Data Encryption Standard Research Articles

Network-Based Text Message Security System Using the Data Encryption Standard (DES) Algorithm

UPT. Puskom as practicum manager has the responsibility to provide facilities including applications needed for each course. In this research, the development of a network-based text security system was carried out by implementing one of the cryptographic algorithms that had been packaged into an application so that students could find out the encryption and decryption processes of the Cryptographic algorithm, namely the Data Encryption Standard (DES) Algorithm. A network-based text message security system using the Data Encryption Standard (DES) Algorithm was built using the Visual Basic .Net Programming Language and SQL Server database. The security system built can help keep messages sent secret from the sender to the recipient of the message through the DES algorithm. The encryption process can be carried out by the user who will send a text message to the intended user, who can open the encryption form and select the intended user, the encrypted message will be stored in the database. Meanwhile, decryption can be done by users who receive text messages by opening the decryption form and displaying the messages sent by the message sender. Based on the tests that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the application is capable of encrypting and decrypting text messages using the DES algorithm.

Study of Encrypted Transmission of Private Data During Network Communication: Performance Comparison of Advanced Encryption Standard and Data Encryption Standard Algorithms

The involvement of the Internet in the production of daily life has increased the demand for the security of private data on the Internet. This paper briefly introduced the principles of advanced encryption standard (AES) and data encryption standard (DES) algorithms and then conducted simulation experiments on the two encryption algorithms in a laboratory server. The results showed that both algorithms had excellent sensitivity to plaintext keys, and the sensitivity of the AES algorithm was higher; the encryption and decryption time of both algorithms increased as the file got larger, and the encryption and decryption time of the same algorithm was not much different; the encryption and decryption time of the AES algorithm was less than that of the DES algorithm for the same file, and the time taken to crack the AES-encrypted data by brute force was also much longer; during the transmission of encrypted data, as the data increased, the integrity of the ciphertext decryption by the third-party decreased, and the integrity of the AES algorithm-encrypted file was significantly smaller than that of the DES algorithm-encrypted file when it was decrypted.

Multimedia Data Secure Transmission: A Review

Encryption is a technique of encoding data so that they can only be recognized by authorized receivers. More interactive media information is communicated in the medical, business, and military fields because of the rapid advances in various multimedia transmission and networking technologies, which may contain sensitive information that must be kept hidden from public users. Advanced encryption standards (AES) and data encryption standards (DES) are widely used encryption algorithms for text data. However, they are not appropriate for video data. To ensure that this information cannot be accessed by attackers, the demand for efficient video-protection techniques has been raised. This article provides multimedia design requirements to maintain a secure multimedia system occupied with a threat model for detecting and ranking the potential risks facing a multimedia system. the risks exposed to multimedia security and their impacts on users are typically described according to the textual description and also an overview of the current state-of-the-art video-encryption schemes are presented and their performance parameters have been examined. The relationship between encryption algorithms and compression techniques is also discussed and various multimedia applications have been presented in this paper; Additionally, as the synchronisation of real-time continuous streams is necessary for the interchange of these streams in multimedia conferencing services, multiple synchronisation strategies have been given in this study along with video synchronisation challenges.

Modified Symmetric Image Encryption Approach Based on Mixed Column and Substitution Box

Internet a network of interconnected systems which is used to transmit different kinds of sensitive data is made secure by encrypting this data during transmission and protecting it against any kind of violation. This paper presents a symmetric data encryption algorithm developed in Python to encrypt images, making the transmission secure. The major computations performed in the algorithm are Mix Columns, Key dependent ex-or operation with upper and lower triangular sections of the matrix, Shift Rows, and Customized Sub Bytes transformation which provides diffusion and confusion. Results of various analysis performed on the algorithm prove its authenticity, confidentiality, and integrity.

Research on cloud data encryption algorithm based on bidirectional activation neural network

Recently, it has been found that cloud storage still has security risks, and research on the security and privacy of user data and information is still in the early stage. This paper studies the security risks of cloud data, and designs an image encryption scheme based on neural networks. First, the existing neural network model is improved to obtain a new bidirectional activation (BA) neural network, to establish a many-to-one mapping relationship between the key and the chaotic initial value, to hide the original key of the cloud encryption system, and to improve the security and randomness of the key system. Then, a medical image encryption scheme based on dynamic index scrambling and the M-semitensor product diffusion is proposed. Dynamic index scrambling is more flexible than the traditional approach, and its security and efficiency are improved. The diffusion algorithm adopts the semi tensor product operation, and one of the product matrices is composed of a unitary matrix after Schur decomposition of a plaintext image to effectively resist a selective plaintext attack. Performance analysis shows that the encryption algorithm has high security.

Design and Analysis of Area and Energy Efficient Reconfigurable Cryptographic Accelerator for Securing IoT Devices

Achieving low-cost and high-performance network security communication is necessary for Internet of Things (IoT) devices, including intelligent sensors and mobile robots. Designing hardware accelerators to accelerate multiple computationally intensive cryptographic primitives in various network security protocols is challenging. Different from existing unified reconfigurable cryptographic accelerators with relatively low efficiency and high latency, this paper presents design and analysis of a reconfigurable cryptographic accelerator consisting of a reconfigurable cipher unit and a reconfigurable hash unit to support widely used cryptographic algorithms for IoT Devices, which require block ciphers and hash functions simultaneously. Based on a detailed and comprehensive algorithmic analysis of both the block ciphers and hash functions in terms of basic algorithm structures and common cryptographic operators, the proposed reconfigurable cryptographic accelerator is designed by reusing key register files and operators to build unified data paths. Both the reconfigurable cipher unit and the reconfigurable hash unit contain a unified data path to implement Data Encryption Standard (DES)/Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)/ShangMi 4 (SM4) and Secure Hash Algorithm-1 (SHA-1)/SHA-256/SM3 algorithms, respectively. A reconfigurable S-Box for AES and SM4 is designed based on the composite field Galois field (GF) GF(((22)2)2), which significantly reduces hardware overhead and power consumption compared with the conventional implementation by look-up tables. The experimental results based on 65-nm application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) implementation show that the achieved energy efficiency and area efficiency of the proposed design is 441 Gbps/W and 37.55 Gbps/mm2, respectively, which is suitable for IoT devices with limited battery and form factor. The result of delay analysis also shows that the number of delay cycles of our design can be reduced by 83% compared with the state-of-the-art design, which shows that the proposed design is more suitable for applications including 5G/Wi-Fi/ZigBee/Ethernet network standards to accelerate block ciphers and hash functions simultaneously.

An IoT enabled secured clinical health care framework for diagnosis of heart diseases

World Health Organization (WHO) estimated cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is main contributor to the death count globally. In addition, there are shortcomings of specialists in developing countries to handle these diseases. Internet of things (IoT) and significant advances in machine learning techniques offers more efficient healthcare services. The research work proposed a IoT enabled, cloud-centric solution for remote monitoring of ECG, which could save lives of rural area people particularly in Golden hour. Firstly, pre-processing of ECG signal is performed using Savitzky-Golay (SG filter) for removal of the baseline wanders and maximum overlap discrete wavelet packet transform (MOWPT) is applied for the removal of high noise followed by delineation process of ECG characteristic points. Then deep learned convolution neural network (CNN) is trained and classification is done. For encryption and authentication, Triple data encryption standard is used for security whereas, water cycle optimization technique is used for authentication. IoT is implemented using the ThingSpeak platform, which enables the visualization and analysed the ECG data over the cloud server. Using ThingSpeak, encrypted and authenticated ECG data is shared with cardiologist for examination. To validate the proposed classification method, the standard annotated dataset of the MIT-BIH database is tested and various performance metrics were calculated. The proposed deep learned CNN classifier classifies the heartbeats into five types of arrhythmias with an average accuracy of 99.12%, whereas the sensitivity and specificity of this proposed model are 100% and 99.9% respectively. The achieved results demonstrated better performance as compared to methods reported in the literature.

Multi-Chaos-Based Lightweight Image Encryption-Compression for Secure Occupancy Monitoring.

With the advancement of camera and wireless technologies, surveillance camera-based occupancy has received ample attention from the research community. However, camera-based occupancy monitoring and wireless channels, especially Wi-Fi hotspot, pose serious privacy concerns and cybersecurity threats. Eavesdroppers can easily access confidential multimedia information and the privacy of individuals can be compromised. As a solution, novel encryption techniques for the multimedia data concealing have been proposed by the cryptographers. Due to the bandwidth limitations and computational complexity, traditional encryption methods are not applicable to multimedia data. In traditional encryption methods such as Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Data Encryption Standard (DES), once multimedia data are compressed during encryption, correct decryption is a challenging task. In order to utilize the available bandwidth in an efficient way, a novel secure video occupancy monitoring method in conjunction with encryption-compression has been developed and reported in this paper. The interesting properties of Chebyshev map, intertwining map, logistic map, and orthogonal matrix are exploited during block permutation, substitution, and diffusion processes, respectively. Real-time simulation and performance results of the proposed system show that the proposed scheme is highly sensitive to the initial seed parameters. In comparison to other traditional schemes, the proposed encryption system is secure, efficient, and robust for data encryption. Security parameters such as correlation coefficient, entropy, contrast, energy, and higher key space prove the robustness and efficiency of the proposed solution.

An Efficient Reconfigurable Cryptographic Model for Dynamic and Secure Unstructured Data Sharing in Multi-Cloud Storage Server

This study designs a reconfigurable multi-cloud storage server architecture for dynamic and secure data sharing has been designed, improves the security of unstructured data using cryptographic index-based data slicing (CIBDS), and reduces the malicious insider through data encryption using a third data encryption algorithm (3DEA). Focusing on multi-cloud storage server (MCSS) and data life cycle which includes three stages (i.e., data input, transition and utilization), the authors determined the efficiency of reconfigurable data file slicing, standard format, privacy and trustworthiness of the customers, in contrast to existing methods. Every part of a data file was encrypted using 3DEA, and Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA) was employed to produce the private key to secure the unstructured data. The results show that the proposed framework effectively searches the data files in MCSS based on tags, such as input file names and private keys. The performance of the framework was measured by the security level, uploading/downloading latency time between our method and conventional methods, under different data sizes in (MB). Overall, our method reduces the malicious insider to 0.23% using 3DEA and RSA, during data encryption in the existing USDS-MC, shortens the uploading/downloading latency time (s) by 10% and 12%, compared to USDS-MC, and enhances the unstructured data security by 12% in comparison with that method. In this way, the authors managed to improve the self-protection of reconfigurable and secure unstructured data files in huge cloud infrastructure. This research optimizes the data security and privacy of encryption, decryption and cryptography technologies, and helps with the online process and its security maintenance during cloud storage.

DieRoll: A Unique Key Generation and Encryption Technique

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) or Data Encryption Standard (DES) are standard block cipher techniques mostly used for text or numbers but not preferred for multimedia data. Many researchers presented their work for grayscale image cryptography. However, little work has been reported for RGB image cryptography. This paper presents DieRoll, an encryption technique for color images. The key generation provides a novel approach with various stages of dividing and scrambling followed by using a fair die to transpose, reintegrate and form a new key. This newly generated key is used to encrypt RGB images. The implementation and performance evaluation of DieRoll is also given. The paper compares DieRoll encryption techniques with other techniques found in the literature. Quantitative and visual evaluation is also presented to analyze the resistance against modern threats. In the end attack analysis is given to support the claims.

The LBC-3 lightweight encryption algorithm

Abstract This article presents a developed lightweight data encryption algorithm called LBC-3. Its essential difference from the known algorithms is the R1 function and the procedure for generating round keys. The main characteristics of this lightweight algorithm and all the transformations used in the encryption and decryption processes are described. The process of generating the round keys of the algorithm is also considered. The results of the study of the cryptographic properties of the algorithm using the “avalanche effect” and statistical tests are presented. The avalanche property was tested for each round with each bit of the source text changing. Based on the work carried out, it was found that the proposed encryption algorithm is effective in providing a good avalanche effect, and the binary sequence obtained after encryption is close to random. The research revealed good cryptographic properties of this algorithm.

Development of data encryption standard algorithm based on magic square

Data encryption standard is one of the famous algorithms that used in many fields for security purpose but it s susceptible for many attacks. This paper+ proposes a new modification of data encryption standard (DES) algorithm called magic square data encryption standard (MSDES) algorithm in order to include a high-level security by increase the mixing between the plaintext (96 bit) and the key (48 bit). This modification is done by using magic square 3×3 and an additional key is created using linear first shift register (LFSR) in each round of the Feistel of DES. A colour image encryption is simulated and presented as the comparison between the original DES and MSDES algorithm. The proposed algorithm gets the best results in complexity, histogram, entropy, peak-signal-to-noise ratio-(PSNR) and coefficient-correlation.

Reliable efficient cluster routing protocol based HTDE scheme for UWSN

<p>Underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) are recently recognized as a promising method for monitoring and exploring the underwater environment. Due to real-time remote data monitoring requirements, UWSN has become a preferred network to a large extent. But reliable and efficient secure data transmission to the receiver is one of the most important challenges for UWSNs, often suffer from irreplaceable batteries and high latency for long-distance communications. The most challenging task is extending network life, shortening transmission distances for each node. Thus, this paper presents the reliable efficient cluster routing (RECR) protocol, optimal shortest path finding (OSPF) algorithm and hill transformation data encryption (HTDE) algorithm for UWSNs. The proposed encryption algorithm encrypts the data from the source node, and the RECR protocol is used for reliable data delivery from source to destination. To extend the network's life, RECR employs autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) from the sink node (SN) for data collection. The OSPF algorithm is used to find the shortest path for data transmission to avoid latency. The proposed RECR protocol, HTDE and OSPF algorithm enhance the secure data transmission efficiency, minimizing the energy consumption and improves the network life time. The proposed protocol decreases end-to-end latency, packet loss.</p>

An Efficient and Secure Big Data Storage in Cloud Environment by Using Triple Data Encryption Standard

In recent decades, big data analysis has become the most important research topic. Hence, big data security offers Cloud application security and monitoring to host highly sensitive data to support Cloud platforms. However, the privacy and security of big data has become an emerging issue that restricts the organization to utilize Cloud services. The existing privacy preserving approaches showed several drawbacks such as a lack of data privacy and accurate data analysis, a lack of efficiency of performance, and completely rely on third party. In order to overcome such an issue, the Triple Data Encryption Standard (TDES) methodology is proposed to provide security for big data in the Cloud environment. The proposed TDES methodology provides a relatively simpler technique by increasing the sizes of keys in Data Encryption Standard (DES) to protect against attacks and defend the privacy of data. The experimental results showed that the proposed TDES method is effective in providing security and privacy to big healthcare data in the Cloud environment. The proposed TDES methodology showed less encryption and decryption time compared to the existing Intelligent Framework for Healthcare Data Security (IFHDS) method.

A Scheduling Genetic Algorithm For Real-Time Data Freshness And Cloud Data Security Over Keywords Searching

Cloud storage services allow customers to ingress data stored from any device at any time. The growth of the Internet helps the number of users who need to access online databases without a deep understanding of the schema or query. The languages have risen dramatically, allowing users to search secured data and retrieve desired data from cloud storage using keywords. On the other hand, there are fundamental difficulties such as security, which must be provided to secure user'spersonal information. A hybrid scheduling genetic algorithm (SGA) is proposed in this research. SGA technique enhances the security level and provides data freshness. For evaluation and comparison, parameters such as execution time throughputs are used. According to experimental results, the proposed technique ensures the security of user data from unauthorized parties. Furthermore, SGA is strong and more effective when compared to a set of parameters to the existing algorithm like Data Encryption Standard (DES), Blowfish, and AdvancedEncryption Standard (AES).

Data encryption based on 7D complex chaotic system with cubic memristor for smart grid

The information security has an irreplaceable position in the smart grid (SG). In order to avoid the malicious attack and ensure the information security, the cryptographic techniques are essential. This paper focuses on the encryption techniques to ensure the information security of SG. Firstly, an unusual 7-dimensional complex chaotic system (7D-CCS) combined with the cubic memristor is introduced. Besides its phase portraits, Lyapunov exponent, 0–1 test, complexity, and bifurcation diagram are investigated. Then, with the proposed 7D-CCS, we design a data encryption algorithm to ensure the encryption security. Finally, the data and monitoring images in SG are encrypted by the designed encryption scheme. Besides, the encryption performance is given in detailed. The experimental results show that the proposed encryption scheme has quite good encryption performance. Therefore, it can ensure the information security of SG.

New Key-Dependent S-Box Generation Algorithm on AES

Aims: Cryptography means 'hidden secrets'. The primary purpose of cryptography is to protect networks and data over a wireless communication channel. The cryptographic approach secures the data of a network from any internal or external attacks. Background: There are several kinds of cryptographic techniques, such as Data Encryption Standard (DES), RSA (Rivest- Shamir- Adleman), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), Blowfish, Twofish, etc. Out of these algorithms, AES shows wide acceptance for its superiority in providing confidentiality to secret information. Another cause for extensive acceptance is that AES is simple, convenient to implement, has a low charge, and higher security. Several changes have been proposed to modify AES by cryptographers and researchers all around the world. Objective: This research paper offers a new key-dependent s-box generation algorithm for AES. Methods: A list of irreducible polynomials of degree 8 is used to generate the s-box depending on the secret key to provide more invulnerable ciphertext in comparison to standard AES. This design of this proposed model is easy and convenient to implement than different dynamic s-box technology algorithms. Results : The metrics chosen for overall performance evaluation are Frequency Distribution, Chi-square Test, Avalanche Effect, and Strict Avalanche Criterion. Conclusion: The proposed algorithm satisfies the desired property of these metrics and provides better security in contrast to standard AES.

Review on Cryptography and Network Security Zero Knowledge Technique in Blockchain Technology

A huge amount of data has been generated every day across the world by organizations with the emergence of the World Wide Web, social networks, along with e-commerce applications. To safeguard the network along with data transmission that occurs over a wireless network, cryptography along with network security (NS) is utilized. In data transmission over a wireless untrustworthy network, securing data is a major concern. Providing security to the wireless sensor networks is highly significant; NS provides security not only to the end system but also to all over the network system. Consequently, NS, cryptography, present progress in NS, linear cryptanalysis (LC), together with differential cryptanalysis (DC) are explicated in this work. The outcomes of the encryption time (ET) versus file size for data encryption standard (DES), advanced encryption standard (AES), 3DES, Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA), blowfish, and the decryption time (DT) versus file size for RSA, AES, modified RSA (MRSA), and nth degree truncated polynomial ring units (NTRU) are also evaluated in this paper.

An Adaptive Enhanced Technique for Locked Target Detection and Data Transmission over Internet of Healthcare Things

The incredible advancements in data transmission technology have opened up more potentials for data security than ever before. Numerous methods for data protection have been developed during the previous decades, including steganography and cryptography. The security and integrity of medical data have emerged as major barriers for healthcare service systems as the Internet of Things has evolved dramatically in the healthcare business. Communication between two devices securely is a difficult problem. Numerous cryptographic algorithms are already available, including data encryption standard (DES), Rivest–Shamir–Adleman (RSA), and advanced encryption standard (AES). In this paper, we present a hybrid security model for the protection of diagnostic text data contained in medical photographs. The proposed model is built by combining a proposed hybrid encryption system with either a 2D Discrete Wavelet Transform 1 Level (2D-DWT-1L) or a 2D Discrete Wavelet Transform 2 Level (2D-DWT-2L) steganography technique. The suggested model encrypts secret data and hides them using 2D-DWT-3L. As text covers, color and grayscale images are employed. The suggested system’s performance was tested using PSNR, SSIM, MSE, and Correlation. Associated to state-of-the-art approaches, the proposed model masked personal patient data with high capacity, imperceptibility and minimum deterioration in the received stego-image. We use MATLAB to build the proposed mechanism, and measures such as throughput and execution time are used to assess performance.

Transformation Path of Modern Media from the Perspective of Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new technology revolution that aims to link all ordinary physical items to the Internet, creating a massive worldwide network of uniquely connected things that can exchange information and fulfill planned activities, resulting in considerable advantages for consumers. Researchers have started to explore new techniques of technical help in various fields (e.g. health, transport, and education) as the Internet of Things has grown in popularity in recent years. In this research, we present a revolutionary IoT paradigm with an encryption mechanism to establish a kind of network that would allow the more intelligent media-data transfer. Initially, we collected COVID-19-related data and preprocessed the raw data using the median absolute deviation method. The preprocessed data that is to be transferred to the media is then stored in the IoT device using various sensors. To improve the security of the data, we propose Robust Modern Media Data Encryption (RMMDE) algorithm with Enhance Cuckoo Swarm Optimization (ECSO) algorithm. The suggested mechanism is compared to the traditional encryption approaches, and the metrics are evaluated using the OriginPro tool. This proposed methodology could be a start point for better and more efficient media data transmission.