Dangerous Levels Research Articles

Administrative Prejudicial Effect as a Way of Criminalization using Criminal Liability for Violation of Traffic Rules as a Case Study (Article 264.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)

The logical consequence of recognizing administrative prejudicial effect as a form of criminalization is the need, when deciding on the validity of criminalizing repeated acts that initially entail administrative responsibility, to establish the existence of a basis for criminalization, which is considered to be the necessary degree of public danger. The author conducts an analysis of empirical data for 2013–2022 characterizing administrative offenses related to exceeding the established speed limit over 40 km per hour, as well as entering the lane intended for oncoming traffic. This makes it possible to assert at least the absence of an increase in the degree of public harm to the level of public danger (due to the consistent systematic reduction of a number of indicators of punishability, as well as the absence of an increase in injuries and deaths as a result of violations of these traffic rules for the entire analyzed period). Recognizing the absence as such of objective prerequisites for criminal law interference in the sphere of administrative law regulating the analyzed legal relations, it is worth recommending that the legislator pay close attention to the possibilities available within the framework of administrative legislation (including the prospect of establishing appropriate types and sizes of punishment to a greater extent), and the law enforcement officer — to the issues of the enforceability of punishment in the form of a fine. In order to take effective measures against the most serious offenders, it would be more correct to establish a differentiated scale of punishability depending on the fact of repetition of an administrative offense. This approach will make it possible to avoid the conceptual and law enforcement problems of «transferring» responsibility for a recurring offense to the criminal law.

Advances in Nanomaterials and Colorimetric Detection of Arsenic in Water: Review and Future Perspectives.

Arsenic, existing in various chemical forms such as arsenate (As(V)) and arsenite (As(III)), demands serious attention in water and environmental contexts due to its significant health risks. It is classified as "carcinogenic to humans" by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and is listed by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the top 10 chemicals posing major public health concerns. This widespread contamination results in millions of people globally being exposed to dangerous levels of arsenic, making it a top priority for the WHO. Chronic arsenic toxicity, known as arsenicosis, presents with specific skin lesions like pigmentation and keratosis, along with systemic manifestations including chronic lung diseases, liver issues, vascular problems, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cancer, often leading to fatal outcomes. Therefore, it is crucial to explore novel, cost-effective, and reliable methods with rapid response and improved sensitivities (detection limits). Most of the traditional detection techniques often face limitations in terms of complexity, cost, and the need for sophisticated equipment requiring skilled analysts and procedures, which thereby impedes their practical use, particularly in resource-constrained settings. Colorimetric methods leverage colour changes which are observable and quantifiable using simple instrumentation or even visual inspection. This review explores the colorimetric techniques designed to detect arsenite and arsenate in water. It covers recent developments in colorimetric techniques, and advancements in the role of nanomaterials in colorimetric arsenic detection, followed by discussion on current challenges and future prospects. The review emphasizes efforts to improve sensitivity, selectivity, cost, and portability, as well as the role of advanced materials/nanomaterials to boost the performance of colorimetric assays/sensors towards combatting this pervasive global health concern.

Predictive Modeling of Combustible Water Content of Five Common Tree Species in Central Yunnan Province

The water content of forest combustible material is a key factor affecting forest fire and spread, and is the main reference factor for forest fire prediction and forecasting. The live branches, live leaves, dead branches and dead leaves of cap-dou oak, green oak, Yunnan poplar, Yunnan oil fir and silver wattle in central Yunnan were selected as the research objects, and the slope ( x1 ), slope direction ( x2 ), slope position ( x3 ), elevation ( x4 ), wind speed ( x5 ), wind direction ( x6 ), humidity ( x7 ), ground diameter ( x8 ), crown height ( x9 ), crown width ( x10), tree height (x11), depression (x12), and tree species (x13), and used correlation analysis to screen the main modeling factors, and constructed a prediction model of water content of combustible materials by multiple linear regression method. The results show that the correlation between the four factors of slope (x1), slope direction (x2), wind speed (x5) and humidity (x7) and the water content of combustible materials is significant, the water content decreases when the three influencing factors of slope (x1), slope direction (x2) and wind speed (x5) increase, and the water content is higher when the influencing factor of humidity (x7) increases, and the water content of combustible materials is constructed into a model of water content of 20 groups by these factors. Compare the predicted value of the water content prediction model with the actual value to analyze the error of the model, and the results show that the established model can be used to predict the water content. The errors were caused by rainfall during sampling, which absorbed water into the combustible materials and resulted in errors in the moisture content, and wind speed measurements, which resulted in inaccurate wind speed measurements. The established water content model can provide a basis for the classification of forest danger level and combustibility of combustible materials, and can provide help and reference for forest fire prevention and management.

Adaptive dynamic fire danger evaluation of logistics warehouses with fusion of evidential reasoning and smart optimization

Considering the background that the current fire risk assessment methods often rely on subjective assessments based on professional knowledge and experience, they are usually limited to the special fire scene. Given the lack of effective tools for assessing fire risks in logistics warehouses across varying scenes, this paper aims to propose a multi-source data-driven, adaptive dynamic fire danger evaluation method. The method is established based on the fusion strategy of evidential reasoning and artificial fish swarm algorithm. According to the method, rules of danger evaluation levels related to each attribute of fire factors can be generated automatically without necessary of professional knowledges and experiences. The lightweight multi-source data at this moment can be fused to evaluate current fire danger level directly, which does not require training on extensive datasets in advance. Finally, multi-source data including temperature and CO concentration in two fire scenes of one logistics warehouse at different times are utilized to support the ability of the method. The results show that the estimated fire source location according to the center of domain with the evaluated highest danger level matches well with the real fire source location. In conclusion, the main contribution of the research is that the reasonable dynamic danger level of the logistics warehouse fire with time variation can be evaluated automatically. The method has an excellent generality, which is not limited to the specific fire scene. The danger zone of the logistics warehouse under sudden fires can be determined adaptively, which can support the fire prevention and fire safety countermeasures of logistics warehouses.

Water Level Monitoring for Flood Early Mitigation Based on Internet of Things (IoT)

Flooding is a disaster that often threatens communities, especially in high-risk areas. It is not surprising that this disaster causes many losses to the community morally and materially. This is because the area is on the riverbank and is the lowest point. The purpose of this final project is to design a flood early warning system as a water level monitoring to minimize the losses caused by floods with a water level monitoring tool to provide early warning to the community in the event of a flood. This water level monitoring tool utilizes solar panels as an energy source, where this tool uses ultrasonic sensors as water level detection and rain sensors as rainfall detection. This tool requires 28.6 Watts of power to power the system and the accuracy of the ultrasonic sensor is 99.94% with an average ultrasonic sensor error of 0.05%. This water level monitoring tool will help improve the flood early warning system, thus enabling the community to take appropriate mitigation steps before floods reach dangerous levels. Thus, losses due to flooding can be reduced, and assets can be restored, communities can be better protected from the threat of flooding.

Identification of Hotspots and Burnt Areas in Ogan Ilir District, South Sumatera Province

Ogan Ilir District is one of South Sumatra, Indonesia’s regencies, prone to forest and land fires. This study aims to identify hotspot distribution and analyze fire and land hazard levels from 2017 to 2022 in Ogan Ilir District using Landsat 8 imagery with the Normalized Burning Ratio (NBR) method. The study’s results show that from 2017 to 2022, 423 hotspots were recorded. Specifically, in 2017, there were 2 points; in 2018, 121 points; in 2019, 207 points; in 2021, 76 points; and in 2022, 17 points. North Indralaya is the sub-district with the highest level of forest and land fire vulnerability, with the number of events ranging from 80 to 164. West Pamulutan and Pamulutan are at a high hazard level, with incidents ranging from 33 to 79. Meanwhile, Indralaya and South Indralaya sub-districts have a medium level of danger, with events ranging from 19 to 32. The low threat level for forest and land fires is spread across all sub-districts in Ogan Ilir District, with the number of events ranging from 1 to 18.

Burnout among the podiatry profession: A survey of podiatrists in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Burnout and occupational stress have not yet been explored within the Aotearoa New Zealand (AoNZ) podiatry workforce despite research suggesting an increased risk among this population. This study aimed to: (i) determine the prevalence and severity of burnout risk and occupational stress among AoNZ podiatrists; (ii) determine the factors associated with burnout risk and occupational stress among AoNZ podiatrists; and (iii) examine the relationship between burnout risk and occupational stress. A cross-sectional online survey study was undertaken involving registered podiatrists practicing in AoNZ. Personal and professional demographic characteristics were captured. Participants also completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory (assessing three domains of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and personal accomplishment) and the Workplace Stress Scale as measures of burnout risk and occupational stress, respectively. Descriptive statistics, multiple regression analyses and correlation analyses were performed to address the research aims. Responses from 112 AoNZ podiatrists were included in the analyses. High levels of emotional exhaustion were identified in 43.8% of practitioners and were associated with physical activity status, sector of work, working in isolation and work hours (R2=0.304, F (8, N=110)=5.519, p<0.001). High levels of depersonalisation were seen in 13.4% of practitioners and were associated with patient caseload and work hours, (R2=0.183, F (4, N=108)=5.770, p<0.001). Low levels of personal accomplishment were observed in 8.9% of practitioners and associated with ethnicity, physical activity status and patient caseload, (R2=0.152, F (5, N=106)=3.577, p<0.005). A total of 27.7% of practitioners exhibited an overall moderate to high risk of developing burnout. Over a fifth of practitioners exhibited stress at severe or dangerous levels. Stress levels were significantly associated with physical activity status, sector of work and management responsibility, (R2=0.282, F (5, N=47)=3.218, p=0.15). A strong positive relationship was found between emotional exhaustion and stress (rho=0.59, p<0.001). The findings reflect a moderate to severe risk of developing burnout within the workforce, with high workloads and collegial isolation constituting the primary modifiable factors driving burnout development. To maintain retention and well-being within the workforce, mitigation strategies must be implemented to address this issue.

Geospatial Information Analysis Based on Numerical Modelling of Tsunami Inundation in Coastal Area of Temon District, Kulon Progo Regency

Abstract The southern coastal area of Java Island is a subduction area confluence of the Eurasian Plate and the Indo-Australian Plate. The southern area of Temon District, Kulon Progo Regency includes the Central Java-East Java megathrust area. Megathrust Central Java-East Java has a maximum earthquake potential of 8.9 Mw which has the potential to cause a tsunami disaster. The built-up land area in Temon District has a potential threat from the danger of tsunami inundation. The purpose of this study is to (1) analyze the danger of tsunami inundation in Temon District and (2) determine the area of built-up land affected by tsunami inundation. The method used in this study is descriptive quantitative-qualitative. TUNAMI-N3 was used in numerical modelling to determine tsunami inundation hazards and Google Earth Engine was used in analyze built-up land in Temon District. The results of tsunami inundation hazard treatment and built-up land areas were analyze using ArcGIS 10.8 to determine built-up land affected by the potential tsunami inundation hazard. The results showed that the tsunami generated from the earthquake scenario with a magnitude of Mw 8.9 had a maximum height of 19.86 meters with an average travel time of 33 minutes to reach the coastal area of Temon District. Temon District affected by tsunami inundation hazard has a tsunami area of 2.47 km2 with details of a low tsunami danger level of 0.67 km2, medium tsunami danger of 0.95 km2 and high tsunami danger of 0.85 km2. The maximum height of the tsunami inundation bath is 6.54 meters. Temon District has a built-up land area of 14.308 km2. Built-up land affected by tsunami inundation is 0.55 km2 with details of 0.14 km2 at low danger of tsunami inundation, 0.20 km2 at medium danger of tsunami inundation and 0.21 km2 at high tsunami inundation hazard.

STUDY OF ECOTOXICANTS IN THE DISCHARGE OF MINING WASTEWATER IN OKCHUCHAY

I If we do not take environmental norms and standards into account, it can cause serious damage to the environment and can have negative consequences because of the mining industry. As a result of the usage of the Akarek copper-molybdenum resources, the solid and liquid forms of wastes are a threat to the ecology. Armenia's mining industry has caused ecological imbalance in the region. The waste of the copper-molybdenum deposit in the city of Gajaran continues to pollute Okchuchay. As a result of the fact that the river is a tributary of the Araz River, it has polluted the land and water resources in the region to a dangerous level. An environmental assessment of Okchuchay, which was polluted by the waste water of the mining industry, was carried out.

Relationship Between NM Data and Radiation Dose at Aviation Altitudes During GLE Events

AbstractGround‐level enhancements (GLEs) are sporadic events that signal the arrival of high fluxes of solar energetic particles (SEPs) that have been produced by solar eruptions. Ground‐level enhancement events are characterized by a significant increase in the count rate of ground‐based neutron monitors (NMs). The arrival of high‐energy SEPs in the atmosphere leads to an enhancement of the radiation environment, with the enhancement at aviation altitudes being particularly hazardous to human health as pilots, crew, and airline passengers can be subjected to dangerous levels of radiation during a GLE. Through the use of a currently expanding library of analyzed GLEs and the application of a newly developed atmospheric radiation model, both of which have been created in‐house, we found a strong statistically significant relationship between real‐time NM data during GLE events and the radiation doses at aviation altitudes. This result provides a strong scientific basis for the use of real‐time NM data as a proxy for radiation dose estimates during GLE events and aids in the development of future nowcasting models to help mitigate the dangerous impacts of future GLEs.

Penguatan Pengetahuan Kesiapsiagaan Terhadap Bahaya Bencana Gempa Bumi dan Tsunami bagi Siswa SMAN I Lhoknga, Kabupaten Aceh Besar

Earthquakes and tsunamis are natural disasters that can occur anywhere and anytime. Knowledge about the dangers of natural disasters needs to be imparted to the community so that they can understand the types and levels of danger that may arise. This is necessary to enhance the community's capacity to deal with disasters. Reflecting on the occurrence of the 2004 Aceh Earthquake and Tsunami, which claimed hundreds of thousands of lives and caused hundreds of millions of US dollars in losses, increasing knowledge and understanding of disaster hazards needs to be continuously pursued. The repetition of these activities aligns the history of disaster events passed down through generations with the advancements in scientific knowledge and technological progress. Increasing knowledge of earthquake and tsunami hazards can be achieved, in part, through socialization efforts. One appropriate segment of society to receive reinforcement of knowledge through socialization activities is high school students, particularly the students of SMAN 1 Lhoknga, Aceh Besar Regency. Students are the younger generation whose roles can be agents of change within the wider community. Therefore, their role in the realm of disaster management needs to be supported by a good and competent capacity enhancement. Thus, students of SMAN 1 Lhoknga can understand the factors causing and the impacts arising from earthquake and tsunami disasters and actively participate in such events.

Rethinking the concept of punishment: modeling the level of danger posed by criminals to society

Rethinking the concept of punishment: modeling the level of danger posed by criminals to society

Criminal Law Mechanisms for Ensuring the Safety of the Older Adults

The paper analyzes the current state and features of the implementation of the mechanism for ensuring the safety of the older adults by the means of criminal law. The purpose of the study is to develop theoretical provisions aimed at improving the institution of criminal law protection of the rights of the older adults. The paper draws attention to the causes of the public danger of crimes against this social group, as well as the problems of legislative consolidation and practical implementation of this institution at the present stage. Methodologically, the study is based on the dialectical method of cognition, as well as a set of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, induction, abstraction), private scientific (statistical) and special legal (formal legal, method of interpretation of legal norms, historical and legal) methods. The author concludes that the level of public danger of crimes committed against the older adults cannot be determined unambiguously due to the individual characteristics of the victims. Qualifying a criminal act against an older adult person is considered fair in connection with the indication of the signs of «helpless» or «defenseless» state, which determines that there is no need to change the criminal law. Taking into account the ambiguity of judicial practice, the author defines criteria that contribute to the substantiation of the presented features in order to differentiate criminal liability for crimes against vulnerable elderly people.

Assessment of the Allergenic Potential of Urban Woody Flora of Rostov-on-Don

Introduction. Plant pollen causes various allergic reactions in humans, including respiratory diseases, immune system disorders, bronchitis, conjunctivitis, dermatitis, and hay fever. These diseases affect up to 30% of the world's population. In large cities, trees and shrubs used in landscaping are significant sources of allergenic dust. Despite this, the greening of cities worldwide often occurs without considering the allergenic properties of plants. With the development of proteomics, it has become possible to assess the degree of allergenicity of proteins that make up plant pollen in detail. Based on this information, a scale of potential allergenicity for woody plants has been developed. The aim of this study is to assess the allergenic potential of woody plants in the urban flora of Rostov-on-Don.Materials and Methods. The object of the study was trees and shrubs used in the landscaping of Rostov-on-Don. The analysis of floristic data was based on the materials obtained during field work in 2023 on the territory of Rostov-on-Don. The author also used the lists of the city's dendroflora compiled between 2007 and 2022. The assessment of the potential allergenicity of woody plant species was conducted on a five-point scale, with 0 indicating plants that did not pose an allergic hazard, 1 indicating a low allergenicity level, 2 indicating a medium class, 3 indicating a high level, and 4 indicating a very high level of allergenicity.Results. In the flora of woody plants in Rostov-on-Don, 61 species of potentially allergenic plants were identified, posing varying levels of danger to human health. The share of all types of potentially allergenic woody plants was 30% of the total number of urban woody flora species in the city. The most powerful sources of allergenic pollen included nine species (Fraxinus Excelsior, Betula Pendula, B. Verrucosa, Platycladus Orientalis, etc.), which posed the greatest threat of hay fever and other allergic reactions. As a rule, these were typically wind-pollinated plants that produced maximum amounts of pollen. The list of potentially allergenic species included a significant number of adventitious species (24 species), which made it difficult to control their spread. A taxonomic analysis of potentially allergenic species was carried out at the order level, for which specific protein reactions were identified and detailed approaches to the prevention and treatment of hay fever were developed. The orders Pinales and Fagales form the bulk of allergenic pollen in the winter-spring period.Discussion and Conclusion. For the first time, studies were conducted on the allergenic activity of urban woody flora in the southern regions of Russia. An assessment of their allergenic potential allowed us to determine the level of threat of allergic reactions in humans. The greatest danger comes from both allergenic and invasive species that can spread actively and increase in numbers. Representatives of the Pinales and Fagales orders have proven to be significant sources of allergenic pollen, as they often have high ornamental qualities and play a prominent role in design projects. In some cases, it may be possible to replace these cultures with less allergenic alternatives, such as representatives of the Rosales order, to reduce the risk of allergic reactions.

Exposure of the Population of Mindanao to Combined Natural and Anthropogenic Environmental Stressors

In 2019, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) episodes in conjunction with climate change resulted in significant adverse impacts, particularly on developing nations. The year 2019 ranked among the top three warmest years since the mid-1800s. This paper aims to comprehensively analyze the El Niño period and the worsening climate trends observed in Mindanao, Philippines, during that year. The application of spatial analysis techniques revealed the existence of poverty hotspots characterized by below-average precipitation and enduring episodes of dangerous levels of heat index. The study documented instances of crop destruction and farmers' resulting problems. The application of multivariate clustering analysis revealed a significant association between urbanization and elevated mortality rates in climate-sensitive diseases. This finding suggests that the degree of urbanization has an apparent impact on regional mortality rates, ranging from modest to substantial increases. The findings underscore the necessity of implementing early warning systems and developing and implementing mitigation and adaptation methods. This is particularly crucial in sectors susceptible to adverse effects, such as agriculture and healthcare, where the immediate consequences are already observable.

Insignificance of the Act in Criminal and Administrative Tort Law: Nature and Content

The study develops an idea of the criminal legal nature of the insignificance of the act. The author arguments in favor of the fact that such nature is due to the differentiated approach of the federal legislator to assessing the level of public danger of actions and inaction provided for by criminal law. At the same time, the high role of the law enforcement officer in determining the scale of the threat posed by a specific offense for the object of criminal law protection is stated. Studying the mitigating and aggravating circumstances of the act, the personal characteristics of the offender and the line of their behavior, the court decides on the degree of public danger of the relevant act. Its minimal value becomes the reason for raising the question of recognizing the committed action or inaction as insignificant. The paper considers issues on categories of crimes that the offense formally falls under and thus can be assessed on the grounds of insignificance. It is argued against a well-known judgment that the insignificance of the act containing structural elements of the corpus delicti serves as the basis for evaluating what was done according to the norms and provisions of another branch of Russian legislation. A mechanism for developing the insignificance category potential at the level of an individual criminal wrong, known as a criminal offense, is proposed. The study offers a set of arguments proving the inconsistency of the position of the legislator and law enforcement officer on the issue of the possibility of recognizing an administrative offense as insignificant. Their essence boils down to the fact that the formal essence of administrative offenses excludes their differentiation into groups according to the level of harmfulness. This implies the inexpediency of using the category of insignificance in the legislation on administrative offenses.

Smith machine squats pose high risk to ACL graft integrity after the ACL reconstruction and conventional squats are a safer alternative.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of squats after the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction on the ACL graft, considering new data on biomechanics, posterior tibial slope (PTS)and anterolateral ligament (ALL). Utilising finite element analysis on the new 14-component knee joint model, we have evaluated stresses on the knee elements separately for the knee with a native double-bundle ACL and with a single-bundle ACL graft for the 5° and 14° PTS variants during both conventional and Smith machine horizontal squats. Replacing a native ACL with a single-bundle graft causes an overstrain on the graft compared to the intact ACL under all conditions. Stresses on the ACL, ACL graftand ALL are much higher during the Smith machine squats compared to the conventional ones. The stress on the menisci is 3.6-4.9 times higher with conventional squats. PTS at the squats' lowest point minimally affects ACL stress but impacts menisci. The single-bundle ACL reconstruction (ACLR) does not reproduce the biomechanics of the native ACL and increases stresses in most knee joint elements, according to the current study. Conventional squats are relatively safe for the ACL graft at their lowest point. Passing the half-squat position is the most dangerous point. Smith machine horizontal squats produce stress on the ACL graft several times higher than its estimated breaking load and dangerous stress levels on the ALL. During the rehabilitation following ACLR, it is advisable to prioritise the conventional squats over Smith machine squats until ligamentisation is complete. Level III.

Disease Prevalence Estimation

Nowadays, disease prevalence estimation is a significant concern, with heart disease being one of the most common ailments. Unfortunately, the treatment of such diseases can be costly, often beyond the means of the average individual. However, we can mitigate this issue to some extent by accurately estimating disease prevalence before it reaches dangerous levels, using techniques such as Machine Learning and Data Mining. In the healthcare biomedical field, there's a vast amount of health data available, ranging from text to images. However, much of this data remains unexplored and unmined. Introducing a Disease Prevalence Estimation System could address this gap. Such a system would not only help in reducing costs but also enhance the quality of treatment for patients. Machine Learning and Data Mining techniques can be employed to construct this Disease Prevalence Estimation System. By analyzing patient profiles including factors like blood pressure, age, sex, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels, the system can predict the likelihood of individuals developing various health issues. Furthermore, the system can identify complex problems and make intelligent medical decisions, thereby improving overall healthcare outcomes. Performance evaluation can be done using metrics such as the confusion matrix, allowing for the calculation of accuracy, precision, and recall. In conclusion, a Disease Prevalence Estimation System has the potential to offer high performance and better accuracy, thus significantly contributing to the early detection and management of various diseases

Bridging senses of place and mobilities scholarships to inform social-ecological systems governance: A research agenda

Uncertainty and change are increasingly commonplace as communities respond to impacts of social-ecological change including climate change, and dangerous levels of pollution. Given the extent of these crises, new approaches are needed to support responses. Here we identify challenges and discuss insights that the nexus of Senses of place (SoP) and mobilities research offers in navigating such uncertainty. We conducted a two-round Delphi, followed by a workshop, and collaborative writing process with a global network of researchers with expertise in either or both SoP and mobilities research. Participants identified five challenges at the place-mobility nexus that emerge when a social-ecological system is disrupted. We use the 2022 Odra River fish die-off to exemplify the identified challenges: 1) accounting for power dynamics, inequalities and motility; 2) doing justice to more-than human actors; 3) integrating multiple and sometimes nested spatial scales; 4) considering temporalities of place and mobilities, and 5) embracing multisensoriality. To address these challenges, we recommend drawing on diverse methods and knowledge co-creation processes that combine more-than-human perspectives, multisensoriality, and engage in the dynamic relations between places to understand people-place disruptions in the face of socio-spatial precarity. Addressing such knowledge gaps requires stronger collaboration of mobilities and place researchers.

Bystanders to a Public Health Crisis

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are devastating our food systems and our health. Due to widespread use, these synthetic, long-lasting chemicals, are omnipresent at dangerous levels in our envi-ronment and our homes. Recent studies link even small exposure to PFAS to a host of adverse health outcomes, including cancer, autoim-mune diseases, thyroid disease, liver damage, childhood obesity, infer-tility, and birth defects. Food consumption is a primary route of PFAS exposure. PFAS mi-grate from water, soil, fertilizers, pesticides, and compost into virtually every plant, fish, animal, and animal product, and ultimately (in the greatest concentration) into the consumer. In addition, food pro-cessing equipment, disposable dishes, and containers leach dangerous levels of these chemicals into processed food products, further infusing our every meal with PFAS. Consequently, it is no surprise everything from chocolate cake and microwave popcorn to free range eggs, wildcaught fish, organic milk, and organic kale can harbor staggering quantities of these toxic substances. Despite the widespread presence of these substances and strong sci-entific evidence of their harmful impact on humans, federal regulation of PFAS in food is currently nonexistent. At least fifteen agencies have a mandate to ensure the safety of our food. More is not always better. In the case of regulatory agencies, it can lead to fragmented demand for attention, diffusion of responsibilities, and bureaucratic bystander apathy. This story has played out time and again with other toxic con-taminants like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and pesticides and is playing out yet again with PFAS. Despite our country’s devastating experience with past contaminants and the unprecedented scientific progress of our time, the federal response to new food safety threats has only become more sluggish and inadequate. This article lays a pathway for change, taking the issue of PFAS food contamination as a case study for the broader dysfunction in the food safety regulatory system. Part II reviews the history of federal food regulation and explores the role that each federal actor in the field plays in ensuring the safety of the food supply. Part III provides back-ground on the chemical and toxicological profile of PFAS and their widespread presence in the environment in general and the food sup-ply in particular. Part IV examines possible approaches to more effec-tive regulation of environmental contaminants in food and proposes a readily available but currently overlooked mechanism for combatting the current public health crisis of PFAS in food. Lastly, Part V cata-logues the expected benefits of the solution and addresses anticipated skepticism. It concludes that the proposed approach can effectively protect consumers from PFAS in food today, while simultaneously gar-nering much needed data to usher in a more permanent solution in the future.