Location Of Cyst Research Articles

Recurrence of Glandular Odontogenic Cysts: A Systematic Review.

The glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is a benign developmental cyst of the jaws that is characterized by a high recurrence rate. A systematic review is presented of reported cases, case series, and retrospective studies of recurrent cases of glandular odontogenic cysts, to determine the overall and detailed demographic features with documentation of the specific histologic features of the initial presentation of each cyst. Searches of detailed databases were carried out to identify articles published in the English language from 1988 to 2023. The variables were demographics, patient symptoms, cyst location, radiographic features, histopathological findings, type of treatment, and minimum eight months of follow-up. Eighteen cases were identified: with an equal gender presentation of 50% females and 50% males. The average age was 44.7. The mean size was 3.5 cm. The most common location was in the anterior mandible in 50% (n = 9) of cases, followed by the posterior mandible 27.8% (n = 5). Most patients were asymptomatic 55.6% (n = 10). The most common histologic features at first diagnosis were mucous cells in 88.9% (n = 16), variable thickness with 83.3% (n = 15), eosinophilic cuboidal cells 88.9% (n = 16), microcysts 83.3% (n = 15), and clear cells 77.8% (n = 14) cases. GOC has an aggressive behavior. Evidence was not conclusive to link any single or combination of histologic features to recurrence, and the strongest correlation for recurrence was the type of treatment. Since this is an uncommon cyst, more cases are needed. Follow-up should continue for at least five years, because recurrences were higher between years 3 and 5.

Renal Pathology of Ciliopathies.

Renal ciliopathies are a group of genetic disorders that affect the function of the primary cilium in the kidney, as well as other organs. Since primary cilia are important for regulation of cell signaling pathways, ciliary dysfunction results in a range of clinical manifestations, including renal failure, cyst formation, and hypertension. We summarize the current understanding of the pathophysiological and pathological features of renal ciliopathies in childhood, including autosomal dominant and recessive polycystic kidney disease, nephronophthisis, and Bardet-Biedl syndrome, as well as skeletal dysplasia associated renal ciliopathies. The genetic basis of these disorders is now well-established in many cases, with mutations in a large number of cilia-related genes such as PKD1, PKD2, BBS, MKS, and NPHP being responsible for the majority of cases. Renal ciliopathies are broadly characterized by development of interstitial fibrosis and formation of multiple renal cysts which gradually enlarge and replace normal renal tissue, with each condition demonstrating subtle differences in the degree, location, and age-related development of cysts and fibrosis. Presentation varies from prenatal diagnosis of congenital multisystem syndromes to an asymptomatic childhood with development of complications in later adulthood and therefore clinicopathological correlation is important, including increasing use of targeted genetic testing or whole genome sequencing, allowing greater understanding of genetic pathophysiological mechanisms.

A nonparasitic cyst of the spleen in children — is surgery a must? Two clinical cases

BACKGROUND: Non-parasitic splenic cysts is a rare pathology in children, accounting for 0.5–2% of all splenic diseases. Typically, most cysts, as a rule, are asymptomatic However, as the cyst is enlarging, clinical symptoms — such as pain, discomfort in the left abdomen, and nausea — may appear. These symptoms are indicators for surgical intervention. Splenic cysts larger than 5 cm have a higher risk of complications such as rupture, bleeding, and infection; therefore, surgical treatment is recommended in these cases. Some authors consider the surgical intervention to be appropriate for cysts sized greater than 4 cm. However, small size of splenic neoplasms can complicate their visualization and surgery, thus increasing the risk of intraoperative complications and recurrences. Currently, in cases of borderline sizes of asymptomatic non-parasitic splenic cysts, it is recommended to assess the dynamics of size changes, so as to find the optimal curative tactics for the patient. CLINICAL CASE DESCRIPTION: Two clinical examples of non-parasitic splenic cysts in children are discussed in the article. In the first case, a splenic formation with diameter 40 mm was found in a 5-y.o. girl; the diagnosis was confirmed at ultrasound and computed tomography examinations. At the recommended dynamic follow -up , it was found out that the cyst decreased to 5 mm in diameter. In the second case, a 14-y.o. boy was hospitalized for an elective surgery, because a splenic formation was diagnosed at the regular dispensary check-up. Ultrasound and computed tomography examinations of the abdominal cavity revealed a cyst of 45 mm on the visceral surface of the upper segment of the spleen. Laparoscopy failed to visualize the splenic cyst. The follow-up monitoring with a repeated ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity in 3-6 months was recommended. Imaging diagnostic techniques have confirmed that cyst location and size remained unchanged. CONCLUSION: The two described clinical cases demonstrate the importance of dynamic follow-up monitoring in case of borderline-sized non-parasitic splenic cysts in children, as it helps to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions.

Variable arachnoid cyst presentations in variable age groups; a comparative single center study

Introduction. Arachnoid cysts are an intracranial spaces that are filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and lined with arachnoid membranes. They may be asymptomatic or present with focal epilepsy, headache and other neurological symptoms. Purpose. This study shows the different presentation of brain arachnoid cysts in relation to their locations in variable age groups. Methods. This is a retrospective analytic cohort comparative study that enrolled 168 patients was done in the Middle Euphrates Neuroscience Center and Al-Sadder Medical City, from the first of February 2020 to the first of February 2023. The collected data of patients include patient’s age, gender, presentation, location of the cyst in the brain and its dimension. Each patient was assessed a full general and neurological examination. The data were analyzed according to presentation and location of cyst in the brain via MRI. Results. The mean age of group one is 10 years (4-18 years) and for group two is 35 years (19-70 years). Regarding the gender, the male gender was more in group one, while the female gender was more in group two than in group one. Regarding the presentation, the most common presentation is focal epilepsy in about 47.61% in both groups and more in group one (about 68.11%). Regarding the MRI location of arachnoid cyst, the most common site was the temporal lobe. The overall percentage of arachnoid cyst is 57.14% in temporal lobe and 13.09% in occipital lobe in total patients Conclusion. The arachnoid cysts of brain are variable in both their presentations and their locations in different ages. The most common presentation is focal epilepsy in patient 18 years old and less, while the headache in patient older than 18 years. The most common site of cyst is temporal lobe.

Ethanol Sclerotherapy in the Management of Ovarian Endometrioma: Technical Considerations for Catheter- and Needle-Directed Sclerotherapy

PurposeTo provide technical guidance on applying catheter-directed and needle-directed ethanol sclerotherapy for endometriomas and present the results of these sclerotherapy methods.Materials and MethodsFrom January 2015 to March 2021, the results of the patients with symptomatic ovarian endometriomas who underwent needle-directed or catheter-directed sclerotherapy were evaluated, retrospectively. The decision to apply which sclerotherapy technique was made during the procedure for each patient considering the following factors: cyst size, cyst location, cyst viscosity, and tissue rigidity.ResultsBoth needle-directed (n = 34 cysts) and catheter-directed (n = 34 cysts) sclerotherapy techniques were effective, with a 100% technical success rate and a 97% clinical success rate. In two of 34 cysts (6%) treated with needle-directed sclerotherapy, recurrence was detected and successfully retreated with catheter-directed sclerotherapy. Significant reductions in cyst size, pain, and serum cancer antigen 125 levels (p < 0.05) were noted. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels remained unaffected, indicating preserved ovarian reserve (p > 0.05). Among those treated for infertility, the pregnancy rate was 54% (n = 6/11). The mean ± SD cyst size decline was greater in catheter-directed sclerotherapy than needle-directed sclerotherapy (5.5 ± 3.1 cm vs. 4.0 ± 2.1 cm, p < 0.05). However, the pretreatment cyst volumes were considerably higher in catheter-directed sclerotherapy group (202.0 ± 233.5 mL vs. 78.8 ± 59.7 mL, p < 0.05) and were associated with significant post-treatment volume decrease (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe choice between catheter-directed and needle-directed ethanol sclerotherapy should be determined during the procedure, with a preference for catheter-directed sclerotherapy when feasible. Crucial factors in making this decision include cyst size, cyst location, cyst viscosity, and tissue rigidity.Level of evidence Level 3, non-controlled retrospective cohort study.Graphical

Growing Pains: A Rare Case of a Temporal Dermoid Cyst in an Adult and Review of the Literature

Dermoid cysts are common cutaneous developmental anomalies that occur due to the entrapment of ectodermal elements during embryonic closure. While the exact origin of dermoid cysts is unknown, they are theorized to originate from multipotent embryonic stem cells or translocated epithelial cells. Dermoid cysts are typically congenital but are sometimes diagnosed later in childhood and rarely in adulthood. They are reported as the most common pediatric skull tumors. Surgical excision is recommended to prevent enlargement, invasion, rupture, or infection. Temporal dermoid cysts, specifically, are extremely rare, with only a few cases having been reported in adulthood. We present a case of a 51-year old female with an enlarging left temporal mass found to be a dermoid cyst. The mass was excised, resulting in complete resolution of symptoms. This case highlights the importance of early excision, radiologic studies, and a tailored management approach based on cyst location. Our proposed treatment algorithm provides guidance for clinicians in identification and management of adult dermoid cysts.

Cystic Echinococcosis of the Liver: Correlation Between Intra-Operative Ultrasound and Pre-Operative Imaging.

Background: Imaging plays an essential role in the management of hepatic hydatid cysts (HCE). The objective of our study was to determine the correlation between pre-operative ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and intra-operative ultrasound (IOUS) in studying the characteristics and complications of HCE. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective, descriptive, and analytical study conducted in the General Surgery Department of Habib Bourguiba Hospital in Sfax. The study included patients with HCE who underwent conservative surgery between April 2017 and June 2022. Results: We enrolled 49 patients with 94 cysts. At the end of our study, IOUS allowed for better detection of HCE (98.8%) regardless of the number of cysts per patient. IOUS and CT were accurate in studying the location of cysts (κ = 1), whereas pre-operative abdominal ultrasound was less efficient (κ = 0.870). IOUS was the best examination for detecting exocysts (κ = 0.961), studying daughter cysts (κ = 0.823), and exploring vascular relations, but it was less effective (κ = 0.523) in detecting calcifications. Regarding classifications, ultrasound and CT had similar results. However, IOUS was most reliable in differentiating between CE3b and CE4 types (κ = 0.653). Ultrasound, CT, and IOUS were not sensitive in detecting latent HCE suppurations and cystobiliary fistulas. Conclusions: Performing IOUS is essential to prevent recurrences and reduce post-operative morbidity.

Surgical excision of the right ventricular hydatid cyst: a case report

Hydatid cyst is described as an endemic situation predominantly observed in different undeveloped regions of the world which is caused by Echinococcus granulosus tapeworm. This disease usually affects the lungs or liver. Cardiac location is reported in less than 2 % to 0.5% of patients in all cases and as in our case the intraventricular location is seen seldomly. A 38-year-old female patient with diagnosed systemic hydatid cyst disease was consulted with chest pain, palpitation, and shortness of breath. Transthoracic echocardiography and cardiac computerized tomography imaging showed the location of the cardiac hydatid cyst was the right ventricle. She underwent elective surgery swiftly and was discharged uneventfully.

A Retrospective Study of Glottic Cyst Histopathology and Its Clinical Presentation.

To understand the frequency and clinical presentation of the four types of vocal-fold cyst described by the Koren classification. Glottic cysts operated in a 1-year period were grouped retrospectively into Koren A, B, C and D (KA, KB, KC, KD). The age and sex of the patient, cyst location, laterality, associated lesions, profession, daily water consumption, duration of symptoms prior to surgery and postoperative healing time were noted. Of 30 cysts, 14 KA, 10 KB, 4 KC and 2 KD were identified. Average age of symptoms in KA to KD was 45, 52, 40 and 37 years. KC and KD were found only in females unlike the male predominance of KA and KB. Striking zone was the location of 28/30 cysts with a focal pit in 1 KC and mucosal bridge in 1 KD. There was no significance to laterality or profession. Average daily water consumption was 1.8, 1.75, 2 and 2L in KA to KD. Average duration of symptoms up-till surgery for KA to KD was 2.6 years, 1.4 years, 2.9 years and 1 month. Post-operative healing time for KA to KD was 6.6, 7.4, 11.7 and 10 weeks. KA was the commonest cyst excised followed by KB, KC and KD. The KD patients were earliest and youngest to present. All KC and KD cysts were found in females unlike the male predominance of KA and KB. As majority of the cysts were found on the striking zone, phonotrauma may be one of the etiologies for all four cysts.

Using of Nanoparticles in treating of Hydatid Disease in Domestic Animals

The parasite Echinococcus granulosus is the cause of unilocular hydatid disease, which is a serious health risk to people and domestic animals worldwide. Livestock with hydatid disease suffers substantial financial losses due to the slaughterhouse's disapproval of the diseased animal parts, productivity losses (such as lowered live weight gain, milk yield, reproductive rates, and hide and skin value), and expenses related to caring for both humans and animals. Because of the parasite's complex life cycle and the difficulties associated with traditional treatment techniques, new strategies are needed to handle this crippling illness more successfully. In the treatment of hydatid illness, nanomedicine and nanoparticles have shown great promise, providing new approaches to medication distribution, focused therapy, diagnosis, and control measures. The possible roles and applications of nanomedicine and nanoparticles in treating hydatid illness in domestic animals are reviewed in this article. Owing to their distinct physicochemical characteristics at the nanoscale, nanoparticles enable tailored medication administration, enhancing anthelmintic agent potency while reducing systemic side effects. Therapeutic drugs like praziquantel or albendazole can be encapsulated in these nanoparticles, allowing for improved permeability and retention at the location of the parasite cysts. Additionally, imaging agents and diagnostic instruments at the nanoscale enable. Additionally, nanotechnology offers avenues for developing innovative control measures, including environmental disinfection and targeted delivery of parasiticides. Collaborative efforts between researchers, veterinarians, and experts in nanotechnology are crucial to harnessing the full potential of nanoparticles and nanomedicine in effectively managing the infection in domestic animals.

Comparison of cystectomy and lobectomy of lung hydatid cyst in pediatrics: a retrospective study.

Hydatid cyst is an endemic disease in Iran. The treatment of choice for paediatric lung hydatid cysts is surgical removal of the cyst. However, due to its high prevalence the risk of recurrence after the surgery, cystectomy with capitonnage, which preserves the lung tissue, is a favourable surgical approach compared to lobectomy. Herein, the authors compared the outcome of cystectomy and lobectomy of lung hydatid cysts. This is a retrospective study conducted in the paediatric surgery department. Paediatric patients who had undergone surgery due to pulmonary hydatid cysts were enroled. The patients were divided into two groups including cystectomy and non-anatomic lobectomy. Then, the length of surgery, length of hospitalization, postoperative complications, and the time required to remove the chest tube were calculated in each group. A total of 32 patients were enroled in this retrospective study. Age, sex, location, and size of cysts were not significantly different between the two groups. The duration of surgery in the lobectomy and cystectomy groups was 116.3±33.7 versus 116.1±28.2 min, respectively (P=0.53). Surgery complications including the need for blood transfusion, pneumothorax, need for bronchoscopy and atelectasis were not different between the study groups. The mean time for first chest tube removal was significantly different between the groups with the lobectomy group having a shorter time (P=0.02). The length of hospital and ICU stay were not different between the two surgical procedures. The time to remove the first chest tube was significantly higher in cystectomy compared to lobectomy (P=0.02). The complications and outcome of the cystectomy are comparable to the lobectomy technique. However, the cystectomy method has the advantage of preserving the lung tissue, therefore it's a favourable technique in endemic areas for hydatid cysts where reoperation may be indicated.

A probable case of an "Hourglass" epidermoid cyst located in the posterior fossa in an individual from Ibi, Alicante, Spain (12th-13th centuries AD).

Epidermoid bone cysts are rare, unilocular, and slow growing. They develop by the accumulation of ectodermal remnants, and they may be congenital or acquired. The most common locations for these bone cysts are the distal phalanges, followed by the skull. This paper documents an adult male from the Islamic (twelfth and thirteen centuries CE) burial site of Ibi in the Province of Alicante, southeast Spain. This individual had a cranial lesion in the form of a roughly elliptical hole in the posterior fossa (left occipital region). The lesion was examined macroscopically and using X-ray photography. Based on the shape of the lesion, the most likely diagnosis would appear to be a benign tumour, a so-called "hourglass" epidermoid cyst. No direct link between this tumour and the cause of death can be established.

Atypical Presentation of Bilateral Acromioclavicular Joint Cysts Extending Medially into the Trapezius Muscles: A Case Report and Literature Review

Introduction: Acromioclavicular joint cysts represent a relatively rare clinical entity, often manifested as an enlarging mass adjacent to the acromioclavicular joint, which can raise concerns for a potential tumor. These cysts are identified for their association with shoulder pathology, particularly extensive rotator cuff tears, and present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for misdiagnosis as neoplastic masses. In this case, we are reporting on an unusual presentation of a patient presenting with a swollen mass in the left trapezius causing neck pain. The aim of this case presentation is to bring awareness to atypical locations of these acromioclavicular joint cysts that can be easily interpreted as a tumoral process in the neck due to the location of the mass. Acromioclavicular cysts remain infrequently reported in the literature. Case Report: We present the case of an 80-year-old male patient. On clinical examination, a soft and palpable mass over the trapezius was noted, with no signs of infection or inflammation. Plain radiographs showed advanced primary osteoarthritis of the glenohumeral joint with a preserved subacromial space. Magnetic resonance imaging of both shoulders showed that cystic masses were developed on both sides from the acromioclavicular joint and extended medially to the trapezius muscles. It was particularly large on the left side, with a diameter reaching up to 12 cm. The surgical intervention was carried out involving resection of the distal end of the clavicle through an open approach and resection of the neck of the cyst. Through a second incision at the dorsal level on the medial aspect of the trapezius, the cyst sac was identified and its subsequent resection was performed. Conclusion: The presented case of a rare location of bilateral ACJ cysts, treated successfully with cyst resection and ACJ decompression, illustrates a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to the atypical nature of the cysts’ presentation. This case aims to bring awareness about this pathology when confronted with a painless lump in the upper shoulder region, although far away from the joint in patients with complex shoulder or neck symptomatology. Keywords: Acromioclavicular cyst, neck mass, shoulder pain, acromioclavicular joint, rotator cuff tear, shoulder tumor.

A rare entity of primary hydatid cyst located between the two laiers of the intracranial dura in a child: a case report

Background: Hydatid disease is a parasitic infection caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. Intracranial hydatid cysts are rare and account for less than 3% of all cases of hydatid disease. Typically, these cysts are found in the intracerebral spaces. However, this study presents an extremely rare intradural hydatid cyst. Case Presentation: This study presents the case of an 8-year-old boy presented with a 3-month history of headache and vomiting without any neurological deficit. Full radiological investigations were performed, and only brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a large cerebral hydatid cyst located within the dura layers between the periosteal and the endosteal layers. Surgery was performed without cyst rupture, confirming the intracerebral intradural location. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and treatment for intracranial hydatid cysts are crucial to prevent complications such as neurological deficits, seizures, and even death. In this case, the intracerebral intradural location of the cyst is extremely rare.

A rare entity of primary hydatid cyst located between the two laiers of the intracranial dura in a child: a case report

Background: Hydatid disease is a parasitic infection caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. Intracranial hydatid cysts are rare and account for less than 3% of all cases of hydatid disease. Typically, these cysts are found in the intracerebral spaces. However, this study presents an extremely rare intradural hydatid cyst. Case Presentation: This study presents the case of an 8-year-old boy presented with a 3-month history of headache and vomiting without any neurological deficit. Full radiological investigations were performed, and only brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a large cerebral hydatid cyst located within the dura layers between the periosteal and the endosteal layers. Surgery was performed without cyst rupture, confirming the intracerebral intradural location. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and treatment for intracranial hydatid cysts are crucial to prevent complications such as neurological deficits, seizures, and even death. In this case, the intracerebral intradural location of the cyst is extremely rare.

A clinical case of surgical treatment of a large kidney cyst in a 9-year-old girl with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

BACKGROUND: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is currently the most common inherited form of cystic kidney disease, the frequency of which is about 1 per 400–1000 newborns, what makes the problem relevant. Its progressive course in patients with polycystic disease is primarily associated with the ischemic component, the severity of which depends on the number, location and size of cysts. Arterial hypertension, which is an autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease complication, plays a leading role in renal failure progression. Given the current lack of specific treatment, the main therapeutic goal is to prevent complications, postpone the development of renal failure. Therefore, if there are large and giant cysts, surgical treatment is an effective modality and should be performed in a timely manner.&#x0D; CLINICAL CASE DESCRIPTION: The authors present a clinical case of a successful endovideosurgical cyst excision in a -year-old patient with a giant cyst in the right kidney, autosomal dominant polycystic disease, and hypertension of renal genesis.&#x0D; Endovideosurgical cystectomy in the patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease has become an important pathogenetic link in the treatment of this pathology. Currently, the patient is under dynamic follow-up for more than one year. During the follow-up period, the patient demonstrates relief of urinary syndrome in the form of disappeared haematuria, stabilization of albuminuria indices, improvement of blood flow parameters in the renal parenchyma, as well as stabilization of arterial pressure.&#x0D; CONCLUSION: The given clinical example demonstrates that reasonable surgical intervention with the choice of a rational method of access, taking into account the anatomical localization and size of the cystic formation, allowed to obtain a good result in the form of stabilization of renal hemodynamics in a patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Abdominal ultrasound in the characterization of branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms: A new tool for surveillance of low-risk patients?

BackgroundMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is regarded as gold-standard for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) follow-up. Given the low risk of transformation and the increasing population under surveillance, there is growing interest in identifying optimal follow-up strategies. AimTo evaluate reliability of abdominal ultrasound (US) for characterization of low-risk IPMN, compared to MRI. MethodsProspective monocentric study among 79 consecutive patients with a suspected BD-IPMN on US. Each patient underwent confirmatory MRI. We evaluated Cohen's kappa statistic and concordance rate (CR) between MRI and US. ResultsOf 79 suspected IPMNs on US, MRI confirmed 71 BD-IPMNs. There was high agreement for cyst location and number (CR and kappa of 77.5 % and 81.7 % and 0.66±0.08 and 0.62±0.11 respectively). We found high agreement for cyst size (CR=96.5 %, kappa=0.93±0.05) and main pancreatic duct (MPD) dilatation (CR=100 %, kappa=1). There was a good agreement for thickened septa (CR=80.3 %, kappa=0.38±0.12). US seems inferior to MRI for the identification of mural nodules < 5 mm (CR=97.2 %, kappa=0). ConclusionsIn a cohort of low-risk BD-IPMN, US presented high agreement rate with MRI regarding location, number, and size. There was a good agreement for MPD dilatation and thickened septa, while US underperform for detection of mural nodules < 5 mm.

Performance of Echinococcosis Serology is Associated with Disease Endemicity, Hydatid Cyst Location, Eosinophilia, Imaging Finding, and Treatment.

We aimed to assess echinococcosis serology performance for diagnosing cystic echinococcosis (CE) in children living in CE-endemic vs. non-endemic populations, and in different clinical settings. A retrospective cohort study, assessing children with ELISA test for echinococcosis, 2005-2021. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) were calculated comparing CE-endemic vs. non-endemic populations, cases with/without eosinophilia, and cases with/without CE-suggestive imaging findings. Additionally, we examined the association between serology titers/levels (values) and clinical characteristics. Of 273 cases, 66 (24%) were confirmed as CE. Overall, 97% of CE were in Bedouin children, and the pre-test probability was 28% vs. 9% (p < 0.001) in CE-endemic vs. non-endemic population, respectively. Sensitivity was higher in hepatic than extra-hepatic CE (74% vs. 47%). Overall specificity was 86%. PPVs were higher in CE-endemic population compared to non-endemic (66% vs. 22%), while NPVs were higher in non-endemic population (100% vs. 87%). Eosinophilia was associated with lower specificity (73% vs. 94%) and PPV (47% vs. 78%). Typical imaging was associated with higher specificity (94% vs. 82%) and PPV (91% vs. 11%), while NPVs were lower in typical imaging cases (77% vs. 98%). Higher titer levels (above median) were associated with typical imaging (76% vs. 49%), higher PPV (79% vs. 43%), albendazole treatment (100% vs. 56%), surgery (60% vs. 19%), and new imaging finding (75% vs. 0%). Echinococcosis serology performance was impacted by disease endemicity, and by various clinical characteristics. These findings may assist physicians in the interpretation of echinococcosis serology results.

An unusual location of newborn huge dermoid cyst: a case report and literature review

BackgroundDermoid cysts are benign germ cell tumors with ectodermal and mesodermal components. It is a slow-growing lesion that commonly arises in the midline of the head and neck. The last location represented 7%, and the periorbital region was the most frequently arising area. True lateral neck dermoid cysts are rare. We present an unusual location of a dermoid cyst in a newborn.Case presentationWe report an unusual location of a 10-day newborn giant dermoid cyst with multiple implantation sites, namely the shoulder, scapula, cervical, temporal, and occipital scalp. Successful surgical resection was achieved, and the patient was discharged after the removal of the stitches.ConclusionDermoid cysts are unusual neoplasms with rare diagnoses at birth, but often in childhood. Concomitant implantation locations on the shoulder, neck, temporal, and occipital scalps are rare.

Clinical findings of Tarlov cyst according to its location and level in lumbosacral spine on magnetic resonance imaging

Background: Tarlov cysts are fluid filled cysts that are most found in the lumbosacral spine. Patients often present with a series of distinguished neurological deficits that correlate with the mass effects of cyst provided on the level and location of the lumbosacral spine. Objective: To determine the clinical findings of Tarlov Cyst associated with its level and location magnetic resonance imaging Methods: A total of 60 patients with different sets of neurological deficits were included in this descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Ghurki Trust and Teaching hospital. Data was collected by using Questionnaire/Performa. An MRI procedure was used to assess the Tarlov cysts. A Convenient sampling technique was used in this study. Data was evaluated and analysed with SPSS v-25 and Microsoft excel. Results: Out of 60 patients, there were 40 females (66.67 %) and around 20 males (33.3%). The most common neurological deficits that was found in patients were numbness seen in 50 patients, loss of reflexes seen in 40 patients, mass effects in the affected region were seen in 20 patients and changes in the bowel function was seen in 10 patients. The most common location of Tarlov cysts found in patients was sacral region 28(46.7%), lumbosacral region 24(40%) and lumbar region 8(13.3%). Conclusion: The study concluded that the frequency of female was more than male. And the most common site of Tarlov cyst was found to be at LV4-LV5 and LV5-level S1 exhibiting different clinical manifestation.