Daily Activity Plan Research Articles

Forecasting Daily Activity Plans of a Synthetic Population in an Upcoming District

The modeling and simulation of societies requires identifying the spatio-temporal patterns of people’s activities. In urban areas, it is key to effective urban planning; it can be used in real estate projects to predict their future impacts on behavior in surrounding accessible areas. The work presented here aims at developing a method for making it possible to model the potential visits of the various equipment and public spaces of a district under construction by mobilizing data from census at the regional level and the layout of shops and activities as defined by the real estate project. This agent-based model takes into account the flow of external visitors, estimated realistically based on the pre-occupancy movements in the surrounding cities. To perform this evaluation, we implemented a multi-agent-based simulation model (MATSim) at the regional scale and at the scale of the future district. In its design, the district is physically open to the outside and will offer services that will be of interest to other residents or users of the surrounding area. To know the effect of this opening on a potential transit of visitors in the district, as well as the places of interest for the inhabitants, it is necessary to predict the flows of micro-trips within the district once it is built. We propose an attraction model to estimate the daily activities and trips of the future residents based on the attractiveness of the facilities and the urbanistic potential of the blocks. This transportation model is articulated in conjunction with the regional model in order to establish the flow of outgoing and incoming visitors. The impacts of the future district on the mobility of its surrounding area is deduced by implementing a simulation in the projection situation.

Generating and understanding human daily activity sequences using Time-Varying Markov Chain models

Human activity patterns have raised broad interests across fields and activity-based modeling has been applied to analyze travel behaviors, effects of policies, etc. In this paper, we examined daily activity sequences from large volumes of datasets collected in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area over thirty years. We show that, using a simple time-varying (inhomogeneous) Markov Chain model, activity sequences at the individual level can be generated with high accuracy. The predictive power of the model is comparable to neural network models when generating activity sequences for each administrative region. The results are surprising considering the huge number of potential activity sequences and the complicated process of activity planning. A fundamental relationship between time-varying Markov Chain models and Multinomial Logit models is recognized to understand the unexpected accuracy. A new mechanism is proposed on how people make daily activity plans from the perspective of cost and utility, where the probability of one plan being chosen is the same as the probability of it being generated by the Markov Chain model. From this perspective, the Markov process becomes a utility-based model. Furthermore, given the average time-varying transition probabilities over a large spatial and temporal scale, the Markov Chain model for any specific area is reconstructed with six parameters. The generation accuracy using the reconstructed model is examined. Moreover, the statistical characteristics of the costs assigned to the Markov Chain model are investigated.

Vehicle control

Through the activities carried out, a police officer constantly seeks to protect life and the bodily integrity and other legitimate rights and interests of citizens. In this sense, the action to impose the law is fully justified and must be explained to those concerned, to make them understand that as long as they align with the established norms, they will not be subject to its repressive side. The activity of a traffic policeman is carried out in a planned manner, according to the daily activity plan and established patrol variants, which eliminates its random character. Traffic police activities are carried out by crews (patrols) made up of at least two traffic policemen. In special situations, when for objective reasons this configuration of the crew cannot be ensured, it is accepted that one of the policemen belongs to another police formation, or is replaced by a gendarme or by support persons. At the request of the traffic participant, a policeman presents himself with his service ID. If the citizen has doubts about the policeman's presence in traffic in the place and at that time or if he is interested in whether he is in the exercise of his duties, he can contact the nearest police unit (municipal or city police, respectively police station) communal), the policeman being obliged to present the personal documents or the devices used only to the competent authorities.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Akademik Berbasis Website Dengan Metode SDLC

In the conditions of today's globalization, information technology is developing rapidly. School really need an academic information system that supports and makes it easy for staff and parents of student.This research is motivated by a lack of information about children’s learning development. And because parents of schoolchildren lack information about their children's learning, the result is that parents do not know the development of their child’s school learning. The purpose of this research is of course to provide benefits for staff, teacher and parents to make it easier to get information or the results of school development from students. The method that the author uses in developing this software is the SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) waterfall model. Therefore, researchers try to help with problems that exist in schools such as the lack of updating of data or information contained in schools. By creating a computerized system, it is hoped that it can work to help teacher provide information to parents of students. A web-based system that contains student attendance list, student daily activity plans, and report cards which are the end result of student development at school.The author tested this academic information system by using a regression test. The test results show that this system meets the test success criteria, such as acccuracy and speed in processing data. A website-based academic information system using the SDLC method can help users manage academic data easily, quicly and accurately. The SDLC method used can help develop a good and correct system, and according to user needs.

Associations of postoperative delirium with activities of daily living in older people after major surgery: A prospective cohort study.

To assess the association of postoperative delirium developed in the post-anaesthetic care unit (PACU) with older patients' ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) during the first five postoperative days. Previous studies have focused on the association between postoperative delirium and long-term function decline, however the association between postoperative delirium and the ability to perform ADL, particularly in the immediate postoperative period, needs further investigation. A prospective cohort study. A total of 271 older patients who underwent elective or emergency surgery at a tertiary care hospital in Victoria, Australia, participated in the study. Data were collected between July 2021 and December 2021. Delirium was assessed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5). The Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living (KATZ ADL) scale was used to measure ADL. ADL was assessed preoperatively and daily during the first five postoperative days. The STROBE checklist was used to report this study. Results showed that 44 (16.2%) patients developed new episode of delirium. Postoperative delirium was independently associated with decline in ADL (RR = 2.83, 95% CI = 2.71-2.97; p < 0.001). Postoperative delirium was associated with a decline in ADL among older people during the first five postoperative days. Screening for delirium in the PACU is essential to identify delirium during the early stages of postoperative period and implement a timely comprehensive plan. Delirium assessment of older patients in the PACU, and for at least the first five postoperative days, is strongly recommended. We also recommend engagement of patients in a focused physical and cognitive daily activity plan, particularly for older patients undergoing major surgery. Patients and nurses helped in data collection at a tertiary care hospital.

Pembelajaran Terintegrasi Berbasis Kecerdasan Majemuk Pada Anak Usia Dini

Integrated learning based on multiple intelligences in early childhood is a learning activity that is oriented towards maximizing the growth and development process of early childhood through integrated and holistic activities. This study aims to describe Integrated Learning Activities Based on Multiple Intelligences in Early Childhood Education in Banyumas. This study uses a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. Data was collected through observation, interviews and documents. The subjects of this study were school principals, teachers and students as well as parents' representatives. This research resulted in the following description: Integrated learning activities are carried out systematically through teacher activities based on planning aspects in the form of daily learning activity plans with reference to aspects of competence and child intelligence. Children's learning towards maximizing their potential is carried out by involving the role of parents in children's learning activities at home, by making daily activities and learning resources utilizing what is at home as learning material.&#x0D; Keywords: Integrated Learning, Multiple Intelligences, parents&#x0D;

Meningkatkan Kompetensi Guru dalam Menyusun Rencana Program Pembelajaran Harian Melalui Bimbingan Berkelanjutan Di Taman Kanak-Kanak Negeri Sari Mulya Kecamatan Rimbo Ilir Kabupaten Tebo Tahun 2021

This study aims to determine the improvement of teacher competence in preparing daily learning program plans through continuous guidance at the Sari Mulya Kindergarten, Rimbo Ilir District, Tebo Regency in 2021. teachers have complete and correct Components of Competency Standards reaching 81%, all teachers have listed the Basic Competence Components completely and correctly reaching 100%, all teachers have included the Components of Competency Achievement Indicators completely and correctly reaching 87%, all teachers have included the Objective Components Complete and correct learning reaches 87%, all teachers have included the Teaching Material Components completely and correctly reaching 100%, all teachers have included the Time Allocation Component completely and correctly reaching 100%, all teachers have included the Teaching Method Component Complete and correct lessons have reached 93%, all teachers have included the Components of Learning Activities Steps completely and correctly reaching 93%, all teachers have included Learning Resources Components completely and correctly reaching 100%, all teachers have included Learning Outcomes Assessment Components completely and correctly reached 75%. Thus the continuous guidance carried out by the Principal has an effective impact on increasing teacher competence in preparing Daily Activity Plans and is expected to have an impact on the learning process.

EVALUATION OF THE IMPACTS OF AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES ON THE MOBILITY OF USER GROUPS BY USING AGENT-BASED SIMULATION

An agent-based transport simulation model is used to examine the impacts of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) on the mobility of certain groups of people. In the state of the art, it has been found that the researchers primarily have simulation studies focusing on the impacts of AVs on people regardless of certain groups. However, this study focuses on assessing the impacts of AVs on different groups of users, where each group is affected variously by the introduction of different penetration levels of AVs into the market. The Multi-Agent Transport Simulation (MATSim) software, which applies the co-evolutionary algorithm and provides a framework to carry out large-scale agent-based transport simulations, is used as a tool for conducting the simulations. In addition to the simulation of all travellers, 3 groups of users are selected as potential users of AVs, as follow: (1) long commuters with high-income, (2) elderly people who are retired, and (3) part-time workers. Budapest (Hungary) is examined in a case study, where the daily activity plans of the households are provided. Initially, the existing daily activity plans (i.e., the existing condition) of each group are simulated and assessed before the introduction of AVs into the market. After that, the AVs are inserted into the road network, where different fleet sizes of AVs are applied based on the demand of each group. The marginal utility of the travel time spent in case of a transport mode, the AV fleet size, and the cost of the travel are the key variables that determine the use of a transport mode. The key variables are set based on the characteristics of the case study (i.e., demand) and the AVs. The results of the simulations suggest that the AVs have different degrees of influences on certain groups as demonstrated in the occurred changes on the modal share. The value of changes depends on the Value of Travel Time (VOT) of people and the used fleet size of AVs. Moreover, the influence of the traveller’s characteristics on the AVs is manifested, such as different values of fleet utilization. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that an increase in the fleet size of AVs beyond 10% of the demand does not significantly raise the modal share of AVs. The outcome of this paper might be used by decision-makers to define the shape of the AVs’ use and those groups who are interested in using AVs.

The Influence of Spent Time at Park-and-Ride Facility on the Travel Behavior of Workers and Shoppers

In this paper, the Park-and-Ride (P&R) facilities are considered as short time activities in the daily activity plans of travelers. The purpose of integrating the P&R system into the daily activity plans is its benefits of reducing the undesirable effects of using private vehicles, such as pollution and traffic congestion, in the city center. Previous works did not extensively study the influence of the P&R operational strategy on the travel behavior of workers and shoppers; while this study not only covers this underexamined area of research but focuses on the impact of extending the duration of the P&R facility on traveler mobility. The study is conducted by integrating 13 P&R facilities in Budapest, Hungary into the daily activity plans belonging to the traveler groups of workers and shoppers. The study points out the changes in the travel pattern when P&R is enforced to be used by travelers to hinder travelers from entering the city center or park their cars on street. Besides, a comparison is made with a previously published work to study the impact of changing the P&R activity time and the existing condition where no P&R is provided. The multi-agent transport simulation (MATSim) software is used to conduct the simulation. The results support that using the P&R system increases the total travel time, decreases the number of Vehicle-Miles-Traveled (VMT), and changes the travel pattern. Moreover, the results reveal 5.75 minutes increments in the average trip time, when the P&R duration is increased from 4.5 minutes to 10 minutes. The result led to the conclusion that the operational strategy of the P&R facilities impacts the mobility of travelers, and the P&R system changes the travel pattern, such as the duration of peak periods and the number of vehicles en route.

Modeling of Travel Behavior in Budapest: Leisure Travelers

People usually travel with different preferences to reach the location of their leisure activities, where transport mode is a decisive factor. Previous studies focus on developing discrete choice models for people where a trip purpose is considered as an explanatory variable. In this paper, discrete choice modeling is applied to model the behavior of leisure travelers, to understand the impact of several factors on the transport mode choice, such as sociodemographic variables. A sample of 1100 travelers from a household survey in Budapest is used in the analysis. The sample includes the daily activity plans of leisure travelers and their sociodemographic as well as economic characteristics. A Multinomial Logit (MNL) model is applied, where the data are examined across travel time variables and travel characteristics, such as travel time, travel cost, age, gender, income, and car ownership. The developed models are used to predict the probability of using the different transport modes based on the characteristics of the travelers and their trips. The model indicates that time and the cost impact travel negatively. While other variables show varied impacts on the transport mode selection. The output of this study is important for decision-makers to understand the patterns of leisure tips in a city.

Travel Behavior of Car Travelers with the Presence of Park-and-Ride Facilities and Autonomous Vehicles

Travelers' behavior is predicted based on their individual preferences. People search for alternatives to maximize their benefit from doing activities, such as increasing the activity time by minimizing the travel time. Traffic congestion and the scarcity of parking spaces in the city center motivate the decision-makers to encourage travelers to use the park-and-ride (P&amp;R) system. An evaluation concerning the impact of using the P&amp;R system on the travel behavior of car users is conducted. Some of the existing P&amp;R facilities are incorporated into the daily activity plans of car travelers to produce new daily activity plans (i.e., P&amp;R facility is considered an activity). By using the Multi-Agent Transport Simulation (MATSim) open-source tool, simulations of the daily activity plans including the P&amp;R system and autonomous vehicles (AVs) are conducted. The study examines three scenarios: (1) a simulation of the existing condition, (2) a simulation of the daily activity plans of the travelers with the P&amp;R system, and (3) a simulation of the daily activity plans of the travelers with the P&amp;R system and AVs. The results show that using the P&amp;R system increases the overall travel time compared with the existing conditions, and the use of AVs as a transport mode impacts the existing modal share as follows: 64 % of the car users switch to AVs, while 15 % of the car users switch to public transport. The output of this study might be used by policy-makers in parking pricing and the location of the P&amp;R facilities.

Realistic agent-based simulation of infection dynamics and percolation

We present an agent-based epidemiological model that is based on an agent-based model for traffic and mobility. The model consists of individual agents that follow individual daily activity plans, which include, for each activity, locations, start times, and end times. Evidently, one can place a virus spreading dynamic on top of this, by infecting one or more agents, and then track the resulting virus dynamics through the model.Normally, the model is used to investigate non-pharmaceutical interventions. In the present paper, we undertake steps to better understand the infection graph. It becomes clear that the typical infection graph representation that connects individual people is an even more expensive representation than our original, already expensive data-driven mobility model. We then undertake first steps towards analyzing the model with respect to a possible percolation transition.

The Influence of Introducing Autonomous Vehicles on Conventional Transport Modes and Travel Time

Introducing autonomous vehicles (AVs) on the market is likely to bring changes in the mobility of travelers. In this work, extensive research is conducted to study the impact of different levels of automation on the mobility of people, and full driving automation needs further study because it is still under development. The impacts of AVs on travel behavior can be studied by integrating AVs into activity-based models. The contribution of this study is the estimation of AVs’ impacts on travelers’ mobility when different travel demands are provided, and also the estimation of AVs’ impact on the modal share considering the different willingness of pay to travel by AVs. This study analyses the potential impacts of AVs on travel behavior by investigating a sample of 8500 travelers who recorded their daily activity plans in Budapest, Hungary. Three scenarios are derived to study travel behavior and to find the impacts of the AVs on the conventional transport modes. The scenarios include (1) a simulation of the existing condition, (2) a simulation of AVs as a full replacement for conventional transport modes, and (3) a simulation of the AVs with conventional transport modes concerning different marginal utilities of travel time in AVs. The simulations are done by using the Multi-Agent Transport Simulation (MATSim) open-source software, which applies a co-evolutionary optimization algorithm. Using the scenarios in the study, we develop a base model, determine the required fleet size of AVs needed to fulfill the demand of the different groups of travelers, and predict the new modal shares of the transport modes when AVs appear on the market. The results demonstrate that the travelers are exposed to a reduction in travel time once conventional transport modes are replaced by AVs. The impact of the value of travel time (VOT) on the usage of AVs and the modal share is demonstrated. The decrease in the VOT of AVs increases the usage of AVs, and it particularly decreases the usage of cars even more than other transport modes. AVs strongly affect the public transport when the VOT of AVs gets close to the VOT of public transport. Finally, the result shows that 1 AV can replace 7.85 conventional vehicles with acceptable waiting time.

PELATIHAN MENYUSUN RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN HARIAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA GURU NONFORMAL DI ‎KORWIL BIDANG PENDIDIKAN KECAMATAN KOKOP KABUPATEN BANGKALAN

The Daily Learning Implementation Plan describes the procedures and organization of learning activities that will be carried out to achieve a basic competency that has been defined in the content standards and described in the Daily Activity Plan. This research is a School Action Research which aims to improve teacher performance in preparing the Daily Learning Implementation Plan. The results of this study indicate that in the pre-cycle implementation, the participants were only able to get an average score of 64 to 72 for each individual, this means that in the Kokop sub-district, the participants have not been able to prepare the Daily Learning Implementation Plan properly. While in the first cycle it was found that the teacher's performance began to increase, this can be seen from the results of the implementation of the first cycle, the participants were able to get an average score of 70 to 80 for each individual, meaning that they had not been able to make the Daily Learning Implementation Plan well and did not meet the criteria set out in the first cycle. expected, therefore the training was continued in the next cycle. Based on the results of the implementation of the second cycle, the participants were able to get an average score of 80 to 90 for each individual. From the results of the second cycle, the objectives of the training were achieved, therefore the cycle was stopped.

A personalized activity-based spatiotemporal risk mapping approach to the COVID-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT The outbreak of the unprecedented Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic calls for innovative risk assessment and mapping approaches to prompt public messaging. Most of the existing approaches aim to present population risks associated with geographic areas (e.g., county), thus providing limited values to guide individuals to take proactive measures against COVID-19. To better facilitate the general public to make informed decisions on daily activity plans, we propose an activity-based spatiotemporal risk mapping approach to capture and represent exposure risk at a personal level. This approach leverages the classical space-time representations to capture personal activity space and measures exposure risk in such activity space. This approach further implements geovisualization designs to communicate measured exposure information. To illustrate the usability of the approach, we have conducted a case study in Denver, Colorado with COVID-19 data from October 2020 and four representative travel profiles.

PERSONAL ETHICS AND TIME MANAGEMENT ON STUDENTS' LEARNING HABITS IAIN LANGSA

This paper aims to analyze personal ethics and time management on the study habits of students of the Islamic Religious Education Study Program (PAI), the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training (FTIK) of the Langsa State Islamic Institute (IAIN). This study uses a qualitative approach with phenomenological methods. The data collection was done by using interviews, observation, and documentation studies. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using data reduction techniques, narrative data presentation, conclusion drawing and data verification. The results of this study indicate that (1) students understand and practice learning ethics well in accordance with the ethical guidelines of students at IAIN Langsa, (2) students' time management in learning is divided into two, namely students who actively make daily activity schedule, plans and targets they want to achieve. achieved, while there are students who are in the inactive category in managing study time, and (3) the study habits of PAI FTIK IAIN Langsa students are classified into 2, namely 73% are active and enjoy learning alone and 27% are active and enjoy participating in group learning.

Potential Travel Time Reduction with Autonomous Vehicles for Different Types of Travellers

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) have been designed to make changes in the travel behaviour of travellers. These changes can be interpreted using transport models and simulation tools. In this study, the daily activity plans were used to study the possibility of increasing the utility of travellers through minimizing the travel time by using AVs. Three groups of travellers were selected based on the benefits that they can obtain when AVs are on the market. The groups are (a) long-trip travellers (b) public transport riders, and (c) travellers with specified characteristics. Each group is divided into one or more scenarios based on the definition of each group and the collected data. A total of seven scenarios were derived from the collected data and simulated twice to include the existing transport modes and the presence of AVs. The simulations were conducted using Multi-Agents Transport Simulation (MATSim) that applies the concept of a co-evolutionary algorithm. MATSim simulates the current plans and the ones where AVs replace all or part of the existing conventional transport modes in the daily activity plans. The results have shown a reduction in the trip time: 13% to 42% for group (a), 33% for group (b), and 16% to 28% for group (c) compared with the original trip times. In conclusion, it can be claimed that AVs could reduce the travel time in all cases, which provides benefits for people to increase their utilities.

Nurses\u2019 attitude towards oral care and their practicing level for hospitalized patients in Orotta National Referral Hospital, Asmara-Eritrea: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundEffective and routine mouth care is necessary for hospitalized patients as it helps to maintain the health of oral cavity and overall health. However, oral care is often overlooked and not prioritized in daily activity plan of nurses even when oral problems are apparent. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess nurses’ attitude towards oral care and their practicing level for hospitalized patients.MethodsA cross-sectional study design was conducted in adult medical-surgical department of Orotta hospital from December 2017 to January 2018. Data was collected from all (N = 73) diploma and associate nurses through face to face interview using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U tests and spearman rank correlation coefficient tools were performed to analyze the data using SPSS (Version 22).ResultsOut of the 79 participants, 73 completed the interview successfully with a response rate of 92.4%. Of the total, 56.2% were diploma nurses and 43.9% were associate nurses. The median attitude score was 68.89/100 (IQR = 48.89). The majority (94.5%) of the nurses agreed that oral cavity assessment is nurse’s responsibility and 94.5% reported adequate training is needed to provide quality oral care. On the other hand, the median practice score was 50.00/100 (IQR = 17.86). Majority of the participants (76.7%) did not perform routine oral health assessment. Almost all (98.4%) used gauze and normal saline for oral care. Practice score was significantly different across the various wards (p < 0.001), however, it was not significantly correlated with attitude (p = 0.646).ConclusionsThe participants had poor level of oral care practice to hospitalized patients, nevertheless, they had favourable attitude. Therefore, Orotta National Referral Hospital needs to give further effort to train the nursing staff, ensure the availability of adequate oral care equipment and provide clear guidelines regarding oral care of hospitalized patients.

Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru dalam Menyusun Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Kurikulum 2013 Melalui Pendampingan di Gugus Sirih Gading UPT Dinas Pendidikan Pemuda dan Olahraga Kecamatan Kandangan

The results of kindergarten teacher supervision were found in teaching teachers not yet making plans for daily activities, so learning activities did not run effectively. For this reason, action guidance is needed for the teacher to increase his competence in preparing the daily activity plan. The purpose of this study was to determine the improvement of kindergarten teacher competencies in preparing daily activities plans through ongoing guidance through mentoring in the Sirih Gading Cluster UPT Department of Youth and Sports Education Kandangan District Academic Year 2017/2018. The subjects of this study were all kindergarten teachers in the Sirih Gading UPT Cluster of the Department of Education, Youth and Sports, Kandangan District, totaling 18 teachers. With this school action research, it is expected that 75% of kindergarten teachers are able to plan their daily activities properly. The action is carried out with two cycles each cycle there are three meetings consisting of four stages, namely: planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The results of the action from cycle I to cycle II increased aspects of the competence of kindergarten teachers in preparing daily activities properly and correctly in the Sirih Gading Cluster UPT Department of Youth and Sports Education in Kandangan District 2018 in cycle I there were 6 teachers or 33% increased to 15 teachers or 85%. While its activity increased from 65% in the first cycle to 90% in the second cycle. Thus it can be concluded that through mentoring can improve the competence of kindergarten teachers in preparing daily activities plans in the Sirih Gading Cluster UPT Department of Youth and Sports Education in Kandangan District. Based on the research findings, suggestions can be made so that: (1) Teachers before carrying out learning to plan their daily activities properly and correctly, so that teaching and learning activities take place smoothly, effectively and efficiently and learning objectives are achieved. (2) Kindergarten Supervisors are advised to carry out ongoing guidance in preparing daily activity plans, so that Kindergarten teachers are able to prepare plans for day activities properly and correctly and Kindergarten Supervisors are advised to conduct further research on the skills of Kindergarten teachers in carrying out learning to find other aspects that are not yet revealed.

Simulation of the Daily Activity Plans of Travelers Using the Park-and-Ride System and Autonomous Vehicles: Work and Shopping Trip Purposes

The preferences of travelers determines the utility of daily activity plans. Decision-makers can affect the preference of travelers when they force private car users to use park-and-ride (P&amp;R) facilities as a way of decreasing traffic in city centers. The P&amp;R system has been shown to be effective in reducing uninterrupted increases in traffic congestion, especially in city centers. Therefore, the impacts of P&amp;R on travel behavior and the daily activity plans of both worker and shopper travelers were studied in this paper. Moreover, autonomous vehicles (AVs) are a promising technology for the coming decade. A simulation of the AV as part of a multimodal system, when the P&amp;R system was integrated in the daily activity plans, was carried out to determine the required AV fleet size needed to fulfill a certain demand and to study the impacts of AVs on the behavior of travelers (trip time and distance). Specifically, a group of travelers, who use private cars as their transport mode, was studied, and certain modifications to their daily activity plans, including P&amp;R facilities and changing their transport mode, were introduced. Using the MATSim open-source tool, four scenarios were simulated based on the mentioned modifications. The four scenarios included (1) a simulation of the existing transport modes of the travelers, (2) a simulation of their daily activity plans when their transport modes were changed to AVs, (3) a simulation of the travelers, when P&amp;R facilities were included in their activity chain plans, and (4) a simulation of their daily activity plans, when both P&amp;R and AVs were included in their activity chain plans. The result showed that using the P&amp;R system increased overall travel time, compared with using a private car. The results also demonstrated that using AVs as a replacement for conventional cars reduced travel time. In conclusion, the impact of P&amp;R and AVs on the travel behavior of certain travelers was evaluated in this paper.