Abstract
Objectives: The objective of the present study, the methanolic leaf and fruit extraction of Zanthoxylum ovalifolium, was examined for in vitro cytotoxicity using trypan blue dye exclusion technique.
 Methodology: In vitro cytotoxicity activity of methanolic leaf and fruit extracts of Z. ovalifolium. Against Dalton’s lymphoma ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell lines evaluated using trypan blue exclusion method. Non-viable cell absorbs blue color of trypan blue while viable cell does not absorb the dye. The percentage of total number of viable and non-viable cells is calculated using % viability=(live cell count/total cell count)×100.
 Results: Cytotoxicity activity of methanolic leaf and fruit extract against chosen tumor cell line at different concentrations of 10, 20, 50,100, and 200 μg/ml, respectively. The result confirmed that the fruit extract at 200 showed less toxic effect against DLA and EAC cell line showed 72% and 75% of inhibition growth of cell line and the most potent 80% and 82% of cell death were found in leaf extract against the chosen tumor cell line. The present study indicates that both leaf and fruit extract of Z. ovalifolium were appreciable antitumor activity against DLA and EAC cell lines may be due to the presence of phytochemicals such as flavonoids and alkaloids present in the plant.
 Conclusion: Zanthoxylum ovalifolium wight fruit and leaf methanolic extracts showed satisfying result of cytotoxicity activity against DLA and EAC cell line. Hence, Z.ovalifolium could be suggested as an important source of anticancer agent for pharmacological industries.
Highlights
Cancer is the second major foremost cause of human death after cardiovascular diseases [1,2]
The result confirmed that the fruit extract at 200 showed less toxic effect against Dalton’s lymphoma ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell line showed 72% and 75% of inhibition growth of cell line and the most potent 80% and 82% of cell death were found in leaf extract against the chosen tumor cell line
The present study indicates that both leaf and fruit extract of Z. ovalifolium were appreciable antitumor activity against DLA and EAC cell lines may be due to the presence of phytochemicals such as flavonoids and alkaloids present in the plant
Summary
Cancer is the second major foremost cause of human death after cardiovascular diseases [1,2]. Cancer is a disease in which the cell undergoes abnormal and multiple growth of cell in human body with the great power to invade or spread to other parts of the body [3]; there are about 100 types of cancer including breast cancer, skin cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, and lymphoma. With changing or sedentary lifestyle including food practice and exposure to different types of chemicals and radiation, as due to availability of curative treatment for many infectious diseases, cancer is surpassing other illnesses as a principle cause of morbidity and mortality even in developing countries [4]. There are different modern ways present to treat cancer such as chemotherapy, surgery, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and stem cell therapy, but these treatments are expensive, mutilating, have a narrow margin of safety. The present-day research is aimed on considerable scientific and commercial interest in new identification of novel, safe, and low cost with most effective anticancer drug from natural plant source
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