Data Base Research Articles

PEMELIHARAAN KONSTRUKSI JALAN DENGAN METODE SDI

The Dawan-Pesinggahan Road section is one of the sections that has the status of a district road in Klungkung Regency. The Dawan Pesinggahan Road section is located in Dawan District, Dawan Village and Pesinggahan Village, which has a length of 3,300 km and an average width of 4.5 m. The Dawan – Pesinggahan Road section has existing conditions in 2021, namely 3,300 km in good condition, 0.9 km in moderate condition and there are conditions of light and heavy damage. In 2022, there will be a lot of road damage which will cause the condition of the road to decline and it is very necessary to assess the condition of the road so that we can find out what measures will be taken to restore road stability on the Dawan-Pesinggahan Road Section. Assessment of road conditions using the SDI method in Klungkung Regency was carried out on the Jl. Dawan – Stopover. The selection of this section as a sample was due to time constraints and the district road section used as a travel center in Klungkung Regency which needs to receive more attention through road management. Apart from that, the section used is a road section that visually has road damage. This research was carried out because there are still damaged roads that need to be treated quickly. This research aims to analyze road conditions, analyze the type of treatment and obtain costs for handling the road section. The data used in the research are primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained through a survey of road conditions by measuring road damage, while secondary data was obtained from the community development sector of the Klungkung Regency PUPRPKP Service, namely Klungkung Regency road decrees, Klungkung Regency road maps and basic Klungkung Regency road data. The research stages are, identifying road damage by taking measurements, data recapitulation by processing surveys, data analysis using the SDI method and estimating costs to repair the road. Assessment results for the Jl. Dawan – Pesinggahan Crocodile cracks at 13.54%, random cracks 18.71%, transverse cracks 17.06%, patches 14.66%, holes 12.03% and subsidence 13.24% and the estimated cost required to maintain this road section is IDR. 3,864,775,688.95

The Change Detection of Mangrove Forests Using Deep Learning with Medium-Resolution Satellite Imagery: A Case Study of Wunbaik Mangrove Forest in Myanmar

This paper presents the development of a U-Net model using four basic optical bands and SRTM data to analyze changes in mangrove forests from 1990 to 2024, with an emphasis on the impact of restoration programs. The model, which employed supervised learning for binary classification by fusing multi-temporal Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 imagery, achieved a superior accuracy of 99.73% for the 2020 image classification. It was applied to predict the long-term mangrove maps in Wunbaik Mangrove Forest (WMF) and to detect the changes at five-year intervals. The change detection results revealed significant changes in the mangrove forests, with 29.3% deforestation, 5.75% reforestation, and −224.52 ha/yr of annual rate of changes over 34 years. The large areas of mangrove forests have increased since 2010, primarily due to naturally recovered and artificially planted mangroves. Approximately 30% of the increased mangroves from 2015 to 2024 were attributed to mangrove plantations implemented by the government. This study contributes to developing a deep learning model with multi-temporal and multi-source imagery for long-term mangrove monitoring by providing accurate performance and valuable information for effective conservation strategies and restoration programs.

독거 중년 미혼남성의 외로움 경험에 관한 현상학적 연구

Objectives This study attempted to deeply understand the experiences and nature of loneliness formed by mid-dle-aged unmarried men living alone from childhood to middle age. Methods To this end, five unmarried men in their 40s and 50s were interviewed individually twice from January 2023 to June 2023 to collect data, and Giorgi's phenomenological research method was used to focus on the phe-nomena experienced by research participants. Results As a result of the study, six components and 18 sub-components were derived from ‘loneliness sprouted by childhood wounds’,‘ wandering and accumulating loneliness in puberty’, ‘struggle for sief-reliance and lone-liness’, ‘excitement and conflict and loneliness of finding a spouse’, ‘frustration and increasing loneliness in mar-riage’, ‘acceptance and overcoming loneliness and pain’. Conclusions This study is meaningful in that the essence of the loneliness experience of middle-aged single men living alone is that they have an insight into their own isolated life with distrust, avoidance, and dependence on others due to their parents' inappropriate parenting attitudes and parenting environment in childhood. As a result, it will serve as basic data for expanding a broad understanding of the complex phenomenon of loneliness by illumi-nating individual experiences and social contexts, and preparing single-person household policies for mid-dle-aged single men and measures to live alone in old age.

베이비부머의 사회적자본과 삶의 질의 관계에서 평생학습참여도의 매개효과

Objectives The purpose of this study was to establish counseling intervention strategies that can increase social capital and lifelong education participation of baby boomers in career education and career counseling sites, and to provide various basic data to improve quality of life. Methods For this purpose, 112 responses were received and analyzed through an online survey from October 8 to 15, 2023, targeting baby boomers (born between 1955 and 1963) living in the Daegu and Gyeongbuk regions. For the collected data, reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were conducted for each variable using the SPSS 23.0 statistical program, and the Sobel Test was conducted to analyze statistical significance. Results First, baby boomers social capital was found to have a significant positive effect on quality of life. Second, baby boomers social capital was found to have a positive effect on lifelong education participation. Third, baby boomers lifelong education participation was found to have a positive effect on quality of life. Fourth, lifelong edu-cation participation was found to mediate the relationship between baby boomers social capital and quality of life. Conclusions The results of this study show that in order to improve the quality of life of baby boomers, it is neces-sary to recognize the need for social capital and lifelong education and to develop and implement education and counseling programs that can provide systematic help.

가치교육에 대한 유아교사의 인식 및 실행과 요구

Objectives In this study, we examined early childhood teachers' perceptions of value education and explored the implementation of value education in early childhood education institutions, and explored demands for value edu-cation improvement. Methods For this purpose, from May 21 to August 5, 2023, a total of 20 individual interviews were conducted twice per person for 10 teachers in kindergartens and daycare centers in Seoul and Gyeonggi for 4~5 year olds, and researcher journals, research participants journals, and other data were collected and analyzed. Results Early childhood teachers’ perception of value education was divided into ‘education to create a foundation for behavior’, ‘education for forming the right personality’, and ‘essential education for living together’. Also, early childhood teachers' value education implementation was divided into ‘reading values i n play and daily life,’ ‘informing various values through value activities,’ ‘transmitting value through modeling,’ and ‘continuing value education with family.’. In addition, the demands for improving value education for early childhood teachers were divided into ‘activation of value understanding education for teachers,’, ‘support for value education implementation materials for young children’, ‘providing a place for communication between teachers to share value education ex-periences’, and “support for improving parents’ and society’s perception of value education.” Conclusions This study is meaningful in that it understood how early childhood teachers perceive value education, how they implement value education, what their needs to improving value education by exploring early childhood teachers' perception, implementation, and demands of value education. Through this, it is expected to be provided as basic data to understand the practical measures of early childhood teachers for early childhood value education and prepare support measures for more effective value education implementation.

유치원 교사와 어린이집 교사의 아토피 피부염 유아에 대한 인식과 지식 및 관리수준

Objectives This study aimed to determine the variation in the level of awareness and knowledge of young children with atopic dermatitis in kindergarten and nursery teachers and give basic data to support preschoolers in a healthy living environment. Methods A survey was conducted in 250 incumbent teachers at early childhood education centers in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province; then, with the exception of insincerely completed questionnaires, 226 copies went through frequency analysis, t-test, and one-way ANOVA using an SPSS 26.0 program. Results The main results of this study are as follows: First, both kindergarten and nursery teachers were poorly aware of young children with atopic dermatitis; both types of centers had homeroom teachers mostly take charge of guidance and management of young children with atopic dermatitis and generally accepted their parents' needs and wanted them to be trained and supported by external professionals. Second, kindergarten teachers had a be-low-average level of knowledge of young children with atopic dermatitis and an above-average level of relevant management. For nursery teachers, the knowledge was at the above-average level and the management was at a high level. Third, as for the differences in the level of knowledge and management of young children with atopic dermatitis between kindergarten and nursery teachers, both variables were at a higher level for the latter. Conclusions It is necessary to expand the target population of research into kindergarten-related infrastructures as well as nurseries and give teacher education about atopic dermatitis in diverse ways so that young children with atopic dermatitis can get positive support in a healthier environment.

The Fault Diagnosis Method for Photovoltaic Modules Based on Machine Learning

Based on the urban natural gas pipeline accident statistics and semi-quantitative risk evaluation index system, this paper applies Bayesian network to establish a network model between various types of risk factors and the risk of natural gas pipeline failure. The EM algorithm was used to learn from the statistical accident data to obtain the parameters of the model. Based on the principle of evidential reasoning in reverse, the probability of occurrence of all risk indicators can be obtained when the probability of occurrence of urban natural gas pipeline accidents is 100%, the index weight is obtained by normalizing the occurrence probability. On this basis, this paper develops an efficient urban natural gas pipeline integrity risk identification and management software. The software can realize the basic data management of urban natural gas pipeline system, pipeline relative risk value calculation, pipeline risk level calculation and other functions, and the results are visualized. Finally, the practicability and effectiveness of the model and software are verified by a case of natural gas pipeline evaluation in a block.

Factors Influencing Radiation Protection Behavior of Nurses in Intensive Care Units

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influence the behavior of intensive care unit (ICU) nurses regarding radiation protection, and to provide basic data to improve radiation protection educational programs. Methods : This descriptive research study included 143 nurses working in ICUs. Data were collected through a self-reported structured questionnaire and analyzed using t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Results : Radiation protection environment (<i>β</i>=.35, <i>p</i>=.001), radiation protection self-efficacy (<i>β</i>=.25, <i>p</i> =.002), type of hospital (<i>β</i>=-.25, <i>p</i>=.002) and experience in ICU (<i>β</i>=-.18, <i>p</i>= .022) affected the radiation protection behavior of ICU nurses. The total explanatory power of model was 60.0% (R<sup>2</sup>=.64, Adj. R<sub>2</sub>=.60, F=17.71, <i>p</i>＜.001). Conclusion : In order to enhance the standards of radiation protection behavior among intensive care unit nurses and improve radiation protection self-efficacy, educational and training programs should be developed. Additionally, administrative support should be considered to create environments with better radiation protection at the organizational level.

온라인 수업을 경험한 간호대학생의 학습몰입과 문제해결능력이 학업성취도에 미치는 영향

This study was conducted to determine the impact of learning immersion and problem-solving ability of nursing students who experienced online classes on academic achievement and to provide basic data for nursing education. Data collection for this study was conducted from April to May 2023 on 156 third and fourth-year nursing students from five universities in City B. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 26.0. As a result, there was a significant correlation between learning flow and problem-solving ability, and between learning flow and academic achievement, and problem-solving ability showed a significant correlation with academic achievement. In this study, factors influencing academic achievement include Among the satisfaction with college life, the satisfaction level was ‘satisfaction (β=-.232, p=.014)', ‘average (β=-.409, p<.001)’, ‘dissatisfied (β=-1.268, p<.001)’, and among the online class problems, ‘decreased concentration in class (β=-.236, p=.014)’ and problem-solving ability (β=.303, p<.001) were influential factors. Therefore, it is necessary to develop various curricula and programs to equip nursing students with problem-solving skills, provide them with a successful direction for academic achievement, and ensure a smooth college life.

직장 내 갑질과 이직의도와의 영향 관계에서 회복탄력성의 조절효과 연구 - 호텔 F&B 종사원을 중심으로

Objective : This study tested the moderating effect of resilience in the relationship between workplace incivility and turnover intention by targeting hotel F&B employees. Methods : This study conducted a survey using an online questionnaire from June 1 to June 30, 2024. Then, this study conducted an empirical analysis using the SPSS statistical program on a total of 252 subjects. Results : The analysis results are as follows:First, workplace incivility was found to have a significant effect on turnover intention. Second, resilience (self-regulation ability, interpersonal ability, and positivity) had a moderating effect in the relationship between workplace incivility and turnover intention. Implications : Based on these results, this study attempted to provide basic data for efficient human resource management operation in hotel companies.

IPA를 활용한 제주 향토음식점 선택속성의 중요도와 만족도에 관한 연구 - 제주 향토음식점 방문객을 대상으로

Objective : The purpose of this study is to provide basic data to foster local food on Jeju Island in response to increasing interest and comsumption of healty life after COVID-19. In addition, this study aimed to supplement the lack of research, which focused on Jeju Island and consumer perspectives, and provide strategic implications. Methods : For selection attributions, this study targeted consumers used local food restaurants on Jeju Island. In selection attributes which fits more with Jeju Island, this study conducted an in-depth interview with 3 experts. This study also used a total of 185(91%) copies for statistical analysis to conduct IPA analysis. Results : As a results of 31 selection attribute items, most of the items were distributes in the first and third quadrant. In addition, the price of the menu and convenience of the parking lot were placed in the second quadrant. Implications : This study holds academic value for deriving selection attributes that reflect regional characteristics through experts related to Jeju local food. “Food price” is expected to require future research and development to preserve local specialties and “convenience of parking facilities” is also expected to require the construction of additional parking towers and public parking lots.

구글 크롬 뮤직랩을 활용한 초등학교 예비 교원의 AI · 디지털 매체 역량 강화 방안 연구

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data to prospective elementary school teachers to strengthen their teaching and digital media utilization capabilities in the field of music creation using AI · digital media, and to help them research on improving the curriculum of pre-service elementary school teachers. Based on this, the 2022 revised music curriculum, and current music textbooks were analyzed and 4 sessions for pre-service elementary school teachers using Google Chrome Music Lab were developed. The significance of this study is that it presented a curriculum plan for pre-service elementary school teachers that focused on Google Chrome Music Lab among various AI · digital media for music education. It is also significant that the 2022 revised music curriculum, current textbooks, and achievement-based music creation were analyzed to consider the connection between digital media and the educational field. To make suggestions through this study, first, it is necessary to discover various cases of music teaching methods using AI · digital media. Second, music creation training using digital media should be actively conducted not only for pre-service teachers but also for teachers. Finally, it is necessary to create an educational environment with digital literacy in accordance with the changing times by sufficiently establishing AI · digital-related equipment in the educational field. It is hoped that this study will help improve elementary school music creation classes and pre-service teacher curriculum using AI · digital media.

음악교육에서의 AI 리터러시 역량 요소 탐색

This study examines the direction of AI literacy education in music education in the context where the concept of AI literacy is being discussed and the necessity of AI education is being emphasized. To this end, the conceptual meaning and competency elements of AI literacy were reviewed through literature analysis on AI literacy, and the AI literacy competency elements required for music education were derived. The AI literacy competencies in music education were proposed as follows: first, expanding musical perspective and insight through understanding AI, second, expressive and communicative ability through AI, third, creative and convergent media utilization through AI learning experience, and fourth, AI ethics competency that can responsibly and ethically utilize AI tools in various music activities. The AI literacy competency elements suggest directions on what content and level should be focused on when including AI in music classes, and the significance of this study can be found in that it provided basic data for understanding the essential 'AI literacy’ technology and its contents required in music education.

베이커리카페에 대한 경험가치가 브랜드연상과 충성도에 미치는 영향

Objective : The purpose of this study is to provide a theoretical basis for improving management performance in the future by providing useful data for securing loyal customers for sustainable management and providing basic data for establishing differentiated marketing strategies. Methods : This study conducted an online survey in August 2024 to collect data, adopted a total of 301 questionnaires, and analyzed them as effective samples Then, this study used SPSS Statistics 23.0 to conduct frequency analysis, factor analysis, trust analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Results : According to hypothesis test results, it was found that the experience value had a positive and significant influence on brand association and loyalty. In addition, brand association had a positive and significant influence on loyalty. Implications : The brand association and experience value for bakery cafes significantly affected the attitude and behaviorial loyalty, and it suggests that building a strong brand association is important to secure loyal customers for sustainable management and provide various experience values to customers.

영유아교사의 자아존중감 전문성 인식이, 놀이교수효능감에 미치는 영향

Objectives The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact on play teaching efficacy of early childhood teach-ers’ self-esteem and expertise awareness. Methods The survey target was one hundred twenty-nine early childhood teachers in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. Cronbach Coefficient was calculated to test reliability of the survey questionnaires for the collected data, and Pearson’s Ratio Correlation Analysis was applied to perceive the relationship among early childhood teachers’ self-esteem, expertise awareness, and play teaching efficacy. Multiple Regression Analysis implemented to see the impact on play teaching efficacy of early childhood teachers’ self-esteem and expertise awareness. Results First, there was significant static correlation in between early childhood teachers’ self-esteem and ex-pertise awareness. Second, only the teachers’ expertise awareness showed as the meaningful static predictor in the impact on play teaching efficacy of early childhood teachers’ self-esteem and expertise awareness. These re-sults mean that the play teaching efficacy is proportional to the level of expertise awareness. Upon analyzing sub-factors, the self-esteem and expertise awareness, and the only expertise awareness are presented as the significant predictors of the play teaching efficacy and the expectation about play teaching result respectively. Conclusions This study would provide a basic data to develop the program for enhancing early childhood teachers’ play teaching efficacy.

대학생의 지각된 진로장벽이 진로결정수준에 미치는 영향에서 진로성숙도의 매개효과

Objectives The purpose of this study was to verify the structural relationship between college students' perceived career barriers, career maturity, and career decision level, and the mediating effect of career maturity on the im-pact of perceived career barriers on career decision level. Methods For this purpose, 358 college students nationwide were selected as research subjects. A survey was conducted with the independent variables of perceived career barriers, mediating variables of career maturity, and career decision level selected as dependent variables. And the collected data were subjected to reliability ver-ification, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, path analysis, and bootstrap ver-ification using SPSS 26.0 & AMOS 18.0 programs to derive research results. Results The relationship between perceived career barriers, career decision level, and career maturity was found to be appropriate, and perceived career barriers and career maturity were found to be important variables in career decision level. In addition, career maturity was found to have a direct and indirect effect in the impact of psycho-logical career barriers on the career decision level, and career maturity was found to have an indirect effect in the impact of environmental career barriers on the career decision level. Conclusions The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, it was confirmed that career maturity plays a medi-ating variable in the impact of college students' perceived career barriers on their career decision level. Second, the validity of this study was supported by the need to examine the concepts separately rather than integrating career barriers to explore career decision levels. Third,It is expected that college students experiencing perceived career barriers will be able to use it as basic data to understand the level of career decision by exploring the path of career planning and selection for each task.

‘한국 동요 새노래 지도’경험 탐색: 우즈베키스탄 예비유아교사들을 중심으로

The purpose of this study is to improve students' Korean language and deliver advanced Korean music education to pre-service early childhood teachers in Uzbekistan through ‘the new-song learning activities of Korean children's songs’. 65 students in the Department of Early Childhood Education at Ferghana Korea International University in Uzbekistan were targeted. Starting in September 2023, 15 weeks of ‘the new-song-learning activities of Korean children’s songs’ classes were applied. As a result of the study, interest in the Korean language are increased, Korean was difficult for TOPIK preparation.. However, speaking Korean through song lyrics is a fun everyday English. the basic composition of music was learned through the scale of Korean Children’s songs, and an integrated approach was naturally learned through physical movement activities. It is significant in that it has prepared basic data for research on Korean language classes (bilingual classes) through Korean children's song lyrics and children's music teaching and learning methods in Uzbekistan, which is envious of advanced Korean education.

Needs Analysis for the Development of a Hospital-Based Trauma Treatment Protocol for Firefighters

This study aimed to provide basic data to develop a hospital-based trauma treatment protocol for firefighters by analyzing the perceptions, treatment experiences, self-care practices, and trauma-related needs of 1,057 Seoul firefighters. The results showed that 96.3% of the respondents recognized the high risk of trauma, such as PTSD, owing to the nature of their job, and 45.1% reported experiencing trauma related to their firefighting duties. However, only 25.8% of the respondents received professional treatment. Additionally, 55.5% of the respondents expressed a willingness to participate in intensive treatment programs, and 83.5% indicated a need for treatment interventions tailored specific to firefighters. These respondents preferred personalized treatment, lasting 3 to 6 months, involving psychiatrists. This study provides important recommendations for developing treatment programs that reflect the trauma experiences and perceptions of firefighters and are expected to contribute to improving their mental health and well-being.

The modified Baveno classification for obstructive sleep apnoea - Development and evaluation based on the ESADA database.

The "Baveno classification" replaced the apnoea hypopnoea index (AHI) with symptoms and comorbidities for treatment indication in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). This study evaluates a modified Baveno classification which adds a validated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk score and acknowledges severe breathing disturbances. OSA patients from the European Sleep Apnoea Data Base (ESADA) were retrospectively allocated into CVD risk groups 1-3 based on SCORE-2 and the ESC guidelines. AHI ≥30 /h conferred strong treatment indication. When AHI was <30/h, symptoms and CVD risk dictated allocation to weak, intermediate or strong treatment indication group. Change in Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and office systolic blood pressure (SBP) at follow-up (12-24 months) under positive airway pressure (PAP) were assessed. 8625 patients were analysed (29% female, age 56 [49;64] years, BMI 31.9 [28.4;36.3] kg·m-2). Treatment indication was weak in 501 (6%), intermediate in 2085 (24%) and strong in 6039 (70%). There was a continuous increase in age, SBP, C-reactive protein and glycosylated haemoglobin from weak to strong (p<0.001). PAP prescription increased from 52% to 64% to 93% (weak to strong, p<0.001). The change in ESS score was -2, -4 and -5, respectively (p<0.001). Reductions of ≥3 mmHg of median SBP occurred when AHI was ≥30/h and in symptomatic patients with CVD risk levels>1 when AHI was <30/h. This analysis provides supporting evidence for the key role of CVD risk assessment and severe breathing disturbances in the identification of OSA patients most likely to benefit from treatment.

Regulation of Cultivation Temperature on Biomass and Activity of Bifidobacterium breve B2798

Bifidobacterium is among the dominant flora in the healthy intestine of the human body. It has many probiotic effects such as lowering cholesterol, inhibiting tumors, and regulating immunity. However, fluctuations in culture conditions during cultivation will lead to a decrease in the number of active bacteria. Therefore, more precise control of culture conditions is required to reduce the activity damage caused by environmental fluctuations. Based on this, this study utilized a fully automatic intelligent fermentation tank to develop a cultivation technique suitable for improving the activity and biomass of Bifidobacterium breve B2798. The results show that, under a cultivation temperature of 38.0 °C, the highest viable cell count, which is (2.56 ± 0.04) × 1010 CFU/mL, can be achieved in the culture medium, with the conclusion that the fermentation endpoint should be controlled at the end period of bacteria logarithmic growth when there is the highest viable cell count and bacterial activity in the culture medium. This study has elucidated the influences of different temperatures on the biomass, viable cell count, and activity of Bifidobacterium breve B2798, providing basic data for the later development of industrialized processing techniques for this bacteria strain.