Data Analysis Process Research Articles

Delegating care as a double-edged sword for quality of nursing care: a qualitative study

BackgroundConsidering the significance of care delegation in enhancing the quality of nursing care and ensuring patient safety, it is imperative to explore nurses’ experiences in this domain. As such, this study aimed to explore the experiences of Iranian nurses regarding the delegation of care.MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted between 2022 and 2023, employing the content analysis method with a conventional approach. The study utilized purposeful sampling method to select qualified participants. Data collection was carried out through in-depth and semi-structured interviews utilizing open-ended questions. The data analysis process followed the steps proposed by Graneheim and Lundman (2004) and involved the use of MAXQDA version 12 software. To ensure the trustworthiness of the data, the study employed the four rigor indices outlined by Lincoln and Guba (1985).ResultsIn the present study, a total of 15 interviews were conducted with 12 participants, the majority of whom were women. The age range of the participants fell between 25 and 40 years. Through qualitative data analysis, eight subcategories and three main categories of “insourcing of care”, “outsourcing of care” and “delegating of care to non-professionals” were identified. Additionally, the overarching theme that emerged from the analysis was “delegation of care, a double-edged sword”.ConclusionsThe results of the study revealed that the delegation of care occurred through three distinct avenues: to colleagues within the same unit, to colleagues in other units, and to non-professionals. Delegating care was found to have potential benefits, such as reducing the nursing workload and fostering teamwork. However, it was also observed that in certain instances, delegation was not only unhelpful but also led to missed nursing care. Therefore, it is crucial to adhere to standardized principles when delegating care to ensure the maintenance of high-quality nursing care.

The Effect of Work Engagement and Burnout to Retail Employee Performance

The purpose of this study was to determine how work engagement and burnout affect the performance of retail employees in this study using quantitative research methods, with a total of 350 respondents who are store employees of one of the retail organizations in Jabodetabek. Data collection is done offline by distributing questionnaires and using online methods via google form. The data analysis process uses Jamovi 2.4 software and uses multiple linear regression analysis methods. Based on the research results, it is known that (1) Work engagement has no effect on employee performance, (2) Burnout has a positive effect on employee performance, (3) Work engagement and burnout positively affect employee performance by 31.5%.

Visual and Textual Interfaces in Design Research

Art and design creative techniques are increasingly used in educational and social sciences research as means to complement narrative qualitative research methodologies. Less known is the means by which interior design and visual arts students may use collage, concept maps or other artful visual tools when analysing the narrative in research. This paper demonstrates how artful methods can be combined with more traditional qualitative methodologies to uncover meaning in research texts or during the data analysis process. The authors show how both the phenomenon used and the method applied to data analysis offers a creative way to allow for meaning to emerge, while situating the research firmly in a phenomenological perspective of lived experience of the researcher through a collaborative conversation. Two visual examples are presented to demonstrate the phenomenon, and the discussion situates the usefulness of this type of research inquiry method.

Increased Nurses' Understanding of Nursing Documentation Based Electronic Health Record (EHR) Through Training

Understanding nurses in the nursing documentation system influences nursing behaviour in documenting nursing care. Innovation and awareness of the importance of using technology can also improve the quality of nursing care. Electronic Health Record (EHR) facilitates nurses to improve work efficiency and generate more time to improve the quality of care services. In addition, aims to maintain the security and confidentiality of patient data. This study aimed to determine nurses' understanding before and after being given training on nursing documentation and EHR. The research design used pre-experimental. The sample of this study was the head of the room and the team leader, totalling 45 respondents. This activity integrates several methods, including lectures, brainstorming, and case simulations in documenting nursing care. Nurses' comprehension was measured before and after training using questionnaires. The process of data analysis using the Wilcoxon signed rank test obtained p-value of 0.000 < 0.005. Nurses' understanding has improved compared to before the training. Continuous training on and monitoring evaluation of documentation accuracy will improve the quality of nursing care documentation.

Clinical nursing competency during epidemics: a qualitative content analysis

BackgroundNurses are on the frontline for managing epidemic diseases. Different aspects of clinical nursing competencies during epidemics are important issues that need investigation.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the required clinical competencies for nurses during epidemics. Understanding these competencies could provide valuable information for health care services and nursing education organizations to prepare nurses for future epidemics.MethodsThe qualitative conventional content analysis study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 12 nurses that were actively engaged in providing patient care during COVID-19 pandemic in Shahid Beheshti hospital in Kashan/Iran, from October 2022 to March 2023. The data analysis process was conducted according to 5 steps suggested by Graneheim and Lundman.ResultsAfter analysis, the 159 competencies were derived from interviews that were categorized to 11 subcategories, and three categories of clinical nursing skills in epidemics, knowledge of epidemics, and soft skills for nurses in epidemics.ConclusionNurses need wide range of competencies to address the professional expectations regarding providing acceptable care during epidemics. Knowing these competencies can help nursing managers to prepare nurses for crisis such as what world experienced during COVID-19 pandemic.

Efektifitas Manajemen Kesiswaan Melalui OSIM dalam Membentuk Karakter Disiplin Siswi

This research aims to describe and analyze student management through osim in shaping the disciplined character of female students which was carried out at Madrasah Diniyah Darul Lughah Wal Karomah Kraksaan Probolinggo, East Java. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. This method is a type of research that describes aspects that form the context of the research. Monitor and present the actual situation that occurs in the field regarding student management at Madrasah Diniyah. The data analysis process is carried out by collecting data and simplifying it according to needs so that it becomes important points in the research, then the researcher analyzes the data by discarding data that is not needed. This research obtained data directly from the research subjects, namely the head of Madrasah Diniyah, head of Madin student affairs, and head of Osim. In the form of interview results, seeing the situation directly (observation), and documentation. The results of the research show that student management through osim is very effective in shaping the disciplined character of Madrasah Diniyah Darullughah Wal Karomah students. By carrying out routine planning, implementation and evaluation.

Accelerating spliced alignment of long RNA sequencing reads using parallel maximal exact match retrieval

The genomics landscape has undergone a revolutionary transformation with the emergence of third-generation sequencing technologies. Fueled by the exponential surge in sequencing data, there is an urgent demand for accurate and rapid algorithms to effectively handle this burgeoning influx. Under such circumstances, we developed a parallelized, yet accuracy-lossless algorithm for maximal exact match (MEM) retrieval to strategically address the computational bottleneck of uLTRA, a leading spliced alignment algorithm known for its precision in handling long RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) reads. The design of the algorithm incorporates a multi-threaded strategy, enabling the concurrent processing of multiple reads simultaneously. Additionally, we implemented the serialization of index required for MEM retrieval to facilitate its reuse, resulting in accelerated startup for practical tasks. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our parallel algorithm achieves significant improvements in runtime, speedup, throughput, and memory usage. When applied to the largest human dataset, the algorithm achieves an impressive speedup of 10.78 × , significantly improving throughput on a large scale. Moreover, the integration of the parallel MEM retrieval algorithm into the uLTRA pipeline introduces a dual-layered parallel capability, consistently yielding a speedup of 4.99 × compared to the multi-process and single-threaded execution of uLTRA. The thorough analysis of experimental results underscores the adept utilization of parallel processing capabilities and its advantageous performance in handling large datasets. This study provides a showcase of parallelized strategies for MEM retrieval within the context of spliced alignment algorithm, effectively facilitating the process of RNA-seq data analysis. The code is available at https://github.com/RongxingWong/AcceleratingSplicedAlignment.

"Growth under pressure": The Experience of COVID-19 ICU Nurses - A Qualitative Study.

As an epidemic, COVID-19 has brought a new shock to the world's healthcare system. The crisis caused by this disease and the prolonged involvement of communities and healthcare systems have intensified the duties and psychological burden of nurses. The current study aimed to explain the experience of ICU nurses during the COVID-19 crisis. The present study was conducted using conventional content analysis in 2021. Twenty nurses of the COVID-19 ICU of Ahvaz hospitals were selected by purposive sampling. The main method of data collection was semistructured interview. The process of data analysis was done based on Granheim and Lundman's approach using MAXQDA-2020. For the scientific rigor of the findings, Guba and Lincoln's four criteria were abided by. The COREQ (Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research) checklist was used to ensure the study met the recommended standards of qualitative data reporting. After data analysis, 22 subcategories, eight categories, and one theme (growth under pressure) were extracted. The eight main categories included (psychological crisis, physical exhaustion, family conflicts, complex care, professional development, expertise, life enrichment, and full support). Despite the pressures that ICU nurses faced during the COVID-19 pandemic, they were able to grow by benefiting from positive experiences. These findings can lead to the development and implementation of effective interventions to improve adaptation strategies of nurses, especially those working in the intensive care unit, during the COVID-19 and other future crises.

Athletic Trainers' Beliefs Regarding Professionalism.

Limited research exists regarding athletic trainers' (ATs') perceptions of professionalism. To explore the lived experiences of ATs and their perceptions of professionalism. Qualitative study. Participants were ATs who completed a semistructured interview protocol via audio-only recording conferencing. Seventeen participants (age = 33 ± 8 years; range = 25-56 years) who were certified ATs with an average of 10 years of experience (SD = ±8; range = 1-33 years) were interviewed. Individuals self-identified their interest in participating in a follow-up interview recruitment located within a survey. Interviews occurred until saturation was met and included a variety of participants. Demographic information was gathered from the survey for each person. All transcripts were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded using a 3-person coding team following the consensual qualitative research protocol. Member checking, auditing, and triangulation established trustworthiness and credibility in the data-analysis process. A total of 4 domains with supporting categories were identified. Athletic trainers spoke of the employee environment that affected perceptions of what was determined to be professional, specifically in various settings or situations. They shared their personal determination of outward appearance and expression when differentiating what was deemed professional, including references to cleanliness, judgment of self-expression, and implicit bias. Whether intentional or unintentional, participants made comments that demonstrated a bias toward sex or race and ethnicity when determining outward appearance appropriateness. They noted various cultural awareness situations, including progression of perceptions over time, external pressure, and internal dialog. Respondents shared discourse regarding an internal struggle of what was right and wrong in their responses. They discussed professionalism based on the provider's conduct, mainly in terms of communication and patient care. Participants shared that communication occurring through both verbal and nonverbal means is vital to the perceptions of professionalism for ATs. Current views of professionalism in athletic training were shaped by various lived experiences. With the movement toward athletic training becoming more diverse, equitable, and inclusive, antiquated professionalism ideals need to shift to provide a better work environment for all.

AI-Assisted Diagnostics in Dentistry: An Eye-Tracking Study on User Behavior.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has increasingly been integrated into dental practices, notably in radiographic imaging like Orthopantomograms (OPGs), transforming diagnostic protocols. Eye tracking technology offers a method to understand how dentists' visual attention may differ between conventional and AI-assisted diagnostics, but its integration into daily clinical practice is challenged by the cost and complexity of traditional systems. Thirty experienced practitioners and dental students participated to evaluate the effectiveness of two low-budget eye-tracking systems, including the Peye Tracker (Eye Tracking Systems LTD, Southsea, UK) and Webgazer.js (Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island) in a clinical setting to assess their utility in capturing dentists' visual engagement with OPGs. The hardware and software setup, environmental conditions, and the process for eye-tracking data collection and analysis are illustrated. The study found significant differences in eye-tracking accuracy between the two systems, with Webgazer.js showing higher accuracy compared to Peye Tracker (p<0.001). Additionally, the influence of visual aids (glasses vs. contact lenses) on the performance of eye-tracking systems revealed significant differences for both Peye Tracker (p<0.05) and Webgazer.js (p<0.05). Low-budget eye-tracking devices present challenges in achieving the desired accuracy for analyzing dentists' visual attention in clinical practice, highlighting the need for continued innovation and improvement in this technology. Key words:Artificial intelligence, Eye-tracking device, low-budget, dentistry.

POEM "RUANG HIJAU" BY NATASHA RIZKY AND EMOTIONAL EXPRESSION: THE PSYCHOLOGY OF LITERATURE STUDY

Poetry is one of the literary works whose emotional expression is sometimes difficult to understand. The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression of emotion and its meaning in the poem "Ruang Hijau" by Natasha Rizky. This research implements a descriptive-qualitative paradigm type. Data was obtained from a book entitled "Kamu Tidak Istimewa." This book was written by Natasha Rizky herself. Published by Elex Media Komputindo. The data was obtained by copying and documenting it in a research draft. The process of data analysis in this study involves analysis involving data texts and in-depth analysis of each data text, followed by status analysis. The data text of the book was carefully read line by line to find the essence of each narrative by numbering each line. The results show that this poem contains only two emotional expressions, namely the emotional expressions of sadness and fear. While the expressions of joy, courage, and anger are not found in the poem, Expressions of sadness mean that sadness, pain, and fatigue are experienced. Expressions of fear mean weakness in the face of pressure, while the narrative of struggle symbolizes her hope for help. It also has the meaning of loneliness and longing for help from others.

Teachers' technological literacy for ICT integration to implement competence-based curriculum in public secondary schools in Tanzania

This study investigated teachers’ understanding of ICT integration in implementing a competence-based curriculum (CBC) among public secondary schools. Interviews and focus group discussions were used to collect the data from 139 teachers, academic teachers and the head teachers. Simple random and purposive sampling was used to obtain participants. The thematic analysis covers the whole process of data analysis. The study findings revealed that most teachers are aware of the Education and Training Policy and ICT Policy. However, they could not link their teaching practices in the classroom to meet policy goals, 85% of teachers did not integrate ICT as a pedagogical tool in their teaching and learning process, most teachers did not use online assessment, and the most used ICT devices were smartphones, computers and laptops. The study found that most teachers understand the benefit of ICT in implementing a competence-based curriculum. The study recommends aligning our policies and practices, especially in real school environments.

Innovation in Preschool and Early School Education

The importance of innovation in early childhood learning emphasizes the need for a responsive approach to local cultural riches and values. The local wisdom approach emerges as a promising paradigm, creating space for innovation that has a positive impact on learning management. The aim of this research is to describe, analyze and offer learning innovation solutions through a local wisdom approach in a management context. The research method used is literature study, through collecting library data originating from articles, journals, electronic books and relevant document data related to the research focus. The data analysis process was carried out using descriptive methods to analyze the material collected. The research results show that innovative learning with local wisdom creates an interesting learning environment and supports children's development by enriching their experience of local values ​​and traditions. Innovative activities include learning methods, creative management, material development, and local community empowerment.

Implementation of Generic Skills in Life Skills Subjects For Teachers of Postgraduate Diploma Programme in Education (PDPP) IPTHO Batu Pahat

Generic skills play an important role in the context of the teaching and learning process in the school environment. Involving aspects such as communication, teaming, problem-solving, and interpersonal skills, generic proficiency comprehensively covers various aspects of learning. The successful application of these generic skills can make a significant contribution to learner development in many areas of life. This research specifically focuses on the effectiveness of the application of generic skills in the context of teaching and learning skills. A total of 30 'Contract Of Service' (CoS) teachers in the Postgraduate Diploma Programme in Education (PDPP) at Institut Perguruan Tun Hussein Onn Batu Pahat (IPTHO) were respondents in this study. They are skills (RBT) teachers, providing a strong foundation for the understanding and development of generic skills. In data collection, the study used a questionnaire instrument containing 45 question items specifically designed to answer three main problems. The reliability of the instrument was tested with an Alpha value of 0.896, indicating good reliability. The data analysis process uses SPSS 14.0 (Statistical Package for Social Science, SPSS for Windows) to obtain percentage, frequency, and minimum values. The results showed that the application of various types of generic skills and the way they were applied by teachers received a high level of assessment. Responses to support factors also received high ratings, indicating significant support for the application of generic skills in the learning process. Based on these findings, the researchers proposed a number of proposals to improve the application of generic skills in Integrated Life Skills subjects in schools, in the hope of providing a stronger and more supportive foundation for the development of generic skills at that educational level.

대학원 수업실행과 학술연구 분석에서의 ChatGPT 활용 사례연구

Objectives This study explored the potential use of ChatGPT in the teaching and learning aspects of a graduate course and reviewed its function as an analytical tool for qualitative and quantitative data collected through the course operations. Methods In this study, 21 graduate students used ChatGPT to generate questions while reviewing academic journal articles as part of their coursework. The study conducted formative and summative evaluations of the course and analyzed the collected data on the use of ChatGPT among graduate students using ChatGPT-4. Results The analysis indicated that the use of ChatGPT was helpful in deepening the understanding of academic journal articles. However, errors were encountered in the data analysis process using ChatGPT, necessitating the researcher to review and correct the outcomes derived from ChatGPT. Nevertheless, it is expected that such errors will decrease over time with advancements in generative AI technology and improvement in users' prompt construction skills. Conclusions This study investigates the current use of ChatGPT in education and academic research and provides insights into the effectiveness and improvement strategies for incorporating ChatGPT in higher education and scholarly research, serving as a case study of ChatGPT's application in graduate courses and academic research.

Examination of Quality Implementation Management for Institutions with Accreditation: An Analysis Study

Examination of Quality Implementation Management for Institutions with Accreditation: An Analysis Study

EVOLUTION OF PRE-SERVICE MATHEMATICS TEACHERS’ SPATIAL VISUALISATION SKILLS DURING A COGNITIVE LOAD THEORY-BASED EDUCATION

This study explores how pre-service mathematics teachers’ spatial visualisation skills evolved during a Cognitive Load Theory (CLT) based education. The study used the qualitative theory-testing case study method, which guided the identification of participants, the design of technology-supported education, and the data collection and analysis process. The four participants meeting specific criteria were selected as the study sample. A CLT-based education equipped with technology was provided to help participants overcome difficulties in spatial visualisation problems, improve their existing schemas, and build higher-order schemas. Various teaching approaches (e.g., worked examples) were applied to optimise participants’ learning in CLT-based education. The study data (e.g., transcripts of interviews) were analysed using the pattern-matching technique, in which the observed patterns were compared with the derived hypotheses from the theoretic models regarding the problem-solving process and novice-expert schemas. The study achieved remarkable results: In CLT-based education, where teaching approaches have an important role, the improvement in their spatial visualisation skills happened as the participants overcame their challenges in problem-solving steps throughout their cyclic problem-solving processes and gained more knowledge and skills. The participants’ acquisition of expertise in spatial visualisation skills went through various developmental stages. They strengthened their initial spatial problem-solving schemas by completing the deficiencies in their prior knowledge. They gained practicality in same-category tasks and constructed higher-order problem-solving schemas when dealing with high-category tasks by activating their assimilation and adaptation processes. Keywords: Cognitive Load Theory, the development of spatial visualisation skills, theory-testing method, acquiring an expert spatial problem-solving schema

The Emergence and Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Biotechnology

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed many fields, including biotechnology. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has played a critical role in altering research, drug development, genetic analysis, customized treatment, and other fields. The purpose of this review article is to investigate the numerous uses of AI in biotechnology, focusing on its impact on accelerating scientific advancement, improving data analysis, and driving innovation in the field. Method: Various AI approaches and methodologies used in biotechnology will be explored, including machine learning, deep learning, natural language processing, and picture identification. Results: This essay will also address important problems, future potential and ethical concerns regarding the use of AI in biotechnology. Conclusion: The integration of AI in biotechnology has redefined research paradigms, data analysis, and decision-making processes.

ANALISIS KESULITAN SISWA KELAS VIII DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL SISTEM PERSAMAAN LINEAR DUA VARIABEL

This study examines the challenges faced by eighth-grade students at State Junior High School 1 Lahusa in solving systems of linear equations with two variables. This study aims to elucidate the challenges faced by students in solving systems of linear equations with two variables. This study is qualitative and employs a descriptive methodology. The participants in this study were 24 eighth-grade students from SMP Negeri 1 Lahusa. Data analysis process include data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Interviews and tests are data collection procedures that are used. The research findings indicate that 25% of students struggle with idea generation, 50% have difficulty understanding the topic, and 25% find it challenging to do calculations. The challenges arise from students' lack of accurate understanding of problem-solving strategies and skills. Conclusively, 8th-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Lahusa have the greatest challenge in understanding issues. This study suggests that teachers' instructional design should aim to provide a question-and-answer forum to address students' challenges.

Teachers’ Challenges in EFL Classroom Management

Every teacher who teaches a foreign language must have challenges in teaching and managing the classroom. The objectives of this study are: (1) To find out the English teachers’ challenges in English classroom management at SMA Insan Cendekia Syech Yusuf. (2) To describe the strategies used by teachers to solve the challenges in English classroom management at SMA Insan Cendekia Syech Yusuf. The subjects of this study were three teachers who taught English subjects at SMA Insan Cendekia Syech Yusuf. This research used a qualitative method. The instruments that the researcher employed were documentation, interviews, and observation. The researcher applied Miles et al.'s theory—data reduction, data display, conclusion drafting, and verification—to the data analysis process. The study's findings suggest that: (1) Teachers have difficulties when instructing pupils in English, including inadequate vocabulary acquisition, insufficient exposure to the language, psychological issues, linguistic difficulties, and low proficiency. (2) Teachers used several strategies to overcome the challenges they faced, such as the Determination Strategy, Group Discussion Strategy, and Communication Strategy. It appears that there are still a lot of difficulties in controlling and instructing English in the classroom when it comes to some of these issues. Therefore, in order to create a safe and comfortable learning environment where learning proceeds without problems teachers must employ a variety of teaching strategies in addition to appropriate classroom management techniques.