Traditional Customs Research Articles

Festival of flowers (Fulaich): Unique traditional culture and custom of Kinnaura tribes in Himachal Pradesh, North Western Himalaya, India

Festival of flowers (Fulaich): Unique traditional culture and custom of Kinnaura tribes in Himachal Pradesh, North Western Himalaya, India

Peranan Kebudayaan dalam Pembangunan: Perspektif Antropologi

The occurrence of various social conflicts and environmental damage in Indonesia, especially in Central Kalimantan, is assumed to be due to the neglect of cultural values ​​and norms which should be a reference in all development planning and implementation. Management of development by referring to cultural values ​​and norms is in accordance with the mandate of the 1945 Constitution, Regional Autonomy, and the Concept of Dayak Traditional Law and Customs in Central Kalimantan. Objectively, implementing various development programs in community life requires first getting to know the community, especially traditional communities in remote rural areas in Indonesia. The reason is because each community group has its own potential for self-sufficiency which is based on its unique and special socio-cultural background. Therefore, the development programs introduced should be adapted to the needs and potential of each community.

Batimbang Salah in the customary court in Kenagarian Talang Babungo perspective 'Urf

This research examines the Batimbang Salah Tradition in Talang Babungo Kenagarian in terms of the perspective of 'Urf. The Batimbang Salah tradition is a customary tradition of the surrounding community in which there are several things that are contrary to the concept of U'rf and Islamic Law, one of which is that if you have not done this tradition, the younger siblings of the party concerned cannot carry out the custom of marriage in the Talang Babungo village, this kind of custom is clearly contrary to the concept of U'rf and Islamic Law, the research method that the author uses is a qualitative approach. This type of research (field research) is conducted in the field. The research was conducted in Kenagarian Talang Babungo, District Lembah Gumanti, Solok Regency. This research uses empirical law. The result of this research is that in Islamic law, everyone is recognized based on their religious identity. Meanwhile, in the customs of Kenagarian Talang Babungo and Minangkabau in general, the identity of the community is its customs and customs are the rules of daily life that have been going on for a long time and are still maintained to this day. For the people of Kenagarian Talang Babungo, to live without obeying the rules is to be uncivilized. Whereas the custom that becomes his daily clothes is adat basandi syarak, syarak basandi Kitabullah (the basic joint custom is syarak (Islamic shari'at) and the basic syarak is the Koran). but with regard to the consequences of not being carried out

Case Study On the Landmark Ruling On Jallikattu- A Critical Analysis Contemplating the Deviation from Ecocentric Approach

The case "Animal Welfare Board of India vs. A. Nagaraja & Ors," which was determined on May 7, 2014 and Animal Welfare Board of India & Ors vs Union Of India & Anr decided on May 18, 2023, dealt with the practice of Jallikattu. Jallikattu is a traditional event in Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra that involves bulls. This activity, in which individuals attempt to seize money fastened to the horns of a bull, has developed into a pastime that inflicts considerable suffering and injury to the animals. The Supreme Court of India determined that the utilization of bulls in activities such as Jallikattu and bullock cart racing amounted to cruelty, therefore infringing upon the animals' entitlements under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution, which ensures the right to life and freedom. The court's ruling underscored the need of ethical treatment of animals, in accordance with current perspectives on animal welfare. The verdict aimed to prohibit these activities in order to prevent the physical and psychological torment of bulls utilized for human amusement during cultural festivities. This ruling represented a noteworthy advancement in acknowledging and safeguarding animal rights in India, but also considering the need to prevent animal abuse and ensure public safety, while taking into account traditional customs. The case exemplified the convergence of law, culture, and animal ethics, establishing a precedent for the compassionate treatment of animals within the legal framework of the country.

Greek Postwar Plastics Consumption as a Female Cultural Phenomenon

This research is historical in nature and concerns the capitalist expansion of the West in post-war Greece using as ‘Trojan Horse’ the plastic products that flooded the domestic market and were associated with new technologies, typologies and a brand-new way of living. The mass import of synthetics, synonymous with postwar American and European abundance and prosperity, is connected with the almost total overthrow of the strictly traditional social institutions, habits and customs of the Greeks, as well as with the emergence of a new model of cultural consumption based on female purchasing power which was at the same time associated with the female emancipation and independence, especially in the 1960s. The series of subversive developments that sealed, mostly anonymously, the formation of taste, class culture, but also triggered the birth of the domestic plastics industry, unfolds methodically and it is also connected to the political aspect of the ‘western cultural invasion’. Through this research we will be able to identify the introduction of plastic products into the Greek market, society and culture with the aim of prevailing in an aesthetic, practical and symbolic way. This research will also shed light on a totally neglected field of modern Greek cultural and material history connected with the synthetic materials transforming power as regards the female emancipation through consumption.

The Existence of Walimatul Urs Traditionally Ibal Serbow Lampung Pepadun Megou Pak Tulang Bawang and Relevance to Islamic Family Law

This article examines the existence of a customary tradition carried out by the indigenous people of Lampung Pepadun Megou Pak Tulang Bawang, this tradition is about Walimatul Urs by Ibal Serbou custom. The purpose of writing is to analyse the view of Islamic law on the implementation of Walimatul Urs in the custom of Ibal Serbou Lampung Pepadun Megou Pak Tulang Bawang, and its relevance to Islamic family law. The method used is qualitative, the type of research is Field Research (field research) supported by Library Research. The approach used is a historical approach, the object of research is carried out in Tulang Bawang Regency, data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. Interview informants were conducted directly to the community and traditional leaders of Lampung Pepadun Megou Pak Tulang Bawang, data analysis techniques inductively with Mashlahah theory. The results of the analysis show that the implementation of Walimatul Urs activities in the customary Ibal Serbou Lampung Pepadun Megou Pak Tulang Bawang involves stages such as Pineng (engagement), pengaku'an (release), and wedding reception. This process requires the participation of the families and communities of the four clans, the Walimatul Urs in the Ibal Serbou custom requires a lot of money and a long time. The implementation of Walimatul Urs in Ibal Serbou custom is not in accordance with Islamic Walimatul Urs activities and is not relevant to Islamic family law.

Gory and Ghoulish Practice among Hakki-Pikki Tribal Community of Karnataka: Offering Animals to the Gods and Spirits

The land of India witnesses numerous distinct folk rituals and ceremonial practices. Hakki Pikki belongs to a semi-nomadic tribal group that migrates from one place to another for livelihood; their deities also migrate along with them. The community resided in dense jungles for a long time and created its plant and herb based medicine systems. One of the fascinating aspects of the community is its way of life, beliefs, and traditional practices and customs. According to Hakki-Pikkis' traditional belief systems and practices, a deity, spirit, or supernatural being is the stakeholder of the sacred offering during sacrificial ritual ceremonies. The study aims to know about the origins of Hakki Pikki society, way of life, belief systems, social practices, and, chiefly, the practice of Gory and Ghoulish rituals in the community.

Communication Ethnography in the Royal Funeral Ritual in the Marapu Community, East Sumba

The funeral ritual, also known as 'pa hengingu', is one of the traditional customs of Sumba that have endured to the present day. This research examines the communication events occurring within the Marapu funeral ritual. This study aims to understand the perspectives and values held by the Marapu community by employing a qualitative approach and communication ethnography methodology. This study focuses on traditional communication in the Marapu’s funeral ritual by examining communication activities, such as communication situations, communication events, and communication actions. This study also tries to understand how a cultural group creates meaning, values, and communication practices through cultural events. Research data was collected through observations and interviews with one primary informant and three additional informants. The primary informant was the Funeral Ritual Guide, while the other three informants included the Chief of the Marapu Community, a male community member, and a female community member. The implications of this research for the Marapu community lie in the realm of documentation and archival record benefits. The research findings reveal that the Marapu community highly values kinship and community cooperation—the funeral ritual results from community cooperation involving not only grieving families but all tribal groups within the Marapu community.

The Role of Women in Political Participation in Cambodia: A Case Study of Svay Rieng Province

The government considers women as the backbone of Cambodia's economy and society. Despite a good sign, the female parliamentary representation in Svay Rieng fluctuated in the last three mandates (60% in 2008 and 2013, 80% in 2018, and 60% in 2023). The study aims to investigate the “socioeconomic”, “traditional-cultural”, “family”, and “personal” factors affecting gender roles in political involvement in Svay Rieng province, to assess perceptions and attitudes regarding women's political engagement. A mixed-methods approach was utilized, administering surveys to 119 participants and semi-structured interviews with 8 women actively participating in politics and leadership roles, using snowball sampling. The findings emphasize 1) Family-factors (domestic responsibilities, violence, and lack of support) hinder women's political participation the most, 2) Personal factors: limited education and self-confidence, 3) Socio-economic obstacles (the social devaluation of women, violence against women, limited outreach initiatives, and the impact of economic crises), and 4) Traditional customs, cultural norms including prescribed gender roles further contribute to the challenges faced by women in politics. Despite these obstacles, the study identifies positive perceptions and attitudes towards women's political participation. Participants underlined the need to empower women at both the national and sub-national levels, as well as fostering capacity development and extending possibilities. The recommendations include adopting gender equality legislation, increasing awareness, improving capacity-building programs, providing supportive infrastructure, engaging male allies, promoting cooperation, and assuring long-term commitment. A future study should look at additional elements that may impact women's political engagement, as well as evaluate the efficiency of existing policies for empowering women in Svay Rieng.

Ethical Resolution of Customary Land Disputes Through Harmonizing Tradition and Law

This research examines the customary land disputes between the Tiwu Kondo sub-district government and the Ndoko tribe in East Manggarai, NTT Province. It aims to identify the resolution efforts involving mediation and deliberation with traditional and religious leaders, emphasizing ethical values, local customs, and applicable laws. Using a juridical-empirical approach, data were collected through literature studies, observations, and interviews. Findings reveal that integrating traditional customs and modern legal frameworks, guided by UUPA No.5/1960 and PERDA Manggarai No.1/2018, can effectively resolve disputes, offering a model for fair and sustainable outcomes. Highlights: Integrating Traditions and Laws: Combining customs with modern legal frameworks. Mediation and Deliberation: Involving traditional and religious leaders. Fair and Sustainable Outcomes: Emphasizing ethical values and local norms. Keywords: Land disputes, Customary land, Mediation, Traditional customs, Legal frameworks

A Study of Caste and Tribal System in Kumaon and Garhwal Reasons in Uttarakhand

The Jaunsari, Tharu, Raji, Buksa, and Bhotiya tribes are the five primary groups that make up Uttarakhand's tribe population. The Jaunsari tribe is the largest tribal group in the state in terms of numbers. The ethnic groups living in the state of Uttarakhand are represented by the tribes. In all of Uttarakhand's districts, the proportion of tribal people is roughly moderate. The majority of tribal people in the state of Uttarakhand live in rural areas. According to available data, approximately 94.50% of all tribal members live in rural areas, with the remaining portion residing in urban areas. It is stated that about five tribes call Uttarakhand officially home. The Indian Constitution has designated a schedule for these tribes from Uttarakhand. According to historical accounts, the earliest people to settle in this part of North India were the tribes of Uttarakhand. Their primary populations used to be restricted to isolated, steep, and wooded regions. The ancient customs of the tribes in Uttarakhand have not changed. They stand for the unique way of life and characteristics of a prehistoric society. Their ethnicity is determined by their sociocultural practices and traditional customs. Up to five tribes that are officially located in Uttarakhand are listed as scheduled in the Indian Constitution, which was drafted more than 40 years ago, in 1967.

Perilaku Politik Masyarakat Suku Jawa dalam Pemilihan Kepala Desa (Studi Kasus Desa Bandar Klippa Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan)

This research explores the political behavior of the Javanese community in Bandar Klippa Village in the village head election, especially the Javanese community but the reality of the problem is still very thick with the problem of Javanese cultural traditions, this still dominates as a national culture and tradition in Indonesia. The election of the village head in Bandar Klippa Village reflects the dynamics of the political behavior of the Javanese community which is influenced by factors that influence the political behavior of the Javanese community such as mutual cooperation and togetherness, traditional customs and values, community economic conditions, attractiveness of economic programs, level of education, criticism and rationalism, influence of community leaders and local elites, family influence, access and influence of social media, campaigns through traditional media, community views on community political behavior in the election of the village head. So that this research uses qualitative which is intended to describe the phenomenon of what is experienced by the research subject in the form of perceptions, actions and behavior which are then described in the form of descriptions, and the techniques used in qualitative research using interviews to obtain sources (informants) from the community around Bandar Klippa.

Social networks and societal position are key drivers of the spiritual well-being of the parents of migrants in rural West Bengal

ABSTRACT India has been upholding the traditional custom of multigenerational co-residence and is well known for its spiritual legacy. However, the era of globalization and urbanization has reshaped family structures, with adult migration influencing older parents’ spiritual journeys. The study investigates the differences in spiritual well-being among parents of migrants and non-migrants and the influence of social-familial position and social network on spiritual well-being using a cross-sectional survey conducted by 500 elderly parents. The study revealed that the mean score of spiritual well-being was significantly lower among parents of migrants compared to parents of non-migrants. Social networks enhance the spiritual well-being of elderly parents considerably. Social networks enhance spiritual well-being, particularly for parents of migrants, to a greater extent than among parents of non-migrants. Moreover, the study found that household decision-making roles emerged as a significant predictor of spiritual well-being, with more substantial effects observed among parents of migrants compared to non-migrants. Policymakers and social services providers should focus on strengthening social network structures for elderly parents, especially for parents of migrants. This could foster more robust social networks and empower older individuals to participate in household decision-making processes, which will ensure better spiritual well-being in the context of adult-child migration.

Developing a contextual understanding of empowerment through education: narratives from highly educated women in Pakistan

ABSTRACT Current international discourse foregrounds gender parity in education as a means of empowering women in societies with strong adherence to traditional gender norms, such as Pakistan. This discourse contends that women’s access to higher education and subsequent employment enables them to identify and reject traditional cultural values and norms. However, some scholars criticise the gender parity approach as portraying a simplistic narrative that fails to recognise the social, cultural, and family contexts within which women are embedded. Drawing on an ecological approach, this article examines how education and empowerment are experienced by highly educated women in Pakistan with a particular focus on these contexts. Our findings demonstrate that education and employment are often experienced as disempowering due to their reinforcement of traditional gender roles and values. However, we also found that women move iteratively between acquiescing to traditional gender norms and pushing the boundaries of acceptable practice through this acquiescence. Our findings demonstrate that for the women in our study, empowerment was experienced through their ability to strike a delicate balance between compliance with traditional customs and the pursuit of opportunities that opened because of this compliance.

Analysis of Relationship between Religion and Vietnamese Culture Today and Prediction of Some Religious Security Trends in the Coming Time

Religion is a part of the spiritual life of society, a superstructure phenomenon moving and changing strongly at all times along with the socio-economic development of any country. In recent times, the religion in Vietnam has had a great influence on traditional customs and practices in both directions: positive and negative. On the one hand, it contributes to restoring many good traditional customs and practices of the nation, contributing to changing the lifestyle and behavior of a part of the people; On the other hand, the religion revives many outdated depraved customs and practices, deforming and fading some traditional customs and practices. These impacts have been posing many problems to be resolved for Vietnam in the process of building and developing the country in the new era. Vietnam has been being in the process of increasingly deepening international integration, which is expected to continue to cause many difficulties and obstacles for State management of religion, because religious activities are often associated with cultural activities. Cultural diversity leads to religious diversity.

Фольклор челябинских башкир: История и перспективы изучения

The article is devoted to folklore and traditional customs of the Chelyabinsk Bashkirs. The purpose of the study is to show the degree of knowledge of Bashkir folklore in this area. Archival data, expedition materials, publications of folklorists devoted to folk art and culture of the population of this region are used as sources, unique features of various folklore genres are highlighted. Many of the texts recorded by folklorists in this region have already been published in the volumes “Bashkir Folk Art”, at the same time there are many unpublished ones. The folklore of the Bashkirs of the Chelyabinsk region today is represented mainly by the following genres: rituals, religious and mystical legends, songs, lament songs, munajats, spiritual poems, proverbs, sayings, beliefs, omens, prohibitions, ditties. Calendar holidays such as Rook porridge, goose help, as well as sabantui, held in honor of the end of sowing, have been preserved in the villages. Of the religious rites, the most stable are Ayat ukutyu (reading the ayats of the Quran), Nikah ukutyu (reading nikah), Korban bayram (Feast of Sacrifice), and the performance of funeral rites in accordance with the canons of Islam. One of the peculiar rituals of the local Bashkirs is the holiday “Aumala bayramy” (Aumal Holiday). Of the family rituals, the wedding ceremony is most different, which has many features. For example, holding a kuresh fight during a wedding is associated with the ancient custom of choosing a groom. As it is known from Bashkir epics and fairy tales, in ancient times, a girl chose the husband of the one who won the kuresh fight. As evidenced by the materials of recent expeditions, informants well remember toponymic legends, anecdotes-kulyamas, riddles, proverbs, sayings, beliefs, omens and prohibitions. However, genres such as fairy tales, historical legends and legends, baits, and games have become less common. The author concludes that the folklore of three districts has been studied more systematically: Argayashsky, Kunashaksky and Sosnovsky, therefore there is a need to organize scientific expeditions to collect folklore and ethnographic material to the rest of the region, where Bashkirs live compactly.

Exploring traditional Colombian foods and customs: a contemporary perspective on ancestral products

The OIR, Regional Intersystemic Observatory, of the Colombian Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia (UNAD), as one of the organizational devices that comprehensively and collectively manages community outreach strategies, energizes service learning through interaction and participatory action with the territories in one of its lines of work. From this perspective, a work with an exploratory and descriptive methodological approach was developed in four representative regions of Colombia: Andean, Caribbean, Orinoquia and Pacific in order to identify uses, customs and perspectives of new generations in relation to their own ancestral foods of each territory. Through 559 surveys applied in each area, the use, acquisition, conservation, transmission and symbolic value of these were addressed in the face of the problem of food security and their articulation with peasant-based social organizations, being peasant activity or also called small-scale family agriculture who contribute significantly to the micro-territories. Among the main results are: the linking of ancestral foods as a differential factor in the development of communities, as well as the relevance of geographical location compared to habits, uses and transmission of traditions to future generations.

Southwest University of Political Science and Law

Chinese wedding culture has a long history and rich tradition. In its development, it went through two stages and from traditional to modern. This process is a sign of social evolution and progress. The author analyzes the evolution of traditional Chinese wedding rites and customs in six representative periods: the Qing (221–207 BC) and Han (206 BC — 220 AD) dynasties; the Tang (618–907) and Song (960–1279) dynasties; the Ming (1368–1644) and Qing (1616–1911) dynasties; Republic of China (1912–1949); the time after establishing the People’s Republic of China until the Cultural Revolution (1949–1976), as well as after the start of the reform and opening-up policy (since 1978) to the present days.

Land tenure formalisation and perceived tenure security: Two decades of the land administration project in Ghana

Ghana’s Land Administration Project (LAP), initiated in 2003, aimed to enhance certainty regarding land rights. What has been achieved since then? We explore landowners’ perceptions of tenure security in Ghana using micro-level data from two waves of the Ghanaian Living Standards Surveys: GLSS5+ (2008) and GLSS7 (2017). This data allows us to study the linkages between land title formality and perceptions of tenure security, measured by landowners' perceived ability to sell or use their land as collateral. This is complemented by analysing government policy documents and appraisal reports from independent organisations, making our study a valuable contribution to ongoing research on the formalisation-security link in Ghana and other African countries. The results indicate that those with formal titles are more likely to perceive their land ownership secure. However, in some regions customary systems persist in parallel with perceived security. These regional nuances highlight the complex factors influencing perception of tenure security. For policy, these findings emphasise the need to consider contextual peculiarities and expertise when assessing the compatibility of customary traditions with formal titles and finding solutions for potential coexistence.

Rape Culture and Victim Blaming: A Historical and Religious Perspective

This article provides a historical interpretation of sexual violence against women, focusing on rape dynamics and victim-blaming as mechanisms for upholding patriarchal power structures. It explores the evolution of this phenomenon across different cultures and historical periods, with emphasis on its manifestation in Islamic societies. This intersection of traditional customs and religious doctrines has led to misunderstandings that objectify women and result in unfair legal systems contradicting the principles of the Quran.