Daily Life Situations Research Articles

Don't Throw Away Your Notebook: Effects of Task Difficulty and Presentation Medium on Memory Performance.

People are increasingly reliant on various electrical devices for learning and memory, yet the implications and consequences of this dependence remain poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate how learning through electrical media impacts recall under varying task difficulties. During this study, participants encoded information related to daily life situations (low difficulty), academic conceptual knowledge (middle difficulty), or associative word pairs (high difficulty), presented on smartphones, computers, or paper. At test, they recalled the omitted content based on the provided cue information. A significant screen-inferiority effect was observed for both computers and smartphones. However, the impairment related to computers disappeared in the retrieval of daily life situations and academic conceptual knowledge, whereas the impairment associated with smartphones was consistently present across all tasks. These results suggest that memory performance is modulated by the interaction between the presentation medium and the specific demands of the task, highlighting a more pronounced screen-inferiority memory effect when the media restrict the depth of processing or when the memory tasks pose greater external challenges. A deeper understanding of these factors can guide the optimization of electrical devices to enhance human memory abilities and functions.

البرمجة الضبابية وتحسين أداء الخوارزميات في بيئة متعددة المتغيرات الرتيبة

In many situations of daily life, when we start statistical analysis, we encounter data that we suffer from inaccuracy in its measurement, either due to observation or measurement errors or the lack of appropriate conditions for collecting this data, such as failure times of machines, equipment, electrical devices, medical, engineering and economic data. In many medical studies, the researcher may have a strong conviction that the regression function used to describe the relationship between two variables has a certain form or formula that can be characterized by certain ordering restrictions such as monotonicity; monotonic regression has important applications in statistics, operations research, and signal processing, and these applications are often characterized by a very large value of n. For such large-scale problems, it is of great practical importance to develop algorithms whose complexity does not increase rapidly with increasing n. It is a nonparametric regression technique that preserves order. In this thesis, the proposed fuzzy autoregressive monotonic method, fuzzy autoregressive monotonic least squares (FILSR), fuzzy autoregressive M estimator (FIM), and fuzzy autoregressive maximum likelihood estimator (FIML) were proposed. The best method for estimating the autoregressive function is the fuzzy autoregressive maximum likelihood method with a mean square error of (0.51455).

Coping with modesty during radiotherapy for breast cancer: a multicentric study.

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed tumour, representing nearly 30% of all new cases in women. Radiotherapy (RT) plays a crucial role in the management of breast cancer. The objective of this study is to assess modesty in patients undergoing RT for breast cancer and take their suggestions and ideas into consideration to enhance the quality of treatment in this regard. The study enrolled 555 breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant RT in three Italian centres. Patients completed a self-test questionnaire assessing their comfort level concerning modesty during therapy and their relationship with strangers and healthcare professionals. The impact of religious views and potential changes in sexuality were also examined. Results showed that modesty was a common concern across the overall cohort of patients, with discomfort in being undressed during RT correlating with discomfort experienced in other daily life situations. Most patients felt more at ease with same sex healthcare workers. Age was also a major factor with younger patients generally feeling more comfortable with healthcare workers of the same age group. Interestingly, the surgical technique used (mastectomy vs. quadrantectomy) did not significantly influence modesty perceptions. Patients provided valuable suggestions to improve privacy and modesty during RT. This study demonstrates that modesty is an important issue for women undergoing RT, which can be influenced by personal characteristics and hospital-related factors. A reflection about the need to address modesty concerns and to incorporate dedicated interventions for protecting patients' physical and emotional well-being is warranted. Initiatives to improve communication, involvement, and body image support should also be integrated into the care path of patients to better their overall therapeutic experience. This study paves the way for broader research and interventions in daily cancer care.

Virtual Reality-Based Psychoeducation for Dementia Caregivers: The Link between Caregivers' Characteristics and Their Sense of Presence.

In neuropsychology and clinical psychology, the efficacy of virtual reality (VR) experiences for knowledge acquisition and the potential for modifying conduct are well documented. Consequently, the scope of VR experiences for educational purposes has expanded in the health field in recent years. In this study, we sought to assess the effectiveness of ViveDe in a psychoeducational caregiver program. ViveDe is a VR application that presents users with possible daily life situations from the perspective of individuals with dementia. These situations can be experienced in immersive mode through 360° video. This research aimed to ascertain the associations between the sense of presence that can be achieved in VR and some users' psychological characteristics, such as distress and empathetic disposition. The study involved 36 informal caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer's disease. These participants were assessed using scales of anxiety and depression, perceived stress, empathy, and emotional regulation. They were asked to participate in a six-session psychoeducation program conducted online on dementia topics, in addition to experiencing the ViveDe application. The immersive VR sessions enabled the caregivers to directly experience the symptoms of dementia (e.g., spatial disorientation, agnosia, difficulty in problem-solving, and anomia) in everyday and social settings. The results indicated that although the experience in ViveDe (evaluated using the XRPS scale and five questions about emotional attunement) showed efficacy in producing a sense of first-person participation in the symptoms of dementia, further research is needed to confirm this. The structural equation model provided evidence that the characteristics of individuals who enjoy the VR experience play a determining role in the perceived sense of presence, which in turn affects the efficacy of the VR experience as a psychoeducational tool. Further research will be conducted to ascertain the potential role of these elements in conveying change in the caregivers of people with dementia. This will help us study the long-term effectiveness of a large-scale psychoeducation program in VR.

Attentional demands in the visual field modulate audiovisual interactions in the temporal domain.

Attention and crossmodal interactions are closely linked through a complex interplay at different stages of sensory processing. Within the context of motion perception, previous research revealed that attentional demands alter audiovisual interactions in the temporal domain. In the present study, we aimed to understand the neurophysiological correlates of these attentional modulations. We utilized an audiovisual motion paradigm that elicits auditory time interval effects on perceived visual speed. The audiovisual interactions in the temporal domain were quantified by changes in perceived visual speed across different auditory time intervals. We manipulated attentional demands in the visual field by having a secondary task on a stationary object (i.e., single- vs. dual-task conditions). When the attentional demands were high (i.e., dual-task condition), there was a significant decrease in the effects of auditory time interval on perceived visual speed, suggesting a reduction in audiovisual interactions. Moreover, we found significant differences in both early and late neural activities elicited by visual stimuli across task conditions (single vs. dual), reflecting an overall increase in attentional demands in the visual field. Consistent with the changes in perceived visual speed, the audiovisual interactions in neural signals declined in the late positive component range. Compared with the findings from previous studies using different paradigms, our findings support the view that attentional modulations of crossmodal interactions are not unitary and depend on task-specific components. They also have important implications for motion processing and speed estimation in daily life situations where sensory relevance and attentional demands constantly change.

Relationship quality perceived by family caregivers of people with dementia in the context of a psychoeducational intervention: A qualitative exploration.

Caring for a person with dementia can be a challenging experience, often associated with chronic stress and a heavy burden on family caregivers. Dementia also impacts the relationship between the caregiver and the person with dementia. The quality of this relationship is, in turn, an important factor influencing the well-being of both dyad members. The psychoeducational intervention "Learning to feel better . . . and help better" has shown positive results regarding family caregivers' subjective burden, psychological distress, and self-efficacy. However, relationship quality has not been addressed in the context of this intervention. A longitudinal constructivist grounded theory approach was used to explore relationship quality as perceived by caregivers, possible changes and intervention components facilitating or preventing such changes. Three qualitative, semi-structured interviews (before, during and after the intervention) were performed with 13 family caregivers from three different intervention groups. The resulting 39 interviews were analysed regarding individual caregiver trajectories, per time point for all caregivers and regarding specific caregiver subgroups. A model focusing on sustaining relationship quality in dementia was developed. It shows strategies that family caregivers develop and apply to facilitate positive interactions and feelings of connectedness with their family members with dementia. It also indicates that mastering such strategies requires reflective skills based on specific knowledge of dementia and coping strategies, which can be enhanced through active skills training, in which caregivers are guided to work on their individual stressful situations. Factors hampering change included difficulties in accepting dementia-related changes. Findings suggest that psychoeducation, with active skills training based on caregivers' current daily life situations, providing systematic procedures to handle daily challenges and specific knowledge about the impact of the disease, could support them in developing and applying supportive strategies to sustain or improve their relationship to their family member with dementia.

Development of Three-Dimensional Light Wave Test Based on Three-Dimensional Learning Framework

The three-dimensional learning framework as a current science learning standard to facilitate the development of students' knowledge that is coherent and interconnected so that it can be used in various situations of daily life, is only possible if the assessment is oriented towards the science learning standards in question. The focus of this research is to develop a Three-Dimensional light wave test based on the Three-Dimensional Learning Framework. Development was carried out through quantitative research methods with construction design and validation, involving physics lecturers, physics teachers and high school students. Construction and validation were carried out using document analysis sheets, cognitive questionnaires, content validation sheets and student responses. Analysis was carried out through descriptive analysis, V-Aiken content validation, and Item Response Theory (IRT) using eIRT software. The construction and validation results show that the Three-Dimentional light wave test based on the Three-Dimentional Learning Framework has differentiating power in the good category, five items are very high, three items are high, eight items are medium and five items are low; the level of difficulty is in the medium category, two questions are very difficult, seven questions are difficult, eight questions are medium and four questions are easy; the pseudo guessing factor overall functions well; and reliable for measuring the level of ability of students with low to very high abilities. The Three-Dimensional test of light waves based on the Three-Dimentional Learning Framework can be used by educational practitioners as an assessment tool to explore students' coherent understanding of disciplinary core ideas (DCI), scientific practices (SP), and crosscutting concepts (CC) in wave material light.

Why Do I Have to Learn this Stuff? Using AI to Assist Secondary Teachers in Teaching Future-Ready Practical Life Skills with any Social Studies Lesson

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in secondary social studies education is revolutionizing the way students prepare for their future. By embedding 'Future Ready Practical Life Skills' into the curriculum, educators can effectively address the question, "Why do I have to learn this?" and equip students with the necessary competencies for success in college, careers, and active civic life in an AI-dominant future. This article explores how AI nurtures critical thinking, digital literacy, adaptability, ethical reasoning, and civic engagement -- skills that are crucial not only for navigating advanced technologies but also for dealing with daily life situations. By creating a dynamic and personalized learning experience, AI-driven social studies education fosters vital competencies for students to confidently face challenges and make informed decisions in their personal and civic lives. This paradigm shift in teaching and learning sets students up for success in an AI-shaped future while empowering them to navigate the complexities of daily life.

The Influence of State Authenticity on the Sense of Meaning in Life of Middle School Students: Evidence from a Daily Diary Investigation and an Authenticity Enhancement Experiment.

Authenticity is a positive force for adolescent development. Taking middle school students as the main research objects, this paper examines the causal mechanism between state authenticity (SA) and sense of meaning in life through two studies: the diary method and authenticity level increase experiment. In study 1, through the daily diary data tracking investigation of 130 middle school students in daily life situations, the basic psychological needs (BPNs) and satisfaction with life (SWL) play a chain mediating role between state authenticity and sense of daily meaning in life. State authenticity has a one-way prediction effect on sense of meaning in life. In study 2, 140 participants were randomly divided into two groups (experimental group and control group). Middle school students in the experimental group were activated to recall the authenticity experience events to enhance the level of personal authenticity, and it was found that the subjects reported a higher sense of meaning in life. This study reveals the causal mechanism between authenticity and sense of meaning of life, which has positive practical significance for exploring ways to enhance the sense of meaning of life of middle school students.

A Study of Influence of Yoga on the Mental Health of Adolescents

Mental health refers to an individual’s overlall adjustment in behaviour which is socially desirable to achieve a maximum of satisfaction and happiness, enabling ability to face and deal with the daily life situations effectively. The present research paper explored to comparative study the level of mental health among adolescents who are routinely performing Yoga. The present study consisted sample of 120 subjects divided in two groups (Boys and Girls), each group has 60 subjects, considered for six different parameters. These all subjects came from class IX from four local english medium schools. No group was further subdivided. Mental Health Battery (ISBN 93-87452-59-X) authered by Dr. Arun Kumar Singh & Dr Alpana Sen Gupta of National Psychological Corporation, Agra, was used as tool for the assessment of mental health. For statistical analysis and hypothesis testing, mean score and t-test were applied. The findings show that there was no significant difference in the influence on the mental health of adolescent of both sexes. On the basis of the findings in the presented study, it may be concluded that in adolescents who were performing Yoga routinely, gender has no influential factor in mental health.

#2579 Chronic pain in chronic kidney disease: differences between stages and replacement therapies

Abstract Background and Aims Pain is one of the most common symptoms among patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), often going unrecognized or inadequately managed in people undertaking hemodialysis. Over 50% of people on hemodialysis experience pain, with 75% of them being ineffectively treated due to healthcare professionals' lack of awareness of this symptom. Managing pain in this population is a complex and challenging task for healthcare professionals. Variables related to chronic pain can influence the patient's response to pain. There is a gap in the literature on this topic, as it has not been studied whether patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis exhibit characteristics of chronic pain that may be influencing their pain response. The objective of this study is to evaluate the presence and characteristics of variables related to chronic pain in hemodialysis patients with ESRD to assess whether including the management of chronic pain is relevant in the holistic treatment of these patients. Method This is a cross-sectional observational study that is currently ongoing. Participants included subjects that were willing to participate, with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3 and 4, CKD stage 5 in hemodialysis and transplanted patients. Several questionnaires were recorded to report different aspects related to chronic pain. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess differences between groups. Results Preliminary results on 26 subjects are shown in Table 1. No significant differences were found between groups. Transplanted and hemodialysis patients (in the hospital) experience more sleep disturbances and more pain catastrophizing. Transplanted and hemodialysis patients (in the hospital) present higher belief in their abilities to handle stressful situations in daily life, but they also suffer more headaches. Hemodialysis patients (hospital and home) present higher levels of anxiety and depression. Hemodialysis patients (at home) and transplanted patients exhibit higher levels of stress conditions. Finally, patients undergoing hemodialysis (in the hospital) and CKD stages 3 and 4 present higher levels of chronic pain. Conclusion A bigger sample is needed. However, based on the data, it seems that patients with CKD exhibit characteristics of chronic pain that should be addressed by healthcare professionals.

Investigating cognitive-motor effects during slacklining using mobile EEG.

Balancing is a very important skill, supporting many daily life activities. Cognitive-motor interference (CMI) dual-tasking paradigms have been established to identify the cognitive load of complex natural motor tasks, such as running and cycling. Here we used wireless, smartphone-recorded electroencephalography (EEG) and motion sensors while participants were either standing on firm ground or on a slackline, either performing an auditory oddball task (dual-task condition) or no task simultaneously (single-task condition). We expected a reduced amplitude and increased latency of the P3 event-related potential (ERP) component to target sounds for the complex balancing compared to the standing on ground condition, and a further decrease in the dual-task compared to the single-task balancing condition. Further, we expected greater postural sway during slacklining while performing the concurrent auditory attention task. Twenty young, experienced slackliners performed an auditory oddball task, silently counting rare target tones presented in a series of frequently occurring standard tones. Results revealed similar P3 topographies and morphologies during both movement conditions. Contrary to our predictions we observed neither significantly reduced P3 amplitudes, nor significantly increased latencies during slacklining. Unexpectedly, we found greater postural sway during slacklining with no additional task compared to dual-tasking. Further, we found a significant correlation between the participant's skill level and P3 latency, but not between skill level and P3 amplitude or postural sway. This pattern of results indicates an interference effect for less skilled individuals, whereas individuals with a high skill level may have shown a facilitation effect. Our study adds to the growing field of research demonstrating that ERPs obtained in uncontrolled, daily-life situations can provide meaningful results. We argue that the individual CMI effects on the P3 ERP reflects how demanding the balancing task is for untrained individuals, which draws on limited resources that are otherwise available for auditory attention processing. In future work, the analysis of concurrently recorded motion-sensor signals will help to identify the cognitive demands of motor tasks executed in natural, uncontrolled environments.

Emotional State Measurement Trial (EMOPROEXE): A Protocol for Promoting Exercise in Adults and Children with Cerebral Palsy.

The protocol described in this paper is part of a research project coordinated between three Spanish universities, where a technology aimed at improving the quality of life of people with cerebral palsy will be developed. Part of the proposed technology will consist of an interface and a series of applications to increase motivation for daily physical activity. The basis of these developments is the measurement of the emotional state of the subjects. The experimental protocol is designed with two research objectives, on the one hand to identify the emotional state through physiological signals, and on the other to determine whether music can be a motivating factor to promote physical activity. It is specifically designed for subjects with cerebral palsy, taking into account the special characteristics of this population. These are people with whom it is difficult to use questionnaires to have a basis to contrast with the measured physiological signals, so measurements must be taken in carefully chosen daily-life situations. We hope our findings show which physiological parameters are the most robust to measure the emotional state and how to design rehabilitation and physical activity promotion routines that are motivating, in addition to being able to avoid risk factors during the performance of these routines. NCT05621057.

The Effect of the Symbolic Meaning of Speed on Implicit Timing

Abstract It has been demonstrated that the stimulus’s features, including size, brightness, numerosity, and loudness, can affect the perception of subjective and explicit time. But, in a daily life situation, actual events presumably involve an implicit processing of time rather than an explicit processing, with some studies suggesting that the presentation of emotional stimuli before the target stimulus influences implicit timing. The present study aims to test the implicit component of temporal processing that the symbolic meaning of speed might influence. We used a time foreperiod task in which participants were first presented with a warning signal recalling the meaning of fast or slow speed, followed by the target. Our study shows significant main effects of the presented image cue and foreperiod effect. We observed faster reaction time when the target was preceded by a faster image compared to a slow image and in dependence of the factor of weight. Based on this, we conclude the symbolic meaning of speed can affect implicit timing by altering how the brain interprets temporal data.

Meta-membrane electric nanotrap enables instant and efficient water disinfection

Waterborne pathogenic diseases serve as a driving force for the development of effective water disinfection technologies to ensure safe drinking water. However, current water disinfection methods fail to simultaneously achieve instant biocide action, low energy consumption, and high throughput. Here, we design a meta-membrane electric nanotrap, assembled from Ag nanowires self-assembled within a SiO2 nanofibrous framework. By capitalizing on the synergistic effects of trapping and electroporation, this innovative nanotrap configuration enables instant and efficient sterilization. To demonstrate it, we present a disinfection unit equipped with the above membranes that exhibits a swift killing rate (over 6-log antibacterial efficacy within 0.053 s), operating at a high flux (11,200 L m−2 h−1) and an ultra-low driving voltage (1 V). This scalable and highly effective water disinfection technology possesses significant potential for application in daily life and emergency response situations.

Effectiveness of One Videoconference-Based Exposure and Response Prevention Session at Home in Adjunction to Inpatient Treatment in Persons With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Nonrandomized Study.

Therapist-guided exposure and response prevention (ERP) for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is frequently conducted within clinical settings but rarely at places where patients are usually confronted with OCD symptom-provoking situations in daily life (eg, at home). This study aimed to investigate patients' views on 1 ERP session at home via videoconference and its impact on treatment outcome. A total of 64 inpatients with OCD received 1 session of therapist-guided videoconference-based ERP at home in adjunction to a multimodal inpatient treatment between 2015 and 2020. Compared with 64 age- and sex-matched controls who received a multimodal inpatient treatment without 1 session of videoconference-based ERP at home, patients who received 1 session of videoconference-based ERP in adjunction to a multimodal inpatient treatment showed stronger reductions in OCD symptom severity from admission to discharge. Before the videoconference-based ERP session, patients reported high rationale credibility and treatment expectancy. After the videoconference-based ERP session, patients reported medium-to-high positive mood as well as depth and smoothness of the session, and they perceived the working alliance as high. Results highlight the importance of administering therapist-guided ERP sessions in patients' natural environment to enhance treatment response in OCD. Videoconference-based ERP as add-on to treatment as usual is, therefore, a promising approach to facilitate the application of ERP in patients' natural environment and foster the generalization of ERP conducted in clinical settings.

Kalimat Efektif dalam Bahasa Indonesia untuk Sukses Berkomunikasi

This article discusses effective sentences in Indonesian for successful communication, particularly in two common situations encountered in professional and educational environments. Case analyses involve examining real-life cases from various communication situations in daily life. These cases may include situations in both professional and educational settings. This analysis will assist researchers and readers in understanding the application of effective communication concepts in practical contexts, as well as reinforce understanding of the importance of effective sentences in communicating in the Indonesian language.

Age-related emotional advantages in encountering novel situation in daily life.

People encounter novel situations throughout their lives that contribute to the acquisition of knowledge and experience. However, novelty can be misaligned with goals and motivation in later adulthood according to socioemotional selectivity theory. This study investigated age differences in emotional reactions associated with novel experiences. Multilevel structural equation models were used to analyze experience-sampling data obtained from an adult sample of 375 participants aged 18-94 years who reported their current situation and momentary emotional experience five times per day for 7 days. On occasions where situations were rated as more novel, people reported reduced positive and increased negative emotion. Those who had more overall exposure to novel situations tended to have more negative emotional experiences in general. Contrary to our hypothesis, there were age differences in individuals' negative emotional reactivity to situations that are perceived as more novel, such that novel situations were reported as less negative among older adults. By applying theoretical understanding of age differences in motivation and well-being in adulthood, our findings illuminate aspects of situations that elicit negative emotions. Findings highlight age-related benefits in emotional well-being, consistent with socioemotional selectivity theory postulates, and further implies that older adults may not be novelty averse. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

What increase students’ creative thinking skills? employing problem-based learning-digital mind map in biology learning

Creative thinking has widely discussed due the urgency at the 21st century life. These thinking process helps people to tackling situation and problems in daily life. This study aimed to analyze the secondary students’ creative thinking through Problem-based Learning integrated with Digital Mind Map (PBL-DMM). This study was conducted at Solok Secondary High School, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Using quantitative research design, 60 students were taught by PBL-DMM. Creative thinking was testing by essay test in three times. The essay tests previously validated by the expert appraisal and once were testing to the former students to measure the empirical validity and reliability. All tests were declared valid and reliable. The result of the treatment was students’ creative thinking increase within three time of tests. This finding means that PBL-DMM can helps students to promote their creative thinking during the learning process. Digital mind map taking role as a tool to organize students’ concept, knowledge, and information.

Benefits of thermal and distance-filtered imaging for wayfinding with prosthetic vision

Visual prostheses such as the Argus II provide partial vision for individuals with limited or no light perception. However, their effectiveness in daily life situations is limited by scene complexity and variability. We investigated whether additional image processing techniques could improve mobility performance in everyday indoor environments. A mobile system connected to the Argus II provided thermal or distance-filtered video stimulation. Four participants used the thermal camera to locate a person and the distance filter to navigate a hallway with obstacles. The thermal camera allowed for finding a target person in 99% of trials, while unfiltered video led to confusion with other objects and a success rate of only 55% (p<0.01\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$p<0.01$$\\end{document}). Similarly, the distance filter enabled participants to detect and avoid 88% of obstacles by removing background clutter, whereas unfiltered video resulted in a detection rate of only 10% (p<0.01\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$p<0.01$$\\end{document}). For any given elapsed time, the success rate with filtered video was higher than with unfiltered video. After 90 s, participants’ success rate reached above 50% with filtered video and 24% and 3% with normal camera in the first and second tasks, respectively. Despite individual variations, all participants showed significant improvement when using the thermal and distance filters compared to unfiltered video. Adding a thermal and distance filter to a visual prosthesis system can enhance the performance of mobility activities by removing clutter in the background, showing people and warm objects with the thermal camera, or nearby obstacles with the distance filter.