Cut Waste Research Articles

Effect of Clay Composition and Human Haircut Waste on Mechanical Properties Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resin Composites

The impact of human haircut waste and the nature of clay soil on the mechanical characteristics of epoxy resin composites has been studied. This study utilizes clay sourced from Wonosari Village, Deli Serdang Regency. The clay was pulverized using a pestle and mortar until it reached a smooth consistency. It is then filtered through a 200 mesh screen and subjected to drying in an oven at a temperature of 105℃ for around 3 h until the water content is completely evaporated. Finally, the dried clay stored in a desiccator. The clay powder was subjected to ball milling for 40 h at 350 rpm. The resulting particle size, determined by particle size analysis (PSA), was found at 0.764 µm. Next, the human haircut waste obtained from the surrounding campus of Universitas Sumatera Utara was prepared by separating the hair from fine hair and washing it clean. Clay soil powder and human hair cut waste are used as fillers, and some variations of epoxy resin mixtures are used. Morphological SEM analysis shows that clay and human haircut waste can be distributed evenly on epoxy resin composites. Testing of water absorption and mechanical properties of the board based on SNI 01-449-2006 standards include the test of dry bending strength (MoR) and the mode of flexural elasticity (MoE) obtained the optimum composition (50: 50: 1: 1) g against the epoxy resin mixture, waste human haircut, and clay soil obtained the water absorption test results of 1.64% with a value of MoE 36789.03 kgf /cm2 and a value of MoR 664,41 kgf/cm2. Test results of mechanical properties and water absorption have fulfilled the SNI 01-449-2006 quality standards for composite boards.

Harvesting sustainability: assessing Industry 4.0 in agri-food supply chains

PurposeThe agri-food industry is experiencing a revolutionary shift due to the introduction of Industry 4.0 technologies to improve efficiency, transparency and sustainability. The importance of agri-food supply chains (AFSC) in promoting sustainability is expanding as the globe struggles with issues including resource scarcity, climate change and population growth. In order to better understand how Industry 4.0 might improve sustainability in a world that is changing quickly, this work aims to focus on identifying various sustainability assessment factors influencing AFSC to increase overall sustainability, minimize resource consumption, cut waste and streamline operations.Design/methodology/approachImportant sustainability assessment factors are identified from the past academic literature and are then validated using the fuzzy-Delphi method. A method called decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) is used to examine and analyze structural models with complex causal linkages. The results are then validated using sensitivity analysis.FindingsThe factors that emerged as the highest ranked for evaluating the sustainability of Industry 4.0 in AFSC are market competitiveness, and knowledge and skill development, followed by resource efficiency. Industry 4.0 technologies are essential for increasing the marketability of agricultural products because of the major implications of market competitiveness. The significance of knowledge and skill development draws attention to Industry 4.0’s contribution to the promotion of chances for farmers and agricultural employees to increase their capability.Practical implicationsBy outlining the nexus between Industry 4.0 technologies and sustainability, the study presents a comprehensive framework that would be relevant for researchers, policymakers and industry stakeholders who want to leverage Industry 4.0 technology to build more sustainable AFSC in the future. The study findings can help the farmers or producers make sensible choices that adhere to sustainability standards and guarantee long-term financial viability.Originality/valueThe originality of this work lies in the identification of sustainability assessment factors especially for AFSC in the era of digitalization which has not been discussed previously.

Greening the economic recovery: Natural resource market efficiency as a key driver

China, the most populous nation on earth and a significant force in the world economy, faced the difficult task of balancing environmental sustainability and economic prosperity. To better understand how the efficiency of the natural resource market contributes to economic growth and environmental sustainability, this study looks at China from 2009 to 2019. A Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model is utilized to assess the effectiveness of China's natural resource markets over the past ten years. The study's findings demonstrate the critical role that market efficiency plays in recovering the green economy. China managed to attain environmental sustainability and economic growth through effective resource allocation. The study emphasizes how crucial it is to implement legislative measures that boost resource efficiency and cut waste. During the studied period, China's attempts to balance environmental concerns and economic growth produced positive results, showing that effective resource management can lead to sustainable development.

The Path to Smart Farming: Innovations and Opportunities in Precision Agriculture

Precision agriculture employs cutting-edge technologies to increase agricultural productivity while reducing adverse impacts on the environment. Precision agriculture is a farming approach that uses advanced technology and data analysis to maximize crop yields, cut waste, and increase productivity. It is a potential strategy for tackling some of the major issues confronting contemporary agriculture, such as feeding a growing world population while reducing environmental effects. This review article examines some of the latest recent advances in precision agriculture, including the Internet of Things (IoT) and how to make use of big data. This review article aims to provide an overview of the recent innovations, challenges, and future prospects of precision agriculture and smart farming. It presents an analysis of the current state of precision agriculture, including the most recent innovations in technology, such as drones, sensors, and machine learning. The article also discusses some of the main challenges faced by precision agriculture, including data management, technology adoption, and cost-effectiveness.

Method of forecasting quality indicators of coal within the mining area

Purpose. Increasing the reliability of forecasting quality indicators of mined coal depending on the mining and geological conditions of its occurrence. The methods. Applied analytical and calculation methods of research, in particular simulations-not modeling, methods of statistical analysis. The Auto-Cad automated design and drawing system was used to create a three-dimensional model of the explored part of the reservoir, and the Google Collaboratory virtual computer laboratory with additional libraries was used to calculate mathematical dependencies. Findings. A methodology for determining the operational ash content of mined coal has been developed, taking into account the change in the hypsometry of the formation, its geological capacity, and the parent ash content of the coal. A regression analysis of the mining and geological parameters of the stratum c42 of the Samarska mine of PJSC DTEK Pavlogradvu-hill was carried out, as a result of which mathematical and simulation models of its stratum were created. A heatmap diagram of changes in operational ash content within its boundaries was constructed for a specific mining pillar. It was established that at the beginning of the development of the pillar, coal with an operational ash content of 25-27% will be mined and will gradually decrease to 21%. The average ash content within the excavation column is 24%. The reserves of coal that will be produced during the development of the pillar and the volumes of cut waste rock have been determined. The originality. A methodology for determining quality indicators is proposed depending on the mining and geological parameters of the deposit and the technological parameters of its development. The dependence of the operational ash content of the coal seam being developed on the parameters of its occurrence and parent ash content has been established. Practical implementation. The developed technique allows to quickly determine the quality indicators of coal and the parameters of its occurrence at various points of the mining pillar, which ensures the validity of technological and technical decisions related to its development.

Study on Fibre Reinforced Composites Developed by using Recycled Fibres from Garment Cut Waste

Garment cut wastes from apparel industries are used for various applications in various industries. Normally garment cut wastes and recycled fibres from garment cut wastes are used in textile, furniture, carpet, paper, automobile, construction, and agricultural industries in low mechanical performance applications. In this research, composites are developed by using recycled fibres obtained from garment cut wastes as reinforcement and with different types of matrices. Recycled fibres used as reinforcements are obtained from garment cut wastes of cotton, polyester and cotton/polyester fabrics to develop these composites. These composites are developed by using Epoxy resin, Kaolinite, Polypropylene sheet as matrices. Reinforcements and matrices have used in different compositions and combinations to develop these composites. The main advantages of this type of composites are to combine the different properties of different materials to obtain unique and high-performance material. Technical properties like thickness, mass per unit area, Tensile strength, Flexural strength, Impact strength, Water absorbency and Scanning Electron Microscope of developed composites were tested and analyzed. The outcome of the results demonstrates that many of the composite proportions with different blend, reinforcement and matrcies show superior mechanical performances when compare it with each other, and it can be recommended for many potential applications.

Constructing and Evaluating the Features of Novelty Yarn Made from Denim Cut Waste

By turning the apparel industry denim cut waste into mélange yarn, the study aims to help the sector get toward zero waste. It is crucial to create already-available manufacturing techniques that are more environmentally friendly. Being conscious of environmental issues, it is a rapidly expanding section of the fashion industry. The major issue facing the enormous denim business is caused by vast amounts of secondhand waste, unsalable stock, and denim waste that needs to be treated from scratch. In order to prepare cotton for the production of recycled cotton yarns, recycled cotton fiber was first extracted from denim cut waste using mechanical procedures (sorting & opening - extraction of fiber, sliver development, drawing, roving, spinning). The fiber was dyed without going through the dyeing process, and recycled cotton was used to create the yarn. The yarn underwent tests to determine its strength (153 lb./lea, TPI 17, count 8 Ne), applicability as a raw material for clothing, and more. According to other findings, it is a high-quality complete yarn because mélange yarn, for various ratios, Because there is no blending of two different fibers, 100% cotton yarn has produced the best results. This method of recovering denim cut waste in the textile manufacturing sector today is efficient and sustainable.

Evolution of inclusions in the whole process of GCr15 bearing steel

Inclusions have an important effect on the fatigue performance of bearing steels. Therefore, the study of the evolution of inclusions in the whole process and the reasonable control of inclusions (quantity, type, size, etc.) in steel can improve the production stability and fatigue performance of bearing steel. In this study, with the help of thermodynamic calculations and experimental studies, the evolution of the whole-process refining slag, oxygen and nitrogen content, and inclusions in bearing steel produced in a plant is systematically investigated. Overall, the refining slag composition of the refining process fluctuates less, and the oxygen content during LF refining and RH refining has been trending down, with an oxygen content of 5.7 × 10‒6 in the bearing steel billets. Although the cleanliness level is good for bearing steels, there is still room for improvement in refining slag composition, refining time, protected casting, and cut waste length.

Sustainable Electronics

With the issue of sustainability once again coming under the spotlight at COP 27 how can electronics, one of the world’s most polluting industries, reduce emissions and cut waste?

Creating more value from hospital labs: Partnership models for the modern area

American health systems — and the clinical laboratories they run — have for years experienced financial, labour, data and other pressures as a result of internal and external factors such as decreases in reimbursements, consolidation and policy changes. While these challenges existed before the COVID-19 pandemic, the pandemic has introduced added volatility in lab staffing, supply chains and profitability while building new inroads into remote lab administration. Amid these trends, many hospitals are shifting their lab management strategy towards partnership models and stewardship programmes that optimise resources, cut waste and promote business and patient outcomes. Buoyed by annual savings of up to 15 per cent and improvements in guideline-aligned lab formularies, such models scale from independently managed operations to shared ownership structures, with many options in between. This paper explores these emerging structures and looks at how health systems can identify the right model — if any — for them to create more value from lab operations while overcoming the many strains of the modern healthcare environment.

Responsible Consumption: Step Towards Environmental Sustainability

Food security is a prominent issue, and the concern continues to grow along with the growing population, where estimates for 2050 have put the population at around 9 billion people. This problem brings into question how to keep up with the food requirements of a massive and growing population. Accordingly, most economies should be moving towards the regenerative method, circular economy, and leaving the unsustainable take-make-waste linear approach. While much research has gone to improving the supply chain to increase efficiency and cut food waste in the production process, there has been little information about food waste at the consumer level to promote sustainability. To make the move towards a circular economy, it is necessary to understand the interaction consumers have with food at each stage: purchasing, using, and disposing of food. To look at this novel take the research aims at finding those variables that contribute to the wastage of food at the consumer level among those stages and how these can be alleviated to encourage responsible consumption to lead to environmental sustainability. This is achieved through the R-SWARA method, where respondents ranked food waste-inducing variables from which their importance is found. The results show that the frequency of shopping, leftovers, and the lack of facility to carry out proper food waste management have the heaviest weightage amongst the respondents.

Study on fibre reinforced composites developed by using recycled fibres from garment cut waste

PurposeRecycled fibres used as reinforcements are obtained from garment cut wastes of cotton, polyester and cotton/polyester fabrics to develop these composites. These composites are developed by using Epoxy resin, Kaolinite, Polypropylene sheet as matrices. Reinforcements and matrices have been used in different compositions and combinations to develop these composites. The main advantages of this type of composites are to combine the different properties of different materials to obtain unique and high-performance material.Design/methodology/approachGarment cut wastes from apparel industries are used for various applications in various industries. Normally, garment cut wastes and recycled fibres from garment cut wastes are used in textile, furniture, carpet, paper, automobile, construction and agricultural industries in low mechanical performance applications. In this research, composites are developed by using recycled fibres obtained from garment cut wastes as reinforcement and with different types of matrices.FindingsTechnical properties like thickness, mass per unit area, Tensile strength, Flexural strength, Impact strength, Water absorbency and Scanning Electron Microscope of developed composites were tested and analyzed. The outcome of the results demonstrates that many of the composite proportions with different blend, reinforcement and matrcies show superior mechanical performances when compared with each other, and it can be recommended for many potential applications.Originality/valueThe properties of composites are dependent on the different blend proportions of recycled fibres with reinforcement and matrices. Based on the result of tensile strength, polyester/cotton fibre reinforced composites show superior strength compared to other recycled fibre reinforced samples and it can be suitably tailored further by appropriate design of different lay-up angle and orientation with the number of different preformed layers of reinforcements to suit the intended applications.

The past, present, and future of plastic pollution

Plastic production is an essential part of the world economy that has mushroomed exponentially with c.9.2 billion tonnes estimated to have been made between 1950 and 2017. Now, each year c.8–11 million tonnes of plastic waste escapes into the oceans. Plastic usage is varied but the packaging industry accounts for 47%. Recycling and the circular economy are seen as keys to unlocking the plastic problem, for example, via the Extended Producer Responsibility scheme; a Deposit Return Scheme. The circular economy is a fine idea and has been around a long time, but has it made any real difference? The amount of plastic in circulation keeps getting bigger and bigger. More thought must be given to creating technologies and designs that can deal with waste management, integrate international collaboration and cut waste to a bare minimum at its source point upstream. No single solution exists, but there is a need for a legally binding global governance arrangement that would effectively and measurably limit and control plastic pollution. Many governments are in favour of this.

Explainable Ontology-Based Intelligent Decision Support System for Business Model Design and Sustainability

Background: Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) is a problem-solving paradigm that uses knowledge of relevant past experiences (cases) to interpret or solve new problems. CBR systems allow generating explanations easily, as they typically organize and represent knowledge in a way that makes it possible to reason about and thereby generate explanations. An improvement of this paradigm is ontology-based CBR, an approach that combines, in the form of formal ontologies, case-specific knowledge with domain one in order to improve the effectiveness and explanation capability of the system. Intelligent systems make daily activities more easily, efficiently, and represent a real support for sustainable economic development. On the one hand, they improve efficiency, productivity, and quality, and, on the other hand, can reduce costs and cut waste. In this way, intelligent systems facilitate sustainable development, economic growth, societal progress, and improve efficiency. Aim: In this vision, the purpose of this paper is to propose a new generation of intelligent decision support systems for Business Model having the ability to provide explanations to increase confidence in proposed solutions. Findings/result: The performance results obtained show the benefits of the proposed solution with different requirements of an explanatory decision support system. Consequently, applying this paradigm for software tools of business model development will make a great promise for supporting business model design, sustainability, and innovation.

Energy from food waste

Energy from food waste

Environmentally Friendly Treatment of Textiles Using Electrochemically Generated O3-Water with UV Irradiation

Recently, application of advanced oxidation technologies (AOTs) for environmental purification have received growing attention [1]. Especially electrolysis with boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes make it possible to generate various highly active oxidants such as O3 which can oxidize aqueous contaminants [2]. In this study, we introduce recent studies about environment-friendly “AOT-treatments” of textile by using of O3-water with UV irradiation instead of conventional treatments (scouring and bleaching) with environmentally persistent reagents. Fig. 1 shows the photographs of cotton bleaching by AOT. Cotton fabrics were treated by O3-water (1.0 ppm, 1.5 L/min, continuously generated from tap water) with UV irradiation (170 mW/cm2 @310-380 nm). After treatments, the fabrics were dried under room temperature and analyzed by reflection spectra. Fig. 2 left shows the reflection spectra and photographs of cotton fabrics. After 60 min of AOT, the spectrum and whiteness of the cotton are almost the same with conventional chemical-bleached one. But the only problem is “color reversion” by ironing (heating around 200°C). Heating of oxidized cellulose generates conjugated systems and yellow color (Fig. 2 right, green line). However, we found that reduction of oxidized cellulose by rongalite can prevent color reversion (Fig. 2 right, red line). Therefore, AOT-treatment is attractive to reduce energy consumption and cut waste in the fabric processing. Acknowledgements: Travel expenses for the attending PRiME 2020 were supported by The Tokyo Ohka Foundation for The Promotion of Science and Technology.[1] T. Ochiai and A. Fujishima, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology C: Photochemistry Reviews 2012, 13, 247.[2] T. Ochiai, S. Tago, M. Hayashi, K. Hirota, T. Kondo, K. Satomura, A. Fujishima, Electrochem. Commun. 2016, 68, 49. Figure 1

비정형 데이터 마이닝을 이용한 패션제품 개발 : 업사이클링에 대한 소비자 의견을 중심으로

Given the increasing social interest in environmental issues, fashion design based on up-cycling is drawing attention as a sustainable, pro-environment alternative to new product creation. However, consumers in South Korea tend to perceive up-cycled products unfavorably. This study conducted big data analysis to understand consumer perceptions and desires regarding up-cycling to promote the development of consumer-oriented up-cycled fashion products. First, we collected and refined unstructured textual data on consumer opinions. Next, we conducted a survey to classify the refined data. A primary survey with a group of experts was used to remove unnecessary keywords, while a secondary survey administered to consumers helped to classify the resulting 54 keywords into five categories. We performed word cloud analysis on the classified unstructured data using NodeXL and R 3.6.1. For the purpose of product development, we used a combination of 34 keywords based on degree centrality from the “Design and Production Method,” “Material,” and “Item” categories(out of five total categories). Originality(scarcity), Temporality(historicity), and Eco-Friendliness(environmental ethics), which are attributes of up-cycling design, were reflected in the product, which was then developed with an emphasis on eco-friendly production processes and familiarity with products. Two fashion products were developed: an eco-bag produced by weaving cut waste yarn and waste clothing and a shirt produced by weaving waste leather. The study’s process and results propose a method for developing consumer-oriented up-cycled fashion products that can mitigate social problems and promote an eco-friendly product consumption culture while contributing to the use of big data in the fashion design industry.

Getting an "A": Report Cards for Reducing Health Care Waste.

The health care system in our country is facing a number of challenges. We spend close to $3 trillion, or 18% of our gross domestic product, on health care annually, with projections to reach an unsustainable 20% of our gross domestic product by 2020.1 A good first step to reducing costs is eliminating waste because up to one third of medical expenditures constitute waste and rework.1 Berwick and Hackbarth1 prioritize cutting waste over the more traditional routes of cuts in care or coverage, “Here is a better idea: cut waste. That is a basic strategy for survival in most industries today, ie to keep processes, products, and services that actually help customers and systematically remove the elements of work that do not.” Physicians have envisaged this lean strategy as a decrease in “low-value care,” defined as health care services with little potential benefit or for which less expensive alternatives are available.2 In addition to increasing costs, low-value care has the potential to harm patients, decreasing the quality of care. Therefore, eliminating low-value care has benefits on both sides of the value equation, defined as quality divided by costs. Efforts to improve the health care delivery system and decrease waste are generally mediated through quality metrics. Although outcome measures exist, currently most quality measures are process measures. These process measures can target underuse, in which too little care has been provided (eg, failure to obtain an appropriate screening test); overuse, in which too much care has been provided (eg, prescribing antibiotics for a viral upper respiratory tract infection); or misuse, in which care has been provided incorrectly or a preventable complication occurs (eg, a delay in …

Bi2Te3 based bulks with high figure of merit obtained from cut waste fragments of cooling crystal rods

Bi2Te3 based cutting waste fragments were recycled by vacuum metallurgical technology to prepare p-type Bi2Te3 based thermoelectric materials. Through washing, vacuum metallurgical, component adjustment, second smelting and resistance pressing sintering (RPS) process, Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3 bulks were successfully obtained. All evidences confirmed that most of impurities from line cutting process such as Sb2O3 could be removed by washing, vacuum metallurgical process used in this work, and the recycling yield is up to 98%. The carrier content and corresponding thermoelectric properties could be adjusted effectively by appropriate component adjustment treatment. At lastly, a Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3 bulk was obtained and its' dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) could reach 1.07 at 379 K and the average ZT value was over 1.0 from 299 K to 419 K. Compared with the traditional process of recycling the single elemental Bi, Sb, Te by wet chemical metallurgical method, the vacuum metallurgical recycling technology introduced here is accordance with the principles of 3-R (reduce, reuse and recycle), and characterized by low cost, low degree of difficulty, low emission, high environmental protection and high efficiency, and the purified ingots can be directly used as raw material for the production of high-performance thermoelectric materials.

Effects of Stone Cutting Powder (Al-Khamkha) on the Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete

Most of the construction materials research now concerns on investigation of construction materials that is locally produced at a rate and cost compatible with the pace of construction. The present paper is concerned with investigation of fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC) produced from local available materials in JORDAN. The produced SCC contains the local stone cut waste powder which is called Al-KHAMKHA in JORDAN with different replacement of (0%, 10%, and 25%) of fine silica aggregate; the study also investigatesthe effects of SP33 super plasticizer which is used by different doses (1%, 1.5% and 2%) for cement. The slump flow and the compressive strength of SCC were studied and the experimental results indicate the possibility of using Al-KHAMKHA in the production of SCC as the results showed that the compressive strength of the SCC with 10 % replacement by al-khamkha together with 1% SP33 super plasticizer was higher compared to pure SCC without al-khamkha; the results also showed that as al-khamkha content increased the slump flow decreased.