Cyclic Orientation Research Articles

Motivic Springer theory

We show that representations of convolution algebras such as Lustzig’s graded affine Hecke algebra or the quiver Hecke algebra and quiver Schur algebra in type A and A˜ can be realized in terms of certain equivariant motivic sheaves called Springer motives. To this end, we lay foundations to a motivic Springer theory and prove formality results using weight structures.As byproduct, we express Koszul and Ringel duality in terms of a weight complex functor and show that partial quiver flag varieties in type A˜ (with cyclic orientation) admit an affine paving.

Ductility and energy dissipation of perforated steel plate shear walls

Steel plate shear wall (SPSW) that consists of boundary elements and steel plate, has been used as a structural system to resist lateral loads such as strong wind and earthquake. The capability of SPSW to resist a relatively strong earthquake has been tested in an actual earthquake when a 35-story high rise building that employed SPSW stood still during 1995 Kobe earthquake while a nearby building collapsed during the catastrophe. The need for serviceability such as piping, duct for air conditioning, heating and ventilation as well as passageway requires SPSW to be perforated. Despite the expanding research on SPSW, there is a scarcity in the research on the effect of perforations on the performance of the SPSW. The objective of this research is to determine how openings of different sizes and orientations influence energy dissipation, shear load capacity, and ductility ratio of SPSW. Earthquake resistant building must have adequate energy dissipation capacity and ductility. Analysis was carried out on six SPSW models where three of them were denoted as Model A series. These models differ in the area of the openings. The rest of the models were denoted as Model B series which have the exact area of perforation, but different orientation. In both series, ASTM A36 steel was used for the plate and ASTM A992 steel was used for the boundary elements. The results were obtained with the aid of ABAQUS software application. Lateral loads were allowed in a cyclic orientation applied to a single side of the structure following the protocols of ATC 24. It is concluded that certain sizes of openings enhance the energy dissipation and ductility ratio. Model B3 which has the smallest dimension of the opening perpendicular to the load has the largest energy dissipation and shear load capacity but, has the smallest ductility.

B. PASTERNAK’S “MY SISTER — LIFE” IN HERMENEUTIC RECEPTION

The relevance of this article lies in the hermeneutic approach to the analysis of a literary work, the verbal images of which are explicitly or implicitly oriented towards the traditional, mythical-sacred, and metaphysical semantic certainty. This work also presents a psychoanalytic interpretation of some images and examines the peculiarities of the poetics of the motive structure, figurative dominants, and lyrical plots, as well as their cyclic and dynamic orientation in the semantization of the text space and its allegorical code. Particular attention is paid to identifying the creative character of the lyrical hero, their ontological-existential state, which goes back to the primordial primogeniture of man and natural phenomena. Among the specific features of poetics, the metaphoricity of the artistic word attracts most attention, cultivating the identity of existential and subjective-emotional manifestations — which gives rise to the effect of the personality of artistic ontology: signs of the originality of the author’s vision. The hermeneutic reception in the work is complicated by the phenomenological reading of the reflexive practice of the lyrical subject, which determines the dynamics of the figurative development. In terms of methodology, the intertextual approach is actualized, which allows revealing the situation of the poet’s dialogue with literary and mythical-religious traditions.

J028033 繰り返し伸展負荷内皮細胞の配向における焦点接着斑の凝集に果たすpaxillinの役割

J028033 繰り返し伸展負荷内皮細胞の配向における焦点接着斑の凝集に果たすpaxillinの役割

Hochschild (Co)homology of a class of Nakayama algebras

Let Λ = kQ/I be a finite-dimensional Nakayama algebra, where Q is an Euclidean diagram Open image in new window for some n with cyclic orientation, and I is an admissible ideal generated by a single monomial relation. In this note we determine explicitly all the Hochschild homology and cohomology groups of Λ based on a detailed description of the Bardzell complex. Moreover, the cyclic homology of Λ can be calculated in the case that the underlying field is of characteristic zero.

Strain-induced orientation response of endothelial cells: effect of substratum adhesiveness and actin-myosin contractile level.

Endothelial cells subjected to cyclic stretching change orientation so as to be aligned perpendicular to the direction of applied strain in a magnitude and time-dependent manner. Although this type of response is not the same as motility, it could be governed by motility-related factors such as substratum adhesiveness and actin-myosin contractile level. To examine this possibility, human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) were uniaxially, cyclically stretched on silicone rubber membranes coated with various concentrations of fibronectin, collagen type IV and laminin to produce differing amounts of adhesiveness (measured using a radial flow detachment assay). Cells were subjected to 10% pure cyclic uniaxial stretching for three hours at a rate of 10%/sec. Time-lapse images revealed that cells underwent large morphological changes without moving. For each type of protein there was a parabolic dependence on initial adhesiveness with optimal cell orientation occurring at very similar adhesive strengths. The effect of actin-myosin contractile level was examined by stretching cells treated with different doses of 2,3-butanedione monoxime (BDM) and Blebbistatin. Each drug induced a dose-dependent decrease in orientation angles after three hours of cyclic stretching. Furthermore, cell and stress fiber orientations were tightly coupled for untreated and Blebbistatin-treated cells but were uncoupled for BDM-treated cells. Even though orientation response to cyclic stretching is not a spontaneous motile response, it is determined, in large part, by the same factors that affect spontaneous motility--the cell-substratum adhesiveness and actin-myosin contractile level.

Neural Interpretation of Blood Oxygenation Level-Dependent fMRI Maps at Submillimeter Columnar Resolution

Whether conventional gradient-echo (GE) blood oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is able to map submillimeter-scale functional columns remains debatable mainly because of the spatially nonspecific large vessel contribution, poor sensitivity and reproducibility, and lack of independent evaluation. Furthermore, if the results from optical imaging of intrinsic signals are directly applicable, regions with the highest BOLD signals may indicate neurally inactive domains rather than active columns when multiple columns are activated. To examine these issues, we performed BOLD fMRI at a magnetic field of 9.4 tesla to map orientation-selective columns of isoflurane-anesthetized cats. We could not convincingly map orientation columns using conventional block-design stimulation and differential analysis method because of large fluctuations of signals. However, we successfully obtained GE BOLD iso-orientation maps with high reproducibility (r = 0.74) using temporally encoded continuous cyclic orientation stimulation with Fourier data analysis, which reduces orientation-nonselective signals such as draining artifacts and is less sensitive to signal fluctuations. We further reduced large vessel contribution using the improved spin-echo (SE) BOLD method but with overall decreased sensitivity. Both GE and SE BOLD iso-orientation maps excluding large pial vascular regions were significantly correlated to maps with a known neural interpretation, which were obtained in contrast agent-aided cerebral blood volume fMRI and total hemoglobin-based optical imaging of intrinsic signals at a hemoglobin iso-sbestic point (570 nm). These results suggest that, unlike the expectation from deoxyhemoglobin-based optical imaging studies, the highest BOLD signals are localized to the sites of increased neural activity when column-nonselective signals are suppressed.

Onset of abnormal subgrain growth in cold rolled {1 1 0}〈0 0 1〉 oriented copper single crystals

Copper single crystals of {1 1 0}〈0 0 1〉 orientation were cold rolled and annealed at 300 °C to study both the deformed state and early stages of static recovery. A homogeneous cellular substructure was generated during rolling with normal direction/rolling direction (ND–RD) sections revealing intersecting bands aligned at an acute angle to RD. These bands exhibit cyclic orientation changes about ND with amplitudes and wavelengths up to 10° and 10 μm, respectively. During annealing, cells situated at the extreme of these orientation perturbations undergo the most rapid coarsening; such a process is similar to the abnormal subgrain growth previously observed in {1 1 0}〈0 0 1〉 oriented aluminium single crystals.

Reactions of Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboximides with Aromatic Azides

Reactions of N-substituted bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-endo-2,endo-3-dicarboximides with o- and p-nitrophenyl azides, as well as with p-nitrophenylsulfonyl azide and p-toluenesulfonyl azide, afforded the corresponding substituted dihydrotriazole (from aryl azides) and arylsulfonylaziridine derivatives (from sulfonyl azides). The exo orientation of the nitrogen-containing cyclic fragments (in keeping with the Alder rule) and endo orientation of the imide ring were confirmed by analysis of the IR and 1H and 13C NMR spectra. The molecular structure of one of the products was examined by X-ray analysis.

A Theorem About Elementary Cuts and Flow Polynomials

It is known that the functions F G (k) and I G (k) evaluating the numbers of nowhere-zero ℤ k - and k-flows in a graph G, respectively, are polynomials of k. If X is a totally cyclic orientation of G, then the number of integral flows having values 1,…,k−1 on the arcs of X can be evaluated by a polynomial I X (k). F G (k) and I G (k) can be expressed as sums of I X (k). In this paper we show that the value I X (k) is positive for every totally cyclic orientation X of G if and only if k is greater than or equal to the maximum cardinality of an elementary edge-cut of G.

Postprojective components for algebras with certain heredity conditions

Let \( {\mit\Lambda} \) be a connected artin algebra with the postprojective partition \( {\cal P}_0 , \cdots , {\cal P}_n , \cdots , {\cal P}\!_{\infty } \), and assume that \( {\cal P}_0 \cup {\cal P}_1 \) is closed under indecomposable submodules. Then either \( {\mit\Lambda} \) is the radical square zero algebra given by the quiver \( {\tilde {\bf\it A}}_n \) with cyclic orientation, or the Auslander-Reiten-quiver of \( {\mit\Lambda} \) has a postprojective component \( {\mit\Gamma} \) cosisting of the modules in \( \bigcup \limits _{n\in {\Bbb N}_0}{\cal P}_n \).

The construction of antipodal triple systems by simulated annealing

An antipodal triple system of order v is a triple ( V, B, f), where | V | = v, B is a set of cyclically oriented 3-subsets of V, and f: V → V is an involution with one fixed point such that: 1. (i) ( V, B∪ f( B)) is a Mendelsohn triple system. 2. (ii) B ∩ f( B) = 0. 3. (iii) f is an isomorphism between the Steiner triple system ( STS) ( V, B′) and the STS ( V, f( B′)), where B′ is the same as B without orientation. 4. (iv) f preserves orientation. An STS (V,B) is hemispheric if there exists a cyclic orientation B ∗ of its block set B and an involution f such that (V,B ∗, f) is an antipodal system. We use simulated annealing on a carefully chosen feasibility space to show that any STS(v) (V,B), where 7 ⩽ v ⩽ 15, is hemispheric, and conjecture that this is true for any STS( v) v > 3. We were unable to find a way of applying the alternative computational techniques of hill climbing and backtracking to this problem.

The Composition Algebra of a Cyclic Quiver

Note that A is also called the quiver of type An_x with cyclic orientation. We denote by Ao the set of vertices of A (and often we will identify Ao with Z/nZ, or also with the set {xx, x2, •-, xn) or just with {1, 2, ..., n}, with arrows xt—>xi+l or i->i + l). There are n one-dimensional representations, corresponding to the vertices of A; these are (up to isomorphism) all the simple objects of T. The simple representation corresponding to the vertex a of A will be denoted by 5(a), and if S' is isomorphic to S(a), we will write [5'] = a. Given a simple representation 5, and I eNu there is (up to isomorphism) a unique indecomposable representation S[l] of length / with top 5, and we obtain in this way all indecomposable representations (again up to isomorphism). It follows that we can index the isomorphism classes in T by the set IT of n-tuples of partitions; the representation of A corresponding to n e U. will be denoted by M{JZ); see § 3.3.

Zyklische Orientierungen endlicher bewerteter Graphen

Starting from problem 4 ofK. Wagner [2],H. Fleischner andP. D. Vestergaard [1] introduce the notion of a value-true walk in a finite, connected graph, the edges of which are valuated with nonnegative integers. Their main theorem states that the existence of such a walk is equivalent to the existence of an orientation of the edges with the following property: For every vertex the sum of the valuations of the incoming edges equals the sum of the valuations of the outgoing edges. Let us call such an orientation a cyclic one. In the present paper we study finite, valuated graphs that admit a cyclic orientation. First, we give two necessary conditions for a valuated graphG to admit a cyclic orientation concerning the stars and the bonds ofG, respectively. (The starS (v) of a vertexv is the set of all edges ofG incident withv.) Then, as the main part of the paper we give a characterization of those graphs for which the star- and the bond-condition is sufficient, respectively (for any valuation of the graph). These characterizations are in terms of constructability from trees andK 3, respectively, as well as in terms of forbidden subgraphs.