for data security in cloud computing.