Cuttlefish Research Articles

Using deep learning to address the security issue in intelligent transportation systems

<p>The lives of people are at risk from security and safety risks with Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), particularly Autonomous Vehicles. In contrast to manual vehicles, the Security of an AV’s computer and communications components may be penetrated using sophisticated hacking methods, preventing us from employing AVs in our daily lives. The Internet of Vehicles, which connects manual automobiles to the Internet, is vulnerable to cyber-attacks such as lack of service, spoofing, sniffer, widespread denial of service and repeat attacks. This paper presents a unique intrusion detection system for ITS, using Enhanced Cuttle Fish Optimized Multiscale Convolution Neural Network (ECFO-MCNN), that uses vehicles to identify networks and infrastructure and detects careful network activity of in-vehicle networks. The primary goal of the suggested strategy is to identify forward events emanating through AVs’ central network gateways. Two benchmark datasets, namely the UNSWNB15 dataset for external network communications and the car hacking dataset for in-vehicle communications, are used to assess the proposed IDS. The evaluation’s findings showed that the performance of our suggested system is superior to that of traditional intrusion detection methods.</p>

Optimal Sizing and Location of Distributed Generators for Power Flow Analysis in Smart Grid Using IAS-MVPA Strategy

In this paper, the optimal distribution generation (DG) size and location for power flow analysis at the smart grid by hybrid method are proposed. The proposed hybrid method is the Interactive Autodidactic School (IAS) and the Most Valuable Player Algorithm (MVPA) and commonly named as IAS-MVPA method. The main aim of this work is to reduce line loss and total harmonic distortion (THD), similarly, to recover the voltage profile of system through the optimal location and size of the distributed generators and optimal rearrangement of network. Here, IAS-MVPA method is utilized as a rectification tool to get the maximum DG size and the maximal reconfiguration of network at environmental load variation. In case of failure, the IAS method is utilized for maximizing the DG location. The IAS chooses the line of maximal power loss as optimal location to place the DG based on the objective function. The fault violates the equality and inequality restrictions of the safe limit system. From the control parameters, the low voltage drift is improved using the MVPA method. The low-voltage deviation has been exploited for obtaining the maximum capacity of the DG. After that, the maximum capacity is used at maximum location that improves the power flow of the system. The proposed system is performed on MATLAB/Simulink platform, and the effectiveness is assessed by comparing it with various existing processes such as generic algorithm (GA), Cuttle fish algorithm (CFA), adaptive grasshopper optimization algorithm (AGOA) and artificial neural network (ANN).

Balıkçılık ve su ürünlerinin Türk dış ticaretine katkısı: Hibrit çok kriterli karar verme yöntemi ile bir değerlendirme

Fisheries and aquaculture industry, which provides a continuous and high-return market advantage to potential countries, is also one of the priority industries for Turkey. Although Turkey has important advantages with its geographic position and bio-diversity, the industry's contribution to foreign trade is not at an acceptable level. Accordingly, it is important to evaluate the capture fishery and aquaculture products, which provide the best contribution to the foreign trade of Turkey. Thus, the present paper aims to provide foreign trade executives with an intuition about the most appropriate products to invest in and contributing products to Turkish foreign trade within the scope of market strategies. Entropy-WASPAS, which is a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making method, is used for evaluating the contribution of fishery and aquaculture products to Turkish foreign trade. This model includes both criteria (production, import quantity, import value, export quantity, export value) and alternatives (trout, sea bream, sea bass, sprat, atlantic bonito, anchovy, horse mackerel, pilchard, sea snail, prawn, cuttle fish, mussel). Entropy is used to determine the criteria weights, and WASPAS is applied for ranking the fishery and aquaculture products. According to the results, export value is the most important criteria while Sea Bream is found as the most significant product for Turkey’s foreign trade.

Marine fisheries and biodiversity management in Maharashtra: Status, challenges and opportunities

Fisheries plays a pivotal role in the economy, food security, foreign exchange earnings and employment of the coastal population. Maharashtra is bestowed with a coastline of 720 km spread over 7 coastal districts, viz. Thane, Palghar, Mumbai city, Mumbai suburban, Raigad, Ratnagiri and Sindhudurg along the Arabian sea with rich marine fishery resources. There are 25 fishing zones in the seven districts with 173 fish landing centres. The total marine fish production from the state during 2018-19 was 4.6 MT valued at `6298 crores (DOF, Government of Maharashtra). The state offers huge potential for the sustainable utilization of the marine bioresources for fisheries, mariculture, coastal aquaculture and post -harvest development and exports. Maharashtra falls under the North- West coast which contributes the highest (32.8%) in the total catch during 2019-20. The major share is contributed by pelagic resources (39%), followed by crustaceans (31%), demersal comprising 22% and molluscs (7%). The prominent species/groupwise landings include non-penaeid shrimp (21%), penaeid shrimp (9%), Bombay duck and croakers (8.2%), Indian mackeral (6.9%), threadfin breams (5.9%), squids (5.1%), ribbon fishes (4.1%), golden anchovy (4%), horse mackerel (3.5%), cuttle fish (2.1%), silver pomfret (2.0%). The trawl fishing accounted for 55%, set bagnet (SBN/Dolnet) 23%, purse seines (15%) and gillnet (7%) (CMFRI Annual Report 2019).

Conservative Class II Foils.

Conservative Class II Foils.

Optimal scheduling of a micro-grid with multi-period islanding constraints using hybrid CFCS technique

This paper proposes an efficient technique for optimum scheduling of micro-grids with multi-period islanding restrictions. The proposed method is joint implementation of Cuttle Fish Algorithm (CFA) and Crow Search Algorithm (CSA); is known CFCS method. Here, the CFA search behavior is modified by the CSA update position. The proposed CFCS system is utilized for optimal scheduling of micro-grid and considerably decreases the calculation load. The main purpose of proposed work is diminish the micro-grid operation cost together with the dispatch-able units operation cost, cost of power transmission as main grid with inconvenience cost recognized with consumers. The cost of power transmission from main phase can be positive or negative based on the flow direction of transmission line linking the microcircuit to main phase. Negative cost that represents an export of power to main grid emerges as economic advantage of micro-grid. Cost of inconvenience implies the penalty of modifiable loads programming outside the time intervals particular by the consumers. Constant penalty factor is utilized for prioritizing loads with respect to operation sensitivity inside the particular time intervals, in which a superior value of the penalty factor implies a least flexible load based on time interval operation settings. The value of the penalty factor is chosen reasonably greater to unit generation cost and market price. In proposed technique, the CFCS is used for establishing the correct program of the MG combinations according to load side power range. The CFCS method, objective function can be defined as system data subject to equality and inequality limitations. At that time, CFCS model is performed at MATLAB/Simulink working platform and performance is estimated to existing techniques.

Comparison of the Model-predicted and Measured Target Strength of Cuttlebones from Golden Cuttlefish Sepia esculenta

Comparison of the Model-predicted and Measured Target Strength of Cuttlebones from Golden Cuttlefish Sepia esculenta

Investigation of Anisakis infections in market-available marine fish in Dongtai City

To understand the situation of Anisakis infection of in market-available marine fish in Dongtai City, so as to provide the evidence for the assessment of the risk of human Anisakis infections. Raw and fresh marine fish caught in the sea of Dongtai City for sale were collected in 2018. The fish were weighted and dissected for the identification of Anisakis, and the prevalence and intensity of Anisakis infections were calculated. In addition, the correlation between the weight of Anisakis-infected marine fish and the infection intensity of Anisakis was examined. There were four species of marine fish infected with Anisakis, including Trichiurus haumela, Scomberomorus niphonius, Pneumatophorus japonicus and Larimichthys polyactis. Among the 149 fish samples, there were 78 with Anisakis infections, with a prevalence rate of 52.35%. The prevalence of Anisakis infection was 100.00% (28/28), 30.00% (9/30), 0 (0/30), 53.33% (16/30) and 80.65% (25/31) in T. haumela, S. niphonius, cuttle fish, P. japonicus and L. polyactis, respectively. A total of 1 049 Anisakis worms were collected, and the overall intensity of infection was 13.45 worms per fish. Spearman correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the weight of T. haumela and the intensity of Anisakis infection (rs = 0.38, P = 0.047), and no correlation was found in other fish species. There is a high rate of Anisakis infection in marine fish along the offshore areas of Dongtai City. Intensification of health education is required and healthy and safe dietary habits are encouranged.

Image Clustering using K-Means on Marine Products

In this study, the researcher collected 360 marine product images consist of red snapper, prawn, silver belly, pomfret, mackerel, cuttle fish, lobster, crab and sardine to conduct try-outs at first. Secondly, images are separated from background for processing. Then from the images features are extracted via Gray Level Concurrence Matrix. Finally images are clustered according to its groupings by K-Means clustering algorithm. Since marine products are consumed by most of populaces regularly because of its health benefits, availability of nutrients and low cost. For that reason all and sundry can buying. This research helps to identify them by their physical appearances. Marine products have eye-catching altered physiognomies which are cherished to extricate and conclude a specific category. These physical appearances comprise of size, shape, texture, and color. This research succeeds 83% accuracy for bunch the images into nine clusters.

Characterising the trophic relationships between cuttlefishes, myctophids and round herring in the Northern Benguela

Round herrings, myctophids, and cuttlefishes are a crucial part of the trophic interactions in the northern Benguela, as they form important trophic linkages between macrozooplankton and predators like hake, horse mackerel, and monk. The main objective of this study was to understand their trophic relationships using stable isotope measurements of their tissues. Tissues from round herring [Etrumeus whiteheadi], Myctophid species [Symbolophorus boops, Lampanyctodes hectoris, Diaphus hudsoni, Lampanyctus australis, Diaphus meadi], and cuttlefishes [Sepia australis and Sepia elegans] specimens were collected off Namibia. There were little variations in nitrogen stable isotopes (δ15N) values among these species, an indication that they fed at similar trophic positions. The trophic levels ranged from 2.51 to 3.00, an indication of their zooplanktivorous feeding habits. Among these species S. boops fed at a relatively higher trophic level, while L. hectoris fed at the lowest trophic level. Diaphus hudsoni had the lowest carbon stable isotope (δ13C) values and E. whiteheadi the highest. Significant differences were observed in δ13C values between most species, suggesting significant variations in their carbon sources. Isotope-based metrics showed overlapping trophic niches, with S. boops having a significantly broader niche. Our observations support the hypothesis that although these forage species have overlapping trophic niches, there are pronounced differences in the carbon sources of their prey.

Adaptive technique for PQ analysis in renewable sources with grid integrated SSFC

In power quality (PQ) problems, the flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices have been developed the real power and reducing the PQ issues of the power system. Here the PQ analysis in photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT) system with grid integrated static switched filter compensator (SSFC) is controlled by adaptive technique. The adaptive technique works with the combined process of Cuttle fish algorithm (CFA) and recurrent neural network (RNN) algorithm. The proposed adaptive technique is controlling the irregular switching process of the shunt capacitor banks of a tuned arm filter in SSFC device. The novelty of the proposed technique is improved for energy efficiency and demand management in grid utilization process. Here a power injection model of SSFC is considered to control the real power flow control in terms of grid utilization. The switching process is controlled by balancing control signal generated with the help of pulse width modulation (PWM) process. To modulate the PWM is used by two regulators, which is based on a tri-loop real error managed combined weighted adjusted proportional integral derivative controller. The proposed SSFC system is designed and implemented in MATLAB/Simulink platforms and the performance is validated with some existing devices such as unified power flow controller and SSFC devices.

Dreamy cuttlefish

Dreamy cuttlefish

Seagrass and cuttlefish—an historic association

Seagrass and cuttlefish—an historic association

Cuttlefish really know how to fight for their gals, rare video shows

Cuttlefish really know how to fight for their gals, rare video shows

Bio-prospecting of cuttle fish waste and cow dung for the production of fibrinolytic enzyme from Bacillus cereus IND5 in solid state fermentation.

The process parameters governing the production of fibrinolytic enzyme in solid state fermentation employing Bacillus cereus IND5 and using cuttle fish waste and cow dung substrate were optimized. The pH value of the medium, moisture content, sucrose, casein and magnesium sulfate were considered for two-level full factorial design and pH, casein and magnesium sulfate were identified as the important factors for fibrinolytic enzyme production. Central composite design was applied to investigate the interactive effect among variables (pH, casein and magnesium sulfate) and response surface plots were created to find the pinnacle of process response. The optimized levels of factors were pH 7.8, 1.1% casein and 0.1% magnesium sulfate. Enzyme production was increased 2.5-fold after statistical approach. The enzyme was purified up to a specific activity of 364.5 U/g proteins and its molecular weight was 47 kDa. It was stable at pH 8.0 and was highly active at 50 °C. The mixture of cuttle fish waste and cow dung could find great application as solid substrate for the production of fibrinolytic enzyme.

Reproductive Behavior and Embryonic Development of the Pharaoh Cuttlefish, Sepia pharaonis (Cephalopoda: Sepiidae).

Mong-Fong Lee, Chun-Yen Lin, Chuan-Chin Chiao, and Chung-Cheng Lu (2016) The pharaoh cuttlefish, Sepia pharaonis, is one of the most important cephalopod fishery species in southeastern Asia. In the present study, we described their reproductive behavior and characterized their embryonic development. Sperm competition during mating was high in S. pharaonis; therefore, consort males always escorted their mates after pairing, although sneaker males were frequently observed. Their egg-laying behavior can be divided into three phases. Females first retracted and bent their arms into a fist-like posture to spawn eggs. They then extended their arms forward and used funnels to blow the spawning ground. Finally, they extended their arms again to deposit eggs onto appropriate substrata. Based on the characteristics of the embryos, a set of easily distinguished criteria was developed to define 30 stages of embryonic development. This classification scheme was consistent with that of S. officinalis. The present study provided an important basis for future investigations of the reproductive biology and aquaculture in the pharaoh cuttlefish, S. pharaonis.

Animal behaviour: Cuttlefish can count.

Animal behaviour: Cuttlefish can count.

A boom in octopuses and cuttlefish

A boom in octopuses and cuttlefish

Microbiological Quality Assessment of Frozen Fish and Fish Processing Materials from Bangladesh.

The present study aims at the microbiological analysis of export oriented frozen fishes, namely, Jew fish, Tongue Sole fish, Cuttle fish, Ribbon fish, Queen fish, and fish processing water and ice from a view of public health safety and international trade. Microbiological analysis includes the determination of total viable aerobic count by standard plate count method and enumeration of total coliforms and fecal coliforms by most probable number method. The presence of specific fish pathogens such as Salmonella spp. and Vibrio cholerae were also investigated. The TVAC of all the samples was estimated below 5 × 105 cfu/g whereas the total coliforms and fecal coliforms count were found below 100 MPN/g and 10 MPN/g, respectively, which meet the acceptable limit specified by International Commission of Microbiological Specification for Food. The microbiological analysis of water and ice also complies with the specifications having TVAC < 20 cfu/mL, and total coliforms and fecal coliforms count were below the limit detection of the MPN method. Specific fish pathogens such as Salmonella sp. and V. cholerae were found absent in all the samples under the investigation. From this study, it can be concluded that the investigated frozen fishes were eligible for export purpose and also safe for human consumption.

When cuttlefish hold their breath, they become nearly invisible to sharks

When cuttlefish hold their breath, they become nearly invisible to sharks