Data Access Layer Research Articles

Creation of a pharmacogenomics patient portal complementary to an existing institutional provider-facing clinical decision support system.

BackgroundApplied pharmacogenomics presents opportunities for improving patient care through precision medicine, particularly when paired with appropriate clinical decision support (CDS). However, a lack of patient resources for understanding pharmacogenomic test results may hinder shared decision-making and patient confidence in treatment. We sought to create a patient pharmacogenomics education and results delivery platform complementary to a CDS system to facilitate further research on the relevance of patient education to pharmacogenomics.MethodsWe conceptualized a model that extended the data access layer of an existing institutional CDS tool to allow for the pairing of decision supports offered to providers with patient-oriented summaries at the same level of phenotypic specificity. We built a two-part system consisting of a secure portal for patient use and an administrative dashboard for patient summary creation. The system was built in an ASP.NET and AngularJS architecture, and all data was housed in a HIPAA-compliant data center, with PHI secure in transit and at rest.ResultsThe YourPGx Patient Portal was deployed on the institutional network in June 2019. Fifty-eight unique patient portal summaries have been written so far, which can provide over 4500 results modules to the pilot population of 544 patients. Patient behavior on the portal is being logged for further research.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first automated system designed and deployed to provide detailed, personalized patient pharmacogenomics education complementary to a clinical decision support system. Future work will expand upon this system to allow for telemedicine and patient notification of new or updated results.

Research on an Adaptive Heterogeneous Database Middleware and Visualization Technology

In order to improve the efficiency of MIS development based on heterogeneous data sources, an adaptive heterogeneous database middleware and key visualization technology are proposed to realize the automatic creation of data access layers through visualization operations on the basis of heterogeneous databases. This research focused on the general access mode of various data sources in middleware, the interface of data and operation mapping between entity classes and object-oriented virtual heterogeneous databases, the associated interface technology between associated entity classes and corresponding data tables, the interface technology of cross-table and cross-database operation, the algorithm model for optimizing data access, the visualized operation interface, with the purpose is to provide a universal, powerful and easy-to-use middleware for the development of WEB-based MIS software. It will enable program developers to complete the development of data access layers (library building, entity class creation, data access operation method establishment, etc.) through simple visualized operations, and generate program code for the data access layer, which will greatly reduce the development workload and time of the MIS software in this procedure and improve the efficiency of software development.

Design of Information Security Access System in the Power Grid Based on Improved Bayesian Algorithm

Aiming at the problems existing in the traditional power grid information security access system, such as poor data processing timeliness, low recall rate and low information filtering accuracy, a power grid information security access system based on improved Bayesian algorithm is proposed. In the part of hardware design, the data source layer, data acquisition layer, data access layer, data storage layer, bus layer, application support layer and application layer are designed from bottom to top according to the idea of layered design, and the application support suite and main function modules of the system are developed. In the part of software design, the traditional Bayesian algorithm is improved, and the improved algorithm is used to construct the internal information filter of the power grid, which is applied in the information security access system to realize the security access of the internal information of the power grid. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional system, the information security access system based on improved Bayesian algorithm has better data processing timeliness, higher recall rate and higher information filtering accuracy, and its application advantages are more obvious.

Refactoring Legacy Software for Layer Separation

One of the main aims in the layered software architecture is to divide the code into different layers so that each layer contains related modules and serves its upper layers. Although layered software architecture is matured now; many legacy information systems do not benefit from the advantages of this architecture and their code for the process/business and data access are mostly in a single layer. In many legacy systems, due to the integration of the code in one layer, changes to the software and its maintenance are mostly difficult. In addition, the big size of a single layer causes the load concentration and turns the server into a bottleneck where all requests must be executed on it. In order to eliminate these deficiencies, this paper presents a refactoring mechanism for the automatic separation of the business and data access layers by detecting the data access code based on a series of patterns in the input code and transferring it to a new layer. For this purpose, we introduce a code scanner which detects the target points based on these patterns and hence automatically makes the changes required for the layered architecture. According to the experimental evaluation results, the performance of the system is increased for the layer separated software using the proposed approach. Furthermore, it is examined that the application of the proposed approach provides additional benefits considering the qualitative criteria such as loosely coupling and tightly coherency.

Research and Application of “Internet+” Intelligent Heating System for Central Heating

At present, China's central heating industry is developing rapidly. It is an important direction for the transformation and upgrading of the energy industry to use the advantages of advanced information and communication technology and platform to promote the intelligent energy production, promote the interconnection of various types of energy flow network and the coordinated transformation of various energy forms. In the framework of the era of industrial of Things, the introduction of Internet + technology helps to improve the production, operation, management and service level of central heating system from the system engineering level. The Internet + intelligent heating system in the field of central heating integrates heating physical system and information system deeply, forming a new application mode of digital twin. It takes source -- heat network -- heat station -- user heat transfer as the main line and adopts B/S architecture. It consists of data perception layer, data acquisition layer, data access layer, business logic layer, presentation layer and terminal access layer. In a Internet + intelligent heating platform demonstration construction applications, through the construction of entire network hydraulic balance analysis, the source network integration of collaborative scheduling, energy consumption statistics and analysis, management fees management, customer service management subsystem module, such as the heating index to reduce energy consumption, operating cost savings, improve work efficiency and service quality improvement has made significant achievements.

Fuzzy rules based efficient event-driven simulation of blockchain-based applications

Decentralized application (DAPP), replacing traditional business logic and data access layer with block chain, is a new form of Internet service. Testing DAPP requires large-scale distributed systems. Performing experiments in a real system is costly and difficult. This article carefully analyses the process of block generation and synchronization and explains the reasons for the low efficiency of block chain system simulation. We incorporate fuzzy rule based model for enhancing the logging system in blockchain. Rules based on fuzzy are utilized inside system of fuzzy logic to obtain outcome on basis of input variables. The data of Ethereum and Bitcoin proves that the block generation interval conforms to the exponential distribution, and the real PoW calculation can be replaced with random numbers. Both block verification and network propagation processes have latency, which can be simulated with asynchronous messaging. Based on the above analysis, this article proposes a high-performance simulation method based on event-driven model, which is suitable for describing the communication and synchronization behave our of block chain networks. The method can effectively describe the block generation, the synchronization process between nodes, and supports different equity proof forms. Using this method, the performance of the PoW systemis tested. Under the ecs.c6.xlargeinstance,the simulation running speed reaches 782 times of actual system. Further experiments show that this method can be efficiently used in larger-scale networks and is an effective tool for DAPP developing and testing.

Design of cancer classification and visualization platform based on Internet big data

With the development of Internet technology, Internet technology is widely used in the medical industry. Based on the medical Internet big data, using visualization, data mining and other technologies, combined with distributed crawler, HTTP data transmission technology, vue2 front-end framework and the application of visualization technology, this paper completed the development and design of the analysis platform based on the internet medical big data. From the three aspects of presentation layer, business logic layer and data access layer, the architecture can show the number of hospitals, the proportion of doctors, the number of departments, the hospital’s praise, poor evaluation and other information. Then, the cancer big data classification model based on the new bionic optimization algorithm is established. The experimental results show that the method has high classification accuracy and speed. In the era of big data, the integration of early diagnosis and treatment of cancer resources and information construction is very necessary and has far-reaching significance.

Client-server application framework based on an object-oriented network model

The relationship between the business layer and the underlying data access layers is considered. The disadvantages of the traditional approach based on the relational database and the data access layer (DAO/ORM) are analyzed. A document-oriented database with built above it an object-oriented network model of data presentation is proposed. The integration with the business layer, automatic assembly of business objects using Java reflection without additional specifications, polymorphic storage and transfer of business entities in collections of the document-oriented database is supported.

Design and Implementation of an E-learning Platform Using N-Tier Architecture

<p>Any educational institution aimed at developing towards e-learning and creating a more interactive environment and use in all fields of governmental institutions. The Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (MOHESR) of Iraq and some of the countries in the Middle East suffer from weak use of information technology in general and weak use of e-learning in particular. Therefore, Iraqi MOHESR is in dire need of an electronic educational system that solves most of the problems experienced by most educational institutions.In this paper, we will develop a strategic plan to build an e-learning platform that provides an interactive environment between teachers and students in Iraqi universities and offers many advantages to overcome some problems in the use of traditional old education. This work is related to the use of multi-layered architecture to build the e-learning platform (Standard design of e-learning platform for IraqiMOHESR). The advantage of these layers is that each layer is created in the Asp.Net program using N-Tier architecture that has functions that are independent of the rest of the layers which are(user interface(UI), business Access Layer(BAL),Data AccessLayer(DAL), Database(DB)). A particular object will not affect the rest of the layers or the performance of these layers.</p><p> </p>

Loosely Coupled Environmental Iot Architecture and Application

In the traditional environmental protection tax collection, the discharge caliber of taxable pollutants is inconsistent, the authenticity of sensor data is difficult to guarantee, and information islands are common. Aiming at these problems, a loosely coupled environmental IoT architecture is proposed and implemented. The sensor data access layer achieves compatibility with mainstream sensors in the market, reduces the situation that can only rely on the original sensor manufacturers, and uses the lightweight text data format JSON to deliver messages to improve the transmission rate; the sensor data management layer utilizes big data. Technology, integration and management of various types of sensor data, laying the foundation for data analysis and data fusion; the integrated application layer uses the C4.5 algorithm to construct a decision tree model, and senses the state of the front-end sensing device to ensure the authenticity of the sensor data. The experimental results show that the proposed method can sense the real state of the front-end sensing device and realize the accurate collection of environmentally-friendly IoT taxable pollutants.

Using Virtual Reality Technology to Visualize Management of College Assets in the Internet of Things Environment

This article studies the visual management of college assets under the changing environment of the Internet of Things, uses virtual reality technology to discuss the mechanism of its visualization, and studies the technical selection from the aspects of system architecture, database, and message middleware to provide reliable colleges and universities asset management, provide a complete authority distribution management mechanism, have a safe and reliable data storage mechanism and good scalability. And according to this goal, the overall architecture of the system is designed. Under this architecture, the main modules of the college asset management system divided into college asset information management, information release management, and other modules. To meet these functional modules, related diagrams are designed. The diagram creates a data table corresponding to it. The emphasis is on the systematic analysis of system performance and uses case modeling, static model, and dynamic model based on UML. The overall design of a three-tier logical structure including presentation layer, business logic layer, and data access layer, six functional modules including business process management, platform visualization management, application management, data storage, data processing, and data asset security control. Using the MySQL database and the database design method based on the E-R model, the definition of data entities was completed and the table structure design was carried out. It proved that the functions of the platform are in line with actual needs, and the performance can also meet the business requirements of the visualized management of college assets. It can manage data assets well and has high practical application value.

An industrial evaluation of data access techniques for the interoperability of engineering software tools

Abstract New industrial initiatives such as Industrie 4.0 rely on digital end-to-end engineering across the entire product lifecycle, which in turn depends on the ability of the supporting software tools to interoperate. A tool interoperability approach based on Linked Data, and the OASIS OSLC standard, has the potential to provide such integration, where each software tool can expose its information and services to other tools using the web as a common technology base. In this paper, we report on our negative findings when attempting to use existing ontology-based Linked Data access techniques to expose and manipulate the structured content managed in engineering tools. Such techniques typically target the Data Access Layer (DAL) of a tool to access and manipulate its content, with the assumption that sufficient information and control is available within this layer to automate the process. Based on a case study with the truck manufacturer Scania CV AB, our study finds that an engineering tool controls its artefacts using business logic that is not necessarily reflected at the data layer. This renders such ontology-based access techniques inadequate. Instead we propose an alternative Linked Data extraction architecture that can mitigate the identified shortcomings. While less automated compared to the existing solutions, the proposed architecture is realised as a standalone library that can still facilitate the extraction process.

QL4MDR: a GraphQL query language for ISO 11179-based metadata repositories

BackgroundHeterogeneous healthcare instance data can hardly be integrated without harmonizing its schema-level metadata. Many medical research projects and organizations use metadata repositories to edit, store and reuse data elements. However, existing metadata repositories differ regarding software implementation and have shortcomings when it comes to exchanging metadata. This work aims to define a uniform interface with a technical interlingua between the different MDR implementations in order to enable and facilitate the exchange of metadata, to query over distributed systems and to promote cooperation. To design a unified interface for multiple existing MDRs, a standardized data model must be agreed on. The ISO 11179 is an international standard for the representation of metadata, and since most MDR systems claim to be at least partially compliant, it is suitable for defining an interface thereupon. Therefore, each repository must be able to define which parts can be served and the interface must be able to handle highly linked data. GraphQL is a data access layer and defines query techniques designed to navigate easily through complex data structures.ResultsWe propose QL4MDR, an ISO 11179-3 compatible GraphQL query language. The GraphQL schema for QL4MDR is derived from the ISO 11179 standard and defines objects, fields, queries and mutation types. Entry points within the schema define the path through the graph to enable search functionalities, but also the exchange is promoted by mutation types, which allow creating, updating and deleting of metadata. QL4MDR is the foundation for the uniform interface, which is implemented in a modern web-based interface prototype.ConclusionsWe have introduced a uniform query interface for metadata repositories combining the ISO 11179 standard for metadata repositories and the GraphQL query language. A reference implementation based on the existing Samply.MDR was implemented. The interface facilitates access to metadata, enables better interaction with metadata as well as a basis for connecting existing repositories. We invite other ISO 11179-based metadata repositories to take this approach into account.

Design and achievement of cloud geodatabase for a sponge city

Building a cloud geodatabase for a sponge city is crucial to integrate the geospatial information dispersed in various departments for multi-user high concurrent access and retrieval, high scalability and availability, efficient storage and management. In this study, Hadoop distributed computing framework, including Hadoop distributed file system and MapReduce (mapper and reducer), is firstly designed with a parallel computing framework to process massive spatial data. Then, access control with a series of standard application programming interfaces for different functions is designed, including spatial data storage layer, cloud geodatabase access layer, spatial data access layer and spatial data analysis layer. Subsequently, a retrieval model is designed, including direct addressing via file name, three-level concurrent retrieval and block data retrieval strategies. Main functions are realised, including real-time concurrent access, high-performance computing, communication, massive data storage, efficient retrieval and scheduling decisions on the multi-scale, multi-source and massive spatial data. Finally, the performance of Hadoop cloud geodatabases is validated and compared with that of the Oracle database. The cloud geodatabase for the sponge city can avoid redundant configuration of personnel, hardware and software, support the data transfer, model debugging and application development, and provide accurate, real-time, virtual, intelligent, reliable, elastically scalable, dynamic and on-demand cloud services of the basic and thematic geographic information for the construction and management of the sponge city.

INTEGRATION OF QUERIES TO HETEROGENEOUS DATA SOURCES USING LINQ TECHNOLOGY

Nowadays, the data are available in a variety of formats such as relational data-base tables, xml files, rdf files or simply text files. Database systems have their own query languages and tools for the manipulation of data. On the other hand, most of todays applications are created in languages based on the object-oriented paradigm. From the level of the programming language it is important to use different sources of data in a uniform manner. The paper discusses the elements of the various query languages such as SQL XQuery or SPARQL. And then shows the capabilities of LINQ and its role in the creation of abstract data access layer. Then the possibilities of LINQ extension are discussed. As the example, design and implementation of LINQ provider for Allegro is presented.

FIRST STEPS TOWARDS LINKING SEMANTIC 3D CITY MODELLING AND MULTI-DOMAIN CO-SIMULATION FOR ENERGY MODELLING AT URBAN SCALE

Abstract. An important prerequisite for the simulation-based assessment of energy systems at urban scale is the availability of high-quality, well-formatted and semantically structured data. Unfortunately, best practices and state-of-the-art approaches for urban data modelling are hardly applied in the context of energy-related simulations, such that data management and data access often become tedious and cumbersome tasks. This paper presents the so-called Simulation Package, i.e., a data model extending the 3D City Database for CityGML, and its derived data access layer, both aiming to bridge this gap between semantic 3D city modelling and simulation in the context of urban energy systems. The feasibility of this approach is demonstrated with the help of a concrete example, where the proposed extension has been implemented and integrated into a simulation toolchain. The aim is that the availability of a common, shared data model and the proof-of-concept implementation will contribute and foster adoption and further improvement in the future.

The structural design and technical investigations of data resources sharing system in the field of aero engine

PurposeNowadays, a large amount of data related to aero engine in various types can be created in a single day and it is very important to well organize and store these data. The paper aims to discuss this issue.Design/methodology/approachThis paper puts forward the problem of data management with the fast development of aero engine and sets the compression system as an example to see the inner relationships of data from the initial design procedure to the final operation and maintenance part. There are five principles, namely digitization, accuracy, normative, integrality and validity, involved in managing the data effectively.FindingsThese data resources arranged according to the five principles can be well organized and better used.Originality/valueAt the end, the top design of aero engine data sharing platform is investigated and five layers including data layer, data access layer, communication layer, business logic layer and application layer are designed and presented to support the platform.

An Approach for Enhancing Data Access Security in Heterogeneous Database Systems

Objectives: This paper proposes an enhanced data access security approach to allow virtual private database security mechanism in heterogeneous multi-tier applications regardless of the data access security features provided by each database management system. Methods/Statistical Analysis: An implementation of Data Access Layer has been done respecting the proposed approach. This implementation enhances Microsoft’s Entity Framework that is widely used in commercial multi-tier database applications as a Data Access Layer. Accordingly, it’s overloaded by the required functionality including query modification and data validation. The output assembly then is tested in a typical HR database application that targets three different DBMS’s (SQL Server, MySQL, Oracle) with exactly same database state. A time measurement takes place to evaluate the processing cost of issuing CRUD operations compared with the same application architecture without using the proposed approach (e.g. relying on the row-level security provided by Oracle on the DBMS level). Findings: An illustrated case study respecting the proposed approach shows its scalability, reliability and efficiency. It allows data access security in both homogenous and heterogeneous database applications. On the other hand, the results show that the cost of processing both of data retrieval and data manipulation operations respecting predefined data access security policies of the proposed approach compared with Oracle VPD are reduced by around 59% and 57% respectively. Application/Improvements: As presented in the illustrative case study, the proposed approach can be easily applied and reused in any modern heterogeneous multi-tier database application. It allows defining data access security policies regardless of the target database management system type. Also, the results show an improvement in the processing cost of the proposed approach compared with the Oracle virtual private database with both data retrieval and data manipulation operations. Keywords: Data Privacy; Data Access; Database; Heterogeneous Database Applications

White-box modernization of legacy applications: The oracle forms case study

Software modernization consists of transforming legacy applications into modern technologies, mainly to minimize maintenance costs. This transformation often produces a new application that is a poor copy of the legacy due to the degradation of quality attributes, for example. This paper presents a white-box transformation approach that changes the application architecture and the technological stack without losing business value and quality attributes. This approach obtains a technology agnostic model from the original sources, such a model facilitates the architecture configuration before performing the actual transformation of the application into the new technology. The architecture for the new application can be configured considering aspects such as data access, quality attributes, and process. We evaluate our approach through an industrial case study, the gist of which is the transformation of Oracle Forms applications—where the presentation layer is highly coupled to the data access layer—to multitiered applications.

A Scalable Data Access Layer to Manage Structured Heterogeneous Biomedical Data.

This work presents a scalable data access layer, called PyEHR, designed to support the implementation of data management systems for secondary use of structured heterogeneous biomedical and clinical data. PyEHR adopts the openEHR’s formalisms to guarantee the decoupling of data descriptions from implementation details and exploits structure indexing to accelerate searches. Data persistence is guaranteed by a driver layer with a common driver interface. Interfaces for two NoSQL Database Management Systems are already implemented: MongoDB and Elasticsearch. We evaluated the scalability of PyEHR experimentally through two types of tests, called “Constant Load” and “Constant Number of Records”, with queries of increasing complexity on synthetic datasets of ten million records each, containing very complex openEHR archetype structures, distributed on up to ten computing nodes.