Dangerous Locations Research Articles

Comparing the key contributory factors for driver injury severities in opposite-direction collision accidents

Opposite-direction collision (ODC) accidents are more harmful than other collision types and often cause severe casualties and property losses. Based on the ordered discrete choice model, this study selects the data of 19623 ODCs from January 2010 to June 2018 in Victoria, Australia. The ordered logit model, the random-parameters ordered logit model and the heteroscedastic ordered logit (HOL) model are used to quantify the driver injury severities in ODC accidents. The study shows that HOL model can exploit more potential injury severity information of drivers involved from the original ODC accident data properly. The model results showed that some variables (e.g. elderly drivers, female, high speed limits of more than 50 km/h, number of injuries) increases the possibility of severe and fatal injury outcomes in ODC accidents significantly. In contrast, some variables, including give way sign control, non-darkness conditions (i.e. daytime, dusk/dawn, night lighting), slippery pavement, non-frontal collision types, number of individuals involved, and types of vehicles involved (small truck, bus/passenger car, large trucks/heavy vehicles, other), significantly decrease the serious injury and fatality probabilities in such accidents. Based on the model's findings, countermeasures are recommended, such as ongoing safe driving education, enforcing stricter speed limit rules, and setting up warning signs and lighting facilities on dangerous locations and segments.

Cysticercosis Presenting as an Isolated Cervical Intramedullary Lesion: A Rare Benign Condition at a Dangerous Location

Cysticercosis Presenting as an Isolated Cervical Intramedullary Lesion: A Rare Benign Condition at a Dangerous Location

Pedestrian danger assessment under rainstorm-induced flood disaster for an artificial island

As extreme weather becomes more frequent and intense, cross-sea transportation infrastructures face a greater risk of flooding, which leads to economic loss and threats to life. The artificial island of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is a crucial hub connecting the undersea tunnels and bridges. Heavy rainstorms could cause flooding of the artificial island, which threaten the safety of traffic and pedestrians on the island. It is significant for simulating flooding and assessing danger for pedestrians on islands, where people are difficult to rescue if flooding occurs. In this study, a coupled flood model is proposed to simulate the rainstorm-induced flood, and a stability model in floodwater is used to evaluate the danger degree of pedestrians on the artificial island. The drainage network and surface flow models are coupled to establish a flooding disaster model for the island. The results indicate that the turning of secondary roads on the island is more susceptible to flooding under extreme rainfall conditions. The map of pedestrian danger presents that the road turnings and main road are dangerous locations during the flood. The method proposed could offer technical support for safety management and flood prevention of cross-sea transportation infrastructures.

Social vulnerability to earthquake disaster: insights from the people of 48th ward of Dhaka South City, Bangladesh

ABSTRACT This study sheds light on investigating the root causes, dynamic pressure and unsafe conditions to the progression of social vulnerability of the people residing in 48th ward of Hazaribagh Thana, Dhaka South City (DSC) of Bangladesh. We employed qualitative method to explore people’s knowledge, views and perceptions on the production of social vulnerability to earthquake disasters. We utilized key informant interviews (KIIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) to find out the research objectives. Applying purposive sampling, the study selected a total of 16 informants for conducting KIIs, and 25 informants were chosen for administering FGDs. Examining the Pressure and Release (PAR) model developed by Wisner et al., (2011), the research revealed that low income status of the family, single headed family, lack of proper health services, unavailability of urban emergency center, limited access to power, and political systems contributed to the production of root causes of the progression of social vulnerability. The dynamic pressures involved lack of appropriate skills, unplanned residences and industry, rapid population growth, which played vital role to the production of vulnerability. Finally, the poor housing materials, dangerous location, and lack of first aid documents found associated with the unsafe conditions of the creation of vulnerability of earthquake hazards.

The Right to Make Mistakes? The Limits to Adaptive Planning for Climate Change

While the UN recognizes the right of individuals “to take risks and make mistakes”, there are reasons to question whether this right can be universal. In the context of a changing climate, it is imperative that individuals have access to a safe and sustainable environment; yet we must ask if this covenant is broken if people choose to place themselves in harm’s way. In its first part, this paper explores outcomes of climate change denial, manifested as continued migration to dangerous locations, and skepticism for adaptive strategies. The second half of the paper explores how localities can create a false narrative concerning risks, and asks whether communities also have a right to make mistakes?

SketchUp and Sketchfab: Tools for Teaching with 3D

SketchUp and Sketchfab: Tools for Teaching with 3D

Interaction between a submerged cylindrical shell and a shock wave in the presence of a rigid wall

The interaction between a submerged evacuated cylindrical shell and an external shock wave is considered in the presence of a rigid wall. A semi-analytical model of the system is developed using the classical apparatus of mathematical physics. The detailed analysis of the interaction is carried out with the focus on the stress state, and it is demonstrated that the highest stress in the shell dramatically depends on the distance between the wall and source of the shock wave. In particular, it is shown that for certain locations of the wall, the peak structural stress is considerably higher than that observed for the stand-alone structure, with the difference reaching as much as 50% in some cases. It is also demonstrated that the magnitude of this difference dramatically depends on the distance between the source of the shock wave and the shell. The most and least dangerous locations of the wall are identified. A comparison between the present full model and the simplified one that was developed in our earlier work is carried out, and the possibility of using the latter as a reliable substitute for the former is discussed.

Border Fencing, Migrant Flows, and Crossing Deaths

Using data from the US Customs and Border Protection and novel data on border fencing, we examine how the construction of border fencing under the Secure Fence Act influenced crossing decisions and the likelihood of migrant deaths. Apprehension data suggest that fence construction induced migrants to cross in unfenced sectors. Meanwhile, the average death rate rose nearly threefold in the sectors where the fence was not built. These results support our hypotheses that fence construction induced some migrants to cross in unfenced sectors, while others were diverted to cross in more dangerous locations within fenced sectors.

Path discovering in maze area using mobile robot

Robotic maze pathfinding problems deal with detecting the correct route from the start point to the end-point in a virtual maze environment consisting of walls. Automated robot mobility is a significant feature, which enables a mobile robot to traverse a maze independently, from one position to another, without human intervention. There is a myriad of autonomous industrial mobile robot applications, including the transportation of goods and parts, domestic cleaning, indoor security surveillance, airport baggage couriering, and a plethora of other applications to traverse dangerous locations. This paper proposes a pathfinding mobile robot in a virtual maze based on a combination of a simplified left-hand algorithm and a line-following control algorithm. The mobile robot works in any maze to determine a route from the initial starting point to the end-point. The approach outlined in this paper uses a left-hand algorithm to solve the maze problem and a line-follower control algorithm to enable the robot to move in a straight line through the virtual maze. The algorithm used is less complicated and prevents the robot from falling into infinity loops compared to the traditional wall-follower algorithm.

Portable Construction Maps (PCM) using location fingerprint positioning algorithm for construction worker safety

The existence of a work from home policy does not seem to have a substantial impact on construction workers. Cases of work accidents on infrastructure projects during the Covid-19 pandemic experienced a significant increase. As reported by BPJamsostek data that the number of work accident insurance claims in the first semester (January-June) 2020 reached 108,573 cases. An increase of 128% over the same period in the previous year. One of the steps from the construction side to minimize the occurrence of work accidents is by marking dangerous locations or limiting them with a yellow line. The supervision is carried out by the Occupational Health and Safety division which supervises every worker by using hearing and sight senses. However, this supervision is deemed less effective and efficient considering the number of work accidents that continue to increase over time. Therefore, a worker location monitoring system based on An indoor positioning system called Portable Construction Maps (PCM) Using Location Fingerprint Positioning Algorithm for Construction Worker Safety was developed. The development of this system uses the algorithm Location Fingerprint as a method for estimating the location of workers in a construction building. Each worker will bring a device called the Worker Tag, in which there is a microcontroller (Espressif 32) with WiFi and Bluetooth module, which is used to capture wifi and bluetooth signals and calculate the Received signal strength indication(RSSI) which will be sent to the server to be processed using the location fingerprint algorithm. In addition, in the worker tag there is also a Passive Buzzer that is used to alert workers if they enter a dangerous area.

Application of embedded accident prevention system for infant crawling stage in intelligent textiles

<p>Infant crawling is a method to discover and learn its motor, cognitive, social and emotional functions. Therefore, infants face different risks, such as falls, burns and personal injuries. The most common is that the family is the place where the main event occurs. Therefore, the focus of this research is to develop the embedded system inside the intelligent textile to realize the early warning and prevention of accidents. The system is located in a clothing harness with a crawling knee pad connection including a magnetic sensor. These devices are responsible for detecting security tapes previously placed in the most dangerous location in the home. Therefore, the system gives an alarm with a response time of 7.6 seconds after activation.</p>

A High-Robust Sensor Activity Control Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks.

In wireless sensor networks, it is important to use the right number of sensors to optimize the network and consider the key design and cost. Due to the limited power of sensors, important issues include how to control the state of the sensor through an automatic control algorithm and how to power-save and efficiently distribute work. However, sensor nodes are usually deployed in dangerous or inaccessible locations. Therefore, it is difficult and impractical to supply power to sensors through humans. In this study, we propose a high reliability control algorithm with fast convergence and strong self-organization ability called the sensor activity control algorithm (SACA), which can efficiently control the number of sensors in the active state and extend their use time. In the next round, SACA considers the relationship between the total number of active sensors and the target value and determines the state of the sensor. The data transmission technology of random access is used between the sensor and the base station. Therefore, the sensor in the sleep state does not need to receive the feedback packet from the base station. The sensor can achieve true dormancy and power-saving effects. The experimental results show that SACA has fast convergence, strong self-organization capabilities, and power-saving advantages.

The effect of the degree and location of danger in traffic hazard perception: an ERP study

The aim of this study is to explore the influence of the degree and location of the danger of traffic hazards on the neural reaction process. 26 automobile drivers were asked to look at the pictures and press buttons on the pictures unrelated to traffic. Electroencephalography responses to traffic-related images were recorded and analyzed. It was found that danger in the central visual region induced a larger amplitude of the N100 component than in the peripheral visual region and the trend of different hazard levels was consistent. The danger in the central visual area also induced a larger amplitude of the P200 component than in the peripheral vision area. In addition, when the danger appeared in the central visual area (0°), the P200 amplitude induced by the low-hazard situation was smaller than that of the high-hazard situation. When the danger appeared in the peripheral visual area (7°), the P200 amplitude induced by the low-hazard situation was larger than that of the high-hazard situation. Finally, the presence of danger evoked a larger amplitude of the P300 component in the peripheral visual area than in the central visual area and the P300 amplitude was larger in the low-hazard situation than in the high-hazard situation. The results suggest that hazards are more easily processed in the central visual area during the early stage of automatic perception. In the later hazard evaluation stage, the hazard in the central visual area and the high-hazard situation were more easily processed.

Numerical investigation into impact responses of an offshore wind turbine jacket foundation subjected to ship collision

Offshore wind turbine structures are increasingly implemented but they could be largely exposed to ship collision in heavy maritime traffic area. This study aims to carry out a systematic parametric study on impact responses of the whole ship-offshore wind turbine jacket foundation system, thereby identifying the most dangerous impacting cases and vulnerable components. The three-point bending tests on DH-36 steel tubes designed by scaling jacket tubular members were performed. The effects of impact locations, collision angles and impact velocities on crashing responses, impact energy distributions and interactive deformation mechanisms were studied. Finally, the most dangerous impact cases and deformation were analyzed. It was showed that the bow impact on a leg tube resulted in the maximum local deformation of the leg and the maximum tower top displacement. The centric impact caused more severe local deformation than eccentric impact. And increasing the impact velocity from 0.5 to 3 m/s could increase the peak bending moment at the impact position of jacket leg. In the most dangerous location, the damage area and local indentation of the leg reached to 5.77 m2 and 916 mm (65.4% of diameter). The study can gain important insights into the development of crashworthy offshore wind turbine structures.

An overview of the historical research on the “Taihang eight defiles”

The “Taihang eight defiles” have been documented for a thousand years and have been the main route for trade and cultural exchange in the Jin-Hebei-Yu region due to their dangerous and crucial geographical location. “Taihang eight defiles” have been studied in modern times for over thirty years, but it was not until the early twenty-first century that they received the attention of various academic teams, with subsequent research teams opening up new directions in historical geography and historical and cultural studies. However, However, compared with the more mature research on ancient roads at home and abroad, the research results on the “Taihang eight defiles” still need to be expanded and deepened.

Identifying Vulnerable Impact Locations to Reduce the Occurrence of Deadly Commotio Cordis Events in Children's Baseball: A Computational Approach.

Commotio cordis is the second leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. Currently available chest protectors on the market are ineffective in preventing cases of commotio cordis in young athletes who play baseball. This study focused on using contour maps to identify specific baseball impact locations to the chest that may result in instances of commotio cordis to children during baseball games. By identifying these vulnerable locations, we may design and develop chest protectors that can provide maximum protection to prevent commotio cordis in young athletes. Simulation cases were run using the validated CHARM-10 chest model, a detailed finite element model representing an average 10-year-old child's chest. A baseball model was developed in company with the chest model, and then used to impact the chest at different locations. A 7 × 8 impact location matrix was designed with 56 unique baseball impact simulations. Left ventricle strain and pressure, reaction force between the baseball and chest, and rib deformations were analyzed. Left ventricle strain was highest from baseball impacts directly over the left ventricle (0.34) as well as impacts slightly lateral and superior to the cardiac silhouette (0.34). Left ventricle pressure was highest with impacts directly over the left ventricle (82.94 kPa). We have identified the most dangerous impact locations resulting in high left ventricle strain and pressure. This novel study provided evidence of where to emphasize protective materials for establishing effective chest protectors that will minimize instances of commotio cordis in young athletes.

CHARACTERIZATION OF PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS AND MENTAL DISORDERS OF THE NURSING TEAM OF A HOSPITAL IN GOIAS

This research aimed to verify the mental health status related to occupational factors of nursing professionals in a public hospital in the State of Goiás, Brazil. This quantitative descriptive research characterized the psychosocial aspects and mental disorders developed by the nursing team in a public hospital in Goiás. The questionnaire application occurred during August and September 2020. The study sample was composed of 15 nursing professionals of a participating hospital in Goiás. The occupational health of nurses in a hospital may involve several challenges since their work environment may change according to each company reality. Thus, the professional may work in dangerous, risky, unhealthy, refrigerated, noisy, confined, or shared locations. We then conclude the mental disorders are present in the daily life of professionals who work in a hospital environment, especially nurses, and are related to circumstances experienced within the workplace itself, leading to gradual illness among the professionals.

Environmentálně rizikové chemické prvky na odkališti Brno-Hády

The studied area is located in Brno-Vinohrady. This location was used for fly ash dumping. Fly ash as a product of coal combustion was deposited there in period from 1967 to 1997 from the in the Červený mlýn and Špitálka heating plants. This material has the ability to absorb pollutants, especially heavy metals in its structure. Elevated concentrations of these elements thus represent a potential environmental risk. The main impulse to have a closer look at this waste dump and the fly ash composition is the planned building of a leisure complex in this area in the near future.The fly ash morphology was investigated by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results proved the presence of microspheres. On their surface, heavy metals and other contaminants can be accumulated. The contents of heavy metals were determined in the studied material by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. Measured values were compared with the limit values of environmental pollution published by the Ministry of the Environment of the Czech Republic and with the results of previous studies from the same place. The limits were exceeded slightly by cobalt (Me = 41.62 ppm; Max = 58.30), and a lot of arsenic (Me = 380.62; Max = 593.35). Amount of arsenic was thus compared with the exposure models, which were created for this location earlier. Its concentration transgressed the line of potential risk for a human organism. The number of radionuclides in the analyzed material by laboratory gamma-ray spectrometry (Me: K = 1.75 %, eU = 6.50 ppm, eTh = 16.75 ppm) was converted to the specific activity of 226Ra (am; Me = 212.40 Bq kg-1) and compared with the limit which is 370 Bq kg-1. Thismethod proved that the deposited material does not contain potentially dangerous amounts of natural radionuclides.Based on the results of this study, especially on the amount of arsenic, the waste dump Brno-Hády represents a potentially dangerous location for the human organism and requires adjustments for possible future utilization as a leisure complex.

Image to Speech Conversion using CV to Help Visually Challenged People

This work aims to assist the visually impaired people for reading a text material and detect objects in their surroundings. The input is taken in the form of an image captured from the web camera. This image is then processed either for the purpose of text reading or for object detection based on user choice. The main aim of this project is to build a system that detects objects from the image or a stream of images given to the system in the form of previously recorded video or the real time input from the camera. Bounding boxes will be drawn around the objects that are being detected by the System. The system will also classify the object to the classes the object belongs. Python programming and a machine Learning technique named yolo (you only look once) algorithm using convolutional neural network is used for the object detection. The smart blind navigation is fill gap, providing accurate and contextually rich information about the environment around the user current location, and simplifying the navigation and increasing the overall accuracy of the System. Preventing the user from dangerous locations. They have very little information on self-velocity objects, direction which is essential for travel. The navigation systems is costly which is not affordable by the common blind people. The navigation system are heavy complicated to operate.

A multicenter 10-year oncologic outcome of ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation of clinical T1 renal cell carcinoma: will it stand the test of time?

We updated the experience on percutaneous microwave ablation for renal cell carcinoma with five-center data and long-term follow-up. This retrospective study reviewed the T1N0M0 renal cell carcinoma patients who underwent microwave ablation between April 2006 and December 2019. Clinicopathological and procedural data were collected. Technical effectiveness and complications were assessed, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used for cancer-specific survival, disease-free survival, overall survival, and local neoplastic process analyses. A total of 323 consecutive patients (mean age, 62.9 years ± 14.0) with 371 biopsy-proved tumors (mean diameter, 2.9 cm ± 1.2) were enrolled, and 42.6% of the tumors were located adjacent to collecting system/bowel and technical effectiveness was achieved in 360 (97.0%) tumors. For 275 cT1a patients, during median follow-up time of 66.0 months (IQR, 58.4-73.6), 10-year local neoplastic processes, cancer-specific survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival rates were 1.9%, 87.4%, 71.8, and 67.5%, respectively. For 48 cT1b patients, during the median follow-up time of 30.4 months (IQR, 17.7-44.8), 5-year local tumor progression, cancer-specific survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival rates were 11.3%, 91.4%, 69.1, and 89.2%, respectively. Major complications showed no differences between cT1a (3.5%) and cT1b (6.9%) patients (p = 0.28). A clinical risk stratification system was developed based on multivariable model to predict DFS and CSS with c-indexes of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.71-0.85) and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.65-0.90), respectively. With matured follow-up at five institutions, ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation is a reliable treatment option for cT1a renal cell carcinoma even in dangerous location and appears to be promising for cT1b tumors. • To our knowledge, this is the first multicenter cohort of long-term oncologic outcomes with percutaneous MWA of cT1 RCC. • The predicting model we developed is accurate to predict the long-term DFS and CSS, which can help to provide a better MWA prognostication over routinely available clinical information. • The available evidence shows that microwave ablation of clinical stage T1 RCC is safe and reliable with promising long-term oncologic outcomes, especially for cT1a RCC with excellent 10-year results.