Data Book Research Articles

The sozological analysis as a possible tool for compiling lichenological parts of Red Data Books

The sozological analysis as a possible tool for compiling lichenological parts of Red Data Books

Revision of the Oriental and Australasian diving beetle genus Sandracottus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Dytiscinae).

A comprehensive revision is presented of the Oriental and Australasian diving beetle genus Sandracottus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Dytiscinae: Aciliini) and seven junior subjective synonyms are proposed. Sandracottusguerini Balfour-Browne, 1939, syn. nov. is a junior subjective synonym of S.femoralis Heller, 1934; S.manipurensis Vazirani, 1969, syn. nov. of S.hunteri (Crotch, 1872); S.mixtus Blanchard, 1843, syn. nov. of S.chevrolati (Aubé, 1838); and S.angulifer Heller, 1934, syn. nov., S.nauticus Sharp, 1882, syn. nov., and S.palawanensis Satô, 1978, syn. nov. of S.maculatus (Wehncke, 1876). Finally, S.vijayakumari Anand et al., 2021, syn. nov. is a new synonym of S.dejeanii (Aubé, 1838). New status is assigned to S.bakewelliiguttatus (Sharp, 1882), stat. nov. as well as S.hunteri (Crotch, 1872), stat. rev. Lectotypes are designated for the following taxa: Dytiscusflavocinctus Guérin-Méneville, 1830, Hydaticuschevrolati Aubé, 1838, Hydaticusinsignis Wehncke, 1876, Sandracottusbaeri Régimbart, 1899, Sandracottusbizonatus Régimbart, 1899, and Sandracottusornatus Sharp, 1882. A neotype is designated for Hydaticusmaculatus Wehncke, 1876. In total, three Oriental species, two of which also occur in the East Palaearctic, six Southeast Asian species, one species from New Guinea and the Moluccas, and one from Australia with an endemic subspecies in Central Australia (S.bakewelliiguttatus) are recognised. Each taxon is presented with a diagnosis, habitat preferences, conservation assessments, distribution data, and a comprehensive bibliography. Important characters (habitus, dorsal colouration, median lobes and parameres) are illustrated. All currently valid taxa are redescribed. Sandracottusjaechi Wewalka & Vazirani, 1975 from Sri Lanka, S.bizonatus from Borneo, S.insignis from the Philippines and S.rotundus Sharp, 1882 from Sulawesi are recommended to be listed in the next IUCN red data book. A key to all species is provided.

Annotated review of the mammal fauna in the Chornobyl Biosphere Reserve as of 2023

The review of mammals recorded in the Chornobyl Radiation-Ecological Biosphere Reserve (established in 2016, covering 2273 of the 2600 km² area of the former exclusion zone) is carried out for the second time in the entire history of studies in the region. In addition to presenting a checklist of the local mammal fauna, the review details the changes that have taken place over the last 20 years. In total, 61 species have been recorded in the Reserve (compared to 49 in 2006), representing 7 orders and 19 families. Among them, 10–11 species are non-native, of which 5 were introduced in the last 25–70 years. The rest of the species are autochthonous. Nine species are considered to be phantom species, meaning that they are known from neighbouring areas but have not been found in the Reserve. Twenty-two species have protected status in Ukraine (Red Data Book of Ukraine, 2021), and 6 in Europe (IUCN Red List, 2024). The changes in the checklist of the Reserve’s mammal fauna have mainly resulted from more intense studies and using revised approaches. Research on bats alone has added nine species to the list of mammals. Additionally, feral domestic animals (cats, dogs, and cattle) have been included in the checklist as they have formed established wild populations. Only two species, the golden jackal and the European bison, arrived naturally in the Reserve for the first time. The abundance of most species shows significant long-term and seasonal fluctuations, influenced by climate change, disease, shifts in vegetation, wildfires, floods, intraspecies dynamics, and occasionally human activity. Certain species (lynx, Przewalski’s horse, and bear) continue to increase in number, while the red deer has shifted from being a non-abundant to a dominant species. At the same time, there is limited information on rare and conditionally non-abundant species as they often fall outside the scope of research due to the difficulty of their study. This consideration is not reasonable as those species constitute a substantial portion of the checklist, and many of them are protected species. Nevertheless, the current state of the mammal fauna demonstrates the positive impact of nature conservation and the stable development of autochthonous populations, reinforcing the view that the Chornobyl Radiation-Ecological Biosphere Reserve is a highly valuable wildlife sanctuary in both Ukraine and Europe.

Some data about endangered and rare plant species in Me Linh Station for Biodiversity, Vinh Phuc province

Me Linh Station for Biodiversity has an area of ​​170.3 hectares, near Tam Dao National Park. Although the area is not large, it has with high biodiversity and rich flora, including many rare and threatened plant species. So, this place not only preserves biodiversity but also organizes research and educational activities to protect biodiversity and the environment. Some research projects have been done on species diversity, ecosystem diversity, and forest biomass... This study identifies 38 endangered and rare plant species. Among them, 20 species in Vietnam Red Data Book 2007; 20 species belong to Decree No. 84/2021/ND-CP; 16 species belong to Appendix II of CITES (2024), and 4 species belong to IUCN (2024). Simultaneously, this study added summary information about the conservation status, life forms, geographical factors, and uses of 38 plant endangered and rare species in Me Linh Station for Biodiversity, Vinh Phuc province.

ЛАПЧАТКА МУЛДАШЕВА POTENTILLA MULDASCHEVII KNIAZ. ET SEMERIKOV (ROSACEAE) – НОВЫЙ ЭНДЕМИЧНЫЙ ВИД ФЛОРЫ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БАШКОРТОСТАН

of the Southern Urals, candidate of biological sciences, senior researcher at the laboratory of Geobotany and Plant Resources of the Ufa Institute of biology of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, honored ecologist of the Russian Federation Albert Akramovich Muldashev in connection with his 70th anniversary, which was celebrated on August 25, 2024. The species Potentilla muldaschevii Kniaz. et Semerikov (family Rosaceae) is a narrow-local endemic of the Southern Urals (Uchalinsky Uplands). This species was described in 2006 from the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB) by famous scientists from Yekaterinburg M.S. Knyazev and V.L. Semerikov [2006]. The species is included in the Red Data Book of the RB 3rd edition [2021] with the regional protection status: 1) rarity status category: 1 – endangered species; 2) endangered status category: endangered species (EN – Endangered); 3) conservation status: II priority (it is necessary to implement one or more special measures to preserve the species in the Southern Urals). This species is very rare. In the RB, the species is known from 3 points in the Uchalinsky district: the Maly Irendyk ridge west of the village Tungatarovo (locus classicus), ridges to the north and south of the village of Polyakovka [Knyazev, Semerikov, 2006; materials of the LE Herbarium and the SVER Herbarium; Red Data Book…, 2021]. In the Chelyabinsk region, the species is found on the limestone Ustinovskie cliffs along the right bank of the Miass River (Miass district) [materials of the CSUH Herbarium; Knyazev, Semerikov, 2006; Red Data Book…, 2017].

State of populations of rare bivalves of the genus Middendorffi naia (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in Primorsky Krai in 2024

Information on the distribution of large bivalves of the genus Middendorffi naia in Primorsky Krai has been clarifi ed. Both species of the genus are listed in the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation: Middendorffi naia mongolica (Middendorff , 1851) and M. sujfunensis Moskvicheva et Starobogatov, 1973. Currently known populations of these species are listed, along with an assessment of their condition. A reduction in the number and area of distribution of the species is demonstrated. The main threats and ways for the Middendorffi naia species conservation in Primorsky Krai are discussed.

Life with tigers: maintenance and breeding of the Amur tiger in the Primorsky Krai in 1990–2017

Between 1990 and 2017 the authors carried out breeding and studied the biology of the Amur tiger at a research station in the Gayvoron village, Primorsky Krai, Russia. Since 1994, tigers have been kept in enclosures. Avoiding close contacts, we studied the habits, relationships in the family group, reproduction processes, growth of tiger cubs and other aspects of the biology of the Amur tiger. The article outlines the history of these events and summarizes the experience of enclosure keeping and breeding of this endangered species, listed in all Red Data Books.

БИОРАЗНООБРАЗИЕ ПЕЧЕНОЧНИКОВ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОГО КАВКАЗА (В ПРЕДЕЛАХ КАБАРДИНО-БАЛКАРИИ)

It is known that the taxonomic diversity of liverworts in mountainous areas is characterized by high values. De- spite the considerable period of studies of this group in the Caucasus, in the Central Caucasus, and in particular in the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, the issues concerning the biodiversity of liverworts remain one of the less studied, rela- tive to other regions of the country. In this paper we analyzed the biotopic diversity of hepaticoflora of the Central Caucasus in the Elbrus and Tersk belt variants on the basis of literature data and herbarium material from the Insti- tute of Ecology of Mountain Territories named after A.K. Tembotov of the Russian Academy of Sciences. A.K. Tembotov RAS. In the Terek variant, sample collection sites: the vicinity of Nalchik (500 m), the vicinity of Belaya Rechka settlement (800 m), the vicinity of Karasu village (1200–1300 m), the area of Golubye Lakes (1000 m), and the Cherek-Bezenga gorge (2800 m). Collection and processing of herbarium material were carried out according to standard methods of studying mosses. The material for the Elbrus variant came from the Chegem Gorge (1100–1300 m), the National Park “Elbrusie” (NPP) near the Elbrus settlement, as well as from the Adyl-su, Irik-chat, Adyr-su gorges, the Narzan Glade area (1800–2600 m), and the northern slopes of Cheget (2700–3100 m). As a result of this work it was revealed that in the Elbrus variant of the belt the higher diversity of liverworts is observed in the conditions of the Adylsu Gorge, while in the Terek variant – Bezenghi Gorge. The lowest spe- cies diversity of hepaticoflora in the Elbrus variant is observed in the Irik-Chat Gorge, and in the Terek variant – in the vicinity of Nalchik. Protected species of liverworts included in the Red Data Book of KBR (2018) were recorded both in the Elbrus (6 species) and Terek variant (5 species) of the belt of the Central Caucasus. Frullania parvistipula, Cololejeunea calcarean, Isopaches decolorans, Liochlaena subulata were recorded in the protected areas of both variants. Scapania warty and Scapania swissiana are found only in the Elbrus variant (Irik-Chat Gorge), and Luunularia cruciformis is recorded only in the Terek variant of the belt.

РЕГИОНАЛЬНАЯ КРАСНАЯ КНИГА: НАУЧНЫЕ И ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ КРАСНОЙ КНИГИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БУРЯТИЯ)

Current deficiencies upon the regional Red Data Books producing have been considered. Especially, floristic, taxonomic, population-biology issues, as well as shortcomings in legislative regulation of Red Data Books prepara- tion are among them. The floristic issues are represented by findings and novelties in the flora composition discov- ered by both modern field studies and the herbaria stores revision. As a result, inclusion/exclusion of species in- to/from the Red Lists, or changing the protection status of a species can appear. The taxonomic aspects are repre- sented by the new species description, and taxonomic revision of known taxa. Obtaining the new data on the popula- tion status is an important criterion among the population-biology issues to assess rare and endangered species. In addition, concerns connected with the exhaustive use of resource plants, and the complications due to presence of an R-type component as part of the life strategy of the species are also emphasized. Special attention is paid to the insuf- ficiency of the existing regulatory framework when creating lists of regionally rare and endangered species, as well as those subject to protection throughout the whole Russia. In particular, the absence of the mechanism for such pro- cedure was noted, as well as the need for closer cooperation between biologists performing the assessment and selec- tion of species for protection at the federal level with biologists in the regions. Other legislative problems include: 1) the lack of uniform federal requirements for the procedure for maintaining regional Red Data Books; 2) various failures of legislation in terms of economic activities that cause damages of habitats of rare and endangered plant species, deterioration of their populations; 3) the lack of legislation providing the baseline for monitoring of popula- tions of rare and endangered plant species and, accordingly, the lack of stable financial support for such monitoring; 4) a crucial problem is the unacceptable practice of selecting organizations for the preparation of regional Red Data Books through the auctions, which leads to significant disorganization of work and, as a result, reduces or creates a risk of reducing the quality of the content of Red Data Books. It is noted that the existing regulatory and legislative shortcomings are the reasons for the formation of a shortage of scientific information about biological species subject to protection, which can lead to inaccurate estimates of the parameters of their populations and, as a result, generates risks of deterioration of their condition, up to the corresponding loss of biological diversity.

Species of Fungi Recommended in the Red Data Book of the Rostov Region on the Basis of the IUCN Criteria

Using the example of the preparation of the third edition of the Red data book of the Rostov Region (section Fungi), the experience of applying criteria developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature is presented. Until recently, the assessment of rarity and threats was carried out using traditionally accepted methods in Russia and often allowed for a significant degree of subjectivity. The IUCN criteria are based on quantitative assessments, which permit a more of accurate evaluation of species status and associated threats. The introduction of new assessment criteria frequently results in a notable revision of the lists of species proposed for protection, with the exclusion of a considerable number of species. The application of most criteria in relation to fungi is exceedingly challenging. Criterion B (geographical distribution: extent of occurrence and area of occupancy) is the most adequate, which allows to indirectly assess the degree of threat of extinction of the species in the territory under consideration. Since the IUCN criteria have been developed for assessment at the global level, it is necessary to develop clearer recommendations for work at the regional level regarding the assessment of the area of areal and habitat.

LINGKUNGAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN

The educational environment is not explained explicitly in the Qur'an, but there are several signs that indicate the existence of an educational environment. The family is the first educational environment in which children receive education. It is at this point in the family that the foundation of a child's personality is laid. School is a second environment that develops the environmental potential of children. School is an environment where students absorb academic values, including socializing with teachers and school friends. Society is an educational institution after family and school. The nuances of the various education that students receive in society cover all areas including the formation of habits, the formation of knowledge, attitudes, interests, as well as the formation of morality and religion. The natural environment is also used as a learning resource. This research uses a type of qualitative research with a library research approach with primary data sources, namely journals, articles and books related to discussions of the Islamic education environment. The results show that there are many verses in the Qur'an that explain the educational environment and classify them into three, namely: family educational environment, madrasa educational environment, and community educational environment. This educational environment is strongly correlated with each other to be able to develop human character according to Islam. Key words: Educational, environment, Al-Qur'an

First records of the firecrest (Regulus ignicapilla, Regulidae, Aves) from the northern slopes of the West Caucasus

This paper presents the results of a study of the distribution and abundance of the Firecrest (Regulus ignicapilla), a rare bird at the edge of its distribution range and listed in the Red Data Book of the Krasnodar Territory. Research was conducted from 2006 to 2023 in the West Caucasus. The total length of the expedition routes amounted to 8,885 km. Population counts were carried out over 2096 km of the routes. Since 2022, field detection of the species has become significantly improved through the use of audio playback recordings of the species. As a result, new breeding areas have been discovered on the northern macro slope in the vicinity of the Guzeripl ranger station in the Caucasian Strict Nature Reserve, in the Malaya Laba River valley, and in the Bolshoy Thach Nature Park, while the distribution in the Mzymta River valley has also been clarified. New wintering areas in the foothills of the Black Sea region and on the Kuban Plain are shown. These data have significantly expanded the known range of the Firecrest in the West Caucasus. New information has been obtained on the altitudinal distribution of the Firecrest, as well as its relationship with the Goldcrest (Regulus regulus). On the northern macro slope of the Main Caucasus Range, firecrests live alongside goldcrests across an altitudinal range of 880–1580 m above sea-level, while on the southern macro slope they coexist across a range of 840–1680 m above sea-level. At higher altitudes, only goldcrests occur. The new data on the distribution and population density make it possible to provide estimates of the current sizes of the populations in the Krasnodar Territory (3.9 thousand pairs), the Republic of Adygea (1.8 thousand pairs), Abkhazia (2.1 thousand pairs) and in the entire West Caucasus (7.8 thousand pairs).

Genetic structure of the population of Przewalski’s horse (Equus przewalskii) according to cytogenetic and ISSR markers

Background. Przewalski’s horse is included in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and the Red Data Book of Ukraine as an endangered species. To confirm the uniqueness and consolidation of rare animal species, cytogenetic and molecular genetic monitoring is necessary. Obtaining biological material (blood) for genetic research is preceded by immobilization of wild ungulates. The successful selection of drugs for the purpose of sedation and analgesia helps to preserve the life and health of the animal. Materials and Methods. Przewalski’s wild horse population (10 heads) of the F. E. Falz-Fein “Askania-Nova” biosphere reserve, immobilization of animals with the Madison drug and the Reverson antidote, cytogenetic and molecular genetic (ISSR-fingerprinting) analysis. Results. The effectiveness indicators of doses of Madison and Reverson were: in horses m = 200 kg – a dose of Madison 20 mL/head, immobilization after 22 min, in horses m = 300 kg, a dose of Madison – 25 mL/head, immobilization in 20–22 min. The Reverson antidote was applied in the following doses: animal m = 200 kg – a dose of Reverson 5–15 mL/goal, cessation of the sedative effect – 12 min; animal m = 300 kg – a dose of Reverson 5–15 mL/goal, cessation of the sedative effect – 18 min. Observation of the effect of the drugs did not reveal any negative side effects. Cytogenetic analysis determined the karyotype norm of somatic cells with 2n = 66 chromosomes. Genomic disorders, aneuploidy, accounted for 6.7%, polyploidy – 1.3 %. Structural violations (chromosomal and chromatid breaks) were not detected. The results of the micronucleus test: the share of lymphocytes with a micronucleus – 3.0 ‰, binuclear lymphocytes – 2.3 ‰, mitotic index – 7.7 ‰. Genetic indicators of the population of Przewalski’s horses according to ISSR markers: when using (GA)9C as a primer, microsatellite repeats of polymorphic loci were not found, and according to primer (GAG)6C – 50 % of polymorphic loci. The main indicators of genetic diversity, with the help of ISSR markers: the share of polymorphic loci was 25 %, the average gene diversity per locus – 0.39, the Shannon–Wiener information index – 2.5. Conclusions. No negative side effects occur when Madison and Reverson drugs are used to immobilize Przewalski’s horses. According to the results of cytogenetic analy­sis, the stability of the karyotype of the studied animals was established. The study of genetic polymorphism of the horse population by ISSR markers (AG)9C and (GAG)6C indicates a high degree of genetic consolidation. All tested animals are relatively safe according to the revealed intra-population genetic diversity.

<i>Chroodactylon ornatum</i> (C.Agardh) Basson (<i>Rhodophyta</i>, <i>Stylonematales</i>) in the flora of Ukraine: distribution, conservation and the data on a new locality

The article discusses data on distribution, ecology and conservation of the pseudofilamentous red alga Chroodactylon ornatum (C.Agardh) Basson (Stylonematales, Rhodophyta) in Ukraine. The article includes original microphotographs, morphological description, and data on the new locality (Miskyi Stav (City Pond), Ivano-Frankivsk), which is the sixth and westernmost recorded locality of the algae in freshwater bodies of Ukraine. The species has a very peculiar morphology, is characterized by a wide ecological amplitude, occurs in saline (marine), brackish and freshwater waterbodies and is included in the Red Data Book of Ukraine with the category "rare". The analysis of literature data on the species distribution within Ukraine confirmed the presence of at least 39 localities of C. ornatum. It is noted that the species is, on the one hand, very rare in freshwater environments and, it is common in marine communities along the Black Sea coast of Ukraine (with some findings in coastal estuaries and the Sea of Azov). This raises the question of the need for further detailed nomenclatural, taxonomic, and algosozological studies of freshwater populations of the species.

Buzzing Guardians: Protecting Pollinators in Agricultural Landscapes

In agriculture crop ecosystem, pollination is the foremost fundamental activity performed by fascinating creatures like bees, butterflies, hoverflies, birds and bats that ensures reproductive success in angiosperms. Currently, most of the pollinators are appearing in red data book as their population and abundance depleting in the ecosystem. Their extinction was driven by threats like habitat loss, climate change, urbanization, use of chemical pesticides, pest and diseases. Decline in pollinator population may pose a considerable decrease in global food production and productivity. Effective and efficient conservation strategies are the key elements to mitigate the threats faced by pollinators in the promotion of pollinator resilience. Here we explored a wide range of conservation strategies, which restores the pollinator habitat by following the sustainable agricultural practices, and some policy interventions. Public awareness and collaborative efforts among governments, NGOs, and the private sector are crucial for the successful implementation and adaptation of these conservation strategies. By acclimatizing an integrated, collaborative and convincing approach for pollinator conservation, we can assure and predict the sustainability and productivity of ecosystem, that eventually supports biodiversity and food security.

Новые сведения об агарикоидных грибах (Basidiomycota) национального парка «Койгородский» (Республика Коми, Россия)

The paper provides the data on 148 species of agaricoid basidiomycetes, first recorded in the territory of the Koygorodskiy National Park (Komi Republic, Russia), of which 31 species are new to the republic. New locations of four included in the Red Data Book of the Komi Republic species (Echinoderma echinaceum, Baeospora myriadophylla, Phyllotopsis nidulans, Ripartites tricholoma) are found. Desarmillaria ectypa, a species included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation, is registered for the first time for the region.

Habitats, Plant Diversity, and Molecular Phylogeny of Endemic Relic Species Incarvillea semiretschenskia (Bignoniaceae).

Incarvillea semiretschenskia (B. Fedtsch.) Grierson is listed in the Red Data Book of Kazakhstan as a rare relic, narrowly endemic species of the Shu-Ile low mountains (Kazakhstan). The aim of this research was to advance our knowledge of the ecological conditions of its habitats, the floristic composition of plant communities, and molecular phylogeny, as well as to identify threats to the species' existence. The ecological conditions of I. semiretschenskia habitats are rocky slopes and intermountain valleys of the low mountains in the altitude range from 812 to 1075 m asl with light chestnut mountain soils of little development, having a light granulometric composition and containing insignificant amounts of organic matter. We revealed 164 species of vascular plants in the communities of I. semiretschenskia, including five endemics and five species from the Red Data Book of Kazakhstan. Anthropogenic factors associated with grazing, fires, and limestone mining were identified as leading to a decrease in the number and density of populations. New insights into the relationship and time of diversification in the genus Incarvillea are gained through the use of several accessions of I. semiretschenskia and I. potaninii Batalin in the phylogenetic study. Preliminary fingerprint analysis shows relatively high genetic variability within populations of I. semiretschenskia. This unique relic species has survived since the Miocene epoch and exists to this day only in the Shu-Ile low mountains. To preserve this rare species, measures are proposed to create plant micro-reserves to provide ex situ collections and ensure future in situ restoration efforts.

ЕКОЛОГО-ЦЕНОТИЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ УГРУПОВАНЬ З УЧАСТЮ HYDROCOTYLE VULGARIS L. В УКРАЇНІ

An ecological and cenotic analysis of Hydrocotyle vulgaris, a rare sub-Atlantic species, which is in Ukraine on the eastern border of distribution and is listed in the Red Data Book of Ukraine, was carried out. The article presents data on the distribution of the species in Ukraine, obtained on the basis of personal data, literary materials and the database of the National Biodiversity Information Network (UkrBin). Six new localities of the species are presented. It was discovered that H. vulgaris occurs on the territory of four regions. It is most widespread on the territory of the Volyn and Lviv region. The locality in the Ternopil region should be considered as lost. For the first time, the locality on the territory of the Rivne Nature Reserve, which is currently the easternmost in Ukraine, is given. The phytocenotic peculiarities of the species on the territory of Ukraine and neighboring countries has been established. Types of vegetation with presence of the species were defined. According to the analysis of literary sources, the species is widespread on peat bogs, marshy meadows, in the zone of periodic flooding along the banks of mesotrophic reservoirs, on alder bogs with peaty, moderately acidic, silty sands. In general, the species was noted as part of 6 classes and 9 alliances, presented by woody, shrubby and herbaceous vegetation. Based on personal data, it was found that H. vulgaris occurs in communities of three classes, four alliances and four associations on the territory of Ukraine. The ecological and coenotic study of H. vulgaris made it possible to establish the peculiarities of the ecology of this species. It was established that the leading edaphic factors affecting the distribution of the species are humidity and soil composition. It is limited to nutrient-poor non-saline slightly acidic soils, mainly peaty or sandy. H. vulgaris belongs to the species that are affected by the changing water regime and is limited to places where temporary flooding is observed. It prefers habitats with reduced interspecific competition. Taking into account this feature, it is proposed to introduce regular mowing as a factor that prevents civilization of the territory and stimulates the vegetative renewal of the populations of the species. In tree and shrub communities, it is proposed to carry out selective felling. In order to preserve the populations of the species, it is also necessary to maintain the bare, well-moistened areas. In nearby agricultural lands it is necessary to avoid fertilizers.

<i>Najas tenuissima</i> (Hydrocharitaceae), a new species to the flora of Tyva

For the first time, information is provided about the presence of Najas tenuissima in the northeast of Tyva (Todzha District, Azas Lake), which significantly expands the knowledge on the species distribution in Russia. Najas tenuissima is a rare species listed in the “Red Data Book of the Russian Federation”. In Russia, its range is disjunctive; a few localities are known in the European part, the south of Central Siberia (Eastern Sayan: Tiberkul and Spasskoye Lakes) and in the Far East (Amur Region and Primorye Territory).

New records and an updated list of reptiles from Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam.

Thanh Hoa Province is located in North Central Vietnam and the Province contains a large area of 393,361.33 hectares of natural forest. A complexity of landforms has given this Province a high level of biodiversity potential. However, the reptile fauna of Thanh Hoa Province is still underestimated. Previous studies documented 111 species of reptiles from this Province. As a result of our field surveys in Pu Luong and Xuan Lien Nature Reserves, we report five species of reptiles for the first time from Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam, namely Plestiodontamdaoensis, Scincelladevorator (Scincidae), Elaphetaeniura, Pareasmacularius and Pseudoxenodonmacrops (Colubridae), with novel data about morphological characteristics. In addition, we provide an updated checklist of 116 species of reptiles from Thanh Hoa Province. The reptile fauna of Thanh Hoa Province also contains a number of species of conservation concern: 22 species listed in the Red Data Book of Vietnam, 22 species listed in the IUCN Red List, 18 species listed in the Vietnam Governmental Decree No. 84; and 21 species listed in CITES appendices.