Data To Different Models Research Articles

Bird Diversity in Urban Ecosystems: The Role of the Biome and Land Use Along Urbanization Gradients

Fil: Filloy, Julieta. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Ecologia, Genetica y Evolucion de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ecologia, Genetica y Evolucion de Buenos Aires; Argentina

Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Penetrating Concrete Slabs

By using the FEM code LS-DYNA, Hanchak’s test of penetrating concrete slabs was simulated with two concrete models respectively. The two models were K&C and HJC (MAT72R3 and MAT111) which have been added the maximum principal strain as a material erosion criterion. The impact response of concrete slab and projectile has been compared with the test data for different models with the different control parameter settings, and finally, the optimal model and the parameter settings were determined.

The sensitivity of seafloor compliance measurements to sub-basalt sediments

SUMMARY We investigate the sensitivity of seafloor compliance ‐ the transfer function between the seafloor stress and displacement under ocean waves ‐ to sub-basalt sediments. Seafloor compliance is sensitive to the subsurface shear modulus as a function of depth and is particularly sensitive to low shear modulus regions such as fluid-saturated sediments. We generate synthetic seafloor compliance data for different models of sediments beneath basalts, run geophysical inversions on the data and compare the inversion results with the input models. Our input models are variations on a reference model in which sub-basalt sediments start 3.5 km beneath the seafloor and have an average shear modulus of 6.8 × 10 9 Pa (shear wave velocity ca 1.7 km s −1 ). The sensitivity of seafloor compliance to sub-basalt sediments depends mostly on the water depth and the sub-basalt sediment layer depth, thickness and shear modulus. If the water depth is 1 km or more, seafloor compliance measurements will detect a sub-basalt sediment layer 0.6 km or more thick and will constrain the depth to the top and bottom of a 2-km thick sub-basalt sediment layer to within 0.2 km. If the water depth is 0.25 km, the thinnest detectable layer will be 1.2 km and the depth uncertainty for a 2-km thick sub-basalt sediment layer will be 0.5‐0.8 km. Neither interlayered sediments within the basalts nor sediments above the basalt layer have a strong effect on the measurement sensitivity.

Selective interpretation in anxiety: Uncertainty for threatening events

The role of event uncertainty on inferences predictive of threat was investigated in high and low trait anxious individuals. Participants read context sentences predicting threat or nonthreat outcomes. They subsequently named target words that were consistent with or unrelated to prediction. In Experiment 1, with predictability relatively low, anxious participants showed clear threat bias in their inferences: Although nonthreat targets were unaffected by context, shorter naming latencies were found for threat target words that followed a threat predicting context. A low anxiety group showed an opposite effect, that is, facilitation only for nonthreat words, suggesting an avoidance (of threat) bias. In Experiment 2, under higher predictability, this bias disappeared, as both high and low anxious groups performed similarly. The relevance of these data for different models of selective processing in anxiety is discussed. Of particular pertinence is the finding that, with increasing stimulus threat, low anxious participants no longer show avoidance; instead, they infer threat in a way similar to the high anxious. This suggests that the difference between the high and the low anxious persons resides in the threshold at which stimulus threat input is processed.

Early stages of fibrinogen to fibrin conversion studied by static and dynamic light scattering.

AbstractThe early steps of fibrin aggregation induced by low Reptilase concentrations were studied by means of static and dynamic light scattering. In order to obtain information on the size and shape of the first oligomers, the angular dependence of the scattered intensity and the mean Rayleigh line width were measured. Under physiological pH and ionic strength, oligomer formation was detectable immediately after enzymatic activation. Comparison of the calculated data for different models with experimental results shows that the early fibrin polymerization proceeds as an end‐to‐end aggregation of elongated and possibly flexible molecules approximately 75 nm long.