Problem Solving Cycle Research Articles

Expensive but Worth It: Live Projects in Statistics, Data Science, and Analytics Courses

Students in statistics, data science, analytics, and related fields study the theory and methodology of data-related topics. Some, but not all, are exposed to experiential learning courses that cover essential parts of the life cycle of practical problem-solving. Experiential learning enables students to convert real-world issues into solvable technical questions and effectively communicate their findings to clients. We describe several experiential learning course designs in statistics, data science, and analytics curricula. We present findings from interviews with faculty from the U.S., Europe, and the Middle East and surveys of former students. We observe that courses featuring live projects and coaching by experienced faculty have a high career impact, as reported by former participants. However, such courses are labor-intensive for both instructors and students. We give estimates of the required effort to deliver courses with live projects and the perceived benefits and tradeoffs of such courses. Overall, we conclude that courses offering live-project experiences, despite being more time-consuming than traditional courses, offer significant benefits for students regarding career impact and skill development, making them worthwhile investments. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.

Applied Data Analysis: A Problem-based Learning Approach

This paper examines the transition of a conventional multivariate statistics module to a problem-based learning module, first implemented in 2021. The primary objective was to enhance students’ problem-solving skills, bridging the gap between mathematical concepts and real-world applications. The approach was implemented to instil a deeper understanding of real-world data analysis, emphasising the interpretation of domain specific problems in mathematical terms and the production of reports for industrial stakeholders.Findings indicate that the integration of problem-based methods not only improved students’ comprehension of statistical techniques but also fostered a more profound appreciation for their practical utility in diverse professional contexts. The problem-solving cycle, a central component of the approach, guided students in critically analysing complex challenges and formulating data driven solutions. Furthermore, this study emphasises the potential for replicating the industrial study group experience within an undergraduate teaching environment.Adopting a problem-based learning approach in the teaching of data analysis empowers students to apply their analytical skills effectively to real-world scenarios, strengthening their capacity to communicate insights and solutions to industrial stakeholders. The study underscores the value of aligning educational practices with the demands of data-driven industries, providing students with a competitive advantage in future research and the job market. The study is descriptive and reflective in nature.

Evaluating primary care programmes: a problem-solving cycle with literature review on programme evaluation for cervical cancer screening at a community health centre, Jakarta, Indonesia

Evaluating primary care programmes: a problem-solving cycle with literature review on programme evaluation for cervical cancer screening at a community health centre, Jakarta, Indonesia

Upaya Peningkatan Keselamatan Pasien dengan Pelaksanaan Manajemen Risiko di Unit Rawat Inap


 This study aims to describe the implementation of planned changes in an effort to improve patient safety through optimizing monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of risk management countermeasures in inpatient rooms. The method used is to use a problem solving cycle approach which includes identifying problems, analysis and diagnosis, designing solutions, implementation and evaluation. The assessment was carried out by means of structured interviews, observation, and distributing questionnaires. Implementation of planned changes using Kurt Lewin's change model, namely unfreezing, movement and refreezing. The results of problem identification showed that the implementation of risk management in the inpatient unit was not optimal, so innovation was needed to motivate staff to implement patient safety by distributing online flyers and creating an instrument to monitor the implementation of risk management. In conclusion, monitoring using good monitoring instruments and distributing online flyers can increase nurses' understanding of implementing risk management so that patient safety can be realized.
 
 Keywords: Patient Safety, Risk Management, Service Quality Improvement, Monitoring System

PASIEN PROLANIS HIPERTENSI TIDAK TERKONTROL DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KEBUN HANDIL TAHUN 2022

ABSTRACTBackground: Hypertension is one of the top 10 causes of death and remains a major challenge inIndonesia. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that currently the prevalence ofhypertension globally is 22% of the total world population. Of these patients, only less than a fifth makeefforts to control their blood pressure. At Kebun Handil Community Health Center, based on data takenfrom P-Care from January to May 2023, it was found that the average number of hypertensive patientsregistered as Prolanis members was 1180 patients but of these, only 1.81% were under control fromthe target of 5% or an average of only 22 people under control.Method: This final project is based on data found at the health center. After the data collection processis complete, the data is processed using SPSS and analyzed using the problem solving cycle method.The cycle starts from problem identification by brainstorming, after collecting several problems thatexist in the low coverage of controlled hypertension in prolanis patients at the Kebun Handil HealthCenter, then the problem is confirmed with primary or secondary data.Conclusion: The low coverage of controlled hypertension in prolanis patients at the Kebun HandilCommunity Health Center is due to the low compliance of hypertension prolanis patients in taking theirmedication so that problem solving is carried out in the form of creating an attractive and innovativeposyandu.Keywords: Hypertension, ProlanisAB

GAMBARAN PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM TUBERKULOSIS DI PUSKESMAS KEBON HANDIL KOTA JAMBI TAHUN 2022

ABSTRACTBackground: Pulmonary tuberculosis (pulmonary TB) is an infectious disease, which primarily affects the lungparenchyma. The name Tuberculosis comes from a tubercle which means a small, hard bulge that forms when theimmune system builds a wall around the bacteria in the lungs. Pulmonary tuberculosis is chronic and ischaracterized by the formation of granulomas and causes tissue necrosis. Pulmonary TB can be transmitted throughthe air, when someone with active TB in the lungs coughs, sneezes or talks.Method: This final project was made based on data found in the puskesmas. After the data collection process iscomplete, the data is processed using SPSS and analyzed using the problem-solving cycle method. The cyclestarts from identifying problems with brainstorming, after collecting several problems that exist in the lowachievement of monitoring toddler growth at the Kebun Handil Health Center, then these problems are confirmedwith primary or secondary data.Conclusion: Priority issues related to the description of the TB Implementation Program are still lacking, namelythe achievement of the TB case detection target in 2022 has not been achieved, namely only 23.8%. The causeof the dominant problem is that people's knowledge about TB is still low. The chosen problem solution is Retrainingfor the active participation of all health center staff outside and inside the building related to counseling andeducation about TB to all Kebon Handil people. The lack of public knowledge apart from oneself is also determinedby the information received, increasing human resources is one of the ways chosen to improve this condition.Keywords: Tuberculosis

PENGEMBANGAN ALTERNATIF PEMECAHAN MASALAH

The development of alternative solutions to problems is an effort that we do within the organization, to unravel the problems that we will solve, then we can get some sort of confirmations for what we want to solve in order to achieve our goals. Based on the Problem-Solving Cycle, the development of alternative problem-solving cycles is the 6th step in the problem solving cycle. Many methods are used in developing alternative problem solving. One of the methods commonly used in developing alternative problem solving is by using the fishbone method. PAPM Fishbone method is a method which was first discovered historically by Ishikawa, a Japanese scientist. Fishbone is a relationship between causes and effects. In dividing Fishbone in half, the right box is the effect and the left box is the cause. Fishbone is a PAPM tool with a causal effect concept so that there is a causal relationship with the effect. The results obtained in studying PAPM using the fishbone method, among others, are to make it easier to find the cause of the problem, so that it can quickly take action to solve the problem. Writing review literature is sourced from international books, articles and journals. The hope is that in studying the development of alternative solutions to problems, so that we can find solutions to familiar behavior or circumstances, so that we have many ways to solve problems

Meta-Analysis: Learning Model to Increase HOTS of High School Students in Biology Subject

Higher order thinking skills are one of the skills needed by students in 21st century learning. Many studies have shown that Indonesian students' higher thinking skills are still low. One way to empower students' higher order thinking skills is to choose the right learning model so that learning objectives can be achieved properly. This research is a quantitative study using descriptive methods and analyzing 15 articles written by researchers or students where the learning model research was conducted in Indonesia. The research method used in the articles was quasi-experimental and supported by data needed to calculate the effect size, including mean data, standard deviation, sample size, and hypothesis testing. The articles focused on the influence of the learning model on HOTS of high school students in biology subjects from 2013-2022, which were sourced from journals accredited by Arjuna. The conclusion drawn was that the learning model can empower HOTS students based on the effect size. This research is quantitative research with descriptive method so that it can be concluded that in general the learning model can empower students' HOTS based on effect size. The learning model that is considered to be able to empower students' HOTS with the greatest effect is the jigsaw cooperative type with an effect size value of 1.5. Followed by the multimedia-assisted discovery learning model with an effect size value of 0.72 having a medium effect category. The next moderate effect is a two problem solving cycles model with an effect size value of 0.67.

Problem-Solving Cycle Analysis in Finance Department of Hospital

One of the factors in the success of a hospital is the extent to which the finance department can effectively manage funds. Financial reports prepared by applicable regulations can evaluate the hospital’s financial performance and become a tool in strategic decision-making. This research is a qualitative descriptive study using action research, the method, and problem-solving cycle analysis, which consists of five steps: situation analysis and problem identification, prioritization of problems and goals, analysis of the causes of problems, determination of alternative problem-solving, and plans of action. Research data were taken from interviews, review of annual financial reports, and minimum financial service standard reports: cost recovery, speed of information about hospitalization bills, and timeliness of preparing financial reports. This study aims to identify and solve problems in the finance department of the Bogor Islamic Hospital so that it can improve the performance and competitiveness of the hospital in a timely and cost-effective manner. Through the analysis of the problem-solving cycle, it was found that the priority problem was the analysis of incomplete financial statements. Then found the causes and alternative solutions to problems from human factors, money, materials, machines, methods, markets, and the environment. A plan of action has been made to resolve the finance department's priority problem, including creating a guidebook of financial reports, counseling to increase motivation to learn, and training for finance department employees. These solutions are expected to be promptly implemented and beneficial for the growth and development of the Bogor Islamic Hospital, especially the hospital’s finance department.

Autonomous Intelligence in Problem-Solving by Searching in the field of Artificial Intelligence

Problem-solving strategies in Artificial Intelligence are steps to overcome the barriers to achieve a goal, the "problem-solving cycle". Most common steps in such cycle involve- recognizing a problem, defining it, developing a strategy in order to fix it, organizing knowledge and resources available, monitoring progress, and evaluating the effectiveness of the solution. Once a solution is obtained, another problem usually comes, and the cycle starts again. Searching techniques in problem-solving by using artificial intelligence (A.I) are surveyed in this paper. An overview of definitions, development and dimensions of A.I in the light of search for solutions to problems are accepted. Dimensions as well as relevance of search in A.I research is reviewed. A classification of searching in the matter of depth of known parameters of search was also investigated. At last, the forethoughts of searching in AI research are brought into prominence. Search is noticed that it is the common thread that binds most of the problem-solving strategies in AI together.

“There’s always racism”: Puerto Rican Mothers Naming Linguistic Inequities and Sharing Community Cultural Wealth Post-Displacement

In the following study, displaced Puerto Rican mothers and I created and explored a learning space – culture circles – that engaged participants in a critical cycle of problem posing, dialogue, and problem solving in relation to their experiences in the receiving Pennsylvania community. Using a qualitative, ethnographic approach, the study drew from Critical Pedagogy (CP), raciolinguistics, and a Community Cultural Wealth (CCW) framework to inform data collection and analysis. Individual interviews, culture circle meeting recordings, field notes, and digital artefacts created by four focal participants help illustrate how these mothers navigate the US school system and the wider receiving community in southern Pennsylvania. Moreover, the data reflect how racism in this context is based predominantly on families’ language practices. Despite mothers facing significant challenges due to race/ethnicity, language, class, and gender, this study highlights the conversations that displaced Puerto Rican mothers engaged in regarding the impact racism had in their everyday lives. Furthermore, the space we created allowed participants to share and model their accumulated linguistic, social, and resistant capital for their children’s academic success.

E-Knowledge Module Development with Sprint Method in Dr. Ramelan Navy Hospital

Background: Hospitals need to manage document systems well. Dr Ramelan Navy hospital only 15% of the training materials have been documented. Knowledge of basic infection control programs only reached 57.2% and effective communication reached 56%. Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors causing the documentation of training materials under the standard, to determine solutions to improve the documentation of training materials to reach the standard and to develop an activity plan in overcoming the problem of documentation of training materials that have not reached the standard. Methods: This study uses the analytical observational method. The method used is the Problem Solving Cycle (PSC) approach. Data obtained through interviews, observations, and documentation in several departments and work units, then processed through a number of stages in overcoming the problem of documentation of training materials. Problems are solved by using a problem solving cycle approach with five stages of problem analysis, strategy design, development strategy, implementation, monitoring, evaluation and feedback. Solution of problems with the development of knowledge modules in hospital management information system. Results: The results at the strategy development stage of the development of the module named E-Knowledge was developed using the Sprint method with five stages of map, sketch, divide, prototype and test. Conclusion: E Knowledge increase knowledge and improve personnel performance.

Inisiasi Kampung Wisata Bersih Dan Sehat Melalui Upaya Pencegahan Leptospirosis di Kampung Bustaman

Bustaman village is a village that has the potential for goat slaughter routines and the "gebyuran" tradition, this increases the potential for environmental health problems from piles of carcass waste from goats to piles of plastic waste, both of which can pollute the environment and cause potential zoonoses such as rats that can transmit diseases. leptospirosis. The method of implementing community service is carried out by empowering the community through a problem solving cycle approach. The first stage starts from problem identification, problem priority, brainstorming, village community deliberation and then intervention. The results of community service are quite good, the activities run smoothly as seen from the people who are active in identifying health problems, namely diseases that come from animals, namely rats, mosquitoes and flies. The priority of the community problem is the prevention of a rat-borne disease, namely leptospirosis. The intervention was carried out by catching rats and facilitated by the service team by distributing 20 mouse traps. The eradication of rats has been carried out and the community is committed to carrying out these activities continuously. It is hoped that the local health center can facilitate leptospirosis prevention activities by providing assistance to the community so that these activities can continue.

Upaya Peningkatan Capaian Kepatuhan Program Rujuk Balik di RS X dengan Menggunakan Problem Solving Cycle

This study aims to achieve the target indicators for recruiting DRR participants that BPJS has set by 25% of the seven hands that BPJS Health has determined. The method used is the descriptive research method. The results showed that the DRR participant recruitment target indicator was not achieved due to low visits to the polyclinic, so the DPJP was worried that the patient would run out. No one would seek treatment at the hospital. They are achieving the target of the referral program recruitment participants set by the hospital with an increase of 10% every month. Hospital promotion program activities must be monitored regularly and involve related units.
 
 Keywords: Compliance, Referback Program, Problem Solving Cycle

Crisis recovery in surgery: Error management and problem solving in safety-critical situations

BackgroundSurgical crises, both clinical and executive, carry risk of harm to patients, staff, and organizations. Once stabilized and contained, crisis recovery requires complex decision-making and problem-solving to address primary failures (errors) and their consequences. In contrast to other safety-critical professions, surgeons may lack access to crisis recovery strategies and tools that go beyond the technical aspects of clinical practice. This study aims to develop a framework for surgical crisis recovery based on problem-solving interventions used by pilots in commercial aviation. MethodsThis study undertook observational fieldwork, semistructured interviews, and focus groups with senior airline pilots and health care safety experts. Thematic analysis using the framework method identified key interventions applicable to surgical crisis recovery. Subsequently, expert group consensus adapted and content validated this model for clinical use. ResultsQualitative data from 22 aviation and health care safety experts informed surgical crisis resolution. This consisted of 3 strategies: (1) building cognitive capacity by improving situational awareness and workload management; (2) using checklists in abnormal situations to implement emergency operating procedures; (3) undertaking structured decision-making using analysis-based problem-solving cycles (eg, T-DODAR framework). Twelve tools were validated and adapted to aid implementation of these strategies. ConclusionOnce stabilized, surgical crises may be resolved using 3 sequential strategies derived from commercial aviation.

Penentuan Prioritas Masalah Kesehatan terkait Covid-19 dan Intervensinya dengan Pendekatan Problem Solving Cycle

The Covid-19 outbreak has caused many problems for all levels of society. This problem requires a logical problem-solving flow because it requires an easy-to-understand line of thinking, and requires a clear concept of the process and its phases. Problem Solving Cycle is a mental and intellectual process of finding and solving problems based on accurate data and information so that appropriate conclusions and interventions can be drawn. The steps needed in the problem solving cycle method include situation analysis, problem identification, problem prioritization, determining the cause of the problem, determining the priority of the cause of the problem, determining alternative problem solving and implementing interventions. The achievement of goals is influenced by the use of appropriate and effective intervention media. Situation analysis was conducted by interview using the Kobotoolbox application to 25 respondents who were selected by purposive sampling. Determination of priority problems and priority causes of health problems related to Covid-19 is carried out with the Village Community Deliberation (MMD) using the Delbeg scoring table. Fishbone analysis diagram is used to formulate the causes of the problems that have been prioritized. Interventions using posters and educational videos are considered effective as educational media for the problem of lack of knowledge of citizens related to Covid-19 with a lot of hoax information as a priority cause of problems in Krasak Village, Pecangaan District, Jepara Regency.

Teaching musical learning as problem-solving: Applying a theory of musical intelligence to musical instruction

This article describes how a theory of musical intelligence can be applied to the teaching of music whereby musical learning is viewed as a form of problem-solving. We first introduce basic concepts and then describe the steps in a problem-solving cycle for musical learning. In particular, these steps involve recognizing the existence of a problem, defining the problem, allocating resources to the problem, mentally representing the problem, formulating a strategy to solve the problem, monitoring problem-solving, and evaluating the solution after one is done. Then, we discuss the application of these steps to analytical, creative, practical, and wisdom-based learning and performance. Finally, we draw some conclusions.

Developing Language Skills through Students’ Quality Circle (SQC) Way: An Innovative Approach to Language Teaching and Learning

This article proposes SQC framework for English language education. The meaningful context in which the language activities take place as the students work through the cycle of problem solving provides rich opportunity to develop their language skills. Theoretical, conceptual and historical background and framework, stages of SQC case study, tools and techniques used in problem solving to develop the students’ personality, language and SQC interface and sample SQC case study have been discussed in this paper. The potential of SQC leading to TQC for professional development and its potential to inform and refine the ELT curriculum has been proposed. The systematic and scientific approach that SQC adopts has tremendous future potentials in academia.

Evaluating the role of partnerships in increasing the use of big Earth data to support the Sustainable Development Goals: an Australian perspective

ABSTRACT Leaders are increasingly calling for improved decision support to manage human and environmental challenges in the 21st Century. The 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide a framing of these challenges, wherein 169 targets require significant data to be monitored and pursued effectively. However, many targets are still not connected with big Earth data capabilities. In this conceptual paper, the authors sought to answer the question “How are partnerships influencing progress in using big Earth data to address the SDGs?” Using the Pivotal Principles for Digital Earth, we reflect on the geospatial sector’s partnering efforts and opportunities for enhancing the use of big Earth data. We use Australia as a case study to explore partnering for action towards one or more SDGs. We conclude that partnerships are emerging for big Earth data use in addressing the SDGs, but much can still be done to harness the power of partnerships for transformative SDG outcomes. We propose four key enabling priorities: 1) multiple-stakeholder collaboration, 2) regular enactment of the problem-solving cycle, 3) transparent and reliable georeferenced data, and 4) development and preservation of trust. Five “next steps” are outlined for Australia, which can also benefit practitioners and leaders globally in problem-solving for the SDGs.

Application of two problem solving cycles to students' higher-order thinking skills on reproductive system material

Two problem solving cycles are problem-based learning with two learning cycles that can improve students' higher order thinking skills. The knowledge of reproductive health is needed by the student, due to the student as future generation must be ready to facing the reproductive health problem in the future. This study aimed to determine the differences in learning two problem solving cycles on students' higher-order thinking skills. The population of this study were students of SMA Negeri 02 Sekayam-West Kalimantan with a sample of class XI IPA 1 and XI IPA 2. Students were given 12 questions as essay test in the beginning and end of the cycles. Data were analyzed using the Mann Whitney U test. Research shows that there are significant differences in learning towards higher-order thinking skills with learning two problem solving cycles (sig. 0.015 < 0.05). Hence, it could be concluded that two problem solving cycles could be applied in learning material on the reproductive system.