Danger For People Research Articles

The Symbolic Meaning of Food in the Manggulan Nyambung Tuwuh Manten Tradition in Betak Village

This study explains the symbolic meaning of the existence of food in the Manggulan nyambung tuwuh manten tradition. The method used is qualitative as an approach and symbolic interaction theory as an analytical knife to describe human interaction with the meaning of symbols that exist on an object. The data used are primary data through observation, in-depth interviews with traditional leaders, and documentation. Then the data is supported by secondary data from literature studies. The data obtained was then analyzed through three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The research is located in Betak Village, Kalidawir District, Tulungagung Regency. The results of this study are the types and meanings of food, namely ambengan, keleman, gedang setangkep, strong buceng, sega golong, kembang setaman, jenang abang and jenang sengkala and sego punar. The meaning of the existence of these foods is as an expression of gratitude and freedom from danger for people who have needs. The Betak Village community in carrying out the Manggulan tradition has undergone changes so that the sacredness of this tradition is reduced. This can happen because of the influence of modernization

Research on pattern recognition of different music types in the context of AI with the help of multimedia information processing

Music is a form of art in which the sounds are timed and organized. Music is a kind of entertainment that mixes sounds in a way that people like, find fascinating, or to which they desire to dance. Most music is created via one or more people's vocal or instrumental efforts. By the dictionary, music is defined as having at least one of the following three elements: rhythm, melody, and harmony. Music is utilized in therapy because of its apparent benefits on behavior. Various physiological circumstances have different metabolite expression patterns that can be studied using pattern recognition in multimedia information processing. Music therapy includes various activities, including singing, playing instruments, dancing, and listening to music. Music-making with artificial intelligence (AI) uses neural networks, which are massive collections of computer bits that aim to stimulate brain activity. The neural network (NN) may be bombarded with music to see if it picks up on patterns the way the human brain does when repeatedly exposed to new stimuli. It will get the hang of them eventually. Experts believed that AI would be unable to generate music unless it first mimics a human-created data collection. By providing a conceptual paradigm for multimedia information processing. The end effect will be entirely different depending on how many hours of music are placed into it. For AI to learn from patterns or features in data on its own, it needs big data (BD), fast, repeated processing, and complex algorithms. The use of technology makes the process of creating analytical models much faster. A new AI-BD tool is an opportunity, not a danger for people currently working as artists. People are beginning to ask what constitutes acceptable work as AI grows more prominent in the music and art industries to gain efficiency of 97.8%. Future music will be heavily impacted by listeners' bodies and emotions all the time. For example, wearable technology may detect a person's mood and play the music that matches it. It is the next step in personalization. The AI-BD methodology improves the efficiency, accuracy, etc., compared to other existing models by gaining 97.8%, performance analysis 97.2%, reliability ratio 95.6%, and survivability analysis 98.2%.

Plastic capture methods in the water bodies, a review of world experience

Over the past twenty years, the plastic pollution problem in the water bodies has reached an alarming scale. The easy-to-use, light, waterproof material has the significant drawback, it is the very long decomposition period, which has led to the 368 million tons of plastic accumulation over the past 70 years, and the accumulation continues. Plastic environmental pollution is the urgent problem for the water bodies in Ukraine too. The source of plastic entering water bodies is primarily temporary waste landfills from which plastic is washed into rivers and lakes during rains, by wind and by flood. The rivers carry plastic throughout the river floodplain, polluting riverbeds and banks during the flood. In the work, the analysis of the world experience in the area of the plastic capture devices and the possibility to use these devices for the mountain rivers conditions in Ukraine was assessed. The peculiarities of the hydrological regime of the mountain rivers are the transportation of plastic during floods, significant water levels fluctuations, the danger for people being in the riverbed during the flood, high water speeds up to the 5 m/s, the large amount of litter, which in consists of the plastic, tree trunks, branches and other large debris. It was assessed the booms, trash traps and trash racks for catching litter in water outlets and temporary streams. Plastic collecting facilities such as floating boats, catamarans, and robots were not assessed, because their use during the flood is dangerous, and the small water depths in the rivers do not allow to use them effectively during the low water period. Devices for plastic capture for the mountain rivers should be autonomous, strong, have the big litter capacity, be ecological friendly, able to work with rapid water level change and under high water speed. Analysis of the existing devices shows that these requirements will be met by expensive segment. At the same time, it is known that the plastic capture in the water bodies costs in 10 times higher than the cost of collecting and sorting plastic in the populated areas. So, to solve the problem of plastic pollution in the water bodies by the expensive devices is not right way. First of all, in order to reduce plastic pollution in water bodies, it is necessary to create conditions to prevent plastic to get into the rivers, namely: voluntary limitation of the plastic usage, manufacture responsibility for the use of recyclable plastic, active informing society about the plastic harm to the environment and the necessity to collect and sort it.

On the New Cold War Promoted by the US Government Against China—Interview with Professor David M. Kotz

ABSTRACT The US government has been promoting a new cold war against China for some time. It began before former President Donald Trump initiated a trade war against China and has continued under President Biden. The underlying reason for this policy is the drive of the US government to maintain a position of global domination and to prevent any other country from rising to a position of equal, or near equal, economic, political, or military strength with the US. This cold war is unjustified and poses serious dangers for people around the world.

Re-entry vehicle sonic boom issue: Modelling and calculation results in windy atmosphere based on the augmented Burgers equation

Recent development of the various type of re-entry vehicles for tourism and, in near future, for frequent commercial flights to space as well as coming second generation supersonic transport (SST) rise important issue of flight safety of these vehicles, including sonic boom exposure on ground structures, people and environment. During the space plane descend the sonic boom carpet may cover thousands of kilometers wide territories on the earth or ocean and may cause some discomfort or even danger for people. Proper modelling of shock waves propagation in the non-homogeneous windy atmosphere is important task that should be solved based on the fast calculation methods to provide data to the flight deck in real time, while descending. In this paper the sonic boom modelling is based on augmented Burgers equation. A generalization of this equation is made for the case of a weakly inhomogeneous moving viscous heat-conducting medium with the conservation equations of the second order of approximation. The numerical method of sonic boom propagation and attenuation in real atmosphere and respective computer code “vBoom” have been developed and validated. The calculation data of sonic boom propagation and primary and secondary sonic boom exposure areas on the ground along with comparison with high speed aircraft data are presented. Measurement-based estimation for the loudness of sonic boom for re-entry vehicle at descending has been made.

Multistep Experimental Calibration of Mechanical Parameters for Modelling Multilayer Antishatter Safety Films in Structural Glass Protection

Glass material is largely used in buildings and facilities due to various motivations. Besides, glass still represents a vulnerable component for building occupants. Careful attention is required especially for glass elements that may be subjected to extreme design loads, such as impact, vibrations, etc. Among various approaches and techniques to prevent danger for people in case of glass breakage, multilayer antishatter safety films (ASFs) are commercially available for the retrofit of existing monolithic glass members. In the present research study, a multistep experimental program is presented to obtain the characterization of key input mechanical parameters that are required for the numerical analysis of glass elements protected by ASFs. Relevant characteristics are derived for the definition of an equivalent material and monolithic tape able to reproduce the ASF experimental outcomes. On the side of experiments, artificially aged specimens (healing process) are investigated. A major advantage is taken from small-scale peel and tensile tests on ASF samples, as well as Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) techniques for nondestructive vibration measurements on preliminary fractured specimens of ASF-bonded glass elements. Efficient Finite Element (FE) numerical models calibrated with the support of experimental data and Cohesive Zone Modelling (CZM) techniques are presented for discussion of comparative results, giving evidence of rather good estimates and possible extension of the multistep experimental procedure.

Analysis of Rip Current Characteristics Using Dye Tracking Method

Rip currents are strong water channels flowing away from the shoreline. They can occur on any shore with breaking waves. Rip currents play a significant role in changing the topography of shallow water regions by transporting large amounts of bed material offshore. Moreover, they pose a significant danger for people living in nearshore zones and surfers and cause hundreds of deaths annually worldwide. Therefore, rip current generation characteristics have been investigated to prevent casualties. In this study, a GPS drifter survey was chosen as the investigation method; however, a few drawbacks were discovered, such as low accuracy due to the GPS drifter becoming trapped in the surf zone. Therefore, drones and dyes were used to overcome the drawbacks of drifter methods. The results of dye tracking and the 3D wave-induced current numerical simulation were compared; the velocity and formation of the rip current were found to be relatively similar. With the technological advancements and invention of new survey equipment, the survey techniques also evolve, and this paper shows that the disadvantages of the GPS-based Lagrangian method can be overcome using a dye-mounted drone, which observes the rip current easily and accurately.

Environmental Estimation of Radiation Equivalent Dose Rates in Soils and Waters of Northern Calabria (Italy)

In this study, the equivalent dose rate of natural radionuclides ( H T ) in 99 spring water and surface soil samples was determined using an alpha, beta, and gamma high sensitivity detector up within a Geiger-Muller tube and with an external probe NaI (Tl). The samples were collected in the Crati basin (southern Italy), and during sample collection, water quality parameters were detected in situ and at the University of Calabria laboratories. A Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was applied to identify and clarify the relationships between water physical-chemical properties and soil and water radioactivity. Results show that the mean H T for spring waters is 97.07 μSv/h. Furthermore, the mean H T for surface soils is 97.92 μSv/h, thus evidencing higher mean H T values than worldwide ones reported in a previous literature. Low correlation coefficients were detected between water H T and conductivity and pH. On the contrary, a reasonable correlation was found between H T in spring water and in soil. This relationship is associated with some rocks of the Sila Massif and of Coastal Chain, i.e., plutonic and metamorphic crystalline rocks. Finally, the estimation of the health risk was calculated: results did not evidence serious dangers for people living in the studied environment. The results from this survey for the H T evaluation provide an extensive assessment of the background exposure levels in the investigated area.

Appraisal of Temporal Variations in Atmospheric Compositions over South Asia by Addition of Various Pollutant’s in Recent Decade

Atmosphere is an envelope of gasses and aerosols around the planet, 99% of the total mass of atmospheric gases resides within 32km from Earth’s surface in vertical column. From primordial era to current scenario composition of earth endured numerous drastic modifications. In last decade atmosphere had undergone a vigorous change by the addition of many pollutants in both natural and anthropogenic aspects. South Asia is a densely populated; masses here are in a transition state, this developing nation in this region considerably done enough damage to the atmosphere of south Asia by inserting multiple pollutants in atmosphere in a number of anthropogenic activities. These pollutants piled up as a serious danger for people around the globe like Methane (CH4), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Formaldehydes (HCHO) and tropospheric Ozone (O3) etc. “Environmental Remote Sensing” has arisen as a great tool of modern era to get fruitful and precise results to monitor these variations in atmospheric pollutants. The NASA’s (National Aeronautics and Space Administration), Geospatial Interactive Online Visualization ANd aNalysis Infrastructure (Giovanni) system provides access to a wide variety of NASA’s remote sensing data, Variety of environmental data types has permitted the use of Giovanni for different applications to define addition and increase in concentration of various pollutants. Spatio temporal variation of pollutants shows their concentration increased in last decade and in last three years the concentration boosted as compared to last seven years.

EXPLICIT-IMPLICIT DISCREPANCY IN MACRO-LEVEL MENTAL ILLNESS STIGMA IS LINKED TO PREVALENCE AND CARE

Introduction: This study explores the associations in the United States between each state's stereotypes about the dangerousness of people with mental illness and important outcomes for people with mental illness. Methods: Implicit association test and questionnaire data from 17,312 online participants were aggregated within states and years. Each state's annual average implicit and explicit stereotypes were used to predict state differences in prevalence, and treatment, unemployment, and homelessness among people with mental illness. Results: Implicit and explicit perceived dangerousness interact such that in states with low explicit perceived dangerousness, implicit perceived dangerousness is positively associated with all outcomes. In states with high explicit perceived dangerousness, implicit perceived dangerousness is negatively associated with homelessness. Discussion: Explicit-implicit discrepancy in macro-level perceived dangerousness is generally associated with worse outcomes for people with mental illness, but the effects are small. Macro-level stereotypes might have larger effects in smaller regions, like counties, than in states.

Mental health knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy among primary care physicians working in the Greater Tunis area of Tunisia

BackgroundNon-specialists’ involvement in mental health care is encouraged in the field of global mental health to address the treatment gap caused by mental illness, especially in low- and middle-income countries. While primary care physicians (PCPs) are involved in mental health care in Tunisia, a lower-middle-income country in North Africa, it is unclear to what extent they are prepared and willing to address mental health problems, substance use disorders, and suicide/self-harm. In this context, we aim (1) to report on mental health knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy among a sample of PCPs working in the Greater Tunis area, prior to the implementation of a mental health training program developed by the World Health Organization; and (2) to identify what characteristics are associated with these competencies.MethodsIn total, 112 PCPs completed questionnaires related to their socio-demographic and practice characteristics, as well as their mental health knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy. Descriptive analyses and regression models were performed.FindingsPCPs had more knowledge about depression, symptoms related to psychosis, and best practices after a suicide attempt; had favourable attitudes about distinctions between physical and mental health, learning about mental health, and the acceptance of colleagues with mental health issues; and believed most in their capabilities related to depression and anxiety. However, most PCPs had less knowledge about substance use disorders and myths about suicide attempts; had unfavorable attitudes about the dangerousness of people with mental health problems, personal disclosure of mental illness, non-specialists’ role in assessing mental health problems, and personal recovery; and believed the least in their capabilities related to substance use disorders, suicide/self-harm, and psychosis. Participation in previous mental health training, weekly hours (and weekly hours dedicated to mental health), weekly provision of psychoeducation, and certain work locations were associated with better mental health competencies, whereas mental health knowledge was negatively associated with weekly referrals to specialized services.ConclusionsFindings suggest that PCPs in our sample engage in mental health care, but with some gaps in competencies. Mental health training and increased interactions/involvement with people consulting for mental health issues may help further develop non-specialists’ mental health competencies, and integrate mental health into primary care settings.

The effect of media reporting of a homicide committed by a patient with schizophrenia on the public stigma and knowledge of psychosis among the general population of Hong Kong.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of media reporting of a homicide committed by a patient with schizophrenia on the knowledge about and stigma regarding psychosis among the general Hong Kong population. The effects of using the term 'schizophrenia (jing-shen-fen-lei)' in the news on the perceptions of the new Chinese term 'psychosis (si-jue-shi-tiao)' were explored. Random telephone surveys of the general Hong Kong population were conducted in April 2009 (1 month before the incident) and June 2009 (1 week after the incident). Stigma was measured with the Link's Perceived Discrimination-Devaluation Scale (LPDDS). Knowledge about the symptoms, treatment and belief of dangerousness of psychosis were assessed. The emotional reaction of the public to the news was explored, and its effects on knowledge and stigma were studied. Overall, 1016 and 506 participants completed the two surveys. More participants in the post-incident survey agreed that people with psychosis are dangerous to the public (χ2 = 4.934, p = 0.026). However, no significant differences were observed in the LPDDS scores. Participants who reported a high level of distress related to the news were more likely to perceive people with psychosis as dangerous to the public (χ2 = 6.738, p = 0.009). Women and older people reported greater distress. These findings suggest that media reporting of violent incidents involving people with schizophrenia increases the public belief in the dangerousness of people with psychosis but not the overall stigma. Further studies of the differential effects of violence reporting on public perceptions about people with psychosis and schizophrenia are warranted.

Fungi and diabetes

Fungi and diabetes

Beliefs about dangerousness of people with mental health problems: the role of media reports and personal exposure to threat or harm.

To assess the associations between beliefs about the dangerousness of people with mental health problems and exposure to media reports of violence or personal experiences of fear, threat or harm. Telephone interviews were carried out with 5220 Australians aged 18+. Respondents heard a vignette of a person with depression or early schizophrenia and were asked whether they believed him to be dangerous. Other questions covered past 12-month recall of media reports of violence and mental health problems, contact with and experiences of fear, threat or harm by people with mental health problems. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the associations between beliefs about dangerousness and media and these types of contact with people with mental health problems. For the early schizophrenia vignette, recall of media reports and having felt afraid of someone were associated with beliefs about dangerousness. For the depression vignette, media reports about violence and mental health problems or the experiences of feeling afraid or having been threatened or harmed were not strongly associated with beliefs about dangerousness. For both vignettes, knowing someone with a mental health problem and having a higher level of education were associated with less belief in dangerousness. Media reports may play a greater role in forming attitudes in low prevalence disorders and further efforts to reduce any adverse impact of media reporting should focus on these disorders. The study also supports the effectiveness of contact with people with mental health problems in reducing beliefs about dangerousness.

Examination of stigmatizing beliefs about depression and stigma-reduction effects of education by using implicit measures.

Stigmatizing beliefs about depression have been viewed as a barrier to seeking professional treatments. To reconsider frameworks used in previous research, the present study utilized Brief Implicit Association Tests (BIATs) and examined the following two topics: (i) whether participants tend to hold dangerous beliefs about depression, and (ii) whether stigmatizing beliefs can be reduced through education. Japanese university students (48 women, 82 men; M age=20.2 yr.) voluntarily participated in the study and were randomly assigned to three conditions in which they received different educational texts (biomedical, psychosocial, and bio-psychosocial). Participants completed repeated assessments (baseline, post-education, and 4-wk. follow-up), in which they were administered BIATs measuring beliefs about being weak-willed and dangerousness of people with depression, along with explicit measures of blameworthiness, dangerous beliefs, and of other related variables. BIATs at baseline indicated that the participants did not tend to hold the belief about dangerousness. There was no significant reduction of beliefs about being weak-willed and dangerousness of people with depression, which were measured by BIATs, after reading the educational texts.

An Innovative Study on Reuse of Demolished Concrete Waste

Nowadays the greatest crisis faced by the construction industry is the availability of sand. As the digging of river sand destroys the river bed and causes danger for people using the river, digging of river sand has been made illegal in most rivers. So getting river sand is really expensive nowadays as its availability is very limited. So more importance is now given nowadays for replacement of river sand as fine aggregate. Mostly used nowadays in Kerala is M-Sand. In our project we are trying to replace sand with crushed used (demolished) concrete. The concrete created with this aggregate showed almost the same strength of concrete with natural sand. This is not only much cheaper than river sand and M sand, but also helps to decrease the disposal of construction wastes, which environmentalists say degrades the land. So in the end use of this crushed concrete is beneficial not only to the contractor but also to our environment. This is an experimental study to see the feasibility of C&D wastes as fine aggregate in concrete.

The Mental Health Consequences of the Recession: Economic Hardship and Employment of People with Mental Health Problems in 27 European Countries

ObjectivesA period of economic recession may be particularly difficult for people with mental health problems as they may be at higher risk of losing their jobs, and more competitive labour markets can also make it more difficult to find a new job. This study assesses unemployment rates among individuals with mental health problems before and during the current economic recession.MethodsUsing individual and aggregate level data collected from 27 EU countries in the Eurobarometer surveys of 2006 and 2010, we examined changes in unemployment rates over this period among individuals with and without mental health problems.ResultsFollowing the onset of the recession, the gap in unemployment rates between individuals with and without mental health problems significantly widened (odds ratio: 1.12, 95% confidence interval: 1.03, 1.34). This disparity became even greater for males, and individuals with low levels of education. Individuals with mental health problems living in countries with higher levels of stigmatizing attitudes regarding dangerousness of people with mental illness were more vulnerable to unemployment in 2010, but not 2006. Greater agreement that people with mental health problems have themselves to blame, was associated with lower likelihood of unemployment for individuals with and without mental health problems.ConclusionThese findings study suggest that times of economic hardship may intensify social exclusion of people with mental health problems, especially males and individuals with lower education. Interventions to combat economic exclusion and to promote social participation of individuals with mental health problems are even more important during times of economic crisis, and these efforts should target support to the most vulnerable groups.

Belief in the dangerousness of people with mental disorders: A review

The scientific literature on stigma has been confused because there are multiple components of stigma with different correlates. In order to help make sense of this confusion, the present review focuses on research on one of the most commonly measured components - belief in dangerousness. The review examines: measurement of belief in dangerousness; prevalence of belief in dangerousness; characteristics of people who believe in dangerousness; experiences associated with belief in dangerousness; characteristics of people that elicit belief in dangerousness; the effects of psychiatric labelling; the effects of causal explanations; interventions to reduce belief in dangerousness; and effects on help-seeking. It is concluded that future research needs to focus on rigorous evaluation of interventions to reduce belief in dangerousness and the impact of this belief on people affected by mental disorders.

Brief communication "Tree impacts into a flexible rockfall protection system"

Abstract. In hilly terrain, on account of both timber exploitation as well as severe storms, fallen tree trunks can begin to slide, thus constituting a source of danger for people and infrastructure. Any flexible rockfall protection system that is installed under such conditions should also be designed to withstand these unique loading conditions (falling trees). A series of tests was successfully conducted with free-falling trunks. The tests showed the behaviour of a rockfall protection system, also in comparison to similar rockfall events. Numerical simulations were performed to check performance against the field tests. It could be shown that barriers can be tested and designed for tree impacts according to similar rockfall impacts.

Securing the radiological safety of people and the environment at all stages of the life cycle of floating nuclear heat-and-power plants

A floating nuclear heat-and-power plant utilizes atomic energy to supply heat and electricity in remote coastal territories. The danger for people and the environment together with cost-effectiveness will be the decisive factors in choosing such a plant as a source of energy. Validation is given for the need to develop the concept of human and environmental safety security for future, serially produced, floating nuclear heatand-power plants.