Daily Workload Research Articles

Association of cardiovascular health with anthropometric markers, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life of university workers

Objective: To evaluate cardiovascular health (CVH) in university workers at a higher education institution in relation to other health-related factors. Methods: Cross-sectional study consisting of 121 workers. CVH was assessed by seven measures [food consumption, physical activity level (PAL), smoking, total cholesterol, blood glucose, systemic blood pressure (BP), and body mass index (BMI)]. The independent variables waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), HDL-c, LDL-c, triglycerides, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), workload, and health related quality of life (HRQoL) were assessed. Results: Overall, 25% of the sample had poor CVH. The ideal CVH group had lower WC (p<0.001) and WHR (p<0.001), and higher VO2max (p=0.041). The physical component score was higher in the groups with intermediate (p=0.036) and ideal (p=0.002) CVH. Daily workload was higher in the poor CVH group (p=0.05). CVH score was directly related to VO2max (p=0.001) and physical component (p=0.020), and inversely related to WC (p<0.001), WHR (p<0.001), LDL-c (p<0.001), and triglycerides (p< 0.001). Conclusion: Implementation of educational practices, and promotion of physical activity, adequate dietary intake, and other lifestyle habits can help to improve CVH and the physical component of HRQoL.

Qualitative Study on Youth Out-Migration and its Impact on Elderly Parents

Migration has become a prominent phenomenon where young people migrate to foreign lands or within the country in search of various opportunities like better employment or education. Very little is known about the migration and its impact on the elderly parents who are left behind. The article examines the impact of migration on the life of the elderly people and the change in the role of elderly parents caused by youth out-migration in Dhungkharka of Bethanchok rural municipality, Kavrepalanchowk district. The data was collected by interviewing with the elderly participants. All the interviews were transcribed Verbatim in Nepali and translated into English for thematic analysis. It is very important to analyze and address the issues related to elderly people with regular studies and appropriate policies before the problem becomes persistent. The findings of the study revealed that migration has increased the daily workload of the elderly parents and the land remained either barren or less productive due to shortage of labor. Moreover, they faced different kinds of problems like physical, psychological or emotional problems.

A WORKLOAD DEPENDENT RESOURCE CONSTRAINED SCHEDULING PROBLEM FOR NAVY HELICOPTER PILOTS

In this paper, we consider a problem inspired by a real-life problem, which aims to schedule high multiplicity jobs on a single machine by taking into account the organization-specific constraints in a different schedule structure. The schedule is daily with daytime and nighttime periods. The operator is considered as an additional resource that varies in terms of consumption and scheduling depending on the period. There are specific rest periods before and after night-period jobs, and night-period jobs affect both the daily working time and number of the jobs in the daytime- period. In addition, the operator's daily workload is divided into two categories: normal and heavy. If the workload is heavy on consecutive days, specific rest periods must be scheduled. The integer programming model of the problem is presented. The feasible solutions obtained in a short time with greedy constructive heuristic algorithms are used in the exact solution approach as both upper bound and warm-start point. Finally, the effectiveness of the solution approaches is compared and evaluated through numerical experiments carried out for a variety of problem instances of different sizes.

Introduction of a Pre-admission Pharmacist Service Utilising the Surgical Ward Pharmacist.

Background: The challenge with obtaining a best possible medication history (BPMH) post-surgery is the delay in clarifying medications due to decreased post-operative cognitive status and pain, which can lead to missed or late administration of medications. Studies have suggested that unintentional medication discrepancies at the time of admission are common in general medical patients. Objectives: To investigate if a pre-admission pharmacist completing BPMHs for adult elective surgery patients with planned overnight admission increases the proportion of patients with (i) a BPMH completed, (ii) medication reconciliation completed and (iii) all home medications charted correctly within 24hours of admission. Methods: Patients in the pre-intervention group had a BPMH completed on admission as standard of care. Patients in the post-intervention group were contacted by the pre-admission pharmacist 1 to 3 business days prior to admission to complete a BPMH. The pre-admission pharmacist role was performed by a surgical ward pharmacist in addition to their daily workload. Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyse the data. Results: The post-intervention group had more patients with a completed BPMH (47.2% vs 25.3%, P = .005), medication reconciliation (43.8% vs 15.5%, P = .0001) and all home medications charted correctly (36% vs 16.9%, P = .007) within 24hours of admission compared with the pre-intervention group. Conclusion: The introduction of a pre-admission service utilising the surgical ward pharmacist increased the proportion of patients with a completed BPMH, medication reconciliation and home medications charted correctly within 24hours of admission.

Workforce evaluation in the field of radiation oncology: National data from a limited-resource setting.

e13576 Background: The workforce shortage in the field of radiation oncology is a critical challenge in developing countries. This study's main objective was to evaluate the workload of radiation oncologists (RO) in Armenia. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the adapted questionnaire from Gunasekera et al. (2021) survey was used. The study setting was the only two RO centers operating in Armenia (public and private). For data collection purposes, census sampling was done and self-administered questionnaires were distributed. The data collection time frame was 15-25 July 2023. Descriptive statistics was done to analyze and present data through portions. Results: In total, data on 16 ROs and residents was collected. The ratio of ROs per million population was 6 in 2023, in Armenia. Primary consultations in median lasted 25 minutes (range: 10-40 mins). Similarly, consults of the patients on active treatment lasted in median of 12.5 minutes (min-60 mins). The median duration of follow-up oncology care consults was 7.5 minutes per day (range: 10- 40 mins). In terms of clinic hours, physicians in public settings reported spending a median of 50 hours per week. According to the respondents, on average radiation therapy specialists allocated 50% of their working time to providing direct patient care, 35% to fulfilling administrative responsibilities, 5% to educational and teaching endeavors, and 10% to conducting scientific research. The median radiation therapy delay was 1 week. Namely, treatment delay in the non-metastatic setting was 1․19, and in the metastatic setting 1 week. By the ROs, the most common barriers to delivering cancer care were treatment high cost (68%, n=11), lack of access to imaging (18.7%, n=3) and pathological (18.7%, n=3) diagnostic procedures, and lack of physicians' time to dedicate to patients (31%, n=5). Conclusions: Our study offers some insight into the radiation oncology workload in Armenia. From this research, we conclude that Armenian healthcare is understaffed in terms of radiation oncologists and medical physicists compared to other upper-middle-income and high-income income countries. Moreover, the median daily workload of the ROs exceeds the upper limit of the amount of consults suggested by the international societies. Hence, further research is required for a detailed evaluation of the RO workforce and specific intervention development that will be able to address this issue in Armenia and other resource-limited settings.

“Implementation of intensified COVID-19 vaccination optimization (ICVOPT) campaigns strategy in complex humanitarian emergency settings and hard-to-reach areas; a case of South Sudan”

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic is still a public health concern in South Sudan having caused suffering since the first case of COVID-19 was introduced on 28th February 2020. COVAX vaccines have since been introduced using a number of strategies including fixed site, temporary mobile, hit and run in flooded and conflict affected areas. We aim to describe the 2 ICVOPT campaigns that were conducted to improve the uptake and document lessons learnt during the initial rollout of the COVID-19 vaccination programin South Sudan between February 2022 and June 2022 each lasting for 7-days.MethodologyWe conducted an operational cross-sectional descriptive epidemiological study of a series of the intensified COVID-19 vaccination Optimization (ICVOPT) campaigns from February 2022 to June 2022. Before the campaign, a bottom up micro-planning was conducted, validated by the County Health Departments (CHDs) and national MOH team. Each of the 2 campaigns lasted for 7 days targeting 30% of the eligible unvaccinated target population who were18 years and above. Each team consisted of 2 vaccinators, 2 recorders and 1 mobilizer. The teams employed both fixed site, temporary mobile, hit and run in flooded and conflict affected areas. The number of teams were calculated based on the daily workload per day (80 persons per team/day) for the duration of the campaigns.ResultsA total of 444,030 individuals were vaccinated with primary series COVID-19 vaccine (J&J) out of the targeted 635,030 persons. This represented 69.9% of target population in the selected 28 counties and 10 states of South Sudan in 7 days’ ICVOPT campaigns. More eligible persons were reached in 7 days campaigns than the 9 months of rollout of the COVID-19 vaccine prior to ICVOPT campaigns using the fixed site strategy at the health facility posts.ConclusionIntensified COVID-19 vaccination Optimization (ICVOPT) campaigns were vital and fast in scaling up vaccination coverages as compared to the fixed site vaccination strategies (2022 progress report on the Global Action Plan for Healthy Lives and Well-being for All Stronger collaboration for an equitable and resilient recovery towards the health-related Sustainable Development Goals, incentivizing collaboration, 2022) in complex humanitarian emergency settings and hard-to-reach areas of South Sudan.

Abstract PO5-07-02: AI-assisted interpretation of PD-L1 CPS improves the precision medicine in Triple-negative breast cancer

Abstract Objective: The IMpassion 031 and KEYNOTE-355 clinical trial demonstrated the advantages of atezolizumab and pembrolizumab in the treatment of Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the application of CPS in assessing PD-L1 expression is challenging. Pathologists have great variability in interpretation of PD-L1 CPS, the daily diagnostic workload is too heavy and their diagnostic efficiency is low, and they still have deficiencies in terms of accurate enumeration. It is of necessity to establish an objective and effective method which is highly repeatable. Methods: In this study, we established a deep learning-based artificial intelligence-assisted (AI-assisted) model which using cell detection and region segmentation algorithm. Three rounds of ring studies (RSs) were conducted. 12 pathologists of different level evaluate the CPS of PD-L1 (DAKO 22C3) in TNBC patients by visual assessment and AI-assisted model. Compare the difference, consistency and accuracy of the interpretation. Our research evaluated PD-L1 CPS expression with continuous score. Shapiro-Wilk (S-W) method performs normality test, difference analysis using Friedman M and Bonferroni calibration tests, consistency analysis is studied by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and heat maps and box plots. Results: In the visual assessment, the interpretation results of PD-L1 (DAKO 22C3) CPS in different level pathologists have significant differences (P < 0.05), and the consistency of all the pathologists interpretation results was weak. Due to this strong inconsistency, it may result in a number of patients losing the opportunity to use ICIs for treatment. Moreover, the internal consistency of all pathologists in the visual assessment is moderate, in which the repeatability of junior pathologists is the worst, the ICC value is 0.664 (95%CI: 0.564-0.762). Through AI-assisted interpretation, there is no significant difference between all pathologists (P = 0.425), and the ICC value increased to 0.883 (95%CI:0.836-0.922) which improved the consistency of the interpretation results. In addition, through AI-assisted interpretation, the repeatability and accuracy of the interpretation results has been further upgraded. At the same time, the acceptance of AI results by junior pathologists are high, and 80% of the AI results are accepted. Conclusions: With the help of the AI-assisted diagnostic model, different levels of all the pathologists have achieved excellent consistency and repeatability in the interpretation of PD-L1 (DAKO 22C3) CPS. Moreover, the level of interpretation has been sought the rapid enhancement. It can be seen that AI-assisted diagnostic model provides a good approach to strengthen the consistency and repeatability in clinical practice. Our research also shows that PD-L1 CPS can receive precise interpretation from pathologists, so more patients have the opportunity to use ICIs. Therefore, these patients can benefit from treatment and achieve better survival. The interpretation results and system diagram of PD-L1 CPS by AI-assisted model. The consistency and repeatability of the interpretation results. (A)-(C) The consistency of the PD-L1 CPS interpretation among the different level of pathologists in three ring studies. (D)The repeatability of the interpretation results between 12 pathologists in RS1 and RS2. Accuracies and acceptance rates of different experienced pathologists. (A) Boxplots of scoring accuracies for pathologists in different levels. (B) Acceptance rates of all pathologists in total 50 slides. (C) Percent stacked column chart of different levels of pathologists with AI score acceptance. Citation Format: Jinze Li, Xinran Wang, Yueping Liu. AI-assisted interpretation of PD-L1 CPS improves the precision medicine in Triple-negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO5-07-02.

Modeling daily veterinary anesthetist patient care hours and probabilities of exceeding critical thresholds.

Use a referral dental clinic model to study how to calculate accurate 95% upper confidence limits for probabilities of workloads (total case duration, including turnover time) exceeding allocated times. Dogs and cats undergoing dental treatments. Managerial data (procedure date and duration) collected over 44 consecutive operative workdays were used to calculate the daily anesthetist workload. Workloads were compared with a normal distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk test, serial correlation was examined by runs test, and comparisons among weekdays were made using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The 95% confidence limits for normally distributed workloads exceeding allocated times were estimated with a generalized pivotal quantity. The impact of a number of procedures was assessed with scatterplots, Pearson linear correlation coefficients, and multivariable linear regression. Mean anesthetist's workload was normally distributed (Shapiro-Wilk P = .25), without serial correlation (P = .45), and without significant differences among weekdays (P = .52). Daily workload, mean 9.39 hours and SD 3.06 hours, had 95% upper confidence limit of 4.47% for the probability that exceeding 16 hours (ie, 8 hours per each of 2 tables). There was a strong positive correlation between daily workload and the end of the workday (r = .85), significantly larger than the correlation between the end of the workday and the number of procedures (r = .64, P < .0001). There are multiple managerial applications in veterinary anesthesia wherein the problem is to estimate risks of exceeding thresholds of workload, including the costs of hiring a locum, scheduling unplanned add-on cases, planning for late discharge of surgical patients to owners, and coordinating anesthetist breaks.

Quantification of daily workload, energy expenditure, and sleep of US Marine recruits throughout a 10-week boot camp.

During periods of high-volume vigorous exercise, United States Marine Corps recruits often experience musculoskeletal injuries. While the program of instruction (POI) for basic training is a defined training volume, the total workload of boot camp, including movements around the base, is unknown. The present study aimed to quantify the daily total workload, energy expenditure, and sleep during basic recruit training at Marine Corps Recruit Depot (MCRD) San Diego. Eighty-four male recruits from MCRD San Diego wore wrist wearable physiological monitors to capture their complete workload (mileage from steps), energy expenditure, and sleep throughout the 10-week boot camp. Marine recruits traveled an average of 11.5±3.4 miles per day (M±SD), expended 4105±823 kcal per day, and slept an average of 5 : 48±1 : 06 hours and minutes per night. While the POI designates a total of 46.3 miles of running and hiking, the actual daily average miles yielded approximately 657.6±107.2 miles over the 10-week boot camp. Recruit training requires high physical demand and time under tension due to the cumulative volume of movements around base in addition to the POI planned physical training.

IJCM_119A: A comparative cross-sectional study of dietary and physical activity pattern in a rural area of Karnataka

Background: In a country of 1.3 billion people with cultural and lifestyle diversities, several previous attempts have been made to compile the burden of cardiovascular diseases. 3.2 million people die each year due to physical inactivity. Traditionally, studies of diet and CVD risk have focused on individual foods and macronutrients. Yet, food is typically consumed in combination and not in isolation. Objective: To compare the dietary pattern and physical activity among 2 different age groups of people in a village of coastal Karnataka. Methodology: A cross-sectional study conducted in a rural area of coastal Karnataka with sample size of 320 (160 each from 20–30 years &amp; 50–60 years group). The dietary pattern involving daily intake of carbohydrates, fats, proteins and total calories was assessed using the 7-day dietary cycle. Physical activity pattern was assessed using IPAQ study tool. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS; parametric and non-parametric tests were done. p&lt;0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: 20 - 30 years age group had a consumption pattern of daily carbohydrates, proteins and fat intake of 24.11 g%, 10.89 g% &amp; 20.41 g% as compared to 32.96 g%, 13 g% and 29.44 g% respectively in the 50 - 60 years age group. Total calorie intake, daily carbohydrate, protein and fat intake was significantly more in the 20-30 years age group as compared to 50-60 years age group. Gram-percentage consumption of carbohydrates, proteins and fats as part of total calories was significantly lesser as compared to 50-60 years age group. 50.6% of the 20-30 years &amp; 13.8% of the 50-60 years age group were physically inactive. Conclusion: The study population followed an unbalanced diet with addition of trans fat and added sugars. Majority were physically inactive and the daily work load has decreased considerably with people spending most of their leisure time by sitting.

Benefit analysis of the auto-verification system of intelligent inspection for microorganisms.

In recent years, the automatic machine for microbial identification and antibiotic susceptibility tests has been introduced into the microbiology laboratory of our hospital, but there are still many steps that need manual operation. The purpose of this study was to establish an auto-verification system for bacterial naming to improve the turnaround time (TAT) and reduce the burden on clinical laboratory technologists. After the basic interpretation of the gram staining results of microorganisms, the appearance of strain growth, etc., the 9 rules were formulated by the laboratory technologists specialized in microbiology for auto-verification of bacterial naming. The results showed that among 70,044 reports, the average pass rate of auto-verification was 68.2%, and the reason for the failure of auto-verification was further evaluated. It was found that the main causes reason the inconsistency between identification results and strain appearance rationality, the normal flora in the respiratory tract and urine that was identified, the identification limitation of the mass spectrometer, and so on. The average TAT for the preliminary report of bacterial naming was 35.2 h before, which was reduced to 31.9 h after auto-verification. In summary, after auto-verification, the laboratory could replace nearly 2/3 of manual verification and issuance of reports, reducing the daily workload of medical laboratory technologists by about 2 h. Moreover, the TAT on the preliminary identification report was reduced by 3.3 h on average, which could provide treatment evidence for clinicians in advance.

Burnout among GU oncologists and associated factors: BUCARE survey.

293 Background: The growing number of patients with genitourinary (GU) cancers coupled with complexity of their treatments could create an increasing burden on GU oncologists. The Bureau for Cancer Research (BUCARE) assessed the prevalence of burnout among GU oncologists. Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey study conducted online among practicing surgical, medical and radiation oncologists from Kazakhstan, Russia, Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Israel. The primary outcome is burnout experience assessed through the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Association between respondents’ characteristics and presence of burnout was tested using X-test. Results: From April to August 2023,a total of 674 GU oncologists completed the questionnaire. The characteristics of respondents are 50% female, 45% medical oncologists, 35% surgeons, 15% radiation oncologists, working in outpatient (35%) and inpatient (65%) departments. Ninety-two percent of responders are interested in their daily work and 83.7% have a great interest in further professional development. However, 71.5% (482 of 674) had symptoms of burnout (high emotional exhaustion and/or depersonalization scores) and 60.8% of respondents describe readiness to seek psychological support. 172 (25.5%) and 401 (59.5%) participants reported that they do not have enough time to communicate with their family at all or partially, respectively. Significant drivers of burnout identified in multivariable regression modeling include ≥20 patients per day (odds ratio [OR] = 15.1; P&lt;0.001) and ≥10 working hours per day (OR=10.4; P&lt;0.001). Male gender (OR=0.1; P&lt;0.001) and specialization in radiation oncology (OR=0.19; P&lt;0.01) are associated with lower odds of burnout. Conclusions: Two-thirds of surveyed GU oncologists met predefined standardized criteria for burnout. Expanding the staff of GU oncologists and reducing the daily workload may improve the emotional state of these physicians. Special attention must be paid to the work environment of female providers as well as surgical and medical oncologists to decrease the rate of burnout.

Burnout in Physiotherapy Students of Ahmedabad: An Observational Study

Abstract Background: Burnout is a syndrome recorded as resulting from chronic workplace burdens that are not successfully managed. Physiotherapy students report high levels of daily hassles, workload, and lack of manageability and understanding throughout their university years. Burnout has been noted in medical students and physiotherapy teachers. Therefore, there is a need to study burnout in physiotherapy students. Aims: The aim of the study was to discover burnout in physiotherapy students using the Oldenberg burnout inventory (OLBI). Setting and Design: A survey of physiotherapy students of Ahmedabad was done through Google Forms. Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from 300 students using convenience sampling. Participants’ age, gender, and year of study were asked, and burnout was assessed using OLBI. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive analysis was done, and the Chi-square test was applied between burnout and gender, year of study, and physical activity. Results: Three hundred students with a mean age of (20.95 ± 2.05) years participated in the study, including 234 (78%) females and 66 (22%) males. A total of 239 (79.67%) undergraduate students and 61 (20.33%) postgraduate students participated in the study. The mean OLBI score is (38.71 ± 4.95). The mean exhaustion score is (19.14 ± 2.77) and mean disengagement score is (19.57 ± 2.73). The Chi-square analysis showed no significant impact of participant gender (χ2 (1) = 36.211, P = 0.167) and year of study (χ2 (1) = 162.060, P = 0.732) but a significant impact of physical activity (χ2 (1) = 44.977, P = 0.030) on the burnout in the sample. Conclusion: There is medium burnout present in physiotherapy students of Ahmedabad.

Ergonomic Evaluation of Human–Robot Collaborative Order Picking: A Combined Laboratory and Simulation Study

Thanks to rapid technological developments in robotics, various automation technologies are being applied in warehouses today. Order picking, as a key process in warehouse operations, has drawn attention in academia and practice for decades. In addition to many studies dedicated to manual and fully automated order picking, efforts have also been made to study semi-automated warehouses in which humans and robots collaborate. However, these studies mostly focused on system efficiency and ignored ergonomic aspects. Order picking was confirmed as a labor-intensive process in an environment in which workers are at a high risk of developing health problems. Therefore, this study addresses the investigation of physical human working conditions in both manual and robot-assisted order picking systems via real-life laboratory experiments and simulation modeling. We used a motion capture system to assess human working postures when working with and without robot assistance. In addition, we estimated the daily workload by applying the energy expenditure concept. Using simulation experiments, we were able to extend the results to various practical scenarios with different design variables, for example warehouse layouts, order sizes, and human-robot team configuration. Our preliminary results reveal that human-robot collaboration can reduce human workload. Posture evaluation also shows a slight improvement.

Propuesta de un indicador de cargas de trabajo en la atención de pacientes en hospitalización a domicilio de Osakidetza – Servicio Vasco de Salud

Introduction and objectivesThe Hospital at Home (HaH) setting currently lacks adequate workload indicators. This study suggests an indicator that can help in improving professional resources allocation. Materials and methodsProspective data was collected during May 2021 from patients treated in nine HaH units of Osakidetza-Basque Health Service (North of Spain). Direct care and travel times of healthcare staff was recorded. Data on inpatient days, number of visits, sociodemographic variables, health status, and patient pathologies, among others, were collected. The proposed indicator encompasses both the average visit time and the visit rates. It is called intensity and represents the average daily workload time per patient. ResultsA total of n = 1,171 users were included in the analyses. Their mean age was 69.8 years, 45.5% were women and 25% lived more than 12 km away from the corresponding HaH unit. Workload variations were observed for nursing-only and medical-nursing teams, depending on the type of day and patient classification group. The average nursing-only teams workload time on working days was 10.82 min and on non-working days it was 14.78 min. The average workload time for medical-nursing teams, during the same days, was 20.40 min and 4.59 min, respectively. It was observed that certain patient types, like those in palliative care, represented a high workload for medical-nursing teams on working days. ConclusionsThe intensity indicator can help answering the question of how many patients can be assigned to a professional. It can also be used to adjust the staffing needs of the HaH units.

Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Pencegahan Kekambuhan Hipertensi Pada Penderita Hipertensi Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Wua Wua Tahun 2023

Recurrent hypertension is a repeated increase in high blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg. Factors that can cause a recurrence of high blood pressure include: consuming unhealthy foods, consuming caffeine and smoking, rarely exercising, not maintaining body weight, consuming fatty foods, consuming foods high in fat and consuming unlimited alcohol. To prevent the recurrence of high blood pressure, patients should keep the following in mind: Get enough rest, change to a healthy diet, exercise, avoid alcohol, avoid stress, and handle the daily workload. The capacity to manage oneself and be positive, such as managing emotional intensity and reactivity, is important for preventing recurrence of hypertension and managing blood pressure. The aim of this study is to identify factors related to the prevention of hypertension recurrence in hypertensive patients. This type of research involves observational analysis with a cross-sectional research design. The study population consisted of 71 hypertensive patients who lived in the Wua Wua Community Health Center working area. The research results show the value of P = 0.263 &lt; a = 0.05. This means that knowledge about high blood pressure and recurrence prevention is irrelevant. The research results show a value of P = 0.002&lt; a = 0.05. This means that there is a link between treating hypertension and preventing recurrence. The research was conducted for 61 days.

A multi-algorithm approach for operational human resources workload balancing in a last mile urban delivery system

Efficient workload assignment to the workforce is critical in last-mile package delivery systems. The explosive increase of e-commerce and last-mile package logistics after the COVID-19 pandemic has produced, among other issues, difficulties in balancing the daily workload of the workforce in many delivery zones. In this context, traditional methods of assigning package deliveries to workers based on geographical proximity can be inefficient and surely guide to an unbalanced workload distribution among delivery workers. In this paper, we look at the problem of operational human resources workload balancing in last-mile urban package delivery systems. The idea is to consider the effort workload to optimize the system, i.e., the optimization process is now focused on improving the delivery time, so that the workload balancing is complete among all the staff. This process should correct significant decompensations in workload among delivery workers in a given zone. Specifically, we propose a multi-algorithm approach to tackle this problem. The proposed approach takes as input a set of delivery points and a defined number of workers, and then assigns packages to workers, in such a way that it ensures that each worker completes a similar amount of work per day. The proposed algorithms use a combination of distance and workload considerations to optimize the allocation of packages to workers. In this sense, the distance between the delivery points and the location of each worker is also taken into account to minimize the travel time of the workers. The proposed multi-algorithm methodology includes different versions of k-means, evolutionary approaches, recursive assignments based on k-means initialization with different problem encodings, and a hybrid evolutionary ensemble algorithm. We have successfully illustrated the performance of the proposed approach in a real-world problem of human resource balancing in an urban last-mile package delivery workforce operating at Azuqueca de Henares, Guadalajara, Spain.

The Effect of Daily Heart Rate Workloads on Preseason, Midseason, and Postseason Oxygen Consumption in Division I Basketball.

Howard, M, Sanders, GJ, Kollock, RO, Peacock, CA, and Freire, R. The effect of daily heart rate workloads on preseason, midseason, and postseason oxygen consumption in Division I basketball. J Strength Cond Res 38(4): 704-708, 2024-Basketball is a dynamic sport, requiring athletes to elicit a high-level of physical, tactical, technical, and psychological attributes and athletes must possess a robustly trained aerobic energy system. There is no research to assess how objectively measured training loads throughout a season influence aerobic capacity. The following study was a retrospective analysis of an NCAA Division I women's basketball team throughout a 5-month (23-week) competitive season. Data were sorted into season half totals and maximal oxygen consumption was recorded before, at the midway point and within 1-week postseason. Twelve athletes were monitored during each practice, pregame shoot around, scrimmage, and game for a total of 1,378 recorded sessions with a valid heart rate-based wearable microsensor (Polar Team Pro) during the season. There was a main effect of time for V̇O 2max throughout the season ( p < 0.001). Post hoc analysis revealed there was a significant increase in V̇O 2max from preseason to postseason ( p < 0.001). Interestingly, there were significant ( p ≤ 0.001 for all) decreases from the first half to the second half of the season for training load, and time allocated to HR Zone1-4 , but no difference in time for the most intense zone, HR zone5 . Conclusion: Oxygen consumption significantly increased 7.5% from preseason to postseason despite a reduction in overall work. The only training intensity that was not different from the first half to second half of the season was time in the highest heart rate intensity zone ≥85% of HR max .

Nurses’ occupational physical activity and workload in a perioperative intensive care unit in Slovenia

The field of nursing includes heavy occupational physical demands, including walking and standing for longer periods of time, in addition to moving and lifting. As such, in the context of a typical work shift, many nurses generally achieve the World Health Organization's recommended 10,000 steps per day. This study aimed at estimating the daily physical activity and workload of nurses in a perioperative intensive care unit. The data sources for this study included data from the hospital information system on various procedures and interventions, and the Silva Ex3 Plus pedometers for measuring steps, kilometers, calories, and activity time across various shifts in a perioperative intensive care unit. Twenty nurses from Slovenia volunteered to participate in this observational study. Over 13 weeks, a nurse working an 8-hour shift walked an average of 5,938 steps (4.4 km). However, nurses who worked a 12-hour weekend day shift came very close to the World Health Organization’s recommendation with an average of 9,003 steps (6.5 km). A total of 227 patients were admitted and an average of 80 nursing interventions were performed per day and there was a positive relationship between physical activity, workload, and patient admissions in the perioperative intensive care unit (p = 0.001). Results of this study could help managers better understand nurses' physical activity and workload during various shifts in the perioperative intensive care unit.

АНАЛИЗ ОБЕСПЕЧЕННОСТИ ВРАЧЕБНЫМИ КАДРАМИ ИНФЕКЦИОННОЙ СЛУЖБЫ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ В 2016-2022 ГГ.

The article considers the indicators of the staff composition within the infectious diseases service of the Republic of Belarus in different periods from an epidemic point of view. Calculations of infectiologists staffing levels and positions held concurrently as well as the approximate number of specialists involved in providing medical care to patients with a confirmed diagnosis of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), were performed, the daily workload per infectious disease doctor was assessed.