Activities Of Daily Research Articles

Assessment of Clinical and Functional Outcomes of the Proximal Humerus Internal Locking Compression Plate in Different Neer’s Types of Proximal Humeral Fracture: A Prospective Observational Study

Abstract Background: Over the years, various fixation methods have been developed for managing unstable proximal humerus fractures (PHFs), including conservative and surgical approaches like tension band wiring, suture fixation, intramedullary nailing, hemiarthroplasty, fixed-angled locking plates, and proximal humerus internal locking system (PHILOS) plating. Each method claims superior effectiveness as a fixation device. Aims: The study evaluated the functional outcome of the PHILOS in different parts of the PHF using the Constant–Murley score (CMS), which measures post-operative pain, daily activity ability, limb range of motion (ROM), and strength. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study of 50 participants aged 16 years and above at Rajasthan Hospitals in Ahmedabad, conducted from July 2020 to July 2022, examined the use of the PHILOS for PHF treatment. Results: The results revealed that two-part fractures had a significantly higher mean CMS (72.4 ± 10.8) compared with three-part (60.8 ± 8.1) and four-part (59.3 ± 5.3) fractures. The P value of 0.0003 indicated that the difference in CMS score between two and three or four parts of PHF after fixing them with PHILOS was statistically significant. Conclusion: The study concludes that using a locking plate for PHFs consistently leads to positive clinical and functional outcomes, including improved CMS, daily living activities, and ROM.

Knowledge And Attitude Of Nurses About Radiation Safety And Radiation Protection: A Scoping Review

Background: Radiation is an electromagnetic wave which is coming across the daily activity of humans. There are naturally occurring and man-made radiations. X-rays, being the commonest radiation mostly known to the people are used in the medica field for diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. Despite of being at good in the preliminary evaluation of pathologies, it also possess a risk of biological effects of radiation on living tissues. This is crucial for the people who are associated with radiation as part of their occupation. The occupational staff must be well aware of the biological effects of radiation and the different means of radiation protection and safety. Nurses, being the largest community in the healthcare, and associated with most of the procedures carried out in a hospital, are expected to have a good knowledge and understanding about the radiation and radiation safety. The aim of this review was to assess the nurses’ awareness and knowledge of radiation safety and protection, which is essential for their health and performance as a healthcare team. Materials and Methods: A systematic search was conducted using PubMed and ProQuest databases with relevant keywords from 2013 to 2023. A total of 104 articles were found based on the search techniques, were screened for eligibility based on predefined criteria and only 7 articles were included in the final analysis. Results: The review found that nurses’ knowledge and attitudes towards radiation safety and protection were insufficient and varied across different settings and specialties. The main barriers to adequate knowledge and practice were lack of education, training, and resources. Conclusion: The review highlighted the need for improving nurses’ knowledge and competence in radiation safety and protection through regular and comprehensive training programs, guidelines, and policies. This would enhance the quality and safety of the services provided by the nurses and protect them from the harmful effects of radiation exposure.

Defining the complex needs of families with rare diseases-the example of telomere biology disorders.

Families with rare diseases, such as telomere biology disorders (TBDs), may have extensive unmet needs given the heterogeneity, chronicity, and potential severity of illness. TBDs are rare inherited syndromes associated with high risk of bone marrow failure, cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, and other severe, chronic complications. To identify gaps in clinical care, we aimed to ascertain the perceived unmet needs of adults and family caregivers, current or bereaved, of individuals with TBDs. Participants were aged ≥18 years with a self-reported TBD diagnosis and/or ever caregivers to one or more family members with a TBD. Participants completed an online survey (N = 35) and/or an audio-recorded telephone interview (N = 32). We calculated descriptive statistics in SPSS and thematically analyzed interview transcripts. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed concurrently. Most participants were aged ≥35 years, female, highly educated, and medically insured. Survey respondents reported numerous unmet needs in psychosocial, medical, financial, and daily activity domains. In interviews, participant descriptions validated and contextualized the salience of these unmet needs. Both qualitative and quantitative data identified critical shortfalls in addressing chronic family distress and specialty care coordination. Adults and caregivers of individuals with TBDs have a high risk of adverse psychosocial sequelae given extensive unmet needs. These findings provide a foundation for understanding the range and extent of gaps in care for families with rare diseases, especially TBDs but that are likely applicable to others. Tailored multi-disciplinary interventions involving patients, families, clinicians, researchers, and patient advocacy communities are required to appropriately address care needs for all rare diseases.

Breast Cancer and Risk of Depression: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study Among Women With and Without Breast Cancer in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

The extent of symptoms of depression among patients with breast cancer compared with those without the disease is not well documented in Ethiopia and other sub-Saharan African countries. This study examines the prevalence of symptoms of depression in women with breast cancer (n = 436) compared with those without breast cancer (n = 856) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, through a comparative cross-sectional study using a validated questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The association between breast cancer diagnosis and symptoms of depression was evaluated using a multivariable binary logistic regression model. About 39.2% of women with breast cancer had some level of symptoms of depression compared with 23.8% of women without the disease. By severity of symptoms of depression, 13.1% of women with breast cancer reported moderate to severe symptoms of depression compared with 6.8% of women without the disease. Sixty-three percent of women with breast cancer reported difficulties performing routine daily activities, compared with 36.7% of women without the disease. In the multivariable-adjusted model, women with breast cancer were 2 times (adjusted odds ratio, 2.26 [95% CI, 1.49 to 3.44]) more likely to report symptoms of depression compared with those without the disease. Likewise, women with breast cancer were 4.78 (95% CI, 3.51 to 6.52) times more likely to report difficulty in performing routine daily activities compared with women without the disease. Four in 10 women with breast cancer in Addis Ababa reported having symptoms of depression, which was considerably higher than women in the general population. This finding emphasizes the importance of addressing psychosocial needs among women with breast cancer to enhance quality of life and potentially extend longevity.

KAJIAN ESTETIKA PENERANGAN JALAN UMUM DI KAWASAN JALAN SENOPATI, JALAN SURYO, JALAN WOLTER MONGINSIDI, DAN JALAN GUNAWARMAN, JAKARTA SELATAN

Street Lighting is a public facility that is used to improve road safety by lighting the road at night and helping road users to see the road they are on more clearly at night. The areas around Jalan Senopati, South Jakarta, are residential and commercial areas where people are busy carrying out their daily activities. These three road areas are equipped with pedestrians and supporting facilities in the form of revitalized street lighting. The objects of this research are street lighting located in the areas of Jalan Senopati, Jalan Suryo, Jalan Wolter Monginsidi, and Jalan Gunawarman, South Jakarta. The focus of the research problem is the various forms and aesthetic elements of street lighting in the areas of Jalan Senopati, Jalan Suryo, Jalan Wolter Monginsidi, and Jalan Gunawarman, South Jakarta, and how aesthetics are applied to street lighting ornaments in these areas. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, to identify and describe the application of aesthetics to street lighting ornaments in the areas of Jalan Senopati, Jalan Suryo, Jalan Wolter Monginsidi, and Jalan Gunawarman, South Jakarta. The results of this research are that there is a diversity of aesthetic elements used in street lighting, namely in the form of the development of geometric shapes, local wisdom cultural ornaments, and forms of narrative depiction of urban activities in the area. Application of ornamental aesthetics to areas and empty spaces that does not interfere with the functional purpose and benefits of the product as street lighting in the area.

The Importance of Protecting E-Commerce Consumer Personal Data

Technological advances offer various conveniences in human daily activities in order to meet their needs. One of the daily human activities that has changed due to the presence of technology is online buying and selling through e-commerce media. Shopping with e-commerce is people's choice because it saves time and costs. However, behind this convenience, attention needs to be paid to the security of consumer data on e-commerce platforms. This article will discuss the importance of protecting personal data from e-commerce consumers. This article was written using a normative type research method with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The legal materials used in this research are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The technique of collecting legal materials in this research uses literature studies (library research). The legal problem analysis technique used in this research is deductive analysis technique. The results of this research are that personal data security is very necessary in shopping activities in e-commerce, because it is related to consumer satisfaction. When consumers feel safe and are not wary of shopping on e-commerce, they will make shopping on e-commerce a priority compared to shopping conventionally.

A Unique Presentation of Excitatory Catatonia Alongside AntiNmda Receptor Encephalitis: A Case Report

Introduction: Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, first described in 2007, is a prominent cause of autoimmune encephalitis, predominantly affecting females. Its clinical presentation includes a prodromal phase with flu-like symptoms, followed by psychosis, unresponsiveness, hyperkinesis, and recovery [1]. Catatonia can coexist sounds better than cooccur in patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, complicating diagnosis and effective treatment. Case Summary: This case report discusses a 41-year-old African American female with a history of seizure disorder, schizoaffective disorder with catatonia, developmental delay, Catatonia in itself is not the diagnosis as per dsm 5. We could use it as a specifier with other diagnosis, be it schizoaffective disorder or seizure disorder here. So we could mention as schizoaffective disorder with catatonia. and recent bereavement. Her symptoms included variable motor hyperactivity, alternating between restlessness and sedation, with an initial Busch Francis Rating Scale score of 18. Initially diagnosed with excitatory catatonia secondary to schizoaffective disorder and treated with benzodiazepines, her condition failed to improve, prompting further investigation. Despite additional treatment for a urinary tract infection and medication adjustment, which included adding valproic acid and amantadine, her condition remained uncontrolled. Subsequent lumbar puncture revealed inflammatory markers, and her anti-NMDA receptor IgG antibody assay was positive at 1:1280, confirming the diagnosis of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Treatment was escalated to include methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin, alongside six sessions of ECT for management of her catatonia. The patient showed significant improvement, achieving functional recovery and independence in daily activities before discharge. Conclusion: This case emphasizes the importance of considering anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in patients with unexplained, refractory neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as catatonia, and highlights the value of a multidisciplinary approach in managing and rehabilitating affected individuals. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to improving outcomes and reducing the risk of persistent cognitive deficits.

Modular Universal Tumor and Revision System Prostheses in Patients with Bone Cancer of the Lower Limbs: A Narrative Review of Functional Outcomes.

The optimal management of bone tumors requires a multidisciplinary strategy to guarantee high-quality care. At specialized centers, the medical team responsible for managing patients with bone cancer comprises oncologists, surgeons, radiologists, pathologists, and rehabilitation specialists. The goal of treatment is to achieve long-term survival with minimal disability and pain. Postoperative rehabilitation is a fundamental therapeutic approach to enhance functionality and sustain the utmost quality of life following a limb-sparing surgery. Currently, megaprostheses are used for reconstructing bone defects after tumor resection, but in the literature, only a few studies have investigated rehabilitation outcomes in terms of functionality and impact on daily activities. This narrative review explores the functional and quality of life outcomes after the implantation of MUTARS® prostheses in patients with lower extremity bone tumors. A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus using the following MESH terms: "MUTARS", "Megaprosthesis", "bone", "tumors", "metastasis", "lower limb", "rehabilitation", "outcome", and "quality of life", and 10 studies were included. The most frequent oncological pathology was found to be primitive bone tumors treated with modular prostheses. The outcome measures used were the Henderson et al. classification, Harris Hip Scale, Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score, Visual Analog Scale, Range Of Motion, Karnofsky Performance Scale, and quality of life questionnaire. MUTARS® is a well-established treatment option after bone tumor resection, although it involves extensive and complex post-resection reconstruction that exposes joints and tissues to substantial mechanical stress. Proper rehabilitation after MUTARS® surgery is a fundamental therapeutic step, although there is still insufficient evidence in the literature focusing on functional and rehabilitative outcomes. Therefore, more studies and guidelines are needed to define standardized rehabilitation protocols for clinical practice after orthopedic oncologic surgery.

COGNITIVE FUNCTION OF THE ELDERLY IN PALEMBANG CITY NURSING HOMES: AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY

Elderly refers to individuals who have reached the final stage of life, namely 60 years old and above. Physiologically, the elderly will experience various declines in body functions. The decline in cognitive function is among the most common in the elderly. The incidence of cognitive decline in the elderly in Indonesia is relatively high, which is as much as 32.4%, and is most vulnerable at the age of 65 years. Cognitive impairment can cause older adults to have difficulty in doing daily activities (bathing, dressing, washing, cooking), managing finances, getting lost on the road, and other disturbances that make the elderly less independent and confident, then tend to withdraw from social activities. The disturbances can also lead to anxiety disorders and depression. This study aims to determine the profile of cognitive function in the elderly at Palembang Nursing Homes. This cross-sectional study involves all elderly individuals in Palembang City Nursing Homes who meet the inclusion-exclusion criteria. The Indonesian version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-Ina) was used to assess cognitive function. In this study, as many as 69 elderly (87.34%) had experienced a decline in cognitive function. Then, the dominant characteristics in the group that experienced a decrease in cognitive function were >90 years old (100%), women (91.38%), college graduates (100%), never worked (100%), had a history of stroke (92.86%), did not remember or did not know about cognitive impairment history in the family (93.33%). Delayed recall was the aspect that experienced the most disruption (96.2%). This study has revealed that the prevalence of cognitive impairment in Palembang Nursing Homes is exceptionally high. Therefore, it is imperative to implement routine screenings to identify early cognitive impairment in the elderly to provide immediate treatment.

Outcomes of acetabular fractures.

Acetabular fractures are prognostic relevant fractures in terms of function and daily activities. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is still the gold-standard in treating these injuries. Over recent years, several reports are dealing with outcome evaluations but have the main disadvantage of combining several fracture types., Thus, it remains unclear to discuss a fracture-based prognosis. This analysis evaluated fracture-type specific results in terms of clinical and radiological outcome. Analyzing elementary fracture types, pure transverse and isolated posterior column fractures are associated with relevant functional impairments. Except for posterior column fractures all other elementary fracture types were associated with degenerative changes in nearly 20%. Anterior column fractures seems to be "forgiving fractures" as they are associated with the longest median time until hip joint failure occurs. In associated fracture-types T-shaped fractures are still demanding fractures with < 60% anatomic reductions and a high rate of functional impairments. All associated fracture types are associated with a relevant rate of secondary degeneration of the hip joint between 20 and 40% of patients. Early hip joint failure (THR, Femoral head necrosis, severe heterotopic ossification) within the 1st year is frequently seen in associated posterior column and posterior wall fractures, but with a relative good prognosis, if the joint survived the first year after ORIF. The highest survival rates of the hip joint is observed with ABC-fractures. Also, these fractures seem to be "forgiving fractures".

Effect of low-intensity aerobic cycling ergometer on ability to perform activity of daily living of patients with myasthenia gravis in RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya

Background and objectives. Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction causing fluctuating skeletal muscle weakness and fatigue that result in increased restrictions on physical activity, affecting the patient's ability to perform daily activities in the family, social, and work environment. The MG-ADL scale is an assessment of the ability of the daily activities of MG patients that does not require equipment or special skills for the examiner and can be done in a short time. This study analyzes the effect of low intensity aerobic exercise cycle ergometer on the ability to perform daily activities of MG patients. Materials and methods. Twenty-two MG patients, MGFA class IIa and IIb, aged 18–59, participated in this study. The subjects were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group. The treatment group received aerobic cycle ergometer exercise for 30 minutes, three times per week, for eight weeks. Both groups were educated to continue medication from neurology, perform physical activity as usual, and breathing exercises. Assessment of MG-ADL performed before and after intervention. Results. There was an improvement in scores on breathing and lower limb function in the treatment group. There was significant decrease in MG-ADL scores at the intervention group (p = 0.000) with large effect size (1.09). The comparison of MG-ADL scores between groups showed a significant value (p = 0.009) with a large effect size (1.24). Conclusion. Low intensity aerobic exercise cycle ergometer for 8 weeks improves the ability to perform ADL in MG patient.

Persistence, not avoidance, is associated with low back pain-An observational cohort study.

Low back pain (LBP) is increasingly understood as a long-lasting condition with a variable course. Avoidance and persistence behaviour have been described to mediate pain persistence by potentially linking psychosocial factors and biomechanics. The resulting maladaptive changes in musculoskeletal structures can result in movement control impairment (MCI). This investigation aimed to observe avoidance and persistence behaviour and MCI in participants with acute LBP over 1 year and explore their association with pain persistence. In this observational cohort study, 165 participants were assessed at five time points: ≤ 1 month (baseline), 2, 3, 6, and 12 months after the onset of acute LBP. Simultaneously collected clinical data such as self-reported outcomes at baseline for avoidance and persistence and assessments of MCI were filled in linear mixed-effects regression models. The mixed-effects analysis revealed for the adjusted model that a one-point increase in persistence scores resulted in a 3.31-point increase in pain intensity while interacting with state anxiety over time (p = 0.05, 95% confidence interval 0.07-6.07). This effect was not found for avoidance behaviour at baseline (p = 0.21) and MCI. The relationship between persistence and pain intensity throughout measurement suggests that continuing usual activities beyond pain, coupled with feelings of distress, may lead to persistent LBP. These results underscore the need for a therapeutic shift toward a multidimensional approach that considers the physical and psychological characteristics of persons with LBP. Screening for activity patterns in acute LBP is critical for providing tailored treatment and counselling. In acute low back pain (LBP), maintaining usual activities despite pain and distress can contribute to the continuation of LBP. Alongside a multidimensional approach that considers physical and psychological factors, attitudes toward daily activities are also important. Screening for both maladaptive and adaptive activity patterns in individuals with acute LBP is essential for effective LBP management, improving patient outcomes, and preventing persistent pain.

Investigation of the Link Between Food Assistance Programs and Physical Activity Among Children and Adolescents.

While the direct benefits of food assistance programs are well-documented, there is a need to explore indirect benefits like increased physical activity. This study examined whether participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) was associated with improved physical activity levels in children and adolescents aged 2-17 in the United States during 2017-2018. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. This cross-sectional study used a subset of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (n=2620). In the NHANES 2017-2018 dataset, physical activity was measured through self-report questionnaires, which captured participants' frequency, duration, and intensity of various activities. We used weighted logistic regression and the Hosmer - Lemeshow - Sturdivant forward model - building strategy to investigate this hypothesized association using SAS version 9.4. In the adjusted model, controlling for the other variables in the model, we found that children and adolescents from households that had received SNAP/Food Stamps had 1.53 times higher odds (odds ratio [OR]=1.53, 95% CI: 1.24-1.89) of achieving the recommended guidelines of 60 minutes of daily physical activity compared to those who had not received benefits. Each additional year of age resulted in 0.82 times lower odds (OR=0.82; 95% CI: 0.79, 0.85) of meeting the recommended amounts of physical activity. Additionally, each unit increase in BMI was associated with 0.96 times lower odds (OR=0.96, 95% CI: 0.93, 0.98) of engaging in recommended physical activity. These findings suggest that participation in the SNAP/Food Stamps program may indirectly benefit participants by increasing physical activity levels.

Analysis of Community Participation and Satisfaction with the Engku Putri Square as an Open Sports Space in Batam City

This study aims to investigate community participation and satisfaction with the Engku Putri Square as an open sports space in the city of Batam to find out how far the government has implemented the National Sports System Law (UU SKN) through the two dimensions of the Sports Development Index (SDI). Case studies were chosen as an approach to achieve the objectives of this research. Data were obtained through interviews, observations, and documents. The interviewees were 16 community members who used the Engku Putri square as a place to exercise. Observations were made on daily sports activities, the condition of the facilities, and the atmosphere at the Engku Putri square. Document data was obtained from the relevant SKPD, namely the Public Works Department (DPU) Parks section, the Indonesian Community Recreational Sports Federation (FORMI) in the city of Batam, and the Internet. Data analysis uses a thematic analysis approach by reading data, grouping initial codes, determining themes, and writing reports. The results are presented through a description of the environmental characteristics of Engku Putri Square, Batam City, tabulated results of community participation and satisfaction in several themes. Participation is the initial discussion through calculating the SDI participation index with intermediate criteria. Meanwhile, satisfaction is categorized into four major themes, namely (1) quality and service, (2) price, (3) emotional factors, and (4) convenience. Each of them was at a satisfactory level with several inputs as follows: (1) the need for additional sports facilities in the Engku Putri square, Batam city, (2) attention to the maintenance of facilities in the Engku Putri town square, Batam city, and (3) observing cleanliness in the Engku Putri square, Batam city.

Patient-reported outcome measures for lupus nephritis: content validity of LupusQoL and FACIT-Fatigue

BackgroundLupus nephritis (LN), a severe organ manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), significantly impacts health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue) and Lupus Quality of Life (LupusQoL) have been validated to measure HRQoL in SLE, but not specifically in LN. Patient-reported symptoms of LN are not well-reported. We assessed the content validity and relevance of these measures in evaluating patients with LN and their LN-related experiences.MethodsThis qualitative, interview-based study enrolled patients with LN from three US sites from a larger, retrospective survey study. The interview comprised an open-ended concept elicitation part and a more structured cognitive part. Concept elicitation was used to identify relevant themes describing the patients’ experiences. Patients were asked to describe their LN-related symptoms, the severity and impact of those symptoms and their satisfaction with treatment. A cognitive interview approach evaluated the appropriate understanding of the items, instructions, and response options and asked patients about their understanding of the FACIT-Fatigue or LupusQoL measures, their relevance to the condition, and any aspects of confusion or need for better clarity of the questionnaires. All interviews were recorded and transcribed. The concept elicitation data were coded, while the cognitive interview data were tabulated to present the participants’ responses next to the interview questions to support the evaluation of their understanding of the questionnaire items.ResultsOverall, 10 patients participated in FACIT-Fatigue and another 10 in LupusQoL interviews; 18 patients were female, 10 were Black (self-reported) and 17 were receiving maintenance treatment for LN with stable disease activity. When patients recalled their symptoms, 670 expressions of varying symptoms were reported. All patients described pain, discomfort, and energy-related symptoms. Urinary frequency and non-joint swelling were most frequently attributed to LN rather than SLE. Patients felt the questions asked in the FACIT-Fatigue and LupusQoL surveys were relevant to their LN experience.ConclusionsThe symptoms reported by patients with LN were consistent with symptoms reported by the overall SLE population. However, patients indicated that some symptoms of LN were more profound than symptoms of SLE alone, affecting a broad range of areas of daily life activity and resulting in a higher burden on their HRQoL. FACIT-Fatigue and LupusQoL demonstrated content relevance as meaningful tools for patients with LN. However, further quantitative data collection is needed to ensure that these patient-reported outcome tools demonstrate good measurement properties in an LN population.

Жизненный мир студенчества: от государственного регулирования к активным практикам

The article presents a rationale for the centrality of the methodological framework of life world research as the most crucial reference point for empirical studies of students. It considers the unity in the study of objective and subjective, individual, group, social consciousness and behaviour as social action, diverse types and forms of activity, and the conditions for their implementation. A comprehensive and multifaceted understanding of youth, achieved through a pluralistic approach to methodology and the unification of the life world construct, enables a novel comprehension of not only the heterogeneous and multifaceted student community, but also the ways in which the state and society can facilitate the socialisation of the younger generation, its self-realisation within the education system, its integration into the environment of daily life activities, professional employment and leisure. It provides an overview and description of the key problematic aspects revealed in the articles of the issue.

Improving Physical Fitness through a Circuit Games Model

This study aims to determine how effectively these circuit games can enhance physical fitness among young students and whether this approach can lead to measurable improvements in their overall physical health and capabilities. This study employs the action research method to assess the impact of circuit games on improving student fitness. By observing changes in student behavior and physical capabilities, the researcher aims to determine the effectiveness of the circuit game model in enhancing overall fitness. The TKSI (Test Kebugaran Siswa Indonesia) is used as a key tool to measure and evaluate the students’ fitness levels throughout the study. Through this approach, the study seeks to provide insights into how circuit training games can be effectively utilized to boost physical fitness among students. The results stated that physical fitness is a crucial asset for students, as it significantly enhances their ability to perform daily activities and tasks efficiently. Students with good physical fitness are generally better equipped to handle the demands of both academic and extracurricular activities, while those with lower fitness levels often struggle with fatigue and difficulty in daily tasks. Circuit training games offer a dynamic approach to fitness, combining aerobic exercises with strength training and flexibility. These games involve various stations, each designed to target different aspects of physical fitness, and require students to complete each station within a set time before moving on to the next.

Moral responsibility of public servants: the essence and directions of improvement

It is indicated that the moral and ethical side of public servants’ activities is still “terra incognita” for both the national legislator and the scientific community. By comprehending the position of past thinkers, the understanding of the fundamental role of moral and ethical norms in shaping the doctrines of the essence of social responsibility, including such a dimension as moral responsibility, is formed. The choice of one of the ethical norms of behaviour by a public servant is positioned as the quintessence of moral responsibility of public servants. The moral responsibility of public servants is an independent analytical and self-critical activity of a particular public servant based on his/her conscience, as well as on the system of moral and ethical coordinates formed at the level of established and supported by the management practices of daily activities of the staff of a particular public authority, local self-government body, civil society institution, which is embodied in the analysis of their own behaviour and its correlation with the proper moral standard of public servants’ activities. The essence of the moral standard itself is reduced to a model of generally accepted behaviour in Ukrainian society, formed on the basis of administrative and legal legislation, history of the national State-building, moral and ethical values laid down at the level of the principles of public administration, leading trends in scientific and technological progress, acceptable among the population of Ukraine, with due regard for the interests of the main national, racial, linguistic, religious and other minorities. The category of moral and ethical portrait of a public servant is proposed, which is understood as a set of organisational, managerial, institutional, financial instruments and mechanisms for disseminating opinions about a particular public servant and forming social perception at the level of the entire population or a certain part of it (service recipients, representatives of a region, field of activity, organisation) regarding the role, functions, purpose (vocation) and activities of such a public servant in general. In order to introduce high moral standards into the activities of domestic public servants, the following areas of improvement of their activities in the context of moral responsibility are proposed: restructuring of public morality in the context of understanding the activities of whistleblowers; increasing the authority of public authorities; development and adoption of the Code of Ethics for Public Servants at the national level.

Groundwater Quality and Potential Health Risk Assessment for Potable Use

The Ramganga River basin, comprising three rivers, the Dhela, Dhandi, and Ramganga, plays a vital role in groundwater recharge, sustaining numerous industries, urban areas, and rural communities reliant on these rivers for daily activities. The study’s primary purpose was to analyze the groundwater quality in the context of potability, irrigation, and health risks to the local inhabitants of the Ramganga River basin. In 2021–2022, 52 samples (26 × 2) were collected from 13 locations in two different seasons, i.e., pre-monsoon and post-monsoon, and 20 physico-chemical and heavy metal and metalloids were analyzed using the standard protocols. The result shows that heavy metal and metalloids and metalloid concentrations of Zn (0.309–1.787 and 0.613–1.633); Fe (0.290–0.965 and 0.253–1.720), Cd (0.001–0.002 and 0.001–0.002); As (0.001–0.002 and 0.001–0.002), Cr (0.009–0.027 and 0.011–0.029), and Pb (−0.001–0.010 and 0.00–0.010) values in mg/L are present in both seasons. The groundwater quality index (GWQI), heavy metal pollution Index (HPI), and heavy metal evaluation index (HEI) were used to assess the water quality and metal pollution in the basin area. As per GWQI values, water quality lies from excellent water quality (41.639 and 43.091) to good water quality (56.326 and 53.902); as per HPI values, it shows good (29.51 and 30.03) to poor quality (60.26 and 59.75) and HEI values show the low-level contamination (1.03–2.57 and 1.13–3.37) of heavy metal and metalloids in both seasons. According to the potential health risk assessment, infants show low risk in pre-monsoon and low risk to medium post-monsoon, while children and adults show low risk to high risk in both seasons. From the health risk perspective, it shows that children and adults have more concerns about non-carcinogenic effects, so adequate remedial measures and treatment are required to avoid the groundwater quality of the Ramganga River basin.

Night life: Positional behaviors and activity patterns of the Neotropical kinkajou, Potos flavus (Carnivora, Procyonidae)

AbstractStudying positional behaviors is important for understanding how animals interact with their immediate environment. This is particularly important in arboreal species since arboreal milieus are primarily characterized by three‐dimensional problems that arboreal species must overcome to efficiently access resources. Similarly, a fundamental aspect of an animal's ecology is its daily activity pattern. This information is important for understanding the basic ecology of animal species and their eco‐evolutionary dynamics. This study sought to understand the habitat use and nocturnal lifestyle of the highly arboreal kinkajou (Potos flavus) by documenting variation in positional behaviors and activity patterns using 2223 photographs obtained from 27 camera traps in French Guiana. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Kernel density estimation (KDE), and Gantt charts. Our results indicate that kinkajous show a strictly nocturnal activity pattern beginning from 19:00 h to 05:57 h, with peak active periods between 01:00 h and 02:00 h. The most frequent activities were scanning (48.33%) and traveling (47.13%). Quadrupedal walking (95.43%) was the main locomotor behavior during traveling. However, when crossing gaps between two substrates, kinkajous would either bridge (42.22%), leap (33.33%), or drop (26.67%) across gaps. Inactive periods were characterized by grooming (77.32%) and resting (27.84%) while mostly assuming a sitting (90.67%) or a catlike body curl posture (92.59%), interchangeably. This study highlights the broad array of positional behaviors displayed by kinkajous, further providing information to understand its basic ecology and eco‐evolutionary dynamics.