Transport Of Dangerous Goods Research Articles

Спільна діяльність КХВ ПАТ «АрселорМіттал Кривий Ріг» та галузевого інституту у питаннях стандартизації.

JOINT ACTIVITIES OF COKE PRODUCTION OF PJSC «ARCELORMITTAL KRYVYI RIH» AND THE INDUSTRY RESEARCH INSTITUTE IN ISSUES OF THE STANDARDIZATION © V.V. Burdiyan, N.V. Mukina (Coke Production of PJSC «ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih», 50095, Dnipropetrovsk region, Kryvyi Rih, Kryvorizhstal str., 1, Ukraine), N.М. Golik, A.E. Ablaeva (State Enterprise "Ukrainian State Research Coal Chemical Institute (UHIN)", 61023, Kharkov, Vesnina st., 7, Ukraine) The article provides the scientific and methodological foundations for the development of regulatory documents for the production of products of a given quality on the example of cooperation between the relevant structural units of the State Enterprise "UKHIN" and the Сoke production of PJSC "ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih" in accordance with the current requirements of the legislative framework of Ukraine. The definition and goals of standardization of by-product coke production has been formulated. The definition of the types of regulatory documents for coke-chemical products, which are being developed and applied in Ukraine at the present time, has been given. A list of technical standards has been presented, developed over the last two years at the request of PJSC "ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih" to expand the range of products, taking into account the raw material base, features of production facilities and the production process. After carrying out the necessary examinations and approvals, the draft technical standards and changes in them are tested in the regional state enterprise, which forms and ensures the implementation of state policy in the field of technical regulation. After verification, they are transferred to the Main Fund (the holder of which is the State Enterprise "Ukrmetrteststandard") for entering into the database "Technical conditions of Ukraine". The advantages of being included in this database has been shown, which, although it is voluntary, allows consumers and all interested organizations to make sure that regulatory documents are checked and taken into account that they comply with legal requirements. The article also shows the relevance of the issue of transportation and labeling of dangerous goods for each type of goods produced by the company. The procedure has been described for the classification of goods, which covers the assignment of a product to a specific hazard class, category and packing group. Keywords: standardization, regulatory document, technical committee for standardization, technical conditions, transportation, dangerous goods, safety data sheet, toxicological and hygienic passport.. Corresponding author V.V. Burdiyan, е-mail: Viktoriya.Burdiyan@arcelormittal.com

Criteria for assessing the longitudinal profile of sorting ways in certification for the possibility of safe release tank cars for transportation of dangerous goods of the 2-nd CLASS

Criteria for assessing the longitudinal profile of sorting ways in certification for the possibility of safe release tank cars for transportation of dangerous goods of the 2-nd CLASS

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВА, УСТАНАВЛИВАЮЩЕГО ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬ ЗА НАРУШЕНИЕ ПОРЯДКА ПРЕДОСТАВЛЕНИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫХ УСЛУГ В СФЕРЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ДОРОЖНОГО ДВИЖЕНИЯ

Study of the tasks and functions of police in the sphere of traffic safety is dedicated to many scientific researches due to the fact that the significance of the topic has not lost its relevance, the evidence of the disappointing official statistics about the dead and received various degrees of injury severity in traffic accidents and also due to the fact that the quantity of transport in Russia is constantly increasing, and the problems of transport security are not solved. At the same time, research related to the implementation by the police of the functions of providing public services in this area is of particular importance, because despite the fact that this area of police activity is not the main one, and is not provided with state-power enforcement, it nevertheless plays a significant role in ensuring public safety in the field of traffic. Indirectly, the police, through the function of providing public services, by issuing permits for the transport of dangerous goods, issuing permits for the right to drive, etc., minimizes and reduces the threat of harm to life and health, property, and citizens involved in road traffic. In the article, the author sets a task to investigate the legislation that establishes liability for violation of the procedure for providing public services in the field of road safety, to suggest ways to improve it. The author defines public services in the field of road safety and defines their essence. The author analyzes Federal and departmental legislation, identifies the features of bringing to justice police officers for improper provision of public services. The article draws conclusions about the existence of certain shortcomings in the legislation in this area and suggests ways to eliminate them.

Analysis of the requirements for the inspection of tank cars for the transport of dangerous goods

Analysis of the requirements for the inspection of tank cars for the transport of dangerous goods

Study on Construction of Safety Management Capability Model of Dangerous Goods Transportation for Aviation Logistics Enterprises

To clarify the mutual relations and structure attributes of safety management capability elements of dangerous goods transportation for aviation logistics enterprises, safety management capability analysis method coupled by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and DEMATEL is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the conceptual model of safety management capability of dangerous goods transportation for aviation logistics enterprises which takes into account of emergence was established based on existing researches of safety management capability, and the composition elements were confirmed. Secondly, for the defects of traditional DEMATEL method, AHP-based and improved DEMATEL method was constructed. Finally, importance judgment matrix of factors influencing safety management capability of dangerous goods transportation for aviation logistics enterprises was gained through questionnaire inquiry. Meanwhile, the mutual relations of capability factors were confirmed through the centrality and reasons. The research result shows that, the method can be used to analyze safety management capability of dangerous goods transportation for aviation logistics enterprises and construct the structural model.

An innovative design of a protective device for integrity of tank wagons in a collision

The article discusses the issue of improving the safety of dangerous goods transportation in railway tank wagons by means of the improved anti-climbing device designs. It was determined that in a collision of wagons, there is a high probability of damage of the integrity of the tank body by protruding structural elements of an adjacent wagon, in particular, a buffer. Analyses of structures of a protective device of a tank wagon bottom part in the case of such situations was carried out. Anti-climbing device designs and protective shields used in operation are described. Based on the analysis of designs and the requirements of standards, the design of an anti-climbing device has been developed. The material of a structure was selected based on the requirement to avoid plastic deformation under the loading force of 150 kN acting downwards. There are presented the results of the analysis of the stress-strain state of the developed structure of the anti-climbing device, which showed that the structure meets the requirements of RID T25 regulation as well as requirements of a producer railway vehicles.

The Concept of a New State Program to Improve the Safety of Dangerous Goods Transportation

The Concept of a New State Program to Improve the Safety of Dangerous Goods Transportation

The Sources of International Air Law: Current Issues of Theory and Practice

INTRODUCTION.Within the context of the theory of ‘the concordance of the wills of States’ developed in the Russian doctrine of international law and on the basis of the contemporary practice of States and international aviation organizations (in particular, International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)) the author examines the process of rule-making and the sources of international air law.MATERIALS AND METHODS.The present research has been conducted on the basis of international air law treaties, the ICAO documents, as well as the works of Russian and foreign international law experts. The methodology of the research is based upon general scientific and special methods, including dialectical method, methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, comparative legal method.RESEARCH RESULTS.On the basis of his research the author has been able to identify and systematize the present-day sources of international air law, i.e. the forms, in which the norms of this branch of interna- tional law exist. Theoretical and practical problems relating to the development and implementation of these sources of international air law have been examined.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS.On the basis of the theory of ‘the concordance of the wills of States’ developed in the Russian doctrine of international law and the contemporary practice of States and international aviation organizations the following sources of international air law have been identified: (i) international treaties; (ii) international customs; (iii) ICAO international standards; (iv) Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air. Each of these sources of international air law has been examined in detail both from the point of view of the rulemaking process and within the context of its role played in regulation of cooperation between States in the area of international civil aviation. In particular, the author shows the specific role in international air law of such traditional sources as international treaties and international customs. As for the international standards and the Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air, they are described as special complex forms of creation of norms of international air law emerged as a result of rapid development of civil aviation in the second half of the 20th century and its transformation into the global passengers and cargo transportation network. Overall examination of the currently existing rule-making processes and sources of the international air law demonstrates that they are rather dynamic and well take into account the contemporary development of global aviation and the interests of different States.

Some issues about legal regulation regarding handling dangerous goods in maritime traffic

This paper analyses Ordinance on handling dangerous goods, the conditions and method of transport in maritime traffic, loading and unloading of dangerous goods, bulk and other cargo in ports and the method of preventing the spreading of oil spills in ports especially in the segment of the definition of dangerous goods, the supporting documents accompanying the handling of dangerous goods as well as supervision of the application of protective and safety measures. The author also discusses the terminological inconsistencies of important conceptual definitions while highlighting possible solutions. The paper also researches the role of the professional service, i.e., the qualified person who supervises handling dangerous goods in ports and who as such, is considered as the responsible person. The possible duality of the legal regulation of handling dangerous goods with regard to the Act on Transport of Dangerous Goods is also being researched. The last part highlights the contribution of the European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA) and the achievements of the Republic of Croatia in establishing a system for the exchange of data on dangerous goods. In conclusion, the author gives an assessment of the compliance of the Croatian legal norm on the handling dangerous goods with international and EU solutions and makes appropriate proposals.

Quantitative Risk Assessment on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Vehicles Through Unidirectional Road Tunnels: An Evaluation of the Risk of Transporting Hydrogen.

A quantitative risk analysis (QRA) concerning dangerous goods vehicles (DGVs), including also vehicles for the transport of liquid hydrogen (LH2 TVs), running through unidirectional motorway tunnels was performed. An event tree was built, and a wide parametric analysis based on different geometric and traffic characteristics of tunnels was carried out. The effects of the annual average daily traffic (AADT) per lane, the tunnel length (L), the percentage both of heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) and DGVs (for a given 7% of LH2 TVs) were investigated. The results in terms of social risk, as expressed by F/N curves and the expected value (EV), show an increased risk level with the presence of the hydrogen transported, and with certain F/N curves that might also lie above the acceptability limit. This means that additional safety measures should be implemented in order to reduce the risk level or that, alternatively, appropriate strategies of traffic control systems should be taken. A statistical modeling for developing a predictive method of the EV is also performed. The outcomes show that the regression coefficients have the signs expected. In particular, the EV increases with the tunnel length (L), the AADT, and the percentage both of HGVs and DGVs. However, the magnitude of estimated coefficients indicates that the expected value EV increases more with the traffic (AADT per lane, HVGs, or DGVs) than the tunnel length. The application of the approximate method might help the Tunnel Management Agencies (TMAs) in making quick decisions, at a preliminary stage, about temporarily allowing, forbidding or limiting the circulation of DGVs and/or LH2 TVs through tunnels; and subsequently investigating in greater depth the potential hazards due to the transport of hydrogen in the worst cases individualized.

IMPLEMENTATION OF MEASURES TO ELIMINATE THE CONSEQUENCES OF ACCIDENTS DURING THE TRANSPORTATION OF DANGEROUS GOODS

The article describes the problems during the transportation of dangerous goods, and during the elimination of accidents during the transportation of dangerous goods by rail. The solution of these problems is also presented. The purpose of this study is primarily to improve the procedure for transportation of dangerous goods by rail, and liquidation measures, as well as to reduce the time spent on the elimination of accidents during the transportation of dangerous goods by rail. Method. This article describes in detail the proposals proposed by the authors to improve the procedure for transportation of dangerous goods, and liquidation measures in the legal field, by reviewing the powers of employees, as well as by developing and using a universal sorbent of composite materials. That is, the authors propose the development of a universal sorbent and its introduction in railway transport. The scientific novelty is the creation of a universal sorbent, which will be able as one of the liquidation measures in emergency situations during the transportation of dangerous goods by rail. Practical significance. In Ukraine, there are many sorbents on rail transport to eliminate accidents, there are many, but one sorbent can be used only to eliminate a specific class of danger, and our universal sorbent can be used to eliminate several classes of dangerous goods. The authors propose to attach it to the train, which will allow to immediately start the localization of the spill before the arrival of the emergency recovery train, and thus reduce the precious time for liquidation measures. when transporting dangerous goods.

Process Safety Approach to Identify Opportunities for Enhancing Rail Transport Safety in Canada

The amount of dangerous goods (DG) transported by rail within Canada has increased by an average of approximately 25% since 2004, with a 42.5% increase in transported fuels and chemicals between 2011 and 2017. Further, movement of DG by rail is forecasted to continue increasing. Sustainable growth in the transport of dangerous goods (TDG) by rail will require acceptable safety levels. This study provides insight into key occurrence types for TDG and their causes, to better focus on risk control strategies, including measurement and control of leading and lagging safety indicators. This work also reviews current safety performance and Canadian railway incident occurrence databases. The results of the analyses suggested that the performance against lagging indicators currently being reported is adequate, including derailments and collisions (main and nonmain track), serious injuries (including fatalities), DG leakers, and releases. Furthermore, a list of the rail accidents with the greatest number of fatalities was used to calculate a crude estimate of societal risk associated with rail transportation. According to UK Health and Safety Executive (HSE) recommendations, this analysis indicated that the estimated rail transport risks would be considered acceptable when assessed at a milepost scale. However, there are opportunities for further enhancing safety reporting, management, and performance.

On the methodology for risk assessment in transport of dangerous goods by road

The general trend in the development of the technosphere implies a constant increase in the volume of transport of dangerous goods by road. The combination of “dangerous cargo and vehicle” is potentially dangerous because it can pose additional risks to road users, as well as to the environment (nature and population). For this reason, it is necessary to conduct appropriate risk analyses for the transport of dangerous goods by road, which makes it possible to assess such risks.

Modern challenges of dangerous and extraordinary goods transportations

Dangerous goods - goods which, by the nature of their physical characteristics, chemical composition, dimensions, or other specific features and nature (live animals or fish), for some reason endanger human life or health, the environment natural or general order or material goods, including those with features of the principles of humanitarianism. The transport of dangerous and oversize goods is one of the most difficult specialties in the field of goods transport in public transport, in particular in road and rail transport. Such transport is regulated by a number of legal acts that do not apply to companies carrying out tasks related to the transport of loads, the so-called neutral. The United Nations has created a closed TN directory, giving everyone a four-digit "UN number", at the same time dividing them into classes depending on the threat or the predominant threat. The provisions of the ADR agreement relate, inter alia, to the rules (requirements) for TN transport in terms of limiting the possible effects of a potential release of hazardous substances (e.g. as a result of road or rail collisions), as well as, above all, the forms and principles of preventing the possibility of such events. The transport of dangerous goods is a special type of transport and it is subject to specific legal provisions, meeting and observing a number of specific requirements. The safety of this type of transport depends on the proper organization of its transport and the maximum involvement of participants in the entire process. The organization of the transport of hazardous materials requires a comprehensive, comprehensive view of the vehicle, packaging and cargo (means of transport and packaging should be adapted to the transported goods) as well as people involved in the preparation of transport, drivers with appropriate authorizations and training, setting the route, securing this routes in terms of maintaining safety in the event of an emergency. The article offers the author's approaches to the investigation of modern challenges of dangerous and extraordinary goods transportations.

Теоретичні аспекти визначення залишкового ресурсу вагона-цистерни для небезпечних вантажів

В статті виконаний детальний аналіз сучасного стану експлуатаційного парку залізничних вагонів-цистерн для транспортування небезпечних вантажів залізницями України. Аналіз показує, що залізничні вагони-цистерни для перевезення небезпечних вантажі значною мірою вичерпали свій ресурс. Технічний стан вагонів-цистерн після проведення планових видів ремонту свідчить про те, що більша їх частина знаходиться в справному технічному стані. З метою продовження безпечної експлуатації з терміном служби,що вичерпаний виконується технічне діагностування і випробування вагонів-цистерн.

Using a FMEA–TIFIAD Approach to Identify the Risk of Railway Dangerous Goods Transportation System

In this paper a systemic approach that combines Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy information axiomatic design (TIFIAD) is proposed to identify the risk of railway dangerous goods transportation system (RDNGTS), which has seven steps: (1) identify potential risk factors and risk sub-indicators of RDNGTS; (2) define the failure criterion of severity of failures (S), portability of occurrence (O) and possibility of detection (D) of FMEA based on trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (TrIFNs); (3) invite experts to score the TrIFNs of S, O and D for each risk sub-indicator; (4) aggregate the TrIFNs of S, O and D for each risk sub-indicator; (5) calculate the TIFIAD of each risk sub-indicator; (6) calculate the total TIFIAD of each risk sub-indicator; (7) calculate the total TIFIAD of each risk factor. Compared with FMEA, FMEA–TIFIAD has the following improvements: (1) The TrIFNs are applied to score the S, O and D of each risk sub-indicator of RDNGTS; (2) The TIFIAD of the S, O and D are calculated for each risk sub-indicator, the product of the S, O and D could replace the Risk Priority Number (RPN) of FMEA; (3) The Entropy Weight Method is used to calculate the weight of each risk sub-indicator. The calculation results show that the potential human risk should be paid more attentions; the FMEA–TIFIAD is more reliable and accurate than FMEA. Finally the improvement suggestions for managers and operators of RDNGTS are given.

Training of Drivers for Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods

The safety of transporting dangerous goods is conditioned by a number of factors, many of which are significantly influenced by drivers. Drivers, as the central component of human resources, are expected to react appropriately at all times during the performance of their professional activity, in order to prevent the occurrence of a traffic accident or reduce its consequences, thus contributing to the safe transport of dangerous goods. He is expected to assess the situation and make a valid decision in accordance with the set tasks. Due to irregularities and omissions in the work when making an independent decision on how to act in certain moments, the driver directly influenced the occurrence of a large number of accidents. In order to minimize the driver’s failures in the transport process, appropriate attention must be paid to their training.

Historical data-driven risk assessment of railway dangerous goods transportation system: Comparisons between Entropy Weight Method and Scatter Degree Method

In this paper, two historical data-driven weight calculation approaches including Entropy Weight Method (EWM) and Scatter Degree Method (SDM), are applied and compared to solve the risk assessment of railway dangerous goods transportation system (RDGTS). The risk is defined as product of occurrence probabilities and their corresponding weights, the occurrence probability and weight of each risk sub-indicator is obtained by using the historical statistical data as the inputs. EWM aims at reflecting relative intensities among the evaluation indicators, however, SDM reflects the projection factor that maximizes the overall difference among the evaluated objects. In order to compare the performance of EWM and SDM, the stability analysis is carried out, which focuses on studying and analyzing the reverse degree order of the weight value when the initial matrix changed. In addition, correlation coefficient between occurrence probability and final assessment results based on the two approaches are conducted. The results of case study by using China data show that: the SDM is more stable than EWM; sub-risk indicators with highest ranks belong to risk factors of Human category, which means the Human unsafe actions and behaviors are the most dangerous factors that influence the normal and safe operations of RDGTS.

Railway dangerous goods transportation system risk analysis: An Interpretive Structural Modeling and Bayesian Network combining approach

In this paper, an Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and Bayesian Network (BN) combining approach is applied to analyze the relationships and interaction strengths among the risk factors or accident causes of railway dangerous goods transportation system (RDGTS), quantitatively. According to the statistical data, 17 sub-indicators are concluded and applied as the nodes in BN. Based on the 17 sub-indicators and with the help of experts, the combined ISM and BN approach is used to analyze the system risk with seven steps: establish the relation matrix, calculate the reachability matrix, divide the reachability matrix into different levels, form the directed graph, form the Bayesian Network, establish the prior marginal and conditional probabilities of the sub-indicators in the BN, causal reasoning for the BN and obtain the final probabilities of occurrence for all sub-indicators. The conditional probability tables (CPTs) are used to express the relationships and interaction strengths among the nodes and the parent node variables. The final analysis results show that the sub-indicator, staffs are lack of technical and knowledge during transportation processes, has the highest impact to the RDGTS with probability 0.74, and the sudden natural disaster has the weakest impact to the RDGTS with probability 0.05.

Risk Analysis and Route Optimization of Dangerous Goods Transportation Based on the Empirical Path Set

Based on the empirical path set generated from the track data of dangerous goods vehicles, we present a new method for the risk analysis and path optimization of dangerous goods transportation. First of all, by exploring the travel rules of dangerous goods transport vehicles hidden in the track data, combined with the path set generation algorithm, the method of determining the empirical path set of dangerous goods transport is studied. Secondly, based on the empirical path set, mainly considering the travel rules of vehicles and people on the road, as well as the distribution of population and environment-sensitive areas along the road, a dual objective path selection model is proposed to comprehensively measure the risk and cost of road transportation under time-varying conditions. On this basis, given the principle of avoiding high-risk transportation paths, a comprehensive method of integrating multiple algorithms is proposed to solve the model. Finally, taking a road network as an example, the practicability and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified. The method proposed takes both practicability and safety into account. Based on the experience path set, considering the time-varying characteristics, the decision-maker could choose the appropriate transportation path of dangerous goods according to different preferences, so as to better solve the problem of path selection for dangerous goods transportation.