Dalton's Lymphoma Ascites Cells Research Articles

Cordyceps militaris: A Comprehensive Study on Laboratory Cultivation and Anticancer Potential in Dalton's Ascites Lymphoma Tumor Model.

Cancer, a predominant cause of mortality, poses a formidable challenge in our pursuit of elevating life expectancy. Throughout history, individuals have sought natural remedies with minimal side effects as an appealing substitute for chemotherapeutic drugs. One such remedy is Cordyceps militaris, a renowned medicinal mushroom deeply entrenched in Asian ethnomedicine. Revered for its rejuvenating and curative attributes, it relied upon for ages. The mushroom's soaring demand outpaced natural availability, necessitating controlled laboratory cultivation as the core focus and exploring the potential of methanolic extracts from harvested Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies against Dalton's Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) cells in vitro, with a specific emphasis on its anticancer traits. For cultivation, we employed a diverse range of rice substrates, among which bora rice showed promising growth of C. militaris fruiting bodies. To assess DLA cell cytotoxicity, several assays, including trypan blue exclusion assay, MTT assay, and LDH assay, were employed at different time points (24-96 h), which provided valuable insights on DLA cell viability and proliferation, shedding light on its therapeutic potential against cancer. Our studies unveiled that methanolic extract prompts apoptosis in DLA cells via AO/EB dual staining, manifesting consistent apoptosis indicators such as membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, nuclei fragmentation, and cellular shrinkage at 48-96 h of treatment. Furthermore, these striking repercussions of apoptosis were comprehended by an in silico approach having molecular docking simulation against antiapoptotic proteins like BCL-2, BCL-XL, MCL-1, BFL-1 HSP100. Methanolic C. militaris extracts exhibited cytotoxicity and apoptotic alterations in DLA cells.

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles from marine bacteria and evaluation of antimicrobial, antifungal and cytotoxic effects

BackgroundMarine bacteria, a relatively untapped resource, have shown potential for synthesizing nanoparticles with distinct properties. MethodsThe AgNPs were synthesized by using the marine bacteria Planococcus maritimus MBP-2 as a reducing and capping agent. The nanoparticles produced were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, TEM and FTIR. The Planococcus maritimus MBP-2 synthesized AgNPs adhered antibacterial activity against selected both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, and antifungal such Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium commune and Penicillium digitatum. and the cytotoxic effect of Dalton’s Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) cell lines. ResultsThe formation of AgNPs by bacteria was confirmed visually by a shift in color of the solution and the presence of UV-absorption maxima at 440 nm. The TEM images revealed spherical and cubic structures, with an average size of 24.9 nm. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of some functional groups by showing peaks at 3330 and 1636 cm−1. The AgNPs exhibited minimal antibacterial activity except P. aeruginosa. (11 mm). Whereas, inhibiting the growth of the fungi belonging to genus Aspergillus than to Penicillium. Also, in vitro cytotoxicity of AgNPs was evaluated using Dalton’s Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) cell lines. The percentage of cell death was maximum (95.4 ± 2.16) at 20 µg/mL, indicating an excellent cytotoxic efficiency of AgNPs against DLA cells from the peritoneal cavity of the tumor-bearing mouse. ConclusionThis study suggests that Planococcus maritimus MBP-2 bacteria-mediated AgNPs can effectively be used as a potential biomedical agent.

Protective effect of aqueous extract of Pleurotus eous against Dalton's lymphoma ascites tumor in mice

The antitumor efficacy of Pleurotus eous aqueous extract (PEAE) was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. The MTT test was used to determine in vitro cytotoxicity against the Dalton's Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) cell line. PEAE's in vivo antitumor effect was compared to that of the conventional drug cyclophosphamide in a DLA-induced solid tumor model. After 24 h following DLA inoculation, experimental animals were given PEAE (500 and 1000 mg/kg bw) and cyclophosphamide (CTX, 25 mg/kg bw) orally for 30 days. PEAE was also subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening as part of the research. PEAE has a high total phenolic (9.63 GAE mg/g) and total flavonoid (3.81 CAE mg/g) content, according to phytochemical analyses. The phytochemical components of PEAE were identified by HPTLC analysis, which revealed three phenolic and one flavonoid compound peaks. PEAE exhibited antioxidant capacity, as per ABTS and FRAP assays. At 1000 μg/mL, anti-proliferative activity against the DLA cell line was moderately inhibited. PEAE reduced tumor burden in a dose-dependent way. At 500 and 1000 mg/mL PEAE treatment, there was a significant decrease in tumor volume (62.47 and 72.13%), tumor weight (53.32 and 73.72%), and improved longevity (30.89 and 58.14%). PEAE restored normal haematological and serum biochemical profiles in a dose-dependent manner, with a concurrent decrease in lipid peroxides and an increase in enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants. Major chemical components of PEAE may be responsible for the anticancer effect, which was attributed to its enhancing endogenous mechanism, according to this study. The usefulness of PEAE as a possible naturally sourced therapeutic target for tumor prevention is emphasised.

In vitro cytotoxicity of Tinospora cordifolia stem extract in Daltons Lymphoma Ascites cell lines

Tinospora cordifolia (TC) is one of the most versatile medicinal plants in Ayurvedic medicine used for the treatment of various ailments. The present study was carried out to investigate the in vitro cytotoxicity of the aqueous extract of TC stems on Dalton’s lymphoma ascites (DLA) cell lines in comparison with a reference drug, cisplatin through 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-phenyl tetrazolium bromide assay (MTT) and Trypan blue dye exclusion methods. Phytochemical analysis of aqueous extract of TC revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides, phenols, anthraquinones, quinones, saponin, carbohydrates and proteins. The MTT assay revealed that the mean per cent inhibition of cells at the test concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320, 640 μg/mL ranged from 6.848 ±0.01 to 59.686 ±0.13 for TC extract and from 29.129 ±0.13 to 80.902 ±0.05 for cisplatin, respectively. The IC50values of TC and cisplatin in DLA cells were estimated to be 72.05 μg/mL and 65.44μg/mL respectively. Trypan blue dye exclusion revealed the mean per cent cell viability to be 59.40 ±0.04 and 55.17 ±0.01 for TC stem extract and cisplatin respectively. The mean percent cell viability and inhibition differed between TC extract and cisplatin at IC50 as well as at any given concentration significantly (p<0.01). The tests revealed that the cytotoxic effect of TC extract on DLA cells was moderate and to a comparable extent with cisplatin. The results pointed out that TC induced cytotoxicity in DLA cells indicative of its probable apoptotic potential and therapeutic merit in the treatment of lymphomas.

Anticancer Activity of the Bioactive Extract of the Morel Mushroom (Morchella elata, Ascomycetes) from Kashmir Himalaya (India) and Identification of Major Bioactive Compounds.

Morel mushrooms, Morchella species are highly nutritional, excellently edible and medicinal. Anticancer activity of M. elata, growing in forests of Kashmir Himalaya was studied. Ethyl acetate extract of fruiting bodies of M. elata (MEAE) was evaluated for cytotoxicity by MTT assay using Daltons lymphoma ascites (DLA), human colon cancer (HCT-116) and normal cell lines. Anti-carcinogenic and antiangiogenic activities of MEAE were tested using mouse models. Proapoptotic activity was detected by double staining of acridine orange-ethidium bromide assay. MEAE was partially purified by column chromatography and the bioactive compounds were identified by LC-MS analysis. The bioactive extract of M. elata showed significant cytotoxicic activity against DLA (P < 0.05), HCT-116 cell lines (P < 0.05) and did not possess appreciable adverse effect on the viability of normal cells. At a concentration of 100 µg/mL, 60% cell death was observed in HCT-116 cell line while 80% cell death was found in DLA cell line. The extract also possessed profound anticarcinogenic, antiangiogenic and proapoptotic activities. LC-MS analysis showed celastrol (RT 9.504, C29H38O4, MW 450.27), convallatoxin (RT 9.60, C29H42O10, MW 550.27), cucurbitacin A (RT 11.97, C32H46O9, MW 574.71) and madecassic acid (RT 14.35, C30H48O6, MW 504.70) as the major bioactive components. Current experimental studies indicated that bioactive extract of M. elata possessed significant anticancer activity. Being an excellently edible mushroom, the potential therapeutic use of M. elata and its bioactive extract in complementary therapy of cancer is envisaged.

Facile and Green Fabrication of Highly Competent Surface-Modified Chlorogenic Acid Silver Nanoparticles: Characterization and Antioxidant and Cancer Chemopreventive Potential.

The eco-friendly, cost-effective, and green fabrication of nanoparticles is considered a promising area of nanotechnology. Here, we report on the green synthesis and characterization of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-decorated chlorogenic acid silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-CGA-BSA) and the studies undertaken to verify their plausible antioxidant and antineoplastic effects. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared analyses depict an average mean particle size of ∼96 nm, spherical morphology, and nanocrystalline structure of AgNPs-CGA-BSA. DPPH scavenging and inhibition of lipid peroxidation signify the noticeable in vitro antioxidant potential of the nanoparticles. The in vitro experimental results demonstrate that AgNPs-CGA-BSA shows significant cytotoxicity to Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) cells and generates an enhanced intracellular reactive oxygen species and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in DLA cells. Furthermore, mechanism investigation divulges the pivotal role of the downregulated expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and these ultimately lead to apoptotic chromatin condensation in AgNPs-CGA-BSA-treated DLA cells. In addition, in vivo experiments reveal an excellent decrease in tumor cell count, an increase in serum GSH and CAT, SOD, and glutathione peroxidase activities, and a decrease in the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in DLA-bearing mice after AgNPs-CGA-BSA treatment. These findings suggest that the newly synthesized biogenic green silver nanoparticles have remarkable in vitro antioxidant and antineoplastic efficacy that triggers cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and chromatin condensation in DLA cells and in vivo anticancer efficacy that enhances the host antioxidant status, and these might open a new path in T-cell lymphoma therapy.

Pithecellobium dulce induces apoptosis and reduce tumor burden in experimental animals via regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-apoptotic gene expression

The present study demonstrates the efficacy of fruit extract of Pithecellobium dulce (FPD) against Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) cell lines in vitro and in vivo (DLA induced ascitic and solid tumor). Administration of FPD induced apoptosis in DLA cells via p53 regulation both in vitro and in vivo. Cell viability was quantified by MTT assay. Apoptotic cells were determined by qualitative (staining methods) and quantitative analysis (Annexin-propidium iodide based flow cytometry). Expression of pro-apoptotic markers (Caspase 3, Caspase 9, and Bax) were markedly elevated, while expression of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl 2 and Bcl XL) were downregulated in tumor cells. FPD administration effectively reduced tumor burden, increased mean survival time via modulating NF-kB, and reduced the level of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, GM-CSF and TNF-α). Phytochemical screening of FPD by GC/MS analysis divulged the presence of several novel bioactive chemical constituents. Further, bioactive components identified from extract were evaluated for drug-like properties by Lipinski rule of five and properties. Naringenin, nootkatone, and gallic acid showed good drug-like properties and good pharmacokinetic profiles compared to other bioactive constituents in the extract.

Antiproliferative activity of leaf, fruit pericarp essential oils of Syzygium palodense

BackgroundSyzygium palodense is an unexplored species endemic to the southern Western Ghats in India. PurposeHere we report the chemical profiles of essential oils (EOs) of the leaves and fruit pericarps of S. palodense and their antiproliferative activities against C6 glioma and Dalton's Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) cells. MethodsS. palodense leaves and fruit pericarp EOs were isolated by hydrodistillation and characterized by gas chromatographic (GC/FID, GC/MS) techniques. Antiproliferative activities of EOs were elucidated by MTT, phase contrast/fluorescent microscopic and flow cytometric assays. ResultsThirty six (99.92%) constituents were identified from S. palodense fruit pericarp EO, with (E)-β-ocimene (63.20%), myrcene (15.79%) and (Z)-β-ocimene (9.70%) as its major constituents. Sixty nine (99.40%) constituents were identified in the leaf EO, and the major ones were (E)-β-ocimene (30.58%), (E)-caryophyllene (14.23%), δ-selinene (13.89%), γ-himachalene (7.59%), myrcene (8.38%) and (Z)-β-ocimene (5.68%). Both leaf and fruit pericarp EOs showed significant cytotoxicity in C6 glioma and Dalton's Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) cells with very low CD50 values of 1.8, 1.2 µg/ml and 4.8, 1.1 µg/ml, respectively. MTT, phase contrast/fluorescent microscopic and flow cytometric assays revealed the cytotoxic mechanism of these EOs in C6 glioma and DLA cells as induction of apoptosis. ConclusionThis is the first report of the chemical profiles and biological activities of EOs of S. palodense. Both leaf and fruit pericarp EOs displayed strong antiproliferative activity (very low CD50 values) against C6 glioma and DLA cells.

Pyrazole (1, 2-diazole) induce apoptosis in lymphoma cells by targeting BCL-2 and BCL-XL genes and mitigate murine solid tumour development by regulating cyclin-D1 and Ki-67 expression

Pyrazole or 1,2-Diazole is a five-membered heteroaromatic ring with two nitrogen atoms which is widely used in pharmacological research and organic synthesis. Several natural and synthetic pyrazole derivatives possess anti-cancer potential and some of them have underwent clinical trials. In this aspect, an investigation into the efficiency of the pyrazole nucleus to inhibit the growth and progression of various cancer cell lines/ experimental tumours would help in giving a better clarity to the anti-cancer behaviour of pyrazole containing drugs. This paper investigates the efficiency of pyrazole against Dalton's Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) cell line. Pyrazole inhibited the growth of DLA cells in vitro by committing them towards apoptosis. In vitro results were consistent in DLA induced murine solid tumour in vivo systems. Drug-treatment improved survival, reduced tumour loads, stabilized body weights and improved the haematological and serum biochemical parameters of DLA solid tumour bearing mice, thereby improving their overall survivability. Drug administration contained the aggravation of solid tumour by targeted downregulation of Cyclin-D1 and Ki-67. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of anti-apoptotic genes, BCL-2 and BCL-XL were downregulated in solid tumours, corroborating the in vitro results that pyrazole encourage apoptotic cell death in DLA cells. The new findings establish pyrazole as a potential anti-cancer drug candidate. The results must encourage future investigations into the efficacy of the drug against various cancer types.

Amomum subulatum Induces Apoptosis in Tumor Cells and Reduces Tumor Burden in Experimental Animals via Modulating Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines

This study investigates the anticancer potential of methanolic extract of A. subulatum dry fruits (MEAS) in Dalton’s Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) cells in vitro and on DLA induced ascitic and solid tumor-bearing mice. MEAS induced apoptosis in DLA cells and MEAS administration effectively reduced tumor burden, and increased life span via modulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and regulating NF-κB pathway. MEAS seemed to be much safer than the standard drug cyclophosphamide, as the latter was associated with adverse effects such as body weight loss, depletion of hemoglobin level and hepatotoxicity, suggesting A. subulatum as a potential nutraceutical against cancer.

Antitumour activity of Annona muricata L. leaf methanol extracts against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma and Dalton’s Lymphoma Ascites mediated tumours in Swiss albino mice

ABSTRACT The use of plants as a source of sedative or treatment for cancer is reasonably widespread worldwide. Annona muricata Linn exhibits a vast array of medicinal and ethno-pharmaceutical benefits, attributed by different plant parts. The activity of this plant is regarded to the bio-production of secondary metabolites like alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, and most unique group of compounds, namely, annonaceous acetogenins. Whilst this plant is gaining popularity as an anticancer treating plant, this study was undertaken to verify the plausible anticancer effect of leaf methanol extracts of A. muricata (LEAM). Acute toxicity study was carried to obtain safe dose in mice models using haematological, biochemical, and histological evaluations in Swiss albino mice. In-vitro cytotoxicity towards Dalton’s Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cell lines were determined by trypan blue exclusion method. In-vivo antitumour activity of LEAM (100, 200, and 500mg/kg b.wt.) was evaluated using DLA induced solid carcinoma and EAC induced ascites carcinoma models and its comparison with standard drug Cisplatin. Acute toxicity studies did not exhibit significant variations in treated mice suggesting diminutive side effects of LEAM. Statistical analysis revealed the IC50 values for DLA and EAC cell lines as 85.56 ± 5.28 and 68.07 ± 7.39 µg/mL, respectively, indicating better cytotoxic activity against EAC than DLA cells. LEAM decreased the tumour burden in dose-dependent manner. In comparison, with different concentrations tested, treatment with LEAM (200 mg/kg b.wt. and 500 mg/kg b.wt.) significantly reduced the solid tumour volume development by 58.11% and 65.70%, respectively. While lifespan was prolonged up to 51.43% in 500 mg/kg b.wt. LEAM treated ascites tumour-induced mice. This study thus indicates that LEAM possesses potent cytotoxic and antineoplastic activity and calls for more methodical safety assessments and other end-points of anti-tumourigenesis. Abbreviations: LEAM: Leaf methanol extract of Annona muricata; DLA: Dalton’s Lymphoma Ascites; EAC: Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma; IC50 : Half maximal inhibitory concentration; CPCSEA: Committee for the Purpose of Control Supervision of Experiments on Animal; IAEC: Institutional Animal Ethics Committee; ARRIVE: Animal Research: Reporting In-vivo Experiments; DMSO: Dimethyl sulphoxide; LD50 : Lethal Dose, 50%; SD: Standard Deviation; Hb: Haemoglobin; RBC: Red blood cells; WBC: White blood cells; HCT: Hematocrit; MCV: Mean cell volume; MCH: Mean cell haemoglobin; MCHC: Mean cell haemoglobin concentration; SALP: Serum alkaline phosphatase; SGPT: Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase; SGOT: Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; ATP: Adenosine triphosphate; EGFR: Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor

In vitro anticancer potential of Anaphyllum wightii Schott. against Dalton’s lymphoma ascites cell lines and molecular docking studies of β-sitosterol

Cancer is the second most life threatening noncommunicable disease in humans that challenges the mankind with its multifactorial etiology. Even though various treatment strategies such as radiation therapy, chemotherapy, etc. are commonly used for this disease, researches are being focussed on developing plant-derived novel anticancer compounds that lack side effects . There were no previous reports on the anticancer potential of the ethnomedicinally important plant Anaphyllum wightii Schott . (Araceae). Hence, in the present study, we evaluated the in vitro cytotoxic effects of A. wightii on Dalton’s lymphoma ascites (DLA) tumor cell line. Interestingly, the acetone extract of rhizome showed much lower LC 50 value (14.27 μg/ mL) for the DLA cell line compared to that of normal rat spleen cells (1189.23 μg/mL), revealing its significant anticancer potential. The molecular docking analysis showed β-sitosterol, present in the rhizome, as a promising lead molecule for the development of cytochrome P450 1 A1 inhibitors, which may provide potential anticancer agents

Malvidin Abrogates Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Mediators to Inhibit Solid and Ascitic Tumor Development in Mice.

The anticancer activity of malvidin was studied in Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA)-induced solid and ascitic tumor mice models. Malvidin is a natural compound belonging to the family of O-methylated anthocyanidin and plays a predominant role in regulating both short- and long-term cellular activities. Animals were injected with DLA cells (1.5 × 106 cells/animal) to induce solid and ascitic tumors. The administration of malvidin (5 mg/kg bw and 10 mg/kg bw) was carried out for 10 consecutive days from the day of tumor induction for both solid and ascitic tumors. Cyclophosphamide, CTX (25 mg/kg bw), used as the standard drug, was also administered for 10 consecutive days. Treatment with malvidin showed a significant reduction in tumor volume and elevated white blood cell (WBC) count when compared to the DLA-bearing control animals. The treatment also maintained the body weight and hemoglobin level, and decreases in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were also noted. This investigation also reported the decreased levels of cellular glutathione (GSH) in ascitic tumor groups. Malvidin reduced inflammatory mediator and cytokine levels, such as tumor necrosis factor level alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), which serve as molecular targets for cancer prevention. A decrease in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), like nitric oxide (NO), was observed. Histopathological examination revealed altered morphological changes in tumor tissue and the alleviation of hepatic architecture due to DLA. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the inhibition of iNOS. This study demonstrated that malvidin exhibited significant in vivo antitumor activity and that it was reasonably imputable to its increasing endogenous mechanism. We accent the pertinence of malvidin as a potential naturally derived drug target for tumor control.

Novel Thiazine Substituted 9-Anilinoacridines: Synthesis, Antitumour Activity and Structure Activity Relationships.

9-anilinoacridines are acting as DNA-intercalating agents which plays an important role as antitumor drugs, due to their anti-proliferative properties. Some anticancer agents contain 9- anilinoacridines such as amsacrine (m-AMSA), and nitracrine (Ledakrine) have been already developed. In this study, novel 9-anilinoacridines substituted with thiazines 4a-r were designed, synthesized, characterized by physical and spectral data and their cytotoxic activities against DLA cell lines were evaluated. Among those compounds, 4b, c, e, g, i, j, k, m, o, p, q, r exhibited significant short term in vitro cytotoxic activity against Daltons lymphoma ascites (DLA) cells with CTC50 value of 0.18 to 0.31μM. The compounds 4b, c, e, g, i, j, k, m, o, p, q, r are also exhibited significant long term in vitro anti-tumour activity against human tumor cell lines, HEp-2 (laryngeal epithelial carcinoma) by Sulforhodamine B assay with CTC50 value of 0.20 to 0.39μM. The compounds 4b, i, j exhibited significant in vivo antitumor activity with % Increase in Life Span (ILS) 48-82%. Results obtained in this study clearly demonstrated that many of the thiazine substituted 9- anilinoacridines exert interesting anti-tumour activity. The compounds 4b, i, j have significant anti-tumour activity and useful drugs after further refinement. The above derivatives will encourage to design future antitumor agents with high therapeutic potentials.

IN VITRO CYTOTOXICITY ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC LEAF AND FRUIT EXTRACT OF ZANTHOXYLUM OVALIFOLIUM WIGHT AGAINST DALTON’S LYMPHOMA ASCITES AND EHRLICH ASCITES CARCINOMA CANCER CELL LINES

Objectives: The objective of the present study, the methanolic leaf and fruit extraction of Zanthoxylum ovalifolium, was examined for in vitro cytotoxicity using trypan blue dye exclusion technique.&#x0D; Methodology: In vitro cytotoxicity activity of methanolic leaf and fruit extracts of Z. ovalifolium. Against Dalton’s lymphoma ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell lines evaluated using trypan blue exclusion method. Non-viable cell absorbs blue color of trypan blue while viable cell does not absorb the dye. The percentage of total number of viable and non-viable cells is calculated using % viability=(live cell count/total cell count)×100.&#x0D; Results: Cytotoxicity activity of methanolic leaf and fruit extract against chosen tumor cell line at different concentrations of 10, 20, 50,100, and 200 μg/ml, respectively. The result confirmed that the fruit extract at 200 showed less toxic effect against DLA and EAC cell line showed 72% and 75% of inhibition growth of cell line and the most potent 80% and 82% of cell death were found in leaf extract against the chosen tumor cell line. The present study indicates that both leaf and fruit extract of Z. ovalifolium were appreciable antitumor activity against DLA and EAC cell lines may be due to the presence of phytochemicals such as flavonoids and alkaloids present in the plant.&#x0D; Conclusion: Zanthoxylum ovalifolium wight fruit and leaf methanolic extracts showed satisfying result of cytotoxicity activity against DLA and EAC cell line. Hence, Z.ovalifolium could be suggested as an important source of anticancer agent for pharmacological industries.

Design, Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Site Specific Short Chain Cationic Peptide

In spite of current progress in treatment methods, cancer is a major source of morbidity and death rate all over the world. Traditional chemotherapeutic agents aim to divide cancerous cells, are often associated with deleterious side effects to healthy cells and tissues. Host defense peptides Cecropin A and B obtained from insects are capable to lyses various types of human cancer cells at peptide concentrations which are not fatal to normal eukaryotic cells. In the present work we have designed short chain α-helical linear and cyclic peptide from cecropin A having same cationic charge, hydrophobicity and helicity. Synthesis of designed novel short chain linear (10) and cyclic compound (12) was accomplished by using solution phase method. All the coupling reactions were carried out by using dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) as the coupling reagent at room temperature in the presence of N-methylmorpholine (NMM) as the base. The Structure of newly synthesized peptidse were elucidated by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FT-IR, FABMS and elemental analysis data.Cytotoxicity of synthesized compound was tested against Dalton's Lymphoma Ascites (DLA), Ehrlich's Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) and MCF-7 cell lines by using MTT assay and 5-FU as reference compound. From biological assessment,it was found that short chain cyclicpeptide12 showed high level of cytotoxic activity against DLA and EAC cell lines. By utilizing a structure-based rational approach to anticancer peptide design from cecropin A, we were able to develop short chain linear and cyclic peptides having same charge, hydrophobicity and with improved activity. Systematically removing amino acids, we were able to retaining peptide charge and hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity in linear and cyclic peptide which results to optimize the anticancer activity against DLA and EAC cell lines.

Synthesis of spheroid shaped silver nanoparticles using Indian traditional medicinal plant Flacourtia indica and their in vitro anti-proliferative activity

The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized by physical and chemical methods are not much desirable due to the use of high energy consumption, environmentally toxic and biological hazards chemicals. Therefore green synthesis of AgNPs using natural plant extract is more appropriate method. Hence, in the present work we have employed an anti-cancer plant, which is used in Indian system of medicine Flacourtia indica to develop the AgNPs and also revealed their anticancer potential in Dalton Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) cell line model. Among the solvent extracts of F. indica, methanol extract was found to contain higher level of yield (5.14 g/100 g) and total phenolic compounds (9104 mg gallic acid equivalents/L) with good antioxidant power. Hence the preparation of methanolic extract from F. indica was optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), which indicated that 88% of methanol concentration, 50 °C of temperature and 88 min of extraction time results in higher phenolic yield. The optimized F. indica extract strongly reduced the silver into AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy scanning (major peak at 455 nm), transmission electron microscopy (particle size of 14–24 nm) and zeta potential (−15 mV). The higher level of anti-proliferative activity (76.97%) was noted for AgNPs when compared to crude extract in DLA cell line model through cytotoxicity assay.

IN VITRO ANTICANCER POTENTIAL OF BIOSYNTHESIZED ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES FROM THE SEAWEED TURBINARIA CONOIDES

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the anticancer potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and hydroethanolic extract of Turbinaria conoides (HETC) against Dalton’s lymphoma ascites (DLA) cell line. Methods: Nanoparticles were synthesized from the HETC. An ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometric analysis was performed to confirm the formation of ZnO-NPs. Size, morphology, and elemental composition of ZnO-NPs were also analyzed using scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray diffraction. The cytotoxic activity of ZnO-NPs and HETC was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-. 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and trypan blue dye exclusion assays on DLA cells. The apoptosis inducing the effect was observed through acridine orange staining method (AO and EB) and DNA ladder assay. Results: The results of in vitro cytotoxic studies by MTT and trypan blue dye exclusion assays on DLA cell line in the presence of ZnO-NPs showed an IC50 value of 23.13 and 25.81 μg/ml, respectively. The DNA ladder assay and AO/EB staining clearly demonstrated that the ZnO-NPs at 50 μg/ml concentration induced a maximum apoptosis in DLA cells when compared with HETC. Conclusion: In the present study, the cytotoxic and apoptotic inducing effect of the synthesized ZnO-NPs and HETC were assessed, and it was found that ZnO-NPs possessed potent anticancer effect against DLA cells.

In Vivo Anticancer Activity of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle using Turbinaria conoides on a Dalton's Lymphoma Ascites Mice Model.

In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the anticancer effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) synthesized from Turbinaria conoides against a murine model of Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA). Nanoparticles were synthesized from the hydroethanolic extract of T. conoides (HETC). An ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometric analysis was performed to confirm the formation of ZnO-NPs. Size, morphology, and elemental composition of ZnO-NPs were also analyzed using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (SEM-EDX). Healthy Swiss albino mice were intraperitoneally induced with DLA cells and treated with ZnO-NPs and HETC at a dose of 50 μg/kg (p.o.). The effects of ZnO-NPs and HETC on body weight, tumor volume, hematological profile, and liver biochemical parameters were studied. The results of in vivo studies revealed that the treatment with ZnO-NPs and HETC decreased the tumor volume, thereby increasing the lifespan of DLA-bearing mice. The treatment also restored the alterations in hematological profile, antioxidant status, and activities of liver marker enzymes. These histopathological results provided the evidence for the protective effect of ZnO-NPs and HETC on DLA-induced mice. Thus, we conclude that ZnO-NPs possess more significant anticancer and antioxidant activities in DLA-bearing mice than HETC.

POTENTIAL ANTI-TUMOR AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF SIX MISTLETOE PLANTS IN THE FAMILY VISCACEAE PRESENT IN WESTERN GHATS, INDIA

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo find out the cytotoxicity, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities of six species of plants belongs to Viscaeceae family available in Western Ghats (India).MethodsIn vitro cytotoxicity of Viscum extracts was studied by trypan blue exclusion method and MTT assay using various cell lines. Anti-tumor activity was determined using Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) and Dalton’s lymphoma ascites (DLA) cells in mice. Anti-inflammatory activities of Viscum extracts were studied using carrageenan and dextran induced mouse paw edema models in mice.ResultsAll six Viscaeceae plant extracts studied were cytotoxic towards transformed cell lines like DLA and EAC as well as to MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and SKBR3 cell lines. V.orientale, V.nepalense and V.ramosissimum, V.trilobatum were cytotoxic towards normal cells while V.angulatum and V.capitellatum were found to be nontoxic. Excepting V.angulatum all the other species selected here showed toxicity to animals. Administration of nontoxic concentration of extracts of Viscaeceae plants significantly (P&lt;0.001) increased the lifespan of ascites tumor bearing animals and reduced DLA cells induced solid tumor development. All these plants except V.capitallatum and V.trilobatum showed significant (P&lt;0.001) anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenan and dextran models and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels.ConclusionOut of six species studied four species of Viscum species studied were cytotoxic to tumour cells and inhibited tumour development. Of the six species studied V. angulatum was non-toxic to animals and showed maximum efficiency as an antitumour agent. These plants showed significant anti-inflammatory activity and reduced inflammatory markers.