Data Collection Points Research Articles

Baseline neuropsychiatric symptoms and psychotropic medication use midway through data collection of the Longitudinal Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS) cohort.

We examined neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and psychotropic medication use in a large sample of individuals with early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD; onset 40-64 years) at the midway point of data collection for the Longitudinal Early-onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS). Baseline NPS (Neuropsychiatric Inventory - Questionnaire; Geriatric Depression Scale) and psychotropic medication use from 282 participants enrolled in LEADS were compared across diagnostic groups - amyloid-positive EOAD (n=212) and amyloid negative early-onset non-Alzheimer's disease (EOnonAD; n=70). Affective behaviors were the most common NPS in EOAD at similar frequencies to EOnonAD. Tension and impulse control behaviors were more common in EOnonAD. A minority of participants were using psychotropic medications, and use was higher in EOnonAD. Overall NPS burden and psychotropic medication use were higher in EOnonAD than EOAD participants. Future research will investigate moderators and etiological drivers of NPS, and NPS differences in EOAD versus late-onset AD.

Clinical use of quality of life data for treatment and survivorship in oncology.

e24044 Background: Since cancer treatment and disease itself may cause chronic limitations, the challenge of reducing symptom burden during therapy and achieving good Quality of Life (QoL) for longevity with cancer becomes increasingly important. Research already shows that including QoL during treatment increases compliance, survivorship and outcome, but the transition of these concepts into regular care are mostly not implemented. Nevertheless, do regular measurements give a good insight to personal deviations and may enable a harmonious transition from clinical - to post treatment and into everyday life. Methods: For this research assessment of QoL was carried out within a registry study of gastrointestinal patients at the SLK Clinics Heilbronn (DRKS00018788). As a registry study, research is not bound to a fixed deadline, therefore we're still recruiting. First, we deployed a process for a continuous, digital measurement of QoL at clinical visits through the QLQ-C30. Parallel, a separate project implemented an app to measure QoL independently from home. Both ways, data is then structured to visualize the course of events for the identification of deviations or trends. Results: Up to now we included almost 100 patients with over 600 assessment points in our study. It could be shown that our process is applicable in the real world setting of clinical routine and accepted by patients. The study has been running for about 36 months and we were able to visualize QoL charts over several data collection points per patient. Trends within data indicate a relation of the clinical course to changes in QoL. Thus, a possible correlation of the decrease in tumor markers with an increase in QoL is shown. Also, progressions usually result in a significant decrease of QoL. Nevertheless, data also showed that one should be careful to relate the course exclusively to therapy or disease, since environmental influences such as injuries, infections or multimorbidity’s did also result in declines. Here, not only the interpretation of the overall QoL is important, but also the consideration of individual dimensions. Thereby specific limitations of how the patient experiences therapy or possible long-term consequences for survivors get more tangible. To better assess these factors, monitoring of QoL is necessary, not only at visits, but also at home. The developed app for assessing QoL independently was able to show that such a survey can be implemented and applied. Uniform data structure via HL7 FHIR ensures interoperability of the data for both systems. Conclusions: It could be shown that a standardized survey of QoL is possible both in clinical use and independently through patients at home. To close information gaps between clinical visits, both concepts should be merged next to enable an independent survey with a continuous measurement across all therapy stages. With that, adjustments or transitions in therapy could be tailored by limitations in a patients’ QoL.

Unmet vaccination need among children under the age of five attending the paediatric emergency department: a cross-sectional study in a large UK district general hospital

ObjectiveTo estimate vaccination coverage among children under the age of five attending the paediatric emergency department (PED) using tetanus and MMR vaccination as a proxy.DesignA cross-sectional observational study with a...

Assessment of efficacy and safety of dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (ddAC) in combination with pembrolizumab in early-stage, triple-negative breast cancer.

e12618 Background: KEYNOTE-522 demonstrated significant improvement in pathologic complete response (pCR) and event free survival (EFS) for early stage triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients (pts) treated with pembrolizumab (PEMBRO) and chemotherapy (carboplatin/paclitaxel weekly followed by doxorubicin/cyclophosamide (AC) every 3 weeks) in the neo/adjuvant setting. Standard of care prior to KEYNOTE-522 was AC every 2 weeks (dd), however, implementation of ddAC becomes impractical when accommodating 21-day PEMBRO dosing and creates concern for compromised efficacy. KEYNOTE-555 demonstrated feasibility of every 6-week PEMBRO dosing. We modified the KEYNOTE-522 regimen to employ ddAC with PEMBRO every 6-weeks with the aim to maximize clinical outcomes while reducing time spent in the infusion center. The primary objective is to compare the rate of pCR using ddAC plus 6-week PEMBRO versus PEMBRO and AC every 3 weeks. Secondary objectives include: safety of concomitant chemoimmunotherapy by comparing the incidence of adverse events (AEs) with PEMBRO (every 3 or 6 weeks), assessing rates of held cycles or dose modifications, and assessing toxicity of concomitant capecitabine and PEMBRO in the adjuvant setting. Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center, cohort study at Duke University Hospital (DUH). Results reported via descriptive statistics. Adult pts with clinical stages I-III TNBC were included in this study. Pts must have completed four cycles of AC. Pre-specified data collection points were obtained from the electronic health record and entered into a secure database. Results: A total of 25 female pts treated at DUH were included. The rate of pCR was 64.3% (AC) versus 81.8% (ddAC). All patients experienced at least one adverse event with their immunochemotherapeutic regimen. The most common IO-induced toxicities included thyroid-associated AEs (37.5%) and rash (37.5%). There were no grade 3 or 4 IO-induced toxicities reported. Five patients were on concomitant adjuvant capecitabine and PEMBRO for residual disease. One patient in each arm required dose adjustments for capecitabine and 3 patients had at least one deferred cycle. One patient experienced AEs associated with capecitabine. No patients had toxicities attributable to adjuvant PEMBRO. Conclusions: In this small single center study, the administration of neoadjuvant ddAC with PEMBRO at 400mg every 6 weeks was deemed feasible with no excess toxicity. There was a trend towards improved efficacy for patients treated with ddAC with PEMBRO. Additionally, safety endpoints were similar between groups. This dosing strategy allows for optimization of therapy with the incorporation of ddAC and adjuvant capecitabine, thus potentially improving outcomes in TNBC patients. Larger cohort studies, in the real-world setting, are needed to confirm these findings.

A roadmap for using DHIS2 data to track progress in key health indicators in the Global South: experience from sub-saharan Africa

High quality health data as collected by health management information systems (HMIS) is an important building block of national health systems. District Health Information System 2 (DHIS2) software is an innovation in data management and monitoring for strengthening HMIS that has been widely implemented in low and middle-income countries in the last decade. However, analysts and decision-makers still face significant challenges in fully utilizing the capabilities of DHIS2 data to pursue national and international health agendas. We aimed to (i) identify the most relevant health indicators captured by DHIS2 for tracking progress towards the Sustainable Development goals in sub-Saharan African countries and (ii) present a clear roadmap for improving DHIS2 data quality and consistency, with a special focus on immediately actionable solutions. We identified that key indicators in child and maternal health (e.g. vaccine coverage, maternal deaths) are currently being tracked in the DHIS2 of most countries, while other indicators (e.g. HIV/AIDS) would benefit from streamlining the number of indicators collected and standardizing case definitions. Common data issues included unreliable denominators for calculation of incidence, differences in reporting among health facilities, and programmatic differences in data quality. We proposed solutions for many common data pitfalls at the analysis level, including standardized data cleaning pipelines, k-means clustering to identify high performing health facilities in terms of data quality, and imputation methods. While we focus on immediately actionable solutions for DHIS2 analysts, improvements at the point of data collection are the most rigorous. By investing in improving data quality and monitoring, countries can leverage the current global attention on health data to strengthen HMIS and progress towards national and international health priorities.

Improving the readiness and clinical quality of antenatal care – findings from a quasi-experimental evaluation of a performance-based financing scheme in Burkina Faso

BackgroundWhile maternal mortality has declined globally, it remains highest in low-income countries. High-quality antenatal care (ANC) can prevent or decrease pregnancy-related complications for mothers and newborns. The implementation of performance-based financing (PBF) schemes in Sub-Saharan Africa to improve primary healthcare provision commonly includes financial indicators linked to ANC service quality indicators. In this study, we examine changes in ANC provision produced by the introduction of a PBF scheme in rural Burkina Faso.MethodsThis study followed a quasi-experimental design with two data collection points comparing effects on ANC service quality between primary health facilities across intervention and control districts based on difference-in-differences estimates. Performance scores were defined using data on structural and process quality of care reflecting key clinical aspects of ANC provision related to screening and prevention pertaining to first and follow-up ANC visits.ResultsWe found a statistically significant increase in performance scores by 10 percent-points in facilities’ readiness to provide ANC services. The clinical care provided to different ANC client groups scored generally low, especially with respect to preventive care measures, we failed to observe any substantial changes in the clinical provision of ANC care attributable to the PBF.ConclusionThe observed effect pattern reflects the incentive structure implemented by the scheme, with a stronger focus on structural elements compared with clinical aspects of care. This limited the scheme’s overall potential to improve ANC provision at the client level after the observed three-year implementation period. To improve both facility readiness and health worker performance, stronger incentives are needed to increase adherence to clinical standards and patient care outcomes.

‘Condoms are hard to get by’: access to HIV prevention methods during lockdown of the COVID-19 epidemic in eastern Zimbabwe

ABSTRACT Background In the early phase of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, health services were disrupted worldwide, including HIV prevention services. While some studies have begun to document the effects of COVID-19 on HIV prevention, little has been done to qualitatively examine how lockdown measures were experienced and perceived to affect access to HIV prevention methods in sub-Saharan Africa. Objectives To explore how the COVID-19 pandemic was perceived to affect access to HIV prevention methods in eastern Zimbabwe. Method This article draws on qualitative data from the first three data collection points (involving telephone interviews, group discussions, and photography) of a telephone and WhatsApp-enabled digital ethnography. Data were collected from 11 adolescent girls and young women and five men over a 5-month period (March–July 2021). The data were analysed thematically. Results Participants reported widespread interruption to their condom supply when beerhalls were shut down as part of a nationwide lockdown. Restrictions in movement meant that participants who could afford to buy condoms from larger supermarkets or pharmacies were unable to. Additionally, the police reportedly refused to issue letters granting permission to travel for the purpose of accessing HIV prevention services. The COVID-19 pandemic was also described to obstruct the demand (fear of COVID-19, movement restrictions) and supply (de-prioritised, stock-outs) for HIV prevention services. Nonetheless, under certain formal and informal circumstances, such as accessing other and more prioritised health services, or ‘knowing the right people’, some participants were able to access HIV prevention methods. Conclusion People at risk of HIV experienced the COVID-19 epidemic in Zimbabwe as disruptive to access to HIV prevention methods. While the disruptions were temporary, they were long enough to catalyse local responses, and to highlight the need for future pandemic response capacities to circumvent a reversal of hard-won gains in HIV prevention.

Educating Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Learners (CLD) in United States Schools during COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has propelled educational communities across the world into emergency remote models of instruction. This study documented the perceptions of 11 teachers from the State of Illinois regarding the quality of online instruction in their schools and their unexpected challenges from March of 2019-2020 academic year. Three points of data collection documented the teachers’ perceptions of the transition to online learning and subsequent difficulties. Recurrent themes evident in responses to interview questions (Stake, 2000) were examined using a constant comparison method (Glasser & Strauss, 1967). Three emerging themes were identified: increased job demands, need for educational supports, and educators’ concerns about the quality of the delivery of online instruction for Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Learners during the pandemic.

Analisis Intensitas Kebisingan pada Area Fabrikasi PT XYZ Bintan

Noise in the industrial sector of a company caused by the use of machines and working tools to support the production process. Noise levels that exceed the threshold limit can lead to hearing loss and the risk of damage to the ears, both temporary and permanent after exposure for a certain period of time without the use of adequate protective equipment. This potential risk encourages governments in various countries to make regulations that limit the level of noise in the industry. This research was carried out by observing and measuring directly on the research object, namely by using a Sound Level Meter and repeating the data 4 times at each point of data collection on noise intensity. An analysis of the noise intensity in the PT XYZ Bintan fabrication area was carried out in order to create a working environment that is safe, comfortable and conducive and can overcome the hazards caused by the noise generated. The noise level in the PT XYZ Bintan fabrication area does not fully meet the standard noise standards in the work environment according to the Minister of Manpower Regulation Number 5 of 2018, which is 85 dBA. The results of capturing the distribution of Leq noise that have been made show that the noise level at Workshop 5 and Workshop 8 has passed the required quality standards, namely 95.1 dBA and 93.5 dBA respectively. While Workshop 9 and Workshop 10 the noise level was close to the quality standard, namely 84.3 dBA and 84.8 dBA. Mitigation efforts that have been carried out by PT XYZ Bintan are hearing protection including the use of hearing protection devices, audiometric testing as well as motivation and reduction of noise problems.

The role of integrated psychological support in breast cancer patients: a randomized monocentric prospective study evaluating the Fil-Rouge Integrated Psycho-Oncological Support (FRIPOS) program

PurposeThis study examined the effects of Fil-Rouge Integrated Psycho-Oncological Support (FRIPOS) in a group of women with breast cancer compared with a group receiving treatment as usual (TAU).MethodsThe research design was a randomized, monocentric, prospective study with three time points of data collection: after the preoperative phase (T0), in the initial phase of treatments (T1), and 3 months after the start of treatments (T2). The FRIPOS group (N = 103) and the TAU group (N = 79) completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R) at T0; the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ) C30 and EORTC QLQ-BR23 at T1; and SCL-90-R, EORTC QLQ-C30, and EORTC QLQ-BR23 at T2.ResultsA series of independent and paired t tests showed that patients in the FRIPOS group performed better on all scales related to symptomatic manifestations and on some quality of life scales (fatigue, dyspnea, and sleep disturbances) at T2. In addition, a series of ten multiple regressions were performed to predict each SCL subscale at T2 from the SCL score at T0 and the EORTC QLQ-C30 scores at T2. In nine of ten regression models (all except somatization), both FRIPOS group membership and QoL subscale contributed significantly to prediction.ConclusionsThis study suggests that patients in the FRIPOS group have more benefits in emotional, psychological, and collateral symptoms than patients in the TAU group and that these improvements are due to integrated psycho-oncology care.

Proximity to Neighborhood Services and Property Values in Urban Area: An Evaluation through the Hedonic Pricing Model

Neighborhood services, property attributes, and their associated amenities have positive impacts on land and property values. This impact is estimated by the hedonic pricing model, which is considered an effective method used in previous studies for such evaluations. The study uses Geographical Information Science by digitizing the point of interest in the study area for spatial modeling of data collection points and multi-linear regression as a statistical analysis of hedonic measurements. The hedonic measurements include the data of structural, locational, environmental, and community attributes of a property at a given time and space at a walkable distance from the neighborhood for measuring proximity. The results of the study are represented through the summary of the regression model, which expresses the impact of every individual variable on the entire value of the property, and the appropriateness of the results is shown by values R, R2, and adjusted R2. The result of the study concluded that property characteristics are varied from location to location, and that is why it is difficult to measure the exact market values, particularly in areas that lack urban planning and heterogeneous data. Research on such burning issues is essential for sustainable urban development.

Effects of foot intensive rehabilitation (FIRE) on clinical outcomes for patients with chronic ankle instability: a randomized controlled trial protocol

BackgroundLateral ankle sprains account for a large proportion of musculoskeletal injuries among civilians and military service members, with up to 40% of patients developing chronic ankle instability (CAI). Although foot function is compromised in patients with CAI, these impairments are not routinely addressed by current standard of care (SOC) rehabilitation protocols, potentially limiting their effectiveness. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial is to determine if a Foot Intensive REhabilitation (FIRE) protocol is more effective compared to SOC rehabilitation for patients with CAI.MethodsThis study will use a three-site, single-blind, randomized controlled trial design with data collected over four data collection points (baseline and post-intervention with 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-ups) to assess variables related to recurrent injury, sensorimotor function, and self-reported function. A total of 150 CAI patients (50 per site) will be randomly assigned to one of two rehabilitation groups (FIRE or SOC). Rehabilitation will consist of a 6-week intervention composed of supervised and home exercises. Patients assigned to SOC will complete exercises focused on ankle strengthening, balance training, and range of motion, while patients assigned to FIRE will complete a modified SOC program along with additional exercises focused on intrinsic foot muscle activation, dynamic foot stability, and plantar cutaneous stimulation.DiscussionThe overall goal of this trial is to compare the effectiveness of a FIRE program versus a SOC program on near- and long-term functional outcomes in patients with CAI. We hypothesize the FIRE program will reduce the occurrence of future ankle sprains and ankle giving way episodes while creating clinically relevant improvements in sensorimotor function and self-reported disability beyond the SOC program alone. This study will also provide longitudinal outcome findings for both FIRE and SOC for up to two years. Enhancing the current SOC for CAI will improve the ability of rehabilitation to reduce subsequent ankle injuries, diminish CAI-related impairments, and improve patient-oriented measures of health, which are critical for the immediate and long-term health of civilians and service members with this condition.Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov Registry: NCT #NCT04493645 (7/29/20).

DDC‐OMDC: Deadline‐based data collection using optimal mobile data collectors in Internet of Things

SummaryMobile data collectors (MDCs) are very efficient for data collection in internet of things (IoT) sensor networks. These data collectors collect data at rendezvous points to reduce data collection latency. It is paramount to determine these points in an IoT network to collect data in real time. It is important to consider IoT network characteristics to collect data on a specific deadline. First, the disconnected IoT sensor network is a real challenge in IoT applications. Second, it is essential to determine optimal data collection points (DCPs) and MDCs simultaneously to collect data in real time. In this study, Deadline‐based Data Collection using Optimal Mobile Data Collectors (DDC‐OMDC) scheme is proposed that aims to collect data in a disconnected network with the optimal number of mobile data collectors in a specific deadline for delay‐intolerant applications. DDC‐OMDC works in two phases. In the first phase, the optimal number of MDCs is determined to collect data at the optimal data collection points to guarantee one‐hop data collection from each cluster. The optimal mobile data collectors are determined using optimal DCPs, data collection stopping time, and a specific deadline. In the second phase, the optimal data collection trajectory is determined for each MDC using the nearest neighbor heuristic algorithm to collect data in real time. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms in collecting data in real time and determines optimal mobile data collectors and optimal data collection trajectory to collect data in a specific deadline for delay‐intolerant applications.

4G LTE NETWORK WALK TEST ANALYSIS USING ANDROID APPLICATION G-NET TRACK ON SWCU FTI BUILDING

The poor performance of a cellular network can hinder student academic activities such as the difficulty of accessing online materials. Therefore, this research aims to obtain data on the quality of the 4G LTE cellular network in the SWCU FTI building area so that the data can be used as a reference for improving network quality. The parameters used for analysis are RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power), RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality) and SINR (Signal Interference to Noise Ratio) parameters. The results of measurements in 21 data collection points show that the RSRP parameter shows that the overall average of Telkomsel operators is -111.05 dBm and Indosat operators is -114.48 dBm and based on KPI standards, it is categorized as very poor signal quality. For the RSRQ parameter, the average overall measurement results for Telkomsel operators is -16.25 dB and Indosat operators are -19.57 dB and based on KPI standards, it is categorized as poor signal quality. For SINR parameters, the overall average of Telkomsel operators is -7.5 dB and Indosat operators is -7.8 dB and based on KPI standards, it is categorized as poor signal quality.

Critical analysis of integration of ICT and data analytics into the accounting curriculum: A multidimensional perspective

AbstractUndertaking a multistage qualitative approach, this study explores the accounting profession's demands for information communication technology (ICT) skills as well as the opportunities, challenges and influential factors that accounting academics encounter in embedding ICT and data analytics skills in the accounting curriculum. We employ content analysis of the course syllabi of all major Australian and New Zealand universities using term frequency‐inverse document frequency (TF‐IDF), and survey accounting heads of departments (or equivalents) and interview members of the industry. Our findings reveal diverse pedagogical approaches to embedding ICT and data analytics in the accounting curriculum. The findings also portray the gap between university accounting curricula and the professional bodies' ICT competencies requirements at the point of data collection. As such, challenges and future opportunities for the integration of topics related to ICT and data analytics are identified, which should be beneficial to academics and practitioners interested in future‐oriented curriculum designs that are fundamental to accounting graduates and the future of the profession.

PENYELARASAN KURIKULUM PRODI PTM FKIP UNS KONSENTRASI OTOMOTIF DENGAN DUNIA INDUSTRI

<p>The speed of the times in terms of technology and people's behavior patterns makes people around the world interconnected. This makes the competition for jobs in society increase. Everyone who wants to survive the competition for a job must have the ability and skills. In this case, the world of education is also influential, where education is not only to seek knowledge but to find or improve skills that are useful for competing for a job. In technological advances, especially in the automotive sector, the world of education, especially vocational education, must always follow the development of technology in the industry. The PTM Study Program should have a curriculum that is in line with the work or competencies in the industry so that ptm study program graduates can compete in the world of work. This study aims to find out whether the curriculum of the PTM FKIP UNS study program has aligned with the competencies needed by the industrial world. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. The source of this research data is documents from industry and the Mechanical Engineering Education Study Program. Purpose sampling data retrieval technique. Data collection was carried out with documentation and finalized with FGD (Focus Group Discussion). There are three data collection points, namely Toyota Nasmoco Ringroad, Daihatsu Adi Sucipto, and Suzuki Pabelan. The source of data from the draft work documents in the industry is the RPS matkul in the automotive field of the PTM Study Program, vehicle inspection sheets, FGD minutes, and periodic service books for gasoline engines and diesel engines. The validity test technique used is data triangulation. Data analysis using content analysis techniques (Analysis content). First, the competencies that have been taught in the PTM Study Program, especially in the automotive field, have been in line with the competencies or jobs that exist in the industry. In the Focus Group Discussion process, the stake holders stated that the PTM Study Program curriculum is in line with the industry and provides input on curriculum development to pursue industrial technology that is always developing at all times in the form of electric car competencies and conventional competencies are only given at a glance and prioritize injection competencies.</p>

Swarm Intelligence Internet of Vehicles Approaches for Opportunistic Data Collection and Traffic Engineering in Smart City Waste Management

Recent studies have shown the efficacy of mobile elements in optimizing the energy consumption of sensor nodes. Current data collection approaches for waste management applications focus on exploiting IoT-enabled technologies. However, these techniques are no longer sustainable in the context of smart city (SC) waste management applications due to the emergence of large-scale wireless sensor networks (LS-WSNs) in smart cities with sensor-based big data architectures. This paper proposes an energy-efficient swarm intelligence (SI) Internet of Vehicles (IoV)-based technique for opportunistic data collection and traffic engineering for SC waste management strategies. This is a novel IoV-based architecture exploiting the potential of vehicular networks for SC waste management strategies. The proposed technique involves deploying multiple data collector vehicles (DCVs) traversing the entire network for data gathering via a single-hop transmission. However, employing multiple DCVs comes with additional challenges including costs and network complexity. Thus, this paper proposes analytical-based methods to investigate critical tradeoffs in optimizing energy consumption for big data collection and transmission in an LS-WSN such as (1) finding the optimal number of data collector vehicles (DCVs) required in the network and (2) determining the optimal number of data collection points (DCPs) for the DCVs. These critical issues affect efficient SC waste management and have been overlooked by previous studies exploring waste management strategies. Simulation-based experiments using SI-based routing protocols validate the efficacy of the proposed method in terms of the evaluation metrics.

Urban Wellbeing: A Portable Sensing Approach to Unravel the Link Between Environment and Mental Wellbeing

In this letter, we present the development and evaluation of the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Urban Wellbeing</i> mobile application that employs real-world, momentary assessment of the environment and its link to well-being using multimodel sensor data and self-report well-being. Several industry standard environmental sensors comprised of particulate matter, ozone and nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, and nitrogen oxides as nitrogen dioxide are analyzed each hour with the average of them combined and calculated as the air quality index. By using mobile technology and on-board sensors, we simultaneously collected for the first time live feed of data, such as the environment type, exact location, image of the environment, and level of noise, and obtained perceived mental well-being, fused at the point of data collection. Through an extensive assessment approach on real-world data, we are able to demonstrate the link between busy, polluted, and green spaces and its impact on well-being. The results also indicate that in environments whereby air quality is poor and noise is very loud, typically, participants experience a negative well-being.

Reduced quality of life, more technical challenges, and less study motivation among paramedic students after one year of the COVID-19 pandemic – a survey study

IntroductionDespite the lack of knowledge about the SARS-CoV2 virus, the lack of personal protection gear among frontline healthcare workers, and lack of vaccines in the beginning of the pandemic, paramedic students in Norway contributed to the National response against the COVID-19 pandemic by working in test-stations, ambulance services, ambulance decontamination stations etc. Despite fear of contracting the COVID-19 reported by healthcare workers worldwide, paramedic students in Norway reported higher-than-average quality of life after four months of the COVID-19 pandemic (first pandemic wave). In this study we aimed to investigate how students reported their quality of life, study motivation and job satisfaction after one year of living with the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodAt two data collection point, all paramedic students enrolled at Oslo Metropolitan University were invited to participate in a digital, online, self-administered survey. The first data collection was in June 2020 (the first pandemic wave), while the second data collection was in March 2021 (the third pandemic wave). Results from both samples were analyzed independently with descriptive statistics. Differences between the groups were analyzed using an independent T-test and Mann–Whitney-U test to discover changes over time. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate the difference attributable to timing (first vs. the third wave), seniority, and student gender.ResultsThe samples consist of slightly more female students than male students. The mean age in both samples is 24.6 years. Despite the higher-than-average level of quality of life in the first pandemic wave, results show that there was a significant reduction in students’ health-related quality of life (p < 0.001, B -0.059, SE 0.016), study motivation (p = 0.002, 95% CI:0.09,0.41), and job satisfaction (p = 0.005, 95% CI:1.62,9.00) after the third pandemic wave in Norway. Surprisingly, students experienced more technical challenges in the third wave, e.g., poor internet connection, sound pollution, and poor picture quality, despite more experience among students and teachers.ConclusionOur results show that paramedic students had significant worsening experiences in the late pandemic wave compared to the first pandemic wave. Universities and governments should learn from the COVID-19 pandemic to develop better preparedness plans for future pandemics and knowledge about students' well-being should be considered in future preparedness plans for higher education and the government plans for the education of front-line healthcare workers during a pandemic to facilitate the continuation of necessary education.

PERAN RTH ALUN-ALUN RATU ZALECHA TERHADAP KENYAMANAN LINGKUNGAN BERDASARKAN PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT DAN INDEKS KETIDAKNYAMANAN (Studi Kasus RTH Alun-Alun Ratu Zalecha, Martapura Kalimantan Selatan)

Based on statistical data (Banjar District in Figures, 2016), it was found that there was an increase in population density from 2013 to 115 people / km2, by 2014 117 people / km2 and 2015 by 119 souls / km2. To support human needs and activities, it takes a lot of space, especially built space. The purpose of this study is to analyze the public perception about the role of green space on environmental comfort in RTH Ratu Zalecha Square and analyze the role of RTH Queen Square Zalecha to the comfort of environment based on the index of discomfort. The research method used is survey method and quantitative descriptive analysis. The survey method aims to observe the condition of research sites such as physical condition and RTH characteristics. The survey also aims to determine the point of data collection, identify the green space structure, and take the microclimate primary data. The result of this research shows that the level of public perception on the comfort of RTH Alun-Alun Ratu Zalecha has positive effect for 84 respondent (87,5%) and 12 respondents (12,5%). This indicates that H0 is accepted which presumes that there is positive effect of RTH of Queen of Zalecha against the comfort of environment and H1 is rejected and Chi-Square calculation shows that X2H value is 96,47 bigger than X2 table 5% that is 5,991 so that H0 is accepted, meaning there is a significant difference between the three levels of public perception towards the comfort of the environment with the highest level of positive perception is in the category of a very influential role and affect the comfort of the environment. Based on observation data at the study location, the average daily discomfort index at location I (on the surface), location I (1.4 meters), location II (1.4 meters), location III (1.4) meters) between 80,2-81,7 which is in the interval of the value of DI&gt; 80, which means that 100% of respondents stated that all research locations in the category were uncomfortable for humans.