Cyminum Essential Oil Research Articles

Antifungal activity of Zataria multiflora, Pelargonium graveolens and Cuminum cyminum essential oils towards three species of Malassezia isolated from patients with pityriasis versicolor

Summary Objective To investigate the anti-Malassezia activities of Zataria multiflora, Pelargonium graveolens and Cuminum cyminum essential oils (EOs) against different pathogenic Malassezia species isolated from patients with pityriasis versicolor (PV). Patients and methods The EOs were obtained by water-distillation using a Clevenger-type system. Anti-Malassezia activity against Malassezia species was carried out using disk diffusion method in Dixon agar. Results The main oil components were carvacrol (61.3%) and thymol (25.2%) for Z. multiflora, αpinene (30%) and limonene (21%) for C. cyminum and citronelol (28.2%) and geraniol (22.1%) for P. graveolens. The three Malassezia species showed a similar susceptibility to the three plants tested, C. cyminum (mean value: 48.3 mm) being the most active, followed by Z. multiflora (mean value: 28.1 mm) and P. graveolens (mean value: 26.1 mm). Conclusion This study indicated that Z. multiflora, P. graveolens and C. cyminum EOs have considerable anti-Malassezia activities, deserving further investigation for clinical applications for the treatment of PV.

Essential Oils, Phenolics, and Antioxidant Activities of Different Parts of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.)

Cuminum cyminum L. roots, stems and leaves, and flowers were investigated for their essential oils, total phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins contents, individual phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activities. The essential oil was investigated by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), whereas identification and quantification of individual target polyphenolic compounds was performed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Essential oil yields were 0.03% in roots, 0.1% in stem and leaves, and 1.7% in flowers. Major components of the oils were bornyl acetate (23%), α-terpinene (34%), and γ-terpinene (51%) in roots, stems and leaves, and flowers, respectively. In all C. cyminum organs, total phenolics content ranged from 11.8 to 19.2 mg of gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry weight (mg of GAE/g of DW). Among the polyphenols studied, 13 were identified in roots, 17 in stem and leaves, and 15 in flowers. The major phenolic compound in the roots was quercetin (26%), whereas in the stems and leaves, p-coumaric, rosmarinic, trans-2-dihydrocinnamic acids and resorcinol were predominant. In the flowers, vanillic acid was the main compound (51%). The antioxidant activities of C. cyminum essential oils and acetone extracts obtained from the three organs were assessed using four tests [1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), β-carotene/linoleic acid, reducing power, and chelating power assays]. The acetone extract of flowers was strongly effective as a DPPH radical scavenger, lipid peroxidation inhibitor, and reducing agent, with IC(50) values of 4, 32, and 8 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the acetone extract of stems and leaves showed the highest chelating power. However, the essential oils exhibited moderate activities in the different tests.

Chemical composition and biological activities of Tunisian Cuminum cyminum L. essential oil: A high effectiveness against Vibrio spp. strains

Essential oil extracted by hydrodistillation from Tunisian variety of Cuminum cyminum was characterized by means of GC and GC–MS. Twenty-one components were identified and C. cyminum contained cuminlaldehyde (39.48%), gamma-terpinene (15.21%), O-cymene (11.82%), beta-pinene (11.13%), 2-caren-10-al (7.93%), trans-carveol (4.49%) and myrtenal (3.5%) as a major components. Moreover, C. cyminum oil exhibited higher antibacterial and antifungal activities with a high effectiveness against Vibrio spp. strains with a diameter of inhibition zones growth ranging from 11 to 23 mm and MIC and MBC values ranging from (0.078–0.31 mg/ml) to (0.31–1.25 mg/ml), respectively. On the other hand, the cumin oil was investigated for its antioxidant activities using four different tests then compared with BHT. Results showed that cumin oil exhibit a higher activity in each antioxidant system with a special attention for β-carotene bleaching test (IC 50: 20 μg/ml) and reducing power (EC 50: 11 μg/ml). In the light of these findings, we suggested that C. cyminum essential oil may be considered as an interesting source of antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidants components used as potent agents in food preservation and for therapeutic or nutraceutical industries.

Effects of Sub-Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations of Some Essential Oils on Virulence Factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pseudomans aeruginosa, an opportunistic pathogen that produces a number of unique virulence factors causes severe and life-threatening infections. In this study the effects of sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of some essential oils on virulence factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa such as alginate production, biofilm formation, swimming, twitching and adhesion were evaluated. MIC of Zataria multiflora, Myrtus communis, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Mentha spicata and Cumminum cyminum essential oils on mucoid P. aeruginosa 8821M were determined by macrodilution method. Alginate production, biofilm formation, swimming, twitching and adhesion in the present of sub-MICs (1/2, 1/4 and 1/8 MIC) of essential oils were determined. GC-MS analysis led to identification of 32, 21, 22, 15 and 32 components in Myrtus communis, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Zataria multiflora, Mentha spicata and Cumminum cyminum oils respectively. The MICs of essential oils against P. aeruginosa for Z. multiflora, M. communis, E. camaldulensis, M.spicata and C. cyminum oils were obtained 64, 64, 64,16 and 32μ.g/ml respectively. The results show that all oils at 1/2 and 1/4 MICs were significantly reduced all tested virulence factors. At 1/8 MICs, Z. multiflora oil had significantly reduced all virulence factors, but another oils had different effects. This study showed that sub-MIC levels of Z. multiflora, M. communis, E. camaldulensis, M. spicata and C. cyminum essential oils affected alginate production, biofilm formation, swimming, twitching and adhesion in P. aeruginosa and it is probable to use of these medicinal plants for treating.

Extraction of Cuminum cyminum essential oil by combination technology of organic solvent with low boiling point and steam distillation

Abstract Extraction of essential oil from Cuminum cyminum seeds using a combination of organic solvent with low boiling point and steam distillation was explored. The effect of different parameters, such as particle size (40, 60, 80 mesh), temperature (°C) 10, 15, 20 and extraction time (3, 5, 8 h), on the extraction yield was investigated using three-level orthogonal array design. The experimental results showed that the temperature had the largest effect on the yield of the extract (oleoresin), followed by extraction time and particle size. The optimum parameters, such as temperature, particle size, and extraction time were in turn 20 °C, 80 mesh, and 8 h. Essential oil of C. cyminum seeds obtained by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), hydrodistillation (HD), combination technology of organic solvent with low boiling point and steam distillation (OS-SD) were further analysed by gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric detection to compare the extraction methods. Forty-five compounds in the C. cyminum essential oil were identified, showing that the composition of the extraction by different methods was mostly similar, whereas relative concentration of the identified compounds was apparently different. General characteristics of the C. cyminum essential oil obtained by different methods were further compared, and OS-SD was considered as the optimum process among the three processes to obtain C. cyminum essential oil for high quality, simple technology and low cost.

Synergistic antibacterial activity of Bunium persicum and Cuminum cyminum essential oils

Synergistic antibacterial activity of Bunium persicum and Cuminum cyminum essential oils

Phytotherapeutic inhibition of supragingival dental plaque

Antimicrobial activities and biofilm-formation preventive properties of Mentha piperita and Cuminum cyminum essential oils and chlorhexidine were assessed against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus pyogenes. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis led to the identification of 26 and 32 compounds in the essential oils of M. piperita and C. cyminum, respectively. Minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of the oils and chlorhexidine and microbial decimal reduction time (D value) were determined. Antibacterial and in vivo biofilm preventive efficacies of all the concentrations of M. piperita oil were significantly (p<0.001) higher. The biofilm inhibitory properties in planktonic cultures were in M. piperita > chlorhexidine > C. cyminum order. In vivo experiments conducted on male and female volunteers who brushed with essential oil blended toothpastes indicated that lower concentrations of the oils, in particular the M. piperita oil, were significantly higher (p<0.001) and effective during the course of the study as compared to chlorhexidine. In conclusion, there may be a potential role for essential oils in the development of novel anticaries treatments.