Data Analysis Phase Research Articles

A Descriptive Study on Students’ Difficulties in Learning Vocabulary at the Eighth Grade of SMP Negeri 5 Natar

Vocabulary is one of the components of mastering English as a foreign language. Before students study English skills, they should learn about vocabulary as the first step. Based on the preliminary research, showed that the students still faced difficulties in learning vocabulary namely not knowing the meaning of words, not knowing how to pronounce words, and the written words and how to pronounce the words are not the same. This research only focused on students' difficulties in learning vocabulary and factors that cause students' difficulties in learning vocabulary. Descriptive qualitative research design was employed in this research. Purposive sampling was used in this research. The eighth grade of E was taken as a sample because they had lower scores in vocabulary than other classes. The researcher used questionnaires and interviews to collect the data. The questionnaire was used to find out students’ difficulties in learning vocabulary and the interview was used to find out the factors that cause students’ difficulties in learning vocabulary. The three major phases of data analysis are data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. After analyzing the data, the results of the questionnaire showed that there were three difficulties for students in learning vocabulary. The difficulty faced by the students in learning vocabulary was the pronunciation, grammar, and meaning. Based on the students’ interviews, there are three difficulties factors in learning vocabulary. The difficulty factors faced by the students in learning vocabulary was students reluctant to open dictionaries, students less motivation, and students have difficulty concentrating

Integrating the SDGs into the agenda of an Argentine university

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the incorporation of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) at the National University of Moreno (Universidad Nacional de Moreno, UNM, in Spanish), focusing on teaching and research activities, encountering difficulties from primary and secondary information sources, to integrate the SDGs, and contribute with actions for their incorporation into teaching and learning processes and research, in a newly established university.Design/methodology/approachTo describe the implementation of the SDGs, an empirical study was conducted using a mixed methodology for data collection. Data collected from the survey were combined with information from the UNM project database for the period 2017–2022. Non-parametric methods were used to analyse both sets of data.FindingsThis study provides an initial overview of SDG implementation at UNM, allowing the identification of constraints and challenges to scale up contributions to the SDGs at UNM, as well as the generation of relevant action lines in the interaction with university's authorities.Research limitations/implicationsConducting studies through questionnaires has limitations, similar to other cases analysed. To increase the validity of the data, prior consultations were carried out. In addition, the database of research projects was used to identify the application of the SDGs in research. However, an approximation of the current situation could be obtained.Practical implicationsParticular importance was given to the challenges encountered during the data analysis phase in relation to capacity building needs. This enabled a set of actions to be defined to bring the SDGs closer to the UNM.Originality/valueAlthough the paper used methodologies already proposed by other authors, such as survey collection, its value lies in demonstrating the possibility of using them to analyse whether the SDGs are integrated into teaching and research activities in a recently founded university, where the SDGs are integrated into its principles. The analysis also complements the survey results with information from project databases, which has not yet been analysed in the literature. Based on the results, activities are designed so that the SDGs could begin to guide teaching and research activities.

Inequitable Community Reciprocity in the Kalomba Tradition in Indonesia

This research aims to analyze and describe the unequal social reciprocity in the kalomba tradition, the implications and sustainability of the kalomba tradition. This research was conducted in Tanah Towa Village, Kajang District, Bulukumba Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Tanah Towa Village was chosen because the kalomba tradition is still strongly maintained and implemented as a traditional obligation and this tradition is specifically found in Kajang District. This research uses a qualitative approach with an ethnographic strategy. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation as well as the use of field notes (field log). Data sources, in the form of person, place and paper. The person group consists of: (i) elements of village government, (ii) administrators of village community institutions; and (iii) community elements who are directly involved in the Kalomba traditional procession, including community leaders, religious leaders, traditional leaders, and residents who live outside the village, but still have kinship relations with the residents of Tanah Towa Village. Place group through observation by looking closely at the traditional Kalomba procession and specifically observing the Massolo tradition. Paper group by tracing documents, such as Kalomba party permits, records of the number of invitations, records of attendees, records of costs for holding the Kalomba, records of the number of passolo. Data analysis was carried out through the Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) Software Program, to assist during the data processing and analysis phases as well as writing research reports. The research results show that unequal exchange occurs because there is competition to give passolo more than what has been received before, especially passolo from close family because they want to get praise and increase their social status in society. Passolo which exceeds tens of millions of rupiah has psychological, social, economic and cultural implications. However, the Kalomba tradition remains sustainable because it is a traditional obligation, social solidarity and mutual help within the village community.

Multi-Business Policy Model for The Economic Development: A Case of Communities around Forests in Indonesia

This research attempts to investigate, assess and test the key factor influencing the economic growth of communities around forests in Indonesia. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, integrating both qualitative and quantitative techniques. Qualitative data was gathered through in-depth interviews with managers of Indonesian forest management firms, complemented by observations and documentation. The subsequent phases of data analysis involved data reduction, visualization, and verification. Quantitative data were gathered via a survey questionnaire completed by 100 managers of Indonesian forest management organizations, which were then analyzed using partial least squares (PLS). The research identified several qualitative factors that are necessary for the communities surrounding forests in Indonesia, including a multi-business policy and sustainable forest management. The quantitative research results prove that Multi Business Policy positively affects Economic Development of Community around Forests, Multi Business Policy positively affects Sustainable Forest Management, Sustainable Forest Management positively affects Economic Development of Community around Forests, and Sustainable Forest Management mediates the relationship between Multi Business Policy to Economic Development of Community around Forests. Policies and regulations regarding market certainty and sales of the results of multi-community businesses are needed which are guaranteed by the government.

Developing a Tool for Assessing Perceived Parental Socialization of Emotions in Adolescents and Young Adults.

Parenting practices have been described as the practices employed by a parent and the parent-child communication, with the focus on raising a child in the best possible manner while instilling cultural,ethical, and personal values. One similar yet different construct that holds significance in the development of a child is parental socialization of emotion. Parental socialization of emotion is the interaction between the parents and child regarding the emotional experience of the child. This has been considered an essential marker of the development of the emotional and social competence of an individual. There are several scales in the aspect of parenting practices. However, scales for parental socialization of emotionespecially considering the perception of adolescents and young adults have yet to fully be explored. The aim of the study is to establish a comprehensive tool that enables the measurement of perceived parental socialization of emotion (PPSE). The process of tool construction, data collection, and analysis was done in five phases that included reviewing existing tools and identification of domains (Phase 1); generation of an item pool (Phase 2); content validity, face validity, and inter-rater reliability (Phase 3); finalization of the tool for data collection (Phase 4); and data collection and analysis (Phase 5). The study for tool construction included participants from ages 13-28 years representing adolescents and young adults from schools and colleges located in New Delhi, India, as well as Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India. The research designused was a cross-sectional design, and the data were collected through purposive sampling, including males (N = 337) and females (N = 424). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to check the factorability and for item reduction. The results aided in reducing the number of items from 160 to 46 including the process of content validity, inter-rater reliability, item-total statistic, and factor loading of EFA. The factors above the eigenvalue of 3 were retained whileitems above the factor loading of 0.50 were taken into consideration. A good Cronbach's alpha coefficientof 0.88 for the overall tool was established, with 0.89, 0.84, and 0.87 for the domains Awareness, Acceptance, and Coaching, respectively. The scale constructed includes both the positive and negative emotions of an individual and tries to understand the perspective of the receiver of the parenting practice. The study helps in understanding the phenomenon of PPSE, which might also aid in creating awareness regarding efficient parenting practices.

Reflections on the Collaborative Story Analysis Method to Understand Qualitative Perspectives of Indigenous Syringe Services Program Clients

Many scholars have cautioned that the use of Western research methods is problematic in studies with Indigenous communities given colonialist histories that have exploited Indigenous populations. One solution has been to utilize a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) approach to enhance equity in research partnerships. Employing a CBPR approach, however, does not necessitate the inclusion of Indigenous Research Methods, an additional step that can further benefit studies with their explicit alignment with Indigenous worldviews and values. In a CBPR project aiming to understand Indigenous harm reduction clients' perspectives of barriers and facilitators to opioid use disorder treatment, our research group assembled a multidisciplinary qualitative data analysis team that included diverse tribal community members and academics. Sparse literature was available to guide the use of Indigenous Research Methods for the qualitative data analysis phase of the research. To address this gap, the aims of this process paper are: (1) to describe the implementation of the Collaborative Story Analysis method, and (2) in the Indigenous tradition of honoring and sharing stories, describe our analysis team's experiences and perceptions of implementing this Indigenous Research Method. Through a series of process discussions, the analysis team found that applying the Collaborative Story Analysis method: (1) honored relationships and story, (2) strengthened the depth of analysis, and (3) exhibited tensions when working in a dominant Western culture. Through sharing our team's experiences, the aspiration is that others can use these insights in their own consideration and implementation of an Indigenous Research Method for qualitative data analysis.

Examining the Relationship Between Individual Innovativeness and Positive Future Expectation Levels of Physical Education Teacher Candidates

This study aimed to examine the effect of teacher candidates' individual innovativeness levels on their positive future expectations. A total of 412 teacher candidates, 194 women and 218 men, studying at sports science faculties of universities in Ankara, participated in the research. “Personal Information Form”, “Individual Innovativeness Scale” and “Positive Future Expectation Scale” were used in the data collection process. During the data analysis phase, Independent Samples T test, One Way ANOVA analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis were used in the SPSS 25.0 program. The research found that the individual innovativeness levels and positive future expectations of the teacher candidates were above the medium level. It was found that the individual innovativeness levels and positive expectations of teacher candidates differ according to the type of university (public, private) and the class they study in (p <0.05). It was observed that there was a positive relationship between the individual innovativeness level and positive future expectation among the teacher candidates participating in the research (p<0.05), and it was also determined that the individual innovativeness level positively affected the positive future expectation (pz0.05). As a result, it can be said that the high level of individual innovativeness in teacher candidates is a factor that increases positive future expectations.

Investigating college students' green food consumption intentions in China: integrating the Theory of Planned Behavior and Norm Activation Theory

IntroductionThe global trend toward consuming green food is on the rise. College students, as the future consumer base, have sparked significant interest in their inclination toward consuming environmentally-friendly foods. This paper integrates the Theory of Planned Behavior with the Norm Activation Theory to investigate the factors influencing college students' propensity to choose green foods, establishing a comprehensive model.MethodsThis study utilized online and paper questionnaires for data collection, distributing them among college students and receiving 350 valid responses. In the data analysis phase, SPSS was employed for statistical data analysis, including descriptive statistics and regression analysis, while AMOS was used for structural equation modeling.Results and discussionThe data analysis results indicate that subjective norms, behavioral attitudes, and individual norms have a significant positive influence on college students' inclination to purchase green food. Purchase intention is indirectly influenced by personal norms and behavioral attitudes through perceptions of consequences. Responsibility attribution indirectly impacts purchase intention of green food through personal norms. Personal norms are indirectly influenced by responsibility attribution through perceptions of consequences.

A Comprehensive Study of Walmart Sales Predictions Using Time Series Analysis

This article presents a comprehensive study of sales predictions using time series analysis, focusing on a case study of Walmart sales data. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of various time series forecasting techniques in predicting weekly sales data for Walmart stores. Leveraging a dataset from Kaggle comprising weekly sales data from various Walmart stores around the United States, this study explores the effectiveness of time series analysis in forecasting future sales trends. Various time series analysis techniques, including Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Seasonal Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA), Prophet, Exponential Smoothing, and Gaussian Processes, are applied to model and forecast Walmart sales data. By comparing the performance of these models, the study seeks to identify the most accurate and reliable methods for forecasting retail sales, thereby providing valuable insights for improving sales predictions in the retail sector. The study includes an extensive exploratory data analysis (EDA) phase to preprocess the data, detect outliers, and visualize sales trends over time. Additionally, the article discusses the partitioning of data into training and testing sets for model evaluation. Performance metrics such as Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) are utilized to compare the accuracy of different time series models. The results indicate that Gaussian Processes outperform other models in terms of accuracy, with an RMSE of 34,116.09 and an MAE of 25,495.72, significantly lower than the other models evaluated. For comparison, ARIMA and SARIMA models both yielded an RMSE of 555,502.2 and an MAE of 462,767.3, while the Prophet model showed an RMSE of 567,509.2 and an MAE of 474,990.8. Exponential Smoothing also performed well with an RMSE of 555,081.7 and an MAE of 464,110.5. These findings suggest the potential of Gaussian Processes for accurate sales forecasting. However, the study also highlights the strengths and weaknesses of each forecasting methodology, emphasizing the need for further research to refine existing techniques and explore novel modeling approaches. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of time series analysis in retail sales forecasting and provides insights for improving future forecasting endeavors.

Development of Interactive Learning Media Using the Lectora Application to Enhance Student’s Critical and Creative Thinking Skills

The Development of Interactive Learning Media in the 2013 Curriculum is a government effort to ensure that students have 21st-century skills. The goal of the conducted research is to develop valid interactive learning media on the topic of Newton's Law of Gravity. A field study revealed that students' critical and creative thinking skills in Newton's Law of Gravity were still low. Therefore, the existing problem was addressed by producing a product in the form of integrated learning media that fostered critical and creative thinking skills for high school students. The research conducted followed the Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, which was reduced to the Implementation stage. Three Physics lecturers from the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Education at State University of Padang (UNP) were involved in this research as validators, along with six Physics teachers from Padang City as practitioners. Validity test sheets were used as the data collection instrument in this research. During the data analysis phase, instrument validation and product validation were performed using the V Aiken Model Technique. The research results showed that the validated development instrument for the product category was valid. The average validity test score for the product was 0.79, which falls into the valid category. Therefore, it can be concluded that the interactive learning media developed in this study is considered valid.

The quality of qualitative research

In this contribution, we discuss criteria for the quality of qualitative research. We consider reliability and validity as specifications of the comprehensive requirement for ‘intersubjective replicability’, with which qualitative research...

Towards an understanding of the digital transformation of facility management in healthcare: perspectives from practice

PurposeFacility management (FM) in healthcare is an organisational function that provides non-medical activities, ensuring operational functionality of critical health infrastructure. FM leaders are under pressure to implement the digital transformation, confronted with a highly complex and challenging operational environment. However, the current scope and understanding of the digital transformation in FM is rather limited, with a strong focus on technology. This perspective is inadequate to realise a digital transformation in healthcare organisations and requires a new framework. To ensure the practical applicability, a clearer depiction on how FM practitioners in the field, currently understand the digital transformation, is necessary.Design/methodology/approachA sequential exploratory mixed-methods design was chosen with a qualitative data collection and quantitative data analysis phase. A total of 23 semi-structured research interviews with professionals from FM in healthcare in Switzerland were carried out. Topic modeling was used to analyse, identify and cluster topics.FindingsIn total, nine distinct digital transformation topics were generated: ‘addressing future organisational and people needs’, ‘end-user-oriented processes’, ‘digitalisation management vs. digital tools’, ‘major organisational change’, ‘information exchange and work culture’, ‘digital systems’, ‘pressure’, ‘company-wide strategy’ and ‘management support and communication involving non-medical support services’. The findings indicate that FM practitioners perceive the digital transformation beyond the purely technological viewpoint, although they lack the know-how and instruments necessary to implement the digital transformation.Originality/valueThis study employs an innovative research design, resulting in foundational insights on how FM in healthcare perceives the digital transformation. As such, the study expands the notion on what the digital transformation means for the FM field.

Development and validation of the Vaccine Barriers Assessment Tool for identifying drivers of under-vaccination in children under five years in Australia

ABSTRACT Data on routine childhood vaccination coverage can only tell us who is under-vaccinated; it cannot explain why vaccine coverage is low. Collecting data on the reasons behind under-vaccination is necessary to implement cost-effective strategies that address key barriers and target interventions appropriately. However, no instruments that measure both vaccine acceptance and access factors among parents of children <5 y have been validated in high-income countries. This study aims to develop and validate the Vaccine Barriers Assessment Tool (VBAT) for Australia. We applied three phases of mixed methods data collection and analysis. In Phase 1, we developed a comprehensive list of 80 items reflecting all potential parental barriers to childhood vaccination, derived from published literature and behavioral theory. Through cognitive interviews (n = 28), we refined this list to 45 items. In Phase 2, we conducted a two-wave online survey to test the reliability and validity of these items in an Australian sample of parents (n = 532) with structural equation modeling, further refining the list to 35 items. In Phase 3, we conducted a final parent survey (n = 156), administering these items along with the Parent Attitudes toward Childhood Vaccination (PACV) scale for comparison. We reviewed participants’ immunization register data to assess the predictive validity of the proposed models. The final 6-item short form and 15-item long form Vaccine Barriers Assessment Tool assess access, communal benefit, personal risk, equity, commitment, social norms, and trust in health-care workers. It is being applied for national surveillance in Australia and will be adapted for additional populations and vaccines.

ANALISIS MISKONSEPSI SISWA PADA MATERI EKSPONEN BERDASARKAN KEMAMPUAN MATEMATIKA SISWA

Mathematics consists of concepts that are systematically structured where concepts are interrelated. The ability of the student to understand concepts also greatly affects the learning process of teaching them. One of the obstacles to embedding mathematical concepts is that not all students can understand the concepts well. Students often experience an understanding of concepts that deviate from the concepts of scientists. (miskonsepsi). This study aims to analyze the types and causes of misconceptions on exponent material in class X MAN 2 Hulu Middle River. This research approach uses qualitative research with types of descriptive research. Subject selection based on students' high, medium, and low abilities. Data collection techniques are done with tests, interviews, and documentation. The phases of data analysis according to Milles and Huberman are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. As for data validity testing using triangulation techniques. The results of misconception analysis in class X MAN 2 Hulu Sungai Tengah on the exponent material pointed out that the misconception type of high-skilled students suffer from misconcept type of rule error, the skilled students are suffering from sign and letter-understanding malconceptions, and the students with low literacy suffer generalization, sign, rule mistake, and letter understanding malconception. The causes of misconceptions that occur in exponent material are misguided intuitive thinking, incomplete reasoning, and low student learning ability and interest

Identification of Dendrobium Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy in Combination with a Multivariate Algorithm Model.

Dendrobium, a highly effective traditional Chinese medicinal herb, exhibits significant variations in efficacy and price among different varieties. Therefore, achieving an efficient classification of Dendrobium is crucial. However, most of the existing identification methods for Dendrobium make it difficult to simultaneously achieve both non-destructiveness and high efficiency, making it challenging to truly meet the needs of industrial production. In this study, we combined Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) with multivariate models to classify 10 varieties of Dendrobium. LIBS spectral data for each Dendrobium variety were collected from three circular medicinal blocks. During the data analysis phase, multivariate models to classify different Dendrobium varieties first preprocess the LIBS spectral data using Gaussian filtering and stacked correlation coefficient feature selection. Subsequently, the constructed fusion model is utilized for classification. The results demonstrate that the classification accuracy of 10 Dendrobium varieties reached 100%. Compared to Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), our method improved classification accuracy by 14%, 20%, and 20%, respectively. Additionally, it outperforms three models (SVM, RF, and KNN) with added Principal Component Analysis (PCA) by 10%, 10%, and 17%. This fully validates the excellent performance of our classification method. Finally, visualization analysis of the entire research process based on t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) technology further enhances the interpretability of the model. This study, by combining LIBS and machine learning technologies, achieves efficient classification of Dendrobium, providing a feasible solution for the identification of Dendrobium and even traditional Chinese medicinal herbs.

Using machine‐learning methods in meta‐analyses: An empirical application on consumer acceptance of meat alternatives

AbstractMeta‐analyses are widely used in various academic fields, including applied economics. However, the high labor intensity involved in paper searching and small sample sizes remain two dominant limiting factors. We conducted a meta‐analysis of studies on consumer preferences for plant‐based and lab‐grown meat alternatives using machine‐learning techniques at both the data collection and the data analysis phases. We demonstrated that machine learning reduces the workload in the manual title‐abstract screen phase by 69% accounting for 24% of total workload in data collection. We also found that machine learning improves out‐of‐sample of sample prediction accuracy by 48–78 percentage points when compared to econometric model. Notably, we showed that integrating machine learning can also improve the predictive performance of econometric methods, thereby improving their out‐of‐sample predictions. Our empirical findings further revealed that demand for meat alternatives is higher among younger consumers, especially when the products displayed benefit information.

Services for a sustainable lifestyle targeting Generation Z

This research proposes a service design named "Retrend" with the purpose of promoting sustainable lifestyles by assisting Generation Z users in discovering vintage clothing within their local communities. Through desk research and interview methods for data collection, interviews were conducted with subjects to clarify the daily life needs of Generation Z users. During the data analysis phase, this study generated three personas while examining the users' requirements. In the development stage, user journey maps and user flows were implemented and tested to identify timelines from both customer and buyer perspectives. Finally, prototypes were constructed and subjected to low-fidelity and high-fidelity testing to assess their feasibility. The findings drawn from this research indicate that Retrend effectively caters to users' motivation for purchasing eco-friendly clothes aligned with their ethical values. The Retrend service enables personalized experiences, enhances trust and transparency, guides sustainable consumption behavior, and provides an improved service experience. The practical implications lie in the fact that Retrend service can advocate for a healthy and environmentally-friendly lifestyle by providing people with various environmental knowledge and skills, monitoring real-time environmental conditions, offering social functions so that individuals can better understand the cause of environmental protection and actively participate in it, thereby jointly promoting environmental development.

Analysis of Consumer Buying Behavior for Beauty Brands in Amravati City

This research report sought to understand the process by which consumers select cosmetic products. In order to gather information for this study, which was carried out in Amravati City, 100 respondents were surveyed. The personal care industry has enormous unrealized potential and is vital to the country's economy. One of the biggest consumer industries in the nation is the personal care industry. Large companies have established themselves in this market over the past few years as a result of the Indian consumer's rising purchasing power and disposable income, which has driven the industry's phenomenal growth. During the data analysis phase, it was discovered that the majority of respondents were female and that the majority of them had purchased beauty items to apply on their faces. It was discovered that the majority of respondents had chosen different brands of cosmetics and it was discovered that the price aspect was what drove consumers to purchase their cosmetic items. It was observed that the Permanent Store was where the responders were buying their cosmetics. To increase sales, the business should concentrate on serving housewives and professionals and draw in more customers, the company should expand its line of male beauty products, boost the amount of herbal ingredients, and run aggressive advertisements including celebrity endorsements. A corporation should evaluate its historical financial performance and develop marketing and business plans to strengthen its brand and expand its market segments in accordance with consumer demands. Thus, this study contributes to our understanding of the constantly shifting preferences and buying habits of the female market for beauty products. We can therefore conclude that in order to encourage female clients to purchase beauty products, retailers need specifically target them.

'It's Powerful'The impact of involving children and young people in developing paediatric research agendas: A qualitative interview study.

There is a growing consensus that children and young people (CYP) should be involved in matters that concern them. Progress is made in involving CYP in developing pediatric research agendas (PRAs), although the impact of their involvement remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the impact of involving CYP in developing PRAs and assess the extent to which postpatient and public involvement (post-PPI) activities were planned. We conducted a qualitative study using in-depth interviews to identify and gain an in-depth understanding of the impact of involving CYP in developing PRAs. The transcripts were uploaded to Atlas.ti to be coded and organised. Dutch-language interviews were analysed and interpreted together with vocational education and training (VET) students. These students were aged between 14 and 18 years and were training to become nurses. Three CYP and 15 researchers decided to participate. We focused on three categories of impact: agenda-setting impact, individualimpact and academic impact. Involving CYP creates a more enriched and clarified agenda. It ensured that both CYP and researchers underwent personal or professional growth and development, it created a connection between the people involved, awareness about the importance of involving CYPand it ensured that the people involved had a positive experience. The participants were unable to indicate the academic impact of their PRAs, but they did understand the key factors for creating it. In addition, the need to measure impact was highlighted, with a particular focus on assessing individual impact. Our study outlines the diverse subthemes of impact that arise from involving CYP in developing PRAs. Despite the potential of research agendas to amplify CYP voices, only a minority of researchers strategized post-PPI activities ensuring impactful outcomes, prompting the need for thorough evaluation of various impact forms and consistent alignment with the overarching goal of transforming the research field. We involved VET students in the data analysis and interpretation phase by forming a young person advisory group. The data analysis of the interviews analysed by the VET students revealed four distinct themes: 1. Learnt new knowledge. 2. Learnt to collaborate. 3. Learnt to listen. 4. Assessment of the individual impact.

Retention Reimagined: Participatory Action and Positive Deviancy for University Student Success

About half of U.S. university students who start their degrees never finish — higher education retention is a pressing problem that has remained stagnant since the 1960s. This article highlights strategies for conducting research on undergraduate retention done by and with undergraduates themselves. This article’s context is a participatory action research project that encompassed the creation of informative videos, paper resource guides, an innovative app, and a comprehensive video-making training course, all designed to empower students in navigating the complexities of college life effectively. We highlight the importance of prior research methods training for undergraduates and offer methods for seamlessly integrating such training into existing educational structures. To address the sensitivity of student retention issues, we introduce a positive deviancy framework as a valuable perspective. Furthermore, we stress the significance of increased participation during the data analysis phase of participatory research, advocating for hybrid, in-person, and online approaches. The article also reflects on the political and ethical challenges associated with conducting participatory research in higher education, drawing insights from existing literature and our own experiences.