Cutter Knife Research Articles

RESPON PRODUKSI TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) TERHADAP BOKASHI KOTORAN SAPI DAN PUPUK ROCK FOSFAT PADA MEDIA GAMBUT

The development of shallot cultivation in Riau needs to be done by optimizing peatlands. However, problems such as low pH and low nutrient availability need to be addressed. The use of cow manure bokashi can increase the availability of soil nutrients and the addition of P fertilizer from rock phosphate is expected to increase the availability of P in peat soil. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of cow manure bokashi and rock phosphate fertilizer in increasing the production of shallot plants in peat media. This research was carried out at the UIR Experimental Garden, Pekanbaru, from September to December 2022. The materials used in this study were Brebes shallot seedlings, cow manure bokashi, rock phosphate, urea, KCl. The tools used in the research included hoes, tape measure, cutter knife, analytical scales, camera and stationery. The research method used a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor was the dose of cow manure bokashi with 4 treatment levels: without cow manure bokashi, 40, 80 and 120 g/polybag Bokashi cow manure. The second factor was the dose of rock phosphate fertilizer with 4 treatment levels: 0, 0.8 g/polybag, 1.6, 2.4 g/polybag. Each experimental unit was repeated 3 times. Observational data were analyzed statistically and further tested for HSD the 5% level. Application of cow manure bokashi with rock phosphate can increase shallot production. Application of cow manure bokashi 80 g/polybag with rock phosphate dose of 2.4 g/polybag increased the wet and dry shallot bulb weight.

Kinematic analysis of the movement of the active knife cutter of chicory roots

Chicory roots are a valuable technical and strategically important crop for the leading sectors of the Ukrainian economy. The processing of raw materials from chicory roots allows to obtain energy (biofuel), food (coffee) and pharmaceutical (inulin) products. The low level of mechanization of harvesting root crops and, especially, harvesting both chicory and chicory root crops (significant losses, damage) does not allow to provide the needs of raw materials for its processing, or the necessary provision of the food industry of the Ukrainian economy and the fodder base of animal husbandry due to an increase in the amount of use root crops of chicory. One of the reserves for improving the performance of machines for harvesting chicory root crops is the improvement of the technological process of harvesting ginseng through the use of improved main working organs – a rotary ginseng cutter and a cutter of ginseng residues from the heads of root crops. The purpose of the work is to increase the indicators of the technological process of harvesting chicory root crops by developing and substantiating the parameters of the cutter's working organs. On the basis of the conducted theoretical analysis of the process of movement of the active cutter knife along the head of the root crop, analytical dependencies were developed that functionally describe the process of movement of the active cutter knife along the root crop head, which made it possible to substantiate the main structural and kinematic parameters of the active cutter knife. It has been established that the working length of the active knife of the cutter of the remains of burdock from the heads of root crops is in the range from 0.25 to 0.3 m, provided that the maximum permissible deviation of the vertical axis of the root crop from the axis of the row at the speed of movement of the burdock harvesting module is from 1.6 to 2.2 m /s and the speed of movement of the cutting edge of the blade of the active knife in the range from 0.3 to 0.8 m/s.

Efficacy of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum inactivation using ultraviolet C light-emitting diodes: Investigation of inactivation efficacy toward planktonic and biofilm cells on the stainless steel surfaces of cutting machines

The presence of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (P. carotovorum) in kimchi cabbage (Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis) negatively influences kimchi quality. Accordingly, inactivation processes to effectively control spoilage caused by plant bacteria, including P. carotovorum, are crucial for extending the shelf life of kimchi. In this regard, ultraviolet C light-emitting diode (UVC-LED) technologies are increasingly attracting attention as non-thermal and non-contact sterilization technologies and are also considered as alternatives to chemical disinfectants. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of the inactivation of P. carotovorum planktonic and biofilm cells that cause cabbage soft rot disease using the UVC-LED treatment technology as a potential disinfection method for a safe kimchi manufacturing process. A biofilm was formed on the surface of a stainless-steel cutter knife using the recommended CDC biofilm reactor system and thereafter, exposed to a range of UVC-LED intensities. Our results indicated that P. carotovorum planktonic and biofilm cells to UVC-LED irradiation at 9.0 mJ/cm2 resulted in >5.0 and >2.0 log10 inactivation, respectively. Additionally, the P. carotovorum planktonic and biofilm cell inactivation kinetics fitted the non-linear reduction curve. The UVC-LED treatment was also found to be highly efficient in eliminating planktonic cells, showing consistency with the Weibull and Weibull tailing models for planktonic cells.

Research on Cutting Angle Design Optimization of Rubber Cutter Based on Discrete Element Method

This paper focuses on obtaining fundamental data for optimizing the design of intelligent equipment for cutting natural rubber and its key components. It uses natural rubber bark as the research subject and employs specific experimental apparatus to measure the physical properties and contact coefficients of the rubber bark. The discrete element method, along with the Hertz–Mindlin model featuring bonding contacts, are employed to create a discrete element model of natural rubber bark. Parameters are calibrated, and model validation is performed. Subsequently, a one-factor simulation test is conducted to assess various cutting angles of the rubber cutter knife. A secondary Fourier fitting is applied to fit the curve to the average shear force values obtained from the simulation. The results indicate that the lowest average shear force, at 84.345 N, occurs within the range of cutting angles between 25° and 30°. The corresponding optimal cutting angle is 29.294°, suggesting that cutting with low resistance can be achieved at this angle, leading to reduced power consumption. Following a statistical analysis of field rubber-cutting tests conducted in a forest setting, it was found that the average power consumption for rubber-cutting operations under the optimal cutting angle is 0.96 W·h. Additionally, the volume of rubber discharged in the initial 5 min period is 6.53 mL. These findings hold significant importance for guiding the optimization and enhancement of the design of intelligent equipment for cutting natural rubber and its key components.

Penerapan lean manufacturing dalam mereduksi pemborosan pada raw material bumbu dengan metode PDCA

PT. XYZ is a manufacturing company that produces processed food. Instant noodles is one of the type product that produced by PT. XYZ, which contains raw material for spice as one of the main complementary material. This research focused on the waste of raw material for instant noodles seasoning. The purpose of this research is to reduce the waste and to determine which factors that cause waste. This study using Plan Do Check Action method which is expected to reduce waste that occurs within the company. The highest waste within 18 days of production was 15.28%, the lowest was -2.3% and there was no waste, and the average waste during that period was 3.2%. the result of the highest and dominant factor in the waste of raw material was the lack of skill of the operator was just moved from screw division, thus they didn’t know how to operate machine. While the second factor was the lack of maintenance of the machine by quality control departement for pitch standardization. And the third factor was the cutter knife didn’t really cut because of the cutter block.

Effect of some Engineering Factors on The Fish Silage Making تأثیر بعض العوامل الهندسیة على تصنیع سیلاج الأسماک

The study aims to effect of engineering factors, types of fish waste and types of acid on fish minced to make acid silage met the criteria of low cost and low technology process. The results of experiment (1) showed that, the best treatment for making fish silage was the treatment (conical cutter knife, die of 3 mm diameter and mixing between tilapia fingerlings and catfish), because it gave the highest soluble solids content (14g/100g minced fish), as well as obtaining silage with a high degree of smoothness, which helps the speed of action of the enzymes liquefaction silage. The results of experiment (2) also showed that, the best results when using mineral acid to acidify the silage mixture was obtained with sulfuric acid. These acids produce higher soluble solid content (10.2 g/100g minced fish) and there is little loss of total solid about (1.52 %). The best results when using organic acid was obtained with acetic acid. These acids produce higher soluble solid content (12.3 g/100g minced fish) and there is little loss of total solid about (7.82 %). The best results when using mineral-organic acid combination was produced using sulfuric-acetic acid combination and produced the highest soluble solids content (17g/ 100g minced fish) and loss of total solids about (5 %). The studies indicate that, in general, a good acid silage should be made by adding 3.5 % combination between sulfuric acid and acetic acid until the pH of 4 keeping the mixture at 33 °C for 30 days.

Improving the efficiency of tilling the soil for combine harvesting potatoes

The article deals with the problem of reducing the content of clods in the soil, in order to prepare it for combine harvesting potatoes. To do this, we proposed a soil-tilling rotary plow with a serrated knife shape. Tillage machines with active working bodies provide high quality tillage before planting, creating the conditions for the efficient cultivation of potatoes. The article also presents the results of a study of the influence of the cutter knife length, the milling drum rotation speed and the number of knives on the amount of the soil crumbling. The research program is presented, as well as the levels and intervals of factors variation are presented. Based on the research results, the regression equation was obtained and analyzed, which reflects in a coded form the influence of significant factors on the degree of soil crumbling. Theoretical background was verified by fi eld studies of the proposed rotary plow with a serrated knife profi le on the fi elds of Belaya Dacha Farming LLC, Tambov District, Tambov Region. Testing of a soil-tilling rotary plow with a serrated profi le of knives was carried out during the soil loosening after harvesting barley. Soil moisture content was 17.3–20.9 %, hardness was 0.8–1.8 MPa, soil density was 0.9–1.0 g/cm3 . The average height of plant and crop residues was 20 cm. From the results of the agrotechnical appraisal, it is clear that when processing the depth of 11.6 cm, the quality of crumbling was satisfactory, the density of the cultivation layer was 1.10 g/cm3 , which meets the agrotechnical requirements for the maturation of potatoes. Weed plants are pruned completely. The height of the ridges was 1.54–1.62 cm. In heavy soils, the combines began to work easier, the heap became clean from clods and damage to tubers was reduced. When combineharvesting potatoes, their productivity in the prepared area by rotatilling increased by almost 25 %. The amount of soil impurities in the hopper decreases by 35–40 %.

PERANCANGAN KONTROL ROBOT PEMOTONG RUMPUT

To open a new land, it is necessary to clear land from grass plants that surround the land, so we need to cut grass quickly. If you still use traditional equipment, the work will be long and require a lot of workers to complete it. So the author here makes a machine or robot that can later finish cutting the grass quickly and also does not require many workers even though the land is so vast. This robot is controlled by a voice command so that the robot can move in accordance with the commands we take to the smartphone. As long as the robot moves forward, turn, turn left and turn right then the grass cutter knife will spin to cut the grass. The results of this study are a prototype / miniature of a lawn mower robot that has been tried by cutting grass but on a mini scale because it is still the initial model of the system that will be planned to be real for future research

Clutch Cutter knife efficacy in endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric neoplasms.

AIMTo compare the outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for gastric neoplasms using Clutch Cutter (ESD-C) or other knives (ESD-O).METHODSThis was a single-center retrospective study. Gastric neoplasms treated by ESD between April 2016 and October 2017 at Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center were reviewed. Multivariate analyses and propensity score matching were used to reduce biases. Covariates included factors that might affect outcomes of ESD, including age, sex, underlying disease, anti-thrombotic drugs use, tumor location, tumor position, tumor size, tumor depth, tumor morphology, tumor histology, ulcer (scar), and operator skill. The treatment outcomes were compared among two groups. The primary outcome was ESD procedure time. Secondary outcomes were en bloc, complete, and curative resection rates, and adverse events rates including perforation and delayed bleeding.RESULTSA total of 155 patients were included in this study; 44 pairs were created by propensity score matching. Background characteristics were quite similar among two groups after matching. Procedure time was significantly shorter for ESD-C (median; 49 min) than for ESD-O (median; 88.5 min) (P < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in treatment outcomes between ESD-C and ESD-O including en bloc resection rate (100% in both groups), complete resection rate (100% in both groups), curative resection rate (86.4% vs 88.6%, P = 0.730), delayed bleeding (2.3% vs 6.8%, P = 0.62) and perforation (0% in both groups).CONCLUSIONESD-C achieved shorter procedure time without an increase in complication risk. Therefore, ESD-C could become an effective ESD option for gastric neoplasms.

Sa1919 CLUTCH CUTTER KNIFE IMPROVES THE SAFETY OF ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION AMONG NOVICES

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a method of resecting gastrointestinal lesions that allows for curative en bloc resection of large, flat lesions. However, ESD is technically challenging and difficult to learn. The risk of perforation remains a significant barrier to its widespread usage. Unlike conventional ESD knives, the Clutch Cutter knife allows for tissue grasping prior to electrosurgical incision, helping improve cut precision. We aimed to determine whether use of the Clutch Cutter improved safety among novice performers of ESD. We prospectively studied gastroenterology trainees and staff without experience in ESD. Participants performed ESD on an ex-vivo porcine stomach model. We compared the differences in ESD performance using the Clutch Cutter and a conventional knife (Hook knife). Participants were provided a brief theoretical introduction to ESD. A short hands-on session to practice using the knives in the animal model followed. Participants then performed circumferential incision and submucosal dissection of two, 2 cm (diameter) marked and submucosally lifted lesions. One excision was performed with the Clutch Cutter and the other with the conventional knife. Participants were individually randomized to use a certain knife first. We recorded adverse events (including full-thickness perforation, target sign, and unintentional incision), procedure time, and successful en bloc resection for each dissection. Continuous variables were compared using paired t-test; categorical variables were compared using Chi-squared analysis. P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Seven endoscopists (5 trainees and 2 staff) participated in this study. Prior endoscopic experience ranged from 430-5000 (median 726) endoscopies, but all participants were novice to performing ESD. Compared to the conventional knife, use of the Clutch Cutter was associated with a significantly lower rate of perforation or target sign (14.3% vs. 71.4%, P=0.031), and unintentional incision (0% vs. 85.7%, P=0.001) (Table 1). All perforations and target signs in both groups were incurred during submucosal dissection. When compared to the conventional knife, use of the Clutch Cutter was associated with a trend towards longer time to completion of circumferential incision (median 18 min vs. 8 min, P=0.112), but shorter time to completion of submucosal dissection (median 3 min vs. 15 min, P=0.094). The total procedure time was not significantly different between use of the Clutch Cutter and conventional knife (median 23 min vs. 20 min, P=0.738). Among novices performing ESD on an animal model, use of the Clutch Cutter knife was associated with a significantly lower rate of adverse events without prolonging procedure time. Based on limited data, the Clutch Cutter appears to improve ESD safety, at least among learners.Tabled 1Outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection using the Clutch Cutter and a conventional knife.Clutch Cutter (n=7)Conventional knife (n=7)P-valueAdverse eventsPerforation14.3% (1/7)28.6% (2/7)0.094Target sign14.3% (1/7)57.1% (4/7)0.031Perforation or target sign14.3% (1/7)71.4% (5/7)0.031Unintentional incision0% (0/7)85.7% (6/7)0.001Median no. unintentional incision per resection02 (IQR 1-3)0.036Time to initial incision (sec)150 (IQR 36, 220)22 (IQR 15, 65)0.071Circumferential incision time (min)18 (IQR 11, 20)8 (IQR 2, 9)0.112Submucosal dissection time (min)3 (IQR 2, 14)15 (IQR 7, 18)0.094Total procedure time (min)23 (IQR 17, 38)20 (IQR 14, 24)0.738En bloc resection100% (7/7)71.4% (5/7)0.127IQR, interquartile range Open table in a new tab

Modeling the operation of a screw L-shaped knife of a tiller

During the operation, standard L-shaped knives are exposed to various loads. The shape of the L-shaped knife blades does not meet the requirement of performing sliding cutting, which leads to an increase in the energy intensity of milling the soil. To ensure optimal cutting conditions without weed-covering and knife blocking, it is necessary that in any section of the blade (in the plane of rotation) the angle of its setting у (cutting) is constant. Therefore, the blade of the knife should be made on a screw line, which will ensure its smooth entry and sliding cutting when moving in the soil. The purpose of the study is to improve the quality and reduce the energy consumption of soil cultivation by selecting a rational angle for installing the blade and optimizing the parameters of the screwed L-shaped cutter blades. To study the work and the loading process of the screw L-shaped cutter knife, the finite element method was used from the APM FEM application library of the KOMPAS-3D system. The design of the knife was broken into elements to show their movements and deformations through the displacements of the boundary points (knots) of the element, then the nodal displacements, deformations and stresses were determined. In the course of the study, the dependence of the values of linear displacements and stress values was studied depending on the angle of installation of the knife blade (у = 35° ... 60°). The results of the study showed that as the angle of the blade was increased to у = 60 °, the total linear displacements decreased by 18 % reaching 0,6978 mm, compared to у = 35 ° (0,8455 mm) at a maximum load of 2000 N. The knife with an installation angle у = 60° has safety factor values higher than a knife with у = 35° for all load stages (500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 N). The screw knife with a large installation angle is most suitable for milling soil with slip, which is typical for sod processing. As a result of the research it was proposed to use knives with a screw working surface for milling the soil with high quality.

A Method of Explosive Forming Process for Making a Palm and a Back of Human Hand

t is well known as an important merit of the explosive forming process that the delicate figure of the die surface is precisely transferred onto the specimen of a thin metal plate, because the plate is strongly pressed against the die by the very high pressure of underwater shock wave. However, we cannot find any examples of work pieces making the best use of the merit in literatures until now. We tried to form explosively a thin copper plate into shapes of a palm and a back of human hand, as a work piece making the best use of the merit. The palm has many small delicate lines such as fingerprints and the back has interesting figures such as loose skin at the joints of fingers and the borders of fingernails. The object of the present investigation is to make work pieces just like to a real hand. In this investigation, the following process is adopted in order to perform successfully explosive forming ; real hand plaster concave model convex model of Duplicone (material for dental impression) die of Ren Cast (a kind of epoxy resin) explosive forming. Annealed copper plates of 0.3 mm thick were used in the experiments. Since the extension limit of the plate is not so large, the plate is apt to be broken. If the plate is broken, the die is modified not to break the plate. Though the die made of epoxy resin is too hard to be modified, the plaster model can be easily modified with a cutter knife or a chisel. The modified die is obtained through model of Duplicone made by using the modified plaster model. After a few times of repeating modification, the breakage of plate was scarcely produced. On the work piece of palm, a lot of small lines including finger prints clearly appeared and the work piece of the back showed the shape just like to real human hand.

Analisis Kecepatan Maju Traktor dan Putaran Pisau Pemotong Pada Pengeprasan Tebu Ratoon

Analysis on Forward Speed of Tractor and The Spin of Cutter Knife on Ratoon Sugarcane Stubble ShaverABSTRACT. Cultivating ratoon sugarcane by using a stubble shaver conducted on sugarcane cultivation could save the cost of production. A good cultivation could be done by cutting the rest of the plant to the ground. The tool that commonly used was a hoe and a stubble shaver. Revitalization program that included the production of mechanical tools, in addition to providing lucrative benefits in the production business, on the other hand also had weaknesses in some aspects. To improve the quality and efficiency of the tool functions required the development and improvement tools. For example, the development and improvement efforts on tools sugarcane stubble shaver. Therefore, it still needed to conduct research on sugarcane stubble shaver machines to improve productivity especially in the cultivation of ratoon sugarcane stubble by improving the quality of results that would not break the ratoon sugarcane. The purpose of this study was to analyze the forward speed of the tractor and the blade rotation speed of ratoon sugarcane.

DEVELOPMENT OF A LOCAL SINGLE SCREW EXTRUDER FOR PRODUCING EXPNDED BREAKFAST CREAL

Extrusion cooking has been used in industries for many years to produce various types of human foods and animal feeds. Twin screw extrusion used for the production of expanded breakfast cereal. This work aimed to develop a local single screw extruder to produce the breakfast cereal by modifying extruder die and cutter knife units. The performance of the developed extruder was studied as a function of change in the physical and mechanical factors affecting the shear in extrusion barrel such as screw speed of( 354and 438 RPM) , the clearance between the last screw unit and die of (3,10 and 20mm), number of holes in the die (1,3,6 and 9 holes) as mechanical factors and formula moisture content of (19,24 and 29%w.b.) as physical factors . Results indicated that the most effective operating range for these parameters was 438 rpm, 3 mm, 6 holes and 24%w.b., respectively, which led to an extruder productivity of 253.56 kg/h, specific mechanical energy (SME) of 67kW.h/ton and good product quality with 0.716 g/cm3 product bulk density, 93.18 %durability, 1.63 expansion ratio and 41.83% cereal water absorption.

보통형 콤바인 부착용 유채 예취장치 개발(I) - 시작기 설계 및 제작 -

Bio-diesel applications seem to be extended due to bio-diesel policies and changes of agricultural environment. This study was conducted to develop a rapeseed reaping equipment attachable to the conventional combine. This paper was intended to report concept design, process and manufacturing of the prototype rapeseed reaping equipment. For concept design, physical properties of SUNMANG, which is a typical rapeseed as bio-diesel materials, were considered. The designed prototype rapeseed reaping equipment consisted of wide-width plates, finger type knifes, side cutter knifes and drive equipments. The wide-width plate is 2.1 m wide, 0.7 m long, and 0.002 m thick. The finger type cutter knifes have 14.5 fingers, 30 knifes, and the specification was 7.6 cm of pitch, 8.3 cm of length and of cutting angle. The side cutter knifes consisted of a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor, a flow control and a relief valve, a hydraulic hose, a driving equipment and a reciprocating cutter knife. The 18 reciprocating cutter knifes were 137 cm long and knife pitch, knife length and cutting angle were 7.7 cm, 10.5 cm, and . Prototype weight of the rapeseed reaping equipment was heavier by 272 kg when compared with the manual reaping equipments. Load distributions of left and right side showed 50% and 49%, and those of front and rear side showed 64% and 36%. Static turn-over angles in left and right of the prototype were and , respectively. The designed prototype rapeseed reaping equipment was properly mounted at the front of a conventional combine.

Simulation of induction hardening of flat surfaces of moving massive elements

In this paper, the simulation of induction heating and hardening of flat surfaces of a moving charge have been considered, taking as examples a steel cutter knife and a grey cast iron lathe bed. The inverse method for determining charge material parameters was presented. The simulation of an inductor-charge system supplied by a series transistor inverter has been considered. The simplified 3D model of a moving inductor-charge system for determining inductor-charge parameters has been tested.

An iterative sequential heuristic procedure to a real-life 1.5-dimensional cutting stock problem

This paper addresses a real-life 1.5D cutting stock problem, which arises in a make-to-order plastic company. The problem is to choose a subset from the set of stock rectangles to be used for cutting into a number of smaller rectangular pieces so as to minimize total production cost and meet orders. The total production cost includes not only material wastage, as in traditional cutting stock problems, but also production time. A variety of factors are taken into account, like cutter knife changes, machine restrictions, due dates and other work in progress limitations. These restrictions make the combinatorial structure of the problem more complex. As a result, existing algorithms and mathematical models are no longer appropriate. Thus we developed a new 1.5D cutting stock model with multiple objectives and multi-constraints and solve this problem in an incomplete enumerative way. The computational results show that the solution procedure is easy to implement and works very well.

Close contact

This article presents a cutter knife for synchronous and asynchronous cutters with scissors-cutting technique. A well-known design is using mechanically coupled cutters to provide synchronous motion of cutter cylinders, The cutting cylinders are braced by torsional force. The contact force between the knives has to be adjusted by a couple of adjusting devices (e.g., screws). It is necessary to readjust the equipment rather often for maintenance reasons. An improvement of this situation would be appreciated by the printing and foil production industries. A cutter distance sensor with good performance is required to introduce separately controlled servo drives in cutter knives. The test results obtained by test samples of the proposed sensor show that all information necessary for adapting the control structure and control parameters can be obtained by the proposed sensor concept. This type of sensor enables further progress in industrial drive applications, which leads to more replacement of mechanical designs by servo drives with flexible control.

Computer simulation of induction hardening of moving flat charge

The computer simulation of the process of induction surface hardening based on the example of cutter knife hardening is presented. For the two-dimensional (2-D) arrangement, the total system containing inductor, moving charge, cooling system, and energy source as a series bridge transistor inverter has been simulated. The source parameters (voltage and frequency) depend on the load parameters obtained by numerical calculations of the coupled fields. For the 3-D model, the influence of the inductor-charge arrangement on the temperature distribution near the charge edge has been estimated.

ファントムアームに対する同期的刺激によって生じる身体感覚の錯覚について

Artificially evoked somatosensory illusion was investigated. Using synchronized stimulation to the Phantom arm, duration of the illusion and positioning error were measured. Emotional effects of the cutter knife on illusionary sensation were discussed.