Dangerous Option Research Articles

Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in Drug Delivery, Biosensing, and Therapy: A Comprehensive Review.

The porous materials known as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) stand out for their enormous surface area, adaptable pore size and shape, and structural variety. These characteristics make them well-suited for various applications, especially in healthcare. This review thoroughly summarizes recent studies on the use of MOFs in drug delivery, biosensing, and therapeutics. MOFs may encapsulate medications, target certain cells or tissues, and regulate their release over time. Additionally, MOFs have the potential to be used in biosensing applications, allowing for the selective detection of chemical and biological substances. MOFs' optical or electrical characteristics may be modified to make biosensors that track physiological data. MOFs show potential for targeted drug delivery and the regulated release of therapeutic substances in cancer treatment. In addition, they may work as potent antibacterial agents, providing a less dangerous option than traditional antibiotics that increase antibiotic resistance. For practical applications, further research is required as well as more consideration for the problems with toxicity and biocompatibility. In addition to addressing the difficulties and promising possibilities in this area, this study intends to provide insights into the potential of MOFs in healthcare for drug delivery, biosensing, and treatment. Despite several essential reviews in this area, it was necessary to look into the most recent research on drug delivery, biosensing, and therapy as a combined concept.

A qualitative analysis of Black men's attitudes toward obesity and bariatric surgery.

Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is a safe and highly effective treatment for morbid obesity and related co-morbidities. While MBS access and insurance coverage have greatly improved, sex and racial disparities remain in utilization of MBS. To identify novel intrinsic factors that may explain Black underutilization of surgical treatments for weight management. This study was conducted in metropolitan communities of Western New York. We conducted semistructured face-to-face interviews with 27 adult Black men with a history of obesity and at least 2 obesity-related conditions (diabetes, hypertension, and/or chronic kidneydisease [CKD]), about their attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, and habits related to obesity and obesity management. Interview transcripts were reviewed using thematic analysis for patterns and themes. Most participants did not perceive obesity as a serious health condition and those who had weight-loss goals did not aim for a healthy body mass index (BMI). Trust and respectful communication with physician were very important in making healthcare decisions. MBS was perceived as extreme and dangerous option for weight loss, and only participants with severe symptoms such as chronic pain were open to discussing MBS with their providers. Participants acknowledged lack of role models of similar background who had successfully undergone MBS for obesity. This study identified misinformation about risks and benefits of MBS and lack of community role models as important factors contributing to Black men's unwillingness to consider MBS. Further research is needed to facilitate patient-provider communication about weight and improve provider's ability and motivation for weight management in primary care settings.

К вопросу о взаимосвязи характеристик территорий с локальным радиоактивным загрязнением и необходимости их реабилитации

The paper considers different approaches to evaluate outcomes of remediation of radioactively contaminated sites. The following indicators are currently used: economic, social, radiological, etc. Radiological factor is most commonly used, it is based on estimated averted collective dose to population. In this case, the radiation dose depends on soil characteristics, the level of radioac-tive contamination, as well as function-based soil quality for land-use planning. The most dan-gerous option in terms of radiation dose formation in populations the planning to use contami-nated sites as an agricultural land. In order to make final decision the size of contaminated area, must be taken into account when addressing the issue of meeting needs for agricultural products. The paper presents the new method for estimating results of remediation of radioactively con-taminated sites with account of actual size of radioactively contaminated area. The method was tested in implementing federal target program “Nuclear and radiation safety for 2016-2020 and the period up to 2030”. The method can be used for estimating efficiency of performed and planned remediation.

Captagon Use in a Patient with Iatrogenic Opioid Use Disorder

Background: Captagon or Fenethylline is a synthetic theophylline derivative of amphetamine that is widely available for recreational use in the Middle East. It has pain-reducing properties and is known to induce restlessness, irritability, and psychotic symptoms. Case presentation: A middle-aged man with iatrogenic opioid use disorder was admitted for acute cholecystitis. A week following cholecystectomy, the patient used Captagon while hospitalized to manage opioid withdrawal pain. He experienced waxing and waning episodes of irritability, aggressiveness, disorganized behaviors, delusions, and hallucinations, all concurrent with his Captagon intake. These episodes were managed similarly to intoxication with other stimulant types. Conclusion: Careful patient counseling and close follow-up are essential when opioids are prescribed. Captagon’s pain-reducing properties make it an attractive and dangerous option for Middle Eastern patients suffering from opioid withdrawal. Captagon intoxication is currently managed similarly to other stimulant types, but more studies are needed to develop management guidelines specific to this substance.

КРИМІНОЛОГІЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ОСОБИ ЗЛОЧИНЦЯ, ЯКИЙ ВЧИНЯЄ ЗЛОЧИНИ У СФЕРІ НЕЗАКОННОГО ОБІГУ НАРКОТИЧНИХ ЗАСОБІВ, ПСИХОТРОПНИХ РЕЧОВИН, ЇХ АНАЛОГІВ АБО ПРЕКУРСОРІВ

Article is devoted to criminological characteristic of the identity of the drug-related criminal. Subject to consideration in this article is the identity of the criminal who is a multilevel phenomenon and is characterized by social and demographic properties that in the conditions of freedom of will chose and is ready to choose further socially dangerous option of behavior connected with commission of crimes in the sphere of drug trafficking, psychotropic substances of their analogs or precursors. Irrespective of a kind of role characteristics of criminals in the sphere of illegal narcoturnover, it is possible to mark out two standard motives of commission of these crimes – aspiration to enrichment and the aspiration to provide itself with drugs for own consumption. In article features of structure of persons, establishment of their criminological signs, on the basis of the analysis of modern criminological theories, classifications, tipologiya of the identity of the criminal and results of the conducted criminological researches are investigated.

Shirts or Skins?: Tattoos as Costly Honest Signals of Fitness and Affiliation among US Intercollegiate Athletes and Other Undergraduates

Body art that lesions the skin can result in infection, making tattoos and piercings inherently risky forms of expression. Evolutionary theorists have posited two complementary hypotheses for the popularity of tattooing and piercing in the face of less dangerous options. The “human canvas hypothesis” suggests that tattooing and piercing may be hard-to-fake conscious or unconscious advertisements of fitness or affiliations. The “upping the ante hypothesis” proposes that tattooing and piercing are costly honest signals of good genes in that they injure the body to show how well it heals. We sampled two student populations in the USA to test three related predictions: (1) intercollegiate athletes would be tattooed and pierced at higher rates than other undergraduates to signal fitness, (2) athletes would be more likely to get college- or pro sports-related tattoos than other students, and (3) tattooed or pierced intercollegiate athletes would have lower rates of tattoo- and piercing-related medical complications. We used chi-square and separate logistic regressions of athlete status on tattooing, piercing, and related complications. Study 1 (n = 524) did not find support for predictions but included only a small number of athletes with body modifications. Study 2 (n = 6004) found no main effect for athletes but did find an interaction effect for athletes-by-gender (p = .005). Athletes were also more likely to have college- and pro sports-related tattoos, and football players and male swimmers/divers were more likely to be tattooed in general than other undergraduates (p < .05). Finally, we found positive relationships between tattooing/BMI and BMI/tattooing complications (p < .01), supporting a costly honest signaling function irrespective of athlete status. Both hypotheses were falsified for piercing. Our findings support tattooing as a fitness and affiliation signal that is highly context-dependent.

The Role of Affect in Theology and Public Life: A Review of Joshua Hordern's Political Affections: Civic Participation and Moral Theology

The Role of Affect in Theology and Public Life: A Review of Joshua Hordern's <i>Political Affections: Civic Participation and Moral Theology</i>

Adolescents’ risky decision-making activates neural networks related to social cognition and cognitive control processes

This study examines by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging the neural mechanisms underlying adolescents’ risk decision-making in social contexts. We hypothesize that the social context could engage brain regions associated with social cognition processes and developmental changes are also expected. Sixty participants (adolescents: 17–18, and young adults: 21–22 years old) read narratives describing typical situations of decision-making in the presence of peers. They were asked to make choices in risky situations (e.g., taking or refusing a drug) or ambiguous situations (e.g., eating a hamburger or a hotdog). Risky as compared to ambiguous scenarios activated bilateral temporoparietal junction (TPJ), bilateral middle temporal gyrus (MTG), right medial prefrontal cortex, and the precuneus bilaterally; i.e., brain regions related to social cognition processes, such as self-reflection and theory of mind (ToM). In addition, brain structures related to cognitive control were active [right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), bilateral orbitofrontal cortex], whereas no significant clusters were obtained in the reward system (ventral striatum). Choosing the dangerous option involved a further activation of control areas (ACC) and emotional and social cognition areas (temporal pole). Adolescents employed more neural resources than young adults in the right DLPFC and the right TPJ in risk situations. When choosing the dangerous option, young adults showed a further engagement in ToM related regions (bilateral MTG) and in motor control regions related to the planning of actions (pre-supplementary motor area). Finally, the right insula and the right superior temporal gyrus were more activated in women than in men, suggesting more emotional involvement and more intensive modeling of the others’ perspective in the risky conditions. These findings call for more comprehensive developmental accounts of decision-making in social contexts that incorporate the role of emotional and social cognition processes.

Is staying at home the safest option during bushfires? Historical evidence for an Australian approach

Australian bushfire agencies have a position that people in the path of a fire should either prepare, stay and defend their properties, or leave the area well before the fire front arrives. The position is based largely on observations that evacuating at the last minute is often fatal and that, generally, a key factor in house survival during a wildfire is the presence of people in the building. In practice, full implementation of the position has been difficult for a range of reasons. As part of the Bushfire Cooperative Research Centre (CRC) research effort 〈 www.bushfirecrc.com〉, our project is examining the evidence base for this position and aims to suggest ways of improving implementation. We have found that the available evidence, which goes back some 60 yr, strongly supports the Australian position. The position is supported on the grounds of both improved safety and reduced property loss. The evidence also shows that the most dangerous option—and the cause of most fatalities—is last minute evacuation.

Totally occluded saphenous vein graft recanalization: A dangerous option

Totally occluded saphenous vein graft recanalization: A dangerous option

The Methadone-Maintained Pregnancy

Methadone treatment during pregnancy offers overwhelming advantages compared with the less acceptable option of medical detoxification or the unacceptably dangerous option of leaving heroin-addicted women dependent on street drugs. General agreement exists that pregnancy offers a unique opportunity to bring women into medical, obstetric, and drug treatment. Methadone maintenance in the setting of comprehensive service provision during pregnancy reduces maternal morbidity and mortality and promotes fetal stability and growth. With an accumulated experience of over 25 years, methadone maintenance has been shown to be an invaluable and often an essential ingredient in bettering the health of women during pregnancy, in improving the outcomes of those pregnancies, and in offering opiate-addicted women a chance to improve both their lives and the lives of their families.

Partner Homicide in Context

The authors used a combination of medical examiner data and police interviews to develop profiles of all partner homicides that occurred in North Carolina in a single year. This methodology allowed us to investigate gender differences that might shape the context for male and female homicide perpetration and victimization. Five themes emerged: (a) The context for partner homicides is often chronic women battering, (b) leaving an abusive partner and remaining are both dangerous options, (c) protective measures for battered women are inadequate, (d) domestic violence is not necessarily private violence, and (e) alcohol and firearms often accompany homicide. These themes suggested: Partner homicides emanated almost uniformly from a history of male-perpetrated aggression; analysis of partner homicide should not be detached from the daily life created and sustained by battering; and a gender analysis of partner homicide focuses on the context of gender-based power imbalances rather than on frequency or severity of injury.

Abortion among adolescents: research findings and the current debate.

Utilizing research that focuses on adolescents as well as findings in samples which might have special relevance to young, unmarried women, this report summarizes research on the consequences of abortion among adolescents. It discusses prior literature in the area of parental notification and parental consent, subjects on which public opinion is not divided along familiar pro-choice/anti-choice lines. Following a discussion of methodological problems identified in prior research, it reports on a study designed to address these problems in an adolescent population; it discusses implications for the current debate of this and other studies' findings that there are no identifiable adverse sequelae of the abortion process.

Scores Based on Dangerous Responses to Multiple-Choice Items

Scores based on the number of correct answers were compared with scores based on dangerous responses to items in the same multiple-choice test. The dangerous options were identified by content experts as representing responses to items that could cause significant harm to a physician's patients. The results of the study showed evidence for construct validity of both sets of scores. However, the total test scores and the dangerous option scores were completely redundant measures when evaluated by a correlation coefficient, corrected for unreliability. Therefore, unless more reliable dangerous options scores can be developed from afuture test, and unless these scores can be shown not to be redundant with the total test scores, the total test scores must remain the preferred choice for evaluating certification candidates.

The Real Reason for Japan's Success in Economic Growth

Shortly before the recent Economic Summit Meeting I wrote an article entitled "The Dangerous Option of Slighting the Market Principle" [Shijo Genri Keishi no Kiken na Sentaku] (Voice, September 1981). Not until after it appeared in print, however, did I recognize that on many counts it strikingly resembled an article I had published exactly six years before titled "Human-faced Economic Policy" [Ningen no Kao o shita Keizai Seisaku] (Chūo Koron, August 1975). That article was written some 20 months after the first oil crisis occurred, at a time when the capitalist economy was being tormented by the "three plagues" (low growth, high prices, and an unstable balance of payments). I concluded then that this "was directly occasioned by the fourfold increase in oil prices, but at the same time it occurred amid the confusion of a transitional period when one age, namely the postwar period, ends and a new age begins."