Action Research Cycle Research Articles

Penerapan Pembelajaran Agama Buddha Berbasis Kearifan dan Budaya Lokal di Sekolah Minggu Buddha (SMB) Adhicitta Suruh, Tengaran, dan Susukan

This study was the first of the two-cycled action research. This study aimed at building teachers’ understanding of integrating local wisdom and culture content with Buddhism at Adhicitta Buddhist Sunday School, Suruh, Tengaran, and Susukan, as the basis of the implementation of local wisdom and culture-based Buddhist learning. The first cycle of action research consisted of three stages, Look, Think, and Act. The data gathering technique employed interview, observation, and documentation. The data was analyzed through data condensation, data display, and drawing and verification conclusions. The results showed that the teachers at Adhicitta Buddhist Sunday School, Suruh, Tengaran, and Susukan had not completely understood how to integrate local wisdom and culture content with Buddhism. The human resources limitation and the high demand of the Buddhist Sunday School Curriculum contributed as the main factors of the teachers’ poor understanding. Based on the evaluation of the latest step of Act, the next cycle focused on the intensive training towards the teachers at Adhicitta Buddhist Sunday School, Suruh, Tengaran, and Susukan in designing local wisdom and culture-based Buddhist lesson plans.

Program Evaluation and Refinement of the "Safe Functional Home Exercise" Program for Improving Physical Activity in Older People with Dementia Who Receive Home Care.

People with dementia who receive home care have low levels of physical activity participation. To evaluate and refine a co-designed exercise program for home care clients with dementia, led by trained care support workers. An action research cycle whereby support workers, clients and carers (each n = 26) from the "Safe Functional Home Exercise" feasibility study were invited to complete an evaluation survey. Participants rated statements using Likert-style scales on (1) staff training, (2) staff confidence, (3) program support and (4) satisfaction. The participants could provide comments for situations that affected exercise performance, suggested improvements for staff training, program support and exercises. The co-design panel (original program designers) was reconvened to refine the exercise program. Support workers (n = 19), clients (n = 15) and carers (n = 13) returned their surveys. Support workers (74-90%), carers (77-92%) and clients (100%) rated program support positively and were overall satisfied. Support workers (>80%) agreed that the training course was relevant and were confident in delivering the exercises to clients. Situations included "Covid isolation", the client's "poor medical condition" and "mood fluctuations" that made exercising difficult. Improvements included "making a client video" and "providing tips to motivate clients". The co-design panel modified the exercise program. The "Safe Functional Home Exercise" program is the first exercise program co-designed for people with dementia. It is well accepted by support workers, people with dementia and carers. Utilising support workers to facilitate physical activity participation is potentially low-cost and scalable in home care. Future studies are needed to evaluate the refined program in home care.

THE INFLUENCE OF E-MODULE BASED ON ROLE-PLAYING LEARNING MODEL WITH SCIENTIFIC APPROACH AND CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE TEACHING TO 10TH GRADERS’ QUANTITY AND MEASUREMENT CONCEPTUAL MASTERY

Physics is a fundamental science that is essential to master, particularly the skill of measuring quantities in daily life. This study aims to analyze the influence of an e-module based on a role-playing learning model with a scientific approach and culturally responsive teaching on 10th graders' conceptual mastery of quantity and measurement. The study was conducted using two cycles of Kurt Lewin's Class Action Research Cycle. The implementation of this learning innovation used a sample of 27 students fromclass X-11 at SMAN 9 Malang. The e-module learning media is based on a role-playing learning model with a scientific approach and culturally responsive teaching. This approach was found to increase students' conceptual mastery in magnitude and measurementin class X-11 at SMAN 9 Malang. The percentage of passing scores increased from 30% after Cycle I to 70% after Cycle II. This e-learning module is based on a role-playing model with a scientific approach and culturally responsive teaching. It has been found to improve students' conceptual mastery in quantity and measurementin class X-11 at SMAN 9 Malang.

Crafting Folktale Narratives: Bangflo Coffee's Innovative Digital Storytelling Journey on Instagram

Objective: This study aims to explore the impact of integrating the Sasando folktale into Bangflo Coffee's brand identity on Instagram, focusing on its effects on consumer behavior, loyalty, and market positioning in the Jakarta coffee industry.
 
 Theoretical framework: The study is grounded in the foundations of storytelling in human culture, the strategic application of storytelling in digital communication, and the multidimensional nature of brand identity.
 
 Method: Employing a robust action research methodology rooted in Lewin's cycle, the study emphasizes the strategic use of storytelling. Multiple action research cycles are conducted to adapt the Sasando as a central symbol, aligning with President Joko Widodo's support for local entrepreneurs.
 
 Results and conclusion: The Sasando assumes a prominent role in Bangflo Coffee's identity, symbolizing cultural heritage and connecting deeply with the audience. The storytelling approach resonates with socially conscious millennials, fostering community, social responsibility, and heightened brand awareness. The integration of folktales proves effective in transforming the brand beyond a simple coffee supplier into a meaningful cultural ambassador.
 
 Originality/value: This research contributes to the field by showcasing the innovative use of digital storytelling in the coffee industry, bridging traditional folklore with modern branding strategies. It emphasizes the importance of cultural integration in creating authentic and enduring connections with consumers, particularly in the context of social media platforms like Instagram.

Cuando un proyecto de cambio fracasa en la escuela: aprendizajes inesperados

This case study examines the implementation of an Action Research cycle in a charter school in Castilla-La Mancha, in a disadvantaged environment. We assess the feasibility of introducing active methodologies, such as cooperative learning, to improve coexistence and reduce school failure. Although the implementation of cooperative learning was limited, we observed significant improvements in coexistence and academic performance. This study demystifies the idea that an incomplete project is a failure, as it shows improvements despite not being carried out in its entirety.

Protocolo assistencial de acolhimento em unidade de pronto atendimento no contexto da Covid-19 (2020-2021)

Abstract Qualitative action-research research aimed to describe the process of reorganizing the care flow of a UPA to face the COVID-19 pandemic, based on the implementation of care protocols. The collective problem was the organization of the care flow for people with the flu syndrome (FS). The study considered the action-research cycles proposed by Tripp (2005). In the planning phase, the flow of care for patients with FS was developed through the analysis of regulations, physical structure, and available resources. During implementation, intersectoral partnerships were established for physical adaptation, training of professionals, and resizing of the team. The planning and implementation process was described based on reports and data were collected from the unit's management equipment and the Municipal Health Department. The evaluation was carried out continuously, based on feedback from the literature and reflected practice. The reorganization of the unit with the implementation of protocols and division of flows showed positive points, such as participation and involvement of the team, review of processes, search for evidence, and intersectoral partnerships; and negative, such as the difficulty in separating FS patients within the physical structure of the UPA.

A Problem-Based Learning Model to Improve English Learning Outcomes: A Study in Middle-School Students

Teaching is not just a matter of telling. Learning is not an automatic consequence of contemplating information in the minds of students. Learning requires mental involvement and students' work. Explanation and demonstration alone will not produce lasting learning outcomes. Which can produce learning outcomes, including the activities of contextual learning methods with problem-based learning teaching models. The source of the data for this research is the seventh-grade students of SMPN 1 Sidomulyo Odd Semester for the 2020/2021 academic year, totaling 34 students consisting of 13 male students and 21 female students. The data collected are quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative data is data obtained from formative tests in each cycle. While qualitative in the form of observations in each learning cycle, the data obtained is then converted into success criteria to determine whether student learning outcomes can be seen and how they improve. This study uses two cycles of action research. Each round consists of four stages, namely: design, observation activities, and reflection. From the data obtained in the form of formative test results and observation sheets of teaching and learning activities, it was found that student learning achievement has increased from cycle one to cycle two. In the first cycle, student learning outcomes in the very good category were 29.41%, and in the second cycle, the learning outcomes in the very good category increased to 70.59%. This study concludes that the problem-based learning (PBL) learning model can have a positive effect on the learning outcomes of class VII F students at SMP 1 Sidomulyo, and this learning model can be used as an alternative to learning English.

Diving into Real-World Practicum in Physical Education: Deconstructing and Re-Signifying Pre-Service Teachers’ Reflections

Reflection is crucial for aspiring teachers, yet many pre-service teachers (PSTs) struggle to grasp its true meaning. This study explores how PSTs deconstruct their initial reflections and re-signify their understanding based on challenges encountered in real-world practicum settings. Additionally, it examines how the facilitator supported the PSTs’ reflections over time. Over the course of a year in the physical education teacher education context, six PSTs, along with the first author, who fulfilled dual roles as external facilitator and researcher, engaged in three iterative Action Research (AR) cycles. Within each AR cycle, the external facilitator explored the authentic teaching challenges faced by PSTs, offering individualized support while unpacking reflection concepts. Data were collected through focus group interviews, reflective journals from the PSTs, and the observation of participants by the external facilitator, which provided contextual field notes on the PSTs’ teaching–learning experiences. Our findings emphasize the need to initially understand PSTs’ views on reflection. This serves as a starting point for deconstructing the three concepts outlined in our theoretical framework, through the scrutiny of PSTs’ real teaching–learning experiences. This process facilitated a resignification, leading to an advanced comprehension of reflection among the PSTs. The study emphasizes the value of integrating this approach into systemic teacher education reforms and suggests extending training and mentorship to cooperating teachers.

Enabling the context for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Controlled Birthing on Country services: Participatory action research

ProblemEstablishment of Birthing on Country services owned and governed by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Controlled Health Services has been slow. BackgroundBirthing on Country services have demonstrated health and cost benefits and require redesign of maternity care. During the Building On Our Strengths feasibility study, use of endorsed midwives and licensing of birth centres has proven difficult. QuestionWhat prevents Community Controlled Health Services from implementing Birthing on Country services in Queensland and New South Wales? MethodsParticipatory action research identified implementation barriers. We conducted iterative document analysis of instruments to inform government lobbying through synthesis of policy, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental factors. FindingsThrough cycles of participatory action research, we analysed 17 documents: 1) policy barriers prevent Community Controlled Health Services from employing endorsed midwives to provide intrapartum care in public hospitals; 2) economic barriers include lack of sustainable funding stream and inadequate Medicare-billing for endorsed midwives; and 3) legal barriers require a medical practitioner in a birth centre. While social barriers (e.g., colonisation, medicalisation) underpin regulations, these were beyond the scope; technological and environmental barriers were not identified. DiscussionFindings are consistent with the literature on barriers to midwifery practice. Recommendations include a national audit of barriers to Birthing on Country services including healthcare practice insurance, and development of a funding stream. Additionally, private maternity facility regulation must align with evidence on safe birth centre operation. ConclusionGovernment can address barriers to scale-up of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Controlled Birthing on Country services.

EXPRESSIVE ART THERAPY APPROACH IN REDUCING SELF-HARM AMONG ADOLESCENT

Adolescent self-harming behavior is a complex and concerning issue which require a comprehensive and holistic understanding. Expressive art therapy serves as a therapeutic approach to address self-harm among adolescents in which they can express and explore their emotions, thoughts, and experiences in a non-verbal manner by utilizing various art forms. This research aims to explore in-depth self-harming behaviour among adolescents and the implementation of expressive art therapy approach to reduce self-harming behaviour among adolescent. This research employed an action research approach whereby the entire cycle process starting from planning stage to the reflecting stage were completed using one sample as participant engaged in expressive art therapy. Referral volunteered adolescents participated after claiming to involve in self-harm activities. The action research cycle involved nine sessions in a six weeks period. The results found that the adolescents developed self-resilience and could regulate through a suitable personal coping skill thus reducing self-harm behavior. The results also showed that expressive art therapy approach is effective in helping adolescents from relapsing into self-harm behavior. Moreover, the creative process in expressive art therapy approach provided a safe and supportive environment for the adolescents to externalize their distress and develop alternative coping mechanisms.

The Impact of ‘WEBTOON’ as a Digital Reading Tool for EFL High School Students

After the pandemic, a palpable learning loss in the classrooms was left while more technological learners and teachers were born. It has led us to seek digital strategies to keep students engaged in the classrooms and one of these is the use of Webtoon. It has been widely gaining attention for its simple but fun interface in the generation Z, besides having different genres, themes, and panels with drawings that can engage users to keep reading in their leisure time. In the following qualitative study, the perspectives of high school students from UEPSMA (Unidad Educativa Particular Salesianas María Auxiliadora) in Cuenca were analyzed. Using three action research cycles with a qualitative method, they engaged in three pop quizzes and a final Google Forms survey at the end of the third. Results showed that students found Webtoon’s illustrations and vocabulary satisfying, and they continued reading because of the plot and the illustrations. Their open-ended questions also highlighted how content the majority were at using a digital reading tool in the classroom, boosting their English reading motivation.

Peer Feedback: Model for the Assessment and Development of Metacognitive Competences in Nursing Students in Clinical Training

Peer feedback serves as a pedagogical methodology that actively engages students throughout their academic journey. Developing metacognitive competences of students in a clinical training context motivates student’s engagement and active participation in the learning and assessment processes as added value for academic success. It is particularly effective in fostering competences that are crucial for future professional practice. This study introduces the design and development of a peer feedback model tailored for the assessment and development of metacognitive competences among nursing students undergoing clinical training, named PEERFEED-EClínico 1.0. The research employs a constructivist case study approach using a multi-method design comprising two stages: Stage 1 (S1) involves development and modeling, conducted through the first and second cycles of participatory action research (PAR); Stage 2 (S2) focuses on validity and feasibility, employing a quasi-experimental study (before and after) to validate the model’s requirements, receptivity, and potential compliance among teachers and students. Data were collected from 2018 to 2021 and involved 163 nursing students and 24 teachers/supervisors enrolled in curricular units related to clinical training during the 3rd and 4th years of their undergraduate nursing degrees. The findings highlight the PEERFEED-EClínico 1.0 model, which features four levels of implementation. The model emphasizes self-knowledge, self-reflection, and self-regulation along with communication, interpersonal relationships, and teamwork, all of which are deemed essential for students’ future professional practice. The peer feedback model promotes a centered student approach, allows the alignment of pedagogical methodologies with international frameworks of quality assurance in higher education, and contributes significantly to nursing education and science knowledge.

Experience Matters: using micro-narratives for the co-creation and evaluation of good care

Objective:The narratives of care staff, residents and significant others (SOs) about their personal experiences with care offer insight into their perceived care quality. This information enables the co-creation and evaluation of good care. Therefore, we aimed to develop a method to systematically collect and reflect on micro-narratives, on multiple levels.Methods:From January 2020 to April 2022, we conducted a participatory action study in two care home locations. By continuously following the cycle of action research, we collaboratively worked on the content development, organizational implementation, and technical realization of our method. We used a distributed ethnography software tool (SenseMaker®) as the starting point. Input from care staff, residents and SOs was obtained through participatory observations, interviews, focus groups, and informal conversations.Results:Together, we developed Experience Matters, a method for collecting, sharing and reflecting on micro-narratives about personal experiences with care. In Experience Matters, care staff, residents and SOs share their experiences as micro-narratives and add meaning to them by answering a number of quantitative questions. The answers to these questions are attached to the micro-narratives as metadata. Using this method, the micro-narratives and metadata can be used to co-create and evaluate care for individual residents (micro-level application) and care provided by a team (meso-level application), and to develop quality policy and accountability reports (macro-level application). Care staff indicated that using Experience Matters contributes to job satisfaction, team spirit and feelings of empowerment. Residents reported increased feelings of equality, and SOs felt more involved in the care process. Lastly, managers and directors indicated that the method leads to real-time insights into the quality of care.Conclusion:Collaboratively developed with all stakeholders, Experience Matters enables collecting, sharing and reflecting on micro-narratives for the co-creation and evaluation of good care. To implement the method effectively, organizations may consider deploying Experience Matters as part of a larger transition towards being a learning organization.

Initiation of Prevention of Violence against Women and Children through Community-Based Resilience Strengthening in Pedak, Srandakan, Bantul

Violence against women/children (VaW/C) has bio-psycho-socio-economic impacts. The Pedak community has not been exposed to efforts for violence prevention, although some VaW/C cases have arisen. Hence, this community service aimed to increase public awareness to prevent and reduce VaW/C. The approach Community-Based Resilience is carried out through a cycle of action research, including diagnosing, planning, action, and evaluation in Padukuhan Pedak, Trimurti, Srandakan, Bantul, Yogyakarta Province. Observation of the community conditions and in-depth interviews with community leaders were used in the diagnosing stage. The action stage includes three priority actions: VaW/C education for community representatives (a quasi-experiment), VaW/C education in children's reading corners, and youth Posyandu coaching. These activities increased public knowledge and reactivated community activities to prevent and overcome societal violence. Multisector role involvement and a multifaceted approach are needed to increase community awareness of VaW/C and assist them in designing applicable and sustainable programs.

Concept Attainment Model for Enhancing Conceptual Understanding in Seventh-Grade Students at Junior High School

This research aims to describe the implementation of the Concept Attainment Model in teaching conceptual understanding of quadrilaterals, specifically parallelograms and rectangles. The research subjects were 22 students from grade VII. This study was conducted through two cycles of classroom action research. Each cycle consisted of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting stages. Data collection techniques included observation, concept understanding tests, and interviews. The research results showed that the test scores in cycle 1 and cycle 2 were 67.8 and 78.68, with an increase of 10.88, and the average percentage of students who met the Minimum Mastery Criteria in Cycle 2 was 77.27%. The teacher's success rate in conducting activities in cycle 1 and cycle 2 was 59.54% and 79.54%, respectively, indicating a 20% improvement. Meanwhile, the percentage of students' activity observation results in cycle 1 and cycle 2 was 59.58% and 78.75%, respectively, showing a 19.78% improvement.

Improving Learning Outcomes by Using the STAD Type Cooperative Learning Model

This research was motivated by the phenomenon of low learning outcomes for the History of Islamic Culture in class VII-3 MTsN 3 South Aceh. One of the contributing factors is that teachers still predominantly use the lecture method, so students become bored while learning. To improve student learning achievement, the STAD learning model can be used, among other things. This research uses two cycles of Class Action Research. The research was carried out in semester 2 of the 2019/2020 academic year. The subjects of this research were 23 students in class VII-3 MTsN 3 South Aceh, taken as a total sampling in the research. The data collection techniques used are observation, questionnaires and tests. Meanwhile, data collection instruments use observation sheets, questionnaires and test questions. Data analysis techniques are carried out collaboratively, namely collecting quantitative and qualitative data. The results of the research showed that there was an increase in teacher activity, 79% in the active category, 82.27% in student activity in the very active category, in student learning completion results there was also an increase reaching 82.60% with an average score of 77.60% and student responses of 93.97% in the very good category. This proves that using the STAD learning model in the History of Islamic Culture lesson can improve the learning outcomes of class VII3 MTsN 3 South Aceh students. This research is recommended to fellow teachers so that they can master and try to apply the STAD learning model, so as to create a lively, varied learning atmosphere and is proven to be effective in improving learning outcomes.

Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bernalar Kritis Dengan Metode PBL Materi Makna Dan Paham Gereja Fase F SMK Negeri 2 Pematangsiantar

Education is a basic, planned effort to create a learning atmosphere and learning process. The Indonesian government is making efforts to improve and develop the education system by renewing the curriculum, improving and developing the teaching system by creating a new curriculum, namely the independent curriculum. In the independent curriculum, Catholic religious education focuses on developing religious understanding, Catholic moral and spiritual values. The independent curriculum emphasizes the Pancasila profile. This research focuses on the critical dimensions of reasoning. This research aims to improve critical reasoning skills, increase students' motivation and learning outcomes on the meaning and understanding of the Church in Phase F Class XI TAV-2 SMK Negeri 2 Pematangsiantar, Catholic Religious Education subjects. This research was conducted in the form of classroom action research. This type of research is quantitative research. This research was conducted in two cycles. The classroom action research cycle consists of planning, implementation, observation, observation and reflection. The method used is problem based learning, which prioritizes solving general problems that commonly occur in everyday life. In this learning model, students are expected to be involved in the research process which requires them to identify problems, collect and use data to solve problems to help increase motivation, critical reasoning skills and learning outcomes of students in Phase F Class XI TAV-2 SMK Negeri 2 Pematangsiantar .

Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Pelajaran PAK “Aku Bertumbuh Dan Berkembang Dalam Kebaikan” Menggunakan Metode Problem Based Learning Dengan Media Gambar Dan Video Di Kelas III SD N 155675 Tapian Nauli 3C TAP-TENG

Catholic Religious Education is a field of study that provides teaching about how to behave and act and have adequate knowledge and skills for students, especially Class III students at SD N 155675 Tapian Nauli 3C in living their lives according to the teachings of Jesus Christ. In the context of the Independent Curriculum which emphasizes the Pancasila student profile, researchers emphasize the dimension of independence which is based on the importance of forming strong character and mental attitudes in each student, especially in facing complex global challenges. One learning model that can be applied is Problem Based Learning (PBL) or problem-based learning. The objectives of the research include (1) to determine whether video and image media using the PBL model in class III of SD N 155675 Tapian Nauli 3C Tap-Teng can increase students' learning motivation, (2) to determine the increase in student learning outcomes in PAK lessons in class III SD N 155675 Tapian Nauli 3C Tap-Teng using image and video media. The type of research used is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The analysis and data collection techniques used are by examining data available from various sources, namely; questionnaires, interviews, observations and observation sheets that have been recorded, reported and documented, including tests, portfolios and score lists and have three components, namely: a. Data presentation. b. Data reduction c. Drawing conclusions. From the problems found, the author concludes that through image and video media, student learning outcomes can be improved every time a formative test is held. This research uses two cycles of classroom action research. The target of this research is class III students at SD N 155675 Tapian Nauli 3C. Data was obtained from the results of formative tests, observation sheets of teaching and learning activities. From the results of the analysis, it was found that student learning outcomes had increased from pre-cycle to cycle II after using Image and Video Media. The research implementation process showed good changes in student learning outcomes. The level of achievement of student learning outcomes in pre-cycle class III was (33.33%), after conducting research in cycle I, completeness of class III learning (50%), and in cycle II, completeness of class III learning (91.67%). So, the conclusion of this research is that using Image and Video Media can improve the learning outcomes of class III students at SD N 155675 Tapian Nauli 3C, and using Image and Video Media is an alternative that can be used to achieve more satisfactory student learning outcomes. .

Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Pada Materi Struktur dan Fungsi Bagian Tumbuhan Melalui Metode Diskusi

This study aims to determine the improvement of learning outcomes in Science, specifically on the topic of plant structure and function, for fourth-grade students at SDN 2 Dena through the implementation of the Discussion method. Data were collected from 17 students through two cycles of classroom action research. The results of the study showed a significant improvement in students' learning outcomes between Cycle I and Cycle II, with the class average increasing from 62.65 to 80. This improvement has reached the predetermined target. Additionally, the study revealed that the Discussion method effectively enhances the monitoring of teacher and student actions during the learning process, with the percentage of action monitoring increasing from 65% in Cycle I to 85% in Cycle II. These findings align with previous research indicating that the Discussion method can enhance students' understanding, active participation, and communication skills. The results of this study have important implications for educational practitioners in designing interactive and effective Science instruction to achieve desired learning objectives.

Efforts to Enhance Student Activeness through the Reward and Punishment Model in the Third Grade of Elementary Schools

Student discipline in the learning process is one of the factors that can change student learning outcomes, and so does student activeness. The background of this research was the low activeness of students in the learning process in class. This study aimed to determine student activeness through the reward and punishment model. The method used in this research was classroom action research (CAR) conducted at the State Elementary School 2 Getas Pejaten, Jati Sub-district, Kudus Regency, by taking third-grade students as subjects. A total of 19 students, consisting of 12 male and 7 female students, were involved in these two cycles of classroom action research. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews and observation with eleven indicators of activeness. The study results proved that the application of the reward and punishment model could increase the activeness of third-grade students at the State Elementary School 2 Getas Pejaten from the Pre-Cycle with a percentage of 60.78%, which increased in Cycle I with a presentation of 68.42% to Cycle II with a presentation of 83.73%. The effectiveness of this learning model can be used as a recommendation for class teachers. Hence, it can be concluded that the reward and punishment model can attract students' attention in the learning process.