Dak Lak Province Research Articles

Assessing the acceptability of the health education program in Dengue prevention and control in Buon Ma Thuot city in Dak Lak province, Vietnam

Dengue fever is a serious human arboviral infection that globally spreads and is a top concern amongst health care professionals and governments including Vietnam. The best measure to prevent and control dengue is vector control which is supported by social mobilization and health education. This study assessed the acceptability of health education programs in dengue fever prevention and control for the first time in Dak Lak Province, which is located in the endemic area of dengue fever in Vietnam. This study was an implementation research with qualitative methods. Nine in-depth interviews and six focus group discussions involving thirty-four informants were conducted at province, district, and ward levels. The acceptability was analyzed based on the seven components of the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability. Thirty-four informants ranging from ages 26 to 54 years participated. All belonged to the delivering or receiving groups of the health education program. The years of experience of the delivering group were at least two years with the health education program in dengue prevention and control and all individuals in the receiving group participated in the program. Six components, namely affective attitude, perceived effectiveness, intervention coherence, ethicality, and self-efficacy, were coded in all transcripts. Meanwhile, none of the interviews mentioned the opportunity cost. Overall, the acceptability of the health education program in dengue fever prevention and control was considered to be positive. However, the transformation from education to behavior requires time for acceptance and the persistence of the education program. Besides, the major burden of the program was the limited budget that could lead to inadequate facilities for indirect communication and low human resources.

Thực trạng tuân thủ điều trị Methadone và một số yếu tố ảnh hưởng của bệnh nhân điều trị tại Trung tâm kiểm soát bệnh tật tỉnh Đắk Lắk năm 2022

The study aimed to identify treatment adherence and its influencing factors among patients attending the methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) at the Center for Disease Control in Dak Lak province. The mixed methods research was applied in this study. The quantitative data used the questionnaire to examine the situation of treatment adherence, while the qualitative data was collected by in-depth interview guidelines to explore the influencing factors. The study was conducted from October 2021 to October 2022. The data was collected from June to July in the Center for Disease Control in Dak Lak province. Of the 185 patients, 17.8% had dropped out of MMT, whereas 82.2% had perceived adherence to methadone treatment. The most-cited reasons for dropping out of MMT were: Busy (62.1%), Forgetting (34.5%), Lack of transportation (17.2%), No one reminded (13.8%), Late (6.9%), Change of residence (6.9%), Economic difficulties (3.5%), Health problems (3.5%). The influencing factors related to methadone adherence include: Living without a husband/wife, being experienced discrimination for 30 days, and finding it challenging to reach out on methadone during the Covid-19 pandemic. The quantitative results show that the family factors and methadone treatment services were not associated with methadone adherence; however, the qualitative results highlight that these factors were more likely to influence methadone adherence. Based on this study’s findings, treatment facilities should be improved the process of methadone treatment, such as minimizing the administrative procedures for patients and arranging the earlier time than office hours. In addition, health workers should be trained to provide psychological support for patients. Keywords: Disease Control in Dak Lak province, methadone, influencing factors.

The transition of small-scale coffee farming systems and new pathways for coffee production: A case study in the central highlands of Vietnam

The dynamics of agriculture in general and coffee farming systems need to be investigated to derive insights for policies and interventions to promote sustainable agriculture. Through a systematic approach, including historical and adaptive ones, the study aims to probe the spatial-temporal transition of coffee farming systems. We found evidence for the diverse adaptive capacity of the coffee farming systems in Dak Lak province in their response to various factors. Moreover, an economic comparison was made between coffee farming systems, including mono-coffee farms and coffee-based intercropped ones. The study showed that coffee-based intercropped farms yield higher returns than mono-cropping ones by productivity enhancement, land equity ratio, and gross margin. These findings provided empirical evidence to design appropriate policies for the sustainable development of coffee farming.

Preliminary inventory of the small mammal fauna of the Yok Don National Park (Dak Lak province, Vietnam)

Three short surveys of mammals were held in 2007 (June, beginning of rain season) and 2012 (May, low season, and December, beginning of dry season) in Yok Don National Park (Vietnam, Dak Lak Province) under the aegis of Joint Vietnam-Russia Tropical Science and Technology Research Centre. Occurrence of 23 small mammal species was revealed including 13 species new to Dak Lak Province. The latter are represented mainly by bats of which the most important records are Murina harrisoni, Pipistrellus paterculus and Hesperoptenus tickelli, and also by rats (Rattus cf. andamanensis, Berylmys bowersi) and white-toothed shrew Crocidura phanluongi. Tree-shrew (Tupaia belangeri) was the most abundant non-volant mammal during the survey. On the whole, the micromammalian fauna of Yok Don seems to be strongly underestimated.

Building land cover map for land management in Krong Bong district, Dak Lak province

Building land cover map for land management in Krong Bong district, Dak Lak province

Thực trạng tuân thủ vệ sinh tay thường quy của nhân viên y tế và một số yếu tố liên quan tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa thị xã Buôn Hồ, tỉnh Đăk Lăk năm 2021

Objectives: The study described the current situation and analyze some factors affecting the compliance of routine hand hygiene of health workers at the General Hospital of Buon Ho Town, Dak Lak Province in 2021. Research method: This was an analytical cross - sectional study. The sample size included 112 health staff. Each health worker was observed 3 hand hygiene times (5 times of hand hygiene and following 6 steps of routine hand hygiene as regulated by the Ministry of Health). Knowledge of health staff on rountine hand hygiene was self-administered collected after the observation was completed. Descriptive (frequency) and analytical statistic methods were applied (chi square test, odd ratios with a significance level at <0.05) Results: The compliance of routine hand hygiene among health staff was only 25.9%. Poor knowledge of health staff about routine hand hygiene negatively affected the compliance of hand hygiene of health staff (OR=4.5; 95%CI: 1.8-11.1). Conclusion and recommendations: The compliance of routine hand hygiene among health staff of the hospital was low. Poor knowledge on hand hygiene is negatively associated with compliance of hand hygiene of health staff. It is necessary to provide training courses to increase knowledge of health staff about routine hand hygiene regularly. Key words: routine hand hygiene, influencing factors, health staff, Buon Ho, Dak Lak.

THE EFFECT OF ECOLOGICAL FACTORS ON GROWTH OF Sterculia foetida L. IN BUON DON AND EA SUP DISTRICTS, DAK LAK PROVINCE

Accurate and reliable assessment of site suitability for the growth of selected plant species is critical for afforestation projects and programs to improve rural livelihoods. This research examines the relationship between growth of Sterculia foetida L. and six ecological factors in Buon Don and Ea Sup districts, Dak Lak Province. The purpose of the research is to predict the growth in average height and trunk diameter of the trees using ecological factors that are easy to measure and observe. These include topography (slope) and soil characteristics (clay ratio, depth of soil layer, surface and subsurface rock concentrations, and agglomeration ratio). The ecological factors were evaluated by multivariable regression analysis of growth data from 31 experimental plots, 16 in Buon Don district and 15 in Ea Sup district. The results show that four of the six factors affect average growth in tree height and that five factors affect average trunk diameter growth. The findings are of practical value for households and agricultural extension officers to consider before planting Sterculia foetida L. in the two areas.

Risk Awareness for Vietnamese’s Life Insurance on Financial Protection: The Case Study of Daklak Province, Vietnam

This paper aims to identify risk awareness through factors that influence the intention to buy people’s life insurance in Daklak province of Vietnam and provide implications for life insurance companies. The data resources were conducted from the survey of 250 people in Daklak Province and applied the ordinal logit model for the analysis. Remarkably, as we conducted the study during the COVID-19 pandemic period, a dummy variable of COVID-19 was included in the analysis. The results of this research have some similarities and differences with other studies. As with the references, saving motivation was the most crucial factor affecting the dependent variable. Saving motivation, financial literacy, brand name, and risk awareness have a positive impact. While age and gender were differences that have a negative effect on the intention to buy life insurance, which means that young people and women have more intention to purchase life insurance than younger men. The four factors consisting of financial literacy, brand name, risk awareness, and gender were considered the second most important factors. COVID-19 and attitude were the third critical effect on the intention to purchase life insurance. Income was the less important factor.

Surveying the levels of mold and aflatoxin in maize and peanut in some households in Ea H’Leo, Cu M’Gra, Krong Pac districts in Daklak province in 2016

Agricultural products are contaminated with mold and aflatoxin, which not only reduces the value of agricultural products but also affects the health of people and animals when using such agricultural products. The survey was conducted on 150 samples (maize, peanut) in several households in Ea H'leo, Cu M'Gar, Krong Pac - Dak Lak districts, by the method of identifying mold Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) and Aspergillus parasiticus (A. parasiticus) according to 52 TCN-TQTP 0001:2003 and 52 TCN-TQTP 0009:2004 and aflatoxin quantification according to TCVN 7596 - 2007. The results showed that among 150 samples (maize, peanut) in the analysis, there were (48.7%) samples contaminated with mold exceeding the allowable level, for maize (56.6%), peanuts (33.3%). There was the presence of A. flavus in maize sample (14.1%) and peanut samples (11.8%), and A. parasiticus was not found in the samples. While, the prevalence of AF contamination in agricultural products (maize, peanuts) accounted for (12.7%). In which, the rate of AF contamination in maize samples was 17.2%, contaminated rate of peanut samples was 3.9%; Aflatoxin contaminated samples exceeded the allowable limit for maize was 14.1% and this rate of peanut sample was 3.9%.    

Investigating sleep quality and related factors of postoperative patients at Tay Nguyen Regional General Hospital, Dak Lak Province, Vietnam

As we know, sleep is very important and necessary for every person. Especially, among patients undergoing surgery as an effective form of treatment, they also need a good quality of sleep to restore both physiological and psychological health. However, poor sleep quality is common in patients after surgery and produces harmful effects on postoperative recovery. This study was conducted to investigate the quality of sleep and identify related factors among postoperative patients at the Department of General Surgery, Tay Nguyen Regional General Hospital, Dak Lak Province. A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed. 374 postoperative patients who meet the sampling criteria were recruited by simple random sampling between March and July 2021. General information data were collected through interviews with structured questionnaires, and the patient’s sleep quality was assessed by using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Vietnamese version. Data analysis was performed via SPSS ver 20.0; p < 0.05 was statistically significant. The average mean of PSQI score was 10.3 ± 3.27 (range = 0 -21, SD = 3.27). The percentage of postoperative patients who had poor sleep quality was 78.1%. Factors associated with poor sleep quality include old age (p < 0.01), education level (p < 0.05), level of postoperative pain (p < 0.001). The frequency of poor sleep quality among postoperative patients is high. The findings of this study also provide a better understanding of related factors that affect poor sleep quality. So, the nurses should develop an appropriate care plan to improve sleep quality in these patients by controlling the above factors. It will help these patients recover fastest and most comprehensively in the postoperative period, enhancing the quality of care.

Three new species of the genus Biasticus Stål, 1867 (Insecta, Heteroptera, Reduviidae, Harpactorinae) from Central Highlands, Vietnam.

Three new assassin bug species of the genus Biasticus Stål, 1867 are recognized in Vietnam based on morphological examination, morphometric and molecular phylogenetic analyses, and described as Biasticustaynguyenensis Ha, Truong & Ishikawa, sp. nov., Biasticusgriseocapillus Ha, Truong & Ishikawa, sp. nov., and Biasticusluteicollis Ha, Truong & Ishikawa, sp. nov. The conspecific male and female associations of the new species were confirmed by phylogenetic analyses and DNA barcoding of the mitochondrial 16S rDNA and COI genes. All three new species are presently restricted to the Central Highlands, Vietnam (Kon Chu Rang NR, Gia Lai Province, and Chu Yang Sin NP, Dak Lak Province).

INFLUENCE OF MACRO ENVIRONMENT ON TOURISM VALUE CHAIN IN VIETNAM: CASE OF DAKLAK PROVINCE

The main aim of this research is to clarify the macro – environment factors that stimulate the visit intention and purchase intention of tourists. To reach the end this research applied the quantitative approach by the data collected from a questionnaire survey. There are 288 valid questionnaires that are collected from tourists who visit Daklak province – in the Central highlands of Vietnam. The authors tested the proposed hypothesis by SPSS software. The results showed that the economic, infrastructure, integration, politics have positive effects on both tourists’ visit intention and product purchase intention. Moreover, the resource has positive influences on tourists’ visit intention but do not has effect on purchase intention.

Early Prediction of Coffee Yield in the Central Highlands of Vietnam Using a Statistical Approach and Satellite Remote Sensing Vegetation Biophysical Variables

Given the present climate change context, accurate and timely coffee yield prediction is critical to all farmers who work in the coffee industry worldwide. The aim of this study is to develop and assess a coffee yield forecasting method at the regional scale in Dak Lak province in the central highlands of Vietnam using the Crop Growth Monitoring System Statistical Tool (CGMSstatTool—CST) software and vegetation biophysical variables (NDVI, LAI, and FAPAR) derived from satellite remote sensing (SPOT-VEGETATION and PROBA-V). There has been no research to date applying this approach to this specific crop, which is the main contribution of this study. The findings of this research reveal that the elaboration of multiple linear regression models based on a combination of information from satellite-derived vegetation biophysical variables (LAI, NDVI, and FAPAR) corresponding to the first six months of the years 2000–2019 resulted in coffee yield forecast models presenting satisfactory accuracy (Adj.R2 = 64 to 69%, RMSEp = 0.155 to 0.158 ton/ha and MAPE = 3.9 to 4.7%). These results demonstrate that the CST may efficiently predict coffee yields on a regional scale by using only satellite-derived vegetation biophysical variables. This study findings are likely to aid local governments and decision makers in precisely forecasting coffee production early and promptly, as well as in recommending relevant local agricultural policies.

Begonia kimlongii (B. sect. Petermannia, Begoniaceae), a new species from Dak Lak, Central Highlands, Vietnam

Begonia kimlongii is described as a new species endemic to Vietnam, from the montane forests of Dak Lak Province. It is mostly similar with Begonia cucphuongensis but can be distinguished by the oblanceolate to obovate leaves, terminal inflorescence with dimorphic bracts and 5-tepaled pistillate flowers. Using IUCN criteria, B. kimlongii is proposed to be Data Deficient (DD).

Results of Trial Oriental Tobacco Varieties Planting in Ninh Thuan and Dak Lak Province, Vietnam in 2021

The oriental tobacco trial was planted to evaluate the possibility of producing Oriental tobacco in Vietnam. Vietnam Tobacco Institute tested six oriental tobacco varieties in Ninh Son district under Ninh Thuan province in 2019 - 2020. Those varieties originated from Bulgaria country were bred and multiplied for other countries researching the adaptability of variety. The test results showed that oriental tobacco varieties were good growing and proper for soil and climate conditions in Ninh Thuan province. Using the trial varieties selected, we have collected the best two varieties to expand the growing area in Ninh Thuan and Dak Lak provinces in the year 2021, including the Basma 16 and Hanski 227 varieties. In 2021, we tried the Basma 16 with a planting density of 280.000 plants/ha, and Hanski 227 was 110.000 plants/ha. Based on results of the soil analysis, the fertilizer formula in Ninh Thuan province consisted of 2 levels as PB1 (30N + 0P2O5 + 50K2O kg/ha) and PB2 (40N + 0P2O5 + 50K2O kg/ha); whilst for Dak Lak province, the fertilizer formula was PB1 (30N + 30P2O5 + 50K2O kg/ha), PB2 was 40N + 30P2O5 + 50K2O kg/ha with N: (NH4NO3), P: (Ca(H2PO4)2) and K: (K2SO4). The experiments were pairs designed, with every formula of 500 m2. The trial results of 2021 showed that in two levels of fertilizer, the dry yield, nicotine content, sugar content, and chlorine content of oriental tobacco varieties in Ninh Thuan province ranged from 1.44 - 1.70 tons/ha, 0.68 - 1.33%, 19.2 - 22.2%, and 1.41 - 1.80%; meanwhile in Dak Lak province were 1.57 - 1.82 tons/ha, 1.0 - 1.39%, 9.8 - 12.0%, and 0.27 - 0.31%. Based on the results analysis of chemical compositions in tobacco leaves and smoking properties, the oriental tobacco in Dak Lak has good quality and was similar to the oriental tobacco imported from Bulgaria, Turkey and Greece countries. In contrast, in Ninh Thuan, oriental tobacco was not having good quality but hot smoke and poorly burning. So, the Dak Lak province was a good region for oriental tobacco in Vietnam with formulas of trial fertilizer above applied. In 2022, we will continue to expand the growing areas of oriental tobacco in Dak Lak province to limit the importation of oriental tobacco products from foreign countries.

Cyanobacterium Raphidiopsis raciborskii and its toxin in Buon Phong reservoir, Dak Lak province, Vietnam

This study investigated the variation of the cyanobacterium Raphidiopsis raciborskii population under the influence of physicochemical parameters from May 2019 to April 2020 in the Buon Phong reservoir. The correlations between these parameters were explored by using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation analysis. The cylindrospermopsin (CYN) toxin in isolated strains from the reservoir was confirmed by using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses. R. raciborskii presented throughout the year in the reservoir with a biovolume from 0.12 to 9.14 mm3 L-1. Four R. raciborskii strains (CBP2, CBP3, CBP4, and CBP5) were successfully isolated and confirmed to produce CYN by the HPLC results. The highest concentration in isolated strains was 0.345 μg g-1 DW in the CBP4 strain. The PCR results of genes responsible for CYN biosynthesis showed that the PCR amplicons of cyrB and CyrC were amplified in two toxic strains (CBP2 and CBP3), while the amplicons of both cyrB and cyrC were not observed in two remaining toxic strains. In addition, such abiotic factors as temperature and nutrients played major roles in the abundance of R. raciborskii. Moreover, the biovolume of R. raciborskii positively correlated with the CYN concentrations in the Buon Phong reservoir.

Groundwater simulation in Dak Lak province based on MODFLOW model and climate change scenarios

PurposeGroundwater plays a critical part in both natural and human existence. When surface water is scarce in arid climates, groundwater becomes an immensely valuable resource. Dak Lak is an area that frequently lacks water resources for everyday living and production, and the scarcity of water resources is exacerbated during the dry season. As a result, it is critical to do study and understand about groundwater to meet the region's water demand. This study aims to extend the use of the MODFLOW model for groundwater simulation and assess the overall groundwater reserves and water demand in the highland province Dak Lak.Design/methodology/approachThe MODFLOW model is used in this work to compute and analyze the flow, prospective reserves of groundwater from which to plan extraction and estimate groundwater variation in the future.FindingsThe application of the MODFLOW model to Dak Lak province demonstrates that, despite limited data, particularly drilling hole data for subterranean water research, the model's calculation results have demonstrated its reliability and great potential for use in other similar places. The use of the model in conjunction with other data extraction modules is a useful input for creating underground flow module maps for various time periods. The large impact of recharge and evaporation on groundwater supplies and water balance in the research area is demonstrated by simulations of climate change scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5.Originality/valueNone of the studies has been done previously to analyze water resources of Dak Lak and the scarcity of water resources is exacerbated during the dry season. Therefore, this study will provide useful insights in the water resource management and the conservation of Dak Lak. The groundwater in Dak Lak can meet the area's water demand, according to the results obtained and water balance in the study area. However, the management of water resources and rigorous monitoring of groundwater extraction activities in the area should receive more attention.

Training, technology upgrading, and total factor productivity improvement of farms: A case of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) production in Dak Lak province, Vietnam

This study focused on analyzing the determinants of technology upgrading and productivity growth in cassava production of farms in Dak Lak province from 2015 to 2018. Using the Data Envelopment Analysis method (DEA) to obtain the Malmquist indices of the total factor productivity (TFPCH) and decomposing it into technical efficiency change (EFCH) and technological change (TECHCH), we found a general improvement in productivity of the farms. Meanwhile, general technology upgrading was observed, but the technical efficiency of the farms was reduced. From logistic regression analyses, it is shown that institutional factors such as technical training and accessibility to banks and economic factors such as capital stock of farms increase the probability of productivity growth in the farms. However, technical training is the only factor that significantly contributed to the likelihood of the technology upgrading of the farms. In particular, we did not find household characteristics such as gender, ethnicity, schooling, and experience in cassava production significantly impact the farms’ technology upgrading and productivity growth.

Kiến thức, thái độ của phụ nữ từ 20-35 tuổi về dự phòng dị tật bẩm sinh và một số yếu tố liên quan tại thành phố Buôn Ma Thuột tỉnh Đắk Lắk năm 2019

Objectives: Describe knowledge and attitude of women aged 20 - 35 about prevention of birth defects in Buon Ma Thuot city, Dak Lak province. Identify some factors related to knowledge and attitude of women aged 20-35 about prevention of birth defects in Buon Ma Thuot city, Dak Lak province year 2019. Methods: A cross-sectional study was used. The study subjects were the women from 20 - 35 years old living in Tan Tien and Hoa Thuan communes of Buon Ma Thuot City, Dak Lak Province. The sample size was randomly selected in the system with a total of 380 women. Duration of the study was from March to July 2019. Data was collected by direct interview the women with structured questionnaires; Data were analyzed by use the SPSS 22.0 software. Results: the percentage of women reaching required knowledge about the prevention of birth defects was 64.5% and having positive attitude about the prevention of birth defects was 81.8%. The group of ethnic minority women who were not reaching the required knowledge and having less positive attitude about prevention of birth defects were higher than that were in the Kinh women group with OR and p value were 1.92 and 3,12, respectively. The group of women with poor knowledge had a negative attitude on preventing birth defects 24 times higher than those with good knowledge. Conclusions and Recommendations: The percentage of women with good knowledge on birth defects is not high, especially the ethnic minorities group. There is a close relationship between knowledge and attitude on birth defects prevention. The study recommends that it is necessary to promote communication activities to enhance knowledge and attitudes of birth defects prevention for women of childbearing age, especially giving priority to ethnic minority women in the study area. Keywords: birth defects, ethnic minorities, knowledge, attitude, Daklak, Vietnam

Assessment of yield and quality of quinoa accessions grown in Ferralsols following seasonal difference

The quinoa accession varieties have been cultivated in Vietnam in recent decades. The initial results indicate that these varieties have well adapted to Vietnam’s climate, even better than some of their mother areas. However, further evaluation of the impact of the seasonal region on quinoa growth and development is necessary for a tropical country like Vietnam. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the yield and quality of quinoa accession varieties planted on Ferralsolsl in the Dak Lak province of Vietnam in three distinct seasons. Ten quinoa accession varieties include Leucan Boldo, Riobamba, 27 - 6R, EDK – 4, 59 – ALC, ISLUGA, Atlas, Cahuil, Moradas and Haiwan were examined. Field experiments were conducted based on the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in triplicated repeat. Various plant agronomical traits including plant height, branch number, the total number of the main bunch, length of the bunch, number of grains per bunch, grains weight, as well as the contents of protein, and starch were investigated. Finally, the biological and practical productivity of ten quinoa accessions was determined. In general, the obtained results showed that the quinoa varieties are grown from January to April 2020 (Season 1) had higher quality and yield than those grown in other seasons. Collectively, the variety Atlas showed the highest-quality indexes including agronomical traits such as approximately 37 branches per plant or its bunch length was around 27 cm, and its practical productivity was 22.2 quintals per hectare follow by the Moradas, Cahui, and Haiwan varieties. Taken together, our data indicated that the correlation of the seasonal factor in Dak Lak province of Vietnam is different for each quinoa variety