Data Encryption Standard Research Articles

Visual Attention and Motion Estimation-Based Video Retargeting for Medical Data Security

Medical data security is an important guarantee for intelligent medical system. Medical video data can help doctors understand the patients’ condition. Medical video retargeting can greatly reduce the storage capacity of data on the premise of preserving the original content information as much as possible. The smaller volume of medical data can reduce the execution time of data encryption and threat detection algorithm and improve the performance of medical data security methods. The existing methods mainly focus on the temporal pixel relationship and foreground motion between adjacent frames, but these methods ignore the user’s attention to the video content and the impact of background movement on retargeting, resulting in serious deformation of important content and area. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes an innovative video retargeting method, which is based on visual attention and motion estimation. Firstly, the visual attention map is obtained from eye tracking data, by K-means clustering method and Euclidean distance factor equation. Secondly, the motion estimation map is generated from both the foreground and background displacements, which are calculated based on the feature points and salient object positions between adjacent frames. Then, the visual attention map, the motion estimation map, and gradient map are fused to the importance map. Finally, video retargeting is performed by mesh deformation based on the importance map. Experiment on open datasets shows that the proposed method can protect important area and has a better effect on salient object flutter suppression.

Application Research of Data Encryption Algorithm in Computer Security Management

In order to promote the research process of information security in the whole society, improve the safety factor of computer data communication, strengthen computer security management, the author proposes a computer data encryption strategy that combines the strong security of the 3DES encryption algorithm and the asymmetric encryption advantages of the RSA algorithm. Through the detailed analysis of DES encryption algorithm and 3DES encryption, creatively uses the RSA encryption algorithm to improve the single 3DES algorithm, consolidates the performance of the 3DES encryption algorithm to ensure data communication, and ensures the data integrity, better improve encryption performance. Experiments show that: The proposed encryption algorithm improves security performance by 10 times, and the response efficiency is only 1 ms away from other algorithms, compared with other algorithms, it has better encryption performance and is suitable for actual computer data communication scenarios. Conclusion: The encryption algorithm proposed by the author has achieved good results in terms of security performance and response efficiency, it is suitable for actual computer data security communication and can effectively improve computer security management.

Performance Analysis and Systematic Review of Privacy Preservation-Based Authentication Models and Cryptographic-Based Data Protocols

This paper proposes a privacy preservation-based data security and secure data protocol for distributed Data Storage and Communication (DSaC). An effective performance analysis is done between privacy preservation-based data security approach for authenticated encrypted access and secure data protocol for DSaC in cloud and the approaches are compared with the traditional schemes like Ins-PAbAC, Homomorphic Proxy Re-encryption (HPRE), LAM-CIoT, SA-EDS, Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), and Data Encryption Standard (DES). The proposed privacy preservation approach achieved a minimum time of 12614ms, maximum detection rate of 0.985, maximum privacy factor of 0.645, maximum TPR of 0.785, and maximum TNR of 0.777 for Switzerland dataset and the ACS-based secure data protocol achieved a minimum time of 5527ms, maximum detection rate of 0.953, minimum E2E delay of 85, maximum TPR of 0.817, and maximum TNR of 0.754 for Cleveland dataset.

A novel trust-based security and privacy model for Internet of Vehicles using encryption and steganography

High-speed wireless network technologies play a vital role in autonomous vehicle communication systems (AVS), i.e., IoV (Internet of Vehicles), and enhance the effectiveness and reliability of the communication network. Since the size of IoV communication is rapidly growing, it is now an essential part of our regular routines. Due to its dynamic nature and massive size, it is essential to avoid any miss-communication and protect the data privacy of each vehicle.IoVallowsAVS to link remotely to each other and to various platforms and groups that may be using the same communications system. This quality link between vehicles and the need for information exchanges among vehicles introduces vulnerability and threats that can be exploited by cybercriminals. This research emphasizes on enhancing data security in real-time IoV communication. It presents a trust-driven privacy method using encryption and steganography for IoV. This method uses an Efficient Algorithm for Secure Transmission (EAST) that integrates encryption and steganography algorithms. The proposed EAST is then compared to the various current state of arts, i.e., AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), DES (Data Encryption Standard), G-DES (Generalized DES), and Standard LSB on the basis of various performance measuring parameters, i.e., encryption and decryption time, efficiency, avalanche effect, PSNR, and file cover size. Experimental results are promising for the proposed EAST method, which reported a better time efficiency of 0.86 ms, avalanche effect of 58.81%, and PSNR of 78.58%, compared to the current state arts.

Securing data over cloud – enhanced hybrid data encryption algorithm

Cloud computing became popular due to its elasticity, unparalleled resource availability on demand and almost zero downtime. Looking into the advantages of cloud computing, industries are moving their IT infrastructure from on-premises to cloud infrastructure irrespective of their size, business area, and customer orientation. Major challenge for cloud service providers is to provide guaranteed data security without compromising the performance of data encryption/decryption, both at rest and during intransit. Many symmetric and asymmetric algorithms already exist with their own pros and cons. The robustness of the algorithm depends upon the key size and the complexity of the algorithm used in encryption and decryption process. In this paper we derived a hybrid algorithm to make the encryption process robust without degrading performance. This proposed algorithm makes the encryption and decryption process simple but harden the sub-keys generation process by taking larger dynamic key length and complex processing steps. We refer AES for robustness during sub-key generation process and refers blowfish for encryption and decryption process to make it simpler and fast. As per the experimental result, the proposed hybrid algorithm performs better than AES in terms of encryption/ decryption time and more robust than Blowfish and AES.

Secure Data Sharing Using 3DES Algorithm

Abstract: The Triple Data Encryption Algorithm, also known as Triple DES (Data Encryption Standard), 3DES, TDES, Triple DEA, or TDEA, is a symmetric key-block cypher that uses the DES cypher in triplicate by encrypting with key 1 (k1), decrypting with key 2, and encrypting with key 3 (k3) (k3). There is a two-key variation as well, where k1 and k3 are identical. The Data Encryption Standard, created by IBM in the early 1970s and adopted by NIST with minor adjustments in 1977, is the foundation of the 3DES cypher suite. The system consists of a Data Owner, Network Storage, Aggregate Key and User. The data owner uploads the file which is encrypted by making use of 3DES algorithm, once the data has been encrypted blowfish is applied to convert the whole data into data blocks which is stored in network storage or the drop box. When the authorized user provides the secret key that is the aggregate key the data is decrypted and original data is available for the user. Admin will be a superuser who will manage different things like uploaded files and registered users. Admin will be having permissions to remove users if found invalid. The secure data sharing system using 3DES algorithm is developed with the Java technologies. Encryption is done using triple standard encryption standard. Agile methodology is used to develop the system and MySQL Database is used to store the data. The system is able to efficiently store the data uploaded by the data owner after encrypting it using blowfish algorithm and 3DES technology. After the storage of the data the system will also be able to securely transfer the saved data within the trusted set of people without any other person able to access the file.

A Fussy Based Neural Genetic Algorithm for Securing Data in Cyber Security

Businesses are using cyber security technologies more and more to upgrade their operations. These businesses are prone to hazards and cyber security breaches because to the very specialized characteristics of such settings, including their sensitive exchange of cyber security data and the weak design of connected devices. Our main goal is to develop a cyber security system that can take into account all potential forms of assaults while staying within the allocated budget. To achieve this, a financial strategy based on portfolio management is utilized by enabling the selection of a portfolio of security controls that maximizes security level control while minimizing direct expenses. To solve this problem we proposed Fussy Based Neural Genetic Algorithm for authenticity, reliability and confidentiality of cyber security data and it decreases the danger of cyber security data integrity. Using a complex key, the plaintext is first transformed into a complex cipher text. The key is created using logical operators and is randomly chosen from the cyber security data. By applying principles of proposed algorithm, the cipher text acquired in the first step is rendered even more unreadable in the second phase. Feature Extraction of cyber security data is done by Principle Component Analysis (PCA).The data is encrypted by using Data Encryption Standard (DES). The data is decrypted using the proposed Fussy Based Neural Genetic Algorithm with Particle Swarm Optimization (FNGA-PSO).The suggested model's metrics are examined and compared to various traditional algorithms. This model solves the lack of difference in the authenticity of cyber security information, as well as it will give real and effective information to the organizational companies.

A Novel Inconsequential Encryption Algorithm for Big Data in Cloud Computing

In the digitalized era of the information technology the expansion of the data usage is very high accounting for about enormous data transaction in day to day life. Data from different sources like sensors, mobile phones, satellite, social media and networks, logical transaction and ventures, etc add an gigantic pile to the existing stack of data. One of the best way to handle this exponential data production is the Hadoop network. Thus in the current scenario big industries and organizations rely on the Hadoop network for the production of their essential data. Focusing on the data generation and organization, data security one of the most primary important consideration was left unnoticed making data vulnerable to cyber attacks and hacking. Hence this article proposes an effective mixed algorithm concept with the Salsa20 and AES algorithm to enhance the security of the transaction against unauthorised access and validates the quick data transaction with minimal encryption and decryption time. High throughput obtained in this hybrid framework demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed algorithmic structure over the existing systems

A Novel Algorithm to Secure Data in New Generation Health Care System from Cyber Attacks Using IoT

The rise of digital technology has essentially enhanced the overall communication and data management system, facilitating essential medical care services. Considering this aspect, the healthcare system successfully managed patient requirements through online services and facilitated patient experience. However, the lack of adequate data security and increased digital activities during Covid-19 made the healthcare system a soft target for hackers to gain unauthorized access and steal crucial and sensitive information. Countries such as the UK and the US recently received such challenges, highlighting the need for effective data maintenance. IoT emerged as one of the critical solutions for data management systems in terms of addressing data security which certainly can enhance overall data collection, storage, maintenance, prediction of potential data security breaches and taking appropriate measurements. The concerned research considers a secondary data collection process where necessary data is collected from original scholarly articles, books and journals. Apart from that, a positivism research philosophy, a deductive research approach and a descriptive research design have been considered for this study. Qualitative data analysis techniques have also been incorporated into this research. Upon viewing the pros and cons of IoT algorithms, DES, AES, triple data encryption standards, and RSA encryption can be used in the healthcare system to facilitate data protection.

Features of Using Large Keys in "Kalyna" Algorithm

The information security is playing an incre- asingly important role nowadays. Therefore, virus can be transmitted through the information in encrypted form. This is also applied to embedded systems. In this regard, the article is assigned to the topic of cryptocurrency pro- tection in embedded systems. The article is focused on the algorithm of symmetric block transformation "Kalyna". The algorithm has been developed in cooperation with the State Special Communications Service and leading Ukrainian scientists. The experience and results of interna- tional and open national competition of cryptographic algorithms have been taken into account. The algorithm is intended for gradual replacement of the interstate standard DSTU GOST 28147: 2009. Its differences from other data encryption standards used, both in Ukraine and in the world, have been ana- lyzed. The stability of the "Kalyna" algorithm has been also analyzed using a high-bit key (512 bits) and its speed has been compared with other cryptographic protection algorithms.

“A Study and Analysis on Color Coded Cryptography on Textual Data”

In today's network and internet applications, security is the most important factor. The value of data transmitted over the internet grows in lockstep with the relevance of network and Internet applications. As a result, one of the most important solutions in security related applications is offering vital protection against data threats. In data security systems, block cypher symmetric key cryptography is widely utilised. The symmetric key encryption methods DES (Data Encryption Standard), TDES (Triple Data Encryption Standard), PRESENT and KLEIN are compared in this study. The algorithms produce state-of-the-art results in their respective areas, with attacks, key size and block size compared.

“A Study and Analysis on Color Coded Cryptography on Textual Data”

In today's network and internet applications, security is the most important factor. The value of data transmitted over the internet grows in lockstep with the relevance of network and Internet applications. As a result, one of the most important solutions in security related applications is offering vital protection against data threats. In data security systems, block cypher symmetric key cryptography is widely utilised. The symmetric key encryption methods DES (Data Encryption Standard), TDES (Triple Data Encryption Standard), PRESENT and KLEIN are compared in this study. The algorithms produce state-of-the-art results in their respective areas, with attacks, key size and block size compared.

Anti-attacks encryption algorithm based on DNA computing and data encryption standard

Data Encryption Standard (DES) is the first 56-bits secret-key standard that is widely used as a symmetric-key 64-bits block encryption/decryption algorithm. Unfortunately, the rapid increase in computing power makes it possible to find the required bits combination of the secret-key in a short time. Due to the promising trends of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) in cryptography, this paper presents a DES-DNA based symmetric-key block encryption/decryption algorithm called iEncrypt. iEncrypt has two versions, each of them uses a 64-nucleotides secret-key that makes the secret-key of the proposed algorithm intractable as 128-bits secret-key. The experimental works show that the two versions of iEncrypt are intractable against brute force attacks. Moreover, the reduced version of the proposed algorithm, to 4-rounds, shows the intractability of the first version against differential cryptanalysis attacks in addition to the invisibility of attacking the second version. Plain images data are used as one of the rich characteristics data in the statistical evaluation. Statistically, the encrypted images confirm the intractability of both versions of the proposed algorithm.

An Exploratory Study on the Design and Management Model of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Safety Traceability System Based on Blockchain Technology

Aiming at the problems of long life cycle complex roles of participants, diverse risk factors, poor supervision coverage and difficult information traceability of TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) supply chain, this paper constructs a TCM quality safety traceability system based on blockchain technology by analyzing the business process and supervision characteristics of TCM supply chain. Blockchain technology is a new application mode of computer technology such as distributed data storage, peer-to-peer transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm, and other computer technologies. It has the characteristics of “decentralization, nontampering, transparent and open, and data traceability.” The function of nontampering, hash function, and time stamp can effectively solve the traceability problem of TCM supply chain. Through the analysis of the blockchain TCM traceability principle and network structure, combined with the actual business process of TCM traceability, this paper designs the blockchain TCM quality safety traceability system, analyzes its overall structure, data storage mode, digital signature, consensus algorithm, and main functions, and preliminarily constructs a new model of TCM quality safety traceability management based on blockchain technology. Using blockchain technology to realize the quality safety traceability of TCM, we can complete the omnidirectional, multiangle, and wide coverage of the data and information in whole supply chain of TCM breeding and seedling raising, planting, innovation and research and development, processing of TCM pieces, circulation of TCM, and consumption, so as to realize that the main body of responsibility of TCM can be put on record, the production records can be queried, product flow can be traced, quality safety can be forewarned, main responsibility can be identified, regulatory information can be shared, and product source can be traced.

A Survey Paper Based On Image Encryption and Decryption Technique

Abstract: Nowadays multimedia system knowledge protection is changing into important. The coding technique is employed to safeguard multimedia system knowledge. There are completely different techniques wont to defend confidential image knowledge from unauthorized access. during this paper, we've got an inclination to survey existing work that's used entirely completely different techniques for image coding and that we to boot give a general introduction relating to cryptography. Keywords: Encryption, Decryption, Data Encryption Standard (DES), Advanced Encryption Standard(AES), Blowfish, Modified Advanced Encryption Standard(MAES),Rubik’s Cube Algorithm

Novel approach for file encryption

A novel approach to file Encryption is concerned with protecting files being shared among users. The idea revolves around storing files securely so that If someday database is hacked, then data doesn’t leaked. To ensure files are protected they are split in 3:1 ration and encrypted using various algorithms like Advance Encryption System (AES) and Data Encryption Standard (DES). Audio steganography method has also been used to improve protection standard.

An Efficient AES Algorithm for Cryptography Using VLSI

In today's data exchange framework, information security is the most important consideration. Encryption is a key component of Information security and is used extensively. Encryption techniques are used by all sorts of organisations to protect sensitive data. An technique known as Data Encryption Standard (DES), which uses the same key for both encryption and decryption at the same time, was the first to be employed. That algorithm's key drawback is that it is readily hacked and vulnerable to attacks. Compared to DES and Triple DES, the calculations require enormous memory space and cannot be performed on the hardware stage. There are numerous ways in which AES, the Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm, has supplanted DES. An effective cryptographic method, AES uses multiple key lengths and surpassed DES when compared to other algorithms, such as SHA-1. It is possible to implement equipment stage circumstances inferable from the reconfigurability, cheap cost, and publicizing space with the use of field programmable entryway clusters (FPGAs). To scramble and decode complex data, the RIJNDAEL algorithmic guideline uses a square figure. It also supports cryptographic keys with lengths of 28,192 and 256 bits. The round keys, which are used throughout specific emphases of encryption, are developed in simultaneously with the Encryption strategy, which is a remarkable normal for the proposed pipelined design. Dual-stage architecture is the key to the expansion. It is possible to run at higher clock frequencies with this method, resulting in increased throughput and lower power use.

Hiding patients’ medical reports using an enhanced wavelet steganography algorithm in DICOM images

In the latest years, there is an increasing emphasis on DICOM medical images, especially in digital medical images transmission to e-health services. Besides, the confidentiality and protection of patients’ secure information need more attention and research. In this paper, we propose an enhanced medical image steganographic algorithm to hide patients’ secure information in their medical images. The proposed algorithm has a higher level of confidentiality while maintaining a higher quality of the medical image and a higher embedding capacity and robustness. The proposed algorithm has two main steps. The medical cover image is decomposed using an integer wavelet filter in the first step. Moreover, the patients’ confidential information is processed using the Arithmetic Coding (AC) and Data Encryption Standard (DES) algorithms to be compressed and encrypted before of the embedding process. In the second step, the insignificant coefficients are selected from the integer wavelet high-frequency subbands of the transformed medical image, and finally, both the target cover bits and the secret bits are grouped during the injection process. The performance of our algorithm was evaluated using different evaluation metrics. The obtained results show that our algorithm outperforms existing ones, with a higher embedding capacity, and a lower imperceptibility. The proposed algorithm can be applied in hospitals and health care canters worldwide.

Advanced Cryptographic Standards-Based Secure Data Protocol for Distributed Data Storage and Communication in the Cloud

In this research, an ACS-based secure data protocol (ACS-based secure data protocol) is introduced for distributed data storage and communication in cloud. The component is constructed using the Owner’s Machine (OM), Data Processing Section (DPS), Cloud Monitoring Server (CMS), Metadata table, Key Management Server (KMS) and Receiver’s Machine (RM). The session key is generated by exchanging the data between the client and server using the mathematical operations, such as interpolation, hashing, Walsh transform and Elliptic curve cryptography. The Triple Data Encryption Algorithm (3DES) is used for performing the activities, like assigning index, uploading and slicing file and encrypting the sliced files. The fuzzy cluster-based mechanism and the angular distance are performed for indexing and retrieval. The metrics, such as E2E delay, time and detection rate are used for evaluating the developed ACS based secure data protocol in the presence of inside attack, password spoofing attack and Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack.

Comparative Analysis and Performance Evaluation of Cryptographic Algorithms

Encryption, which is based on the science of cryptography, is required to protect data and information in computer networks. As computing overhead rises, available encryption techniques are put to the test. It is necessary to assess the encryption algorithms’ performance in order to establish their applicability for various security scenarios and applications. The findings of available research on comparison studies and performance evaluation of encryption algorithms are inconsistent, therefore the authors could not draw any conclusions about the encryption algorithms’ performance based on different metrics. Three of the most widely debated encryption algorithms, Rivest, Shamir, Adelman (RSA), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), and Data Encryption Standard (DES) were implemented and simulated in the Java programming environment in this study. Some selected text data files were used to drive the simulation. Metrics such as encryption time, decryption time, memory utilization and data size were used to measure the performances of the selected algorithms. When the three selected algorithms were run on 50 bytes data size, AES had encryption time of 40ms, decryption time 37ms, and memory utilization of 12MB. DES had encryption time 38ms, decryption time of 35ms and memory utilization of 08MB. RSA had encryption time 36ms, decryption time of 34ms and memory utilization of 10MB. When the three selected algorithms were run on 500 bytes data size, AES had encryption time of 65ms, decryption time 61ms, and memory utilization of 25MB. DES had an encryption time of 60ms, decryption time of 58ms and memory utilization of 17MB. RSA had an encryption time of 69ms, decryption time of 65ms and memory utilization of 21MB. In conclusion, DES performed better than other algorithms in both small and large data sizes for all metrics considered.