Smooth Curve Research Articles

Association between cardiometabolic index (CMI) and periodontitis in US adults: analysis of NHANES data (2009–2014)

BackgroundThe cardiometabolic index (CMI) is a new predictor of obesity-related diseases, but its link to periodontitis is under-researched. This study aims to examine the potential association between the CMI and periodontitis.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (2009–2014) to examine the potential association between CMI and periodontitis. The study utilized a weighted multivariate logistic model to assess the association between TG, HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, obesity indices (BMI, WC, WHtR, CMI), and periodontitis, employing the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) to estimate areas under the curve (AUC). Furthermore, generalized smooth curve fitting was conducted to examine the relationship between CMI and periodontitis. Finally, the study incorporated subgroup analysis and interaction tests to examine consistency across different populations.ResultsTG/HDL-C, WHtR, and CMI were positively associated with periodontitis in the fully adjusted classification model. It was observed that for each unit increase in CMI, there was a corresponding 17.8% increase in the prevalence of periodontitis [1.178 (1.049, 1.322) 0.00562] and 18.7% increase in the prevalence of moderate/severe [1.187 (1.057, 1.334) 0.00376] in the fully adjusted model. When CMI was used as a categorical variable, the adjusted OR for periodontitis prevalence increased significantly with increasing CMI after adjusting for all potential covariates (T3 vs. T1: OR, 1.28 [1.06, 1.55], p < 0.05). The ROC analysis indicated that a larger area under the curve was found in the CMI [0.554 (0.538–0.570)] than in the WC [0.544 (0.528–0.560)] and WHtR [0.544 (0.528–0.561)]. Nonetheless, the discrepancy observed did not reach statistical significance (all p > 0.05). Further generalized smooth curve fitting and threshold effect models indicated a positive linear correlation between CMI and periodontitis. Moreover, there is no interactive association between TG/HDL-C, WHtR, CMI, and periodontitis.ConclusionsThis cross-sectional study revealed a positive relationship between CMI and periodontitis. Further prospective studies are warranted to validate our findings.

Deformations of some local Calabi-Yau manifolds

We study deformations of certain crepant resolutions of isolated rational Gorenstein singularities. After a general discussion of the deformation theory, we specialize to dimension $3$ and consider examples which are good (log) resolutions as well as the case of small resolutions. We obtain some partial results on the classification of canonical threefold singularities that admit good crepant resolutions. Finally, we study a noncrepant example, the blowup of a small resolution whose exceptional set is a smooth curve.

Research on Digital Construction Technology for Special-Shaped Shell Pipe Structures

The aesthetic appeal of special-shaped shell pipe structures makes them highly favored by architects and holds promising prospects for various applications. In the detailed design stage, NURBS curves should be divided into multiple continuous arcs due to the limitations of current steel structure fabrication equipment, which can only accommodate pipes with equal-curvature bends. However, the traditional manual fitting methods suffer from several issues including low efficiency, undercutting at the interface, poor smoothness of curves, and lack of control over tolerances. Furthermore, the weaker out-of-plane stiffness and utilization of bending arc pipe sections pose significant challenges in terms of spatial positioning and installation accuracy that need to be addressed. The study focuses on addressing these challenges by investigating digital construction technology for special-shaped shell pipe structures and developing a parametric algorithm that enables automatic fitting of spatial NURBS curves into multiple arcs, thereby achieving seamless curve fitting. A post-processing program was developed to enable the parametric generation of fabrication and installation information for structural members, which can be seamlessly integrated into the BIM database. Finally, structural position control technology is proposed to improve assembly efficiency and ensure consistency between the completed construction state and the design shape. The above digital construction technology has been applied in projects such as the Haihua Island International Conference Center. It can provide complete technical solutions for modeling of special-shaped shell pipe structures, including establishment of a member information database, fabrication at the workshop and installation on site, construction organization management, as well as installation accuracy control.

The value of D-dimer in the prognosis of dilated cardiomyopathy: a retrospective cohort study.

D-dimer is a biomarker of coagulation and fibrinolytic system activation in response to the hypercoagulable state of the body. The research aimed to analyze the value of D-dimer in the prognosis of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Patients admitted to our center for the first time with DCM were enrolled consecutively. The clinical characteristics variables were obtained from the electronic medical record system, and the prognostic information was obtained using telephone return visits and a review of repeated hospitalization records. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was used to explore the association of D-dimer with all-cause mortality. Smooth curve fitting, threshold saturation effect analysis, and subgroup analysis were performed. Ultimately, 534 patients were included. After a follow-up of the enrolled patients, 485 patients obtained prognostic information, of which 159 died from all causes, and the main cause of death was heart failure (89/159), the sudden death accounted for about 17%. The independent positive association between D-dimer and all-cause mortality remained unchanged in both unadjusted and adjusted Cox regression models. In the fully adjusted model, each standard deviation increase in D-dimer was associated with a 14% increase in all-cause mortality (HR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.02 ~ 1.27; P < 0.05). Curve fitting and threshold effect analysis showed an inflection point in the relationship between D-dimer and all-cause mortality (non-linear test: P = 0.03). When D-dimer was equal to 362ng/ml, HR = 1; and as the value increased, the risk of all-cause mortality increased by 34.7% for every 2-fold increase in D-dimer gradually (HR = 1.347; 95% CI: 1.069 ~ 1.697; P = 0.012). In subgroup analysis, D-dimer and BMI had a significant interaction on all-cause mortality, with a significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality in subjects with BMI ≥ 25kg/m2 (HR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.34 ~ 2.97; P < 0.01). The ROC curve showed that D-dimer was a good predictor of all-cause mortality, and the areas under the curve at 1-, 3-, and 5-year were 0.71, 0.64, and 0.59, respectively. In addition, D-dimer improved the predictive performance of the MAGGIC heart failure score in patients with DCM. D-dimer is not only independently associated with all-cause mortality in DCM patients, but also has good predictive value, suggesting that D-dimer may be an early and useful marker for improving the management of DCM patients.

Association between secondhand smoke and liver injury among US non-smoking adults: Mediation analysis of body mass index in the NHANES.

Liver injury is a primary factor in the pathogenesis of most liver diseases, which can lead to liver failure. Secondhand smoke (SHS) is a serious public problem. This research explored the correlation between SHS and the indicators of liver injury. This cross-sectional study was based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2016. The relationship between SHS and indicators of liver injury was explored by the weighted linear regression model and smooth curve fitting. The weighted threshold saturation effect model tested the relationship and inflection point between them. Mediation analyses were used to explore whether body mass index (BMI) mediates the correlation between SHS and liver injury indicators. Our cross-sectional study included 3811 non-smoking participants (aged 20-80 years). The full covariate adjustment model (β= -0.05; 95% CI: -0.08 - -0.02) showed a significant and negative correlation between log cotinine and albumin (ALB). Compared to the unexposed group, the ALB, and total protein (TP) were decreased by 0.16 g/dL, 0.26 g/dL in the heavy exposure group [ALB: -0.16 (-0.26 - -0.05), TP: -0.26 (-0.38 - -0.13)], respectively. Smoothed curve fitting revealed a nonlinear relationship between log cotinine and fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4 score), with the inflection point of log cotinine at -1.72. When log cotinine was < -1.72, the log cotinine significantly and positively correlated with the FIB-4 score (β=0.27; 95% CI: 0.06-0.49). BMI partially mediated the effect of SHS exposure on ALB or TP. SHS has harmful effects on the liver in never-smoking adults. BMI partially mediated the effect of SHS exposure on ALB or TP. More prospective and basic research in the future is necessary to focus on validating our results.

Non-linear connection between the triglyceride–glucose index and prediabetes risk among Chinese adults: a secondary retrospective cohort study

BackgroundThe triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index has garnered recognition as a surrogate marker for insulin resistance, a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis of various metabolic disorders. Despite its emerging role, the empirical evidence delineating its association with prediabetes mellitus (Pre-DM) remains scant. This research aims to clarify the link between the TyG index and the likelihood of Pre-DM development within a Chinese demographic.MethodsThis investigation was structured as a retrospective cohort analysis, encompassing a sample of 179,177 Chinese adults. These individuals underwent medical examinations at the Rich Healthcare Group over a period spanning from 2010 to 2016. To ascertain the relationship between the TyG index and the incidence of Pre-DM, this study employed Cox regression analysis complemented by sensitivity and subgroup assessments. Furthermore, Cox proportional hazards regression with cubic spline functions and smooth curve fitting was incorporated to explore the existence of any non-linear connection within this association.ResultsUpon adjusting for a comprehensive array of confounding variables, a statistically significant positive correlation between the TyG index and the risk of Pre-DM was identified (HR: 1.60, 95%CI 1.56–1.65, P < 0.001). The analysis illuminated a non-linear relationship, with an inflection point at a TyG index value of 8.78. For TyG index values below and above this inflection point, the HR was calculated to be 1.94 (95%CI 1.86–2.03) and 1.26 (95%CI 1.20–1.33), respectively. Sensitivity analyses further fortified the reliability of these findings.ConclusionsThis comprehensive examination delineated a significantly positive, non-linear correlation between the TyG index and the risk of Pre-DM within a Chinese population. Individuals with TyG index values below 8.78 have a significantly increased risk of developing prediabetes. These findings underscore the TyG index’s potential efficacy as a predictive tool for assessing Pre-DM risk in clinical practice.

Extremal interpolation of convex scattered data in ℝ3 by smooth edge convex minimum L∞‐norm networks: Characterization and solution

We consider the extremal problem of interpolation of convex scattered data in by smooth edge convex curve networks with minimal ‐norm of the second derivative for . The problem for was set and solved by Andersson et al. (1995). Vlachkova (2019) extended the results of Andersson et al. (1995) and solved the problem for . The minimum edge convex ‐norm network for is obtained from the solution to a system of nonlinear equations with coefficients determined by the data. The solution in the case is unique for strictly convex data. The corresponding extremal problem for remained open. The case is of particular interest in the context of applications since it has a solution which is a smooth curve network consisting of quadratic splines, that is, a smooth curve network of the lowest possible computational complexity. Here, we show that the extremal interpolation problem for always has a solution. We give a characterization of this solution. We show that a solution to the problem for can be found by solving a system of nonlinear equations in the case where it exists.

Increased FT3/FT4 ratio in a certain range is associated with decreased glycemic variability in patients with type 2 diabetes

Thyroid hormone (TH) plays a crucial role in regulating glucose metabolism. However, the potential impact of the FT3/FT4 ratio, which reflects peripheral sensitivity to thyroid hormones, on glycemic variability in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), has not been previously reported. To investigate the correlation between the FT3/FT4 ratio and glycemic variability in individuals with T2DM. In this retrospective analysis, a total of 468 inpatients with T2DM underwent continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems for a period of 6–14 days. Baseline clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, and CGM parameters were documented to investigate the correlation between FT3/FT4 ratio and CGM parameters. The levels of HBA, MG, SD, CV, LAGE, MODD and TAR2Scale were all higher in FT3/FT4Q1 compared with FT3/FT4Q2, FT3/FT4Q3 and FT3/FT4Q4 (all P < 0.01). Additionally, TIR was lower in FT3/FT4Q1 compared with the other quartiles (P < 0.01). Smooth curve fitting and saturation effect analysis revealed that there are curve-like relationships between the FT3/FT4 ratio and SD, MAGE, MODD and TAR2Scale. The inflection points of the fitted curves were found to be at FT3/FT4 = 0.279, 0.237, 0.253 and 0.282 respectively (all P < 0.05). Prior to the inflection point, the FT3/FT4 ratio was negatively related to SD, MAGE, MODD and TAR2Scale (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, The FT3/FT4 ratio exhibits a negative linear correlation with HBA and MG, while demonstrating a positive linear relationship with TIR (all P < 0.05). Binary logistic regression demonstrated that the FT3/FT4 ratio was independently related to HBA (P = 0.001), MG (P = 0.01), TAR2Scale (P = 0.003), LAGE (P = 0.014) and MAGE (P < 0.001). The increased FT3/FT4 ratio within a certain range (FT3/FT4 ≤ 0.282) is associated with decreased blood glucose variability and increased TIR. The FT3/FT4 ratio may act as a potential independent protective factor for glycemic fluctuation and glycemic control in patients with T2DM when it increases within a specific range.

Association of cumulative methylprednisolone dosages with mortality risk from pneumonia in connective tissue disease patients

Corticosteroid is essential in the treatment regimen for connective tissue disease (CTD); however, its long-term use poses significant risks, including pulmonary infections. The relationship between cumulative corticosteroid doses and adverse pneumonia outcomes requires further investigation. This study aimed to explore the association between cumulative methylprednisolone dosages (CMD) and pneumonia mortality risks among CTD patients. We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from CTD patients treated with intravenous or oral corticosteroids across six academic hospitals over approximately five years in China. We evaluated follow-up outcomes at 30 and 90 days after the onset of pneumonia. Piecewise linear regression, Cox regression analysis, and survival analysis were employed to investigate the relationship between CMD and 30-day and 90-day mortality risks. Among 335 CTD patients with pneumonia, the mean CMD was 12 g. The 30-day and 90-day mortality rates were 25.07% and 29.55%, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, smooth curve fitting analysis revealed a specific nonlinear relationship between CMD and 30-day and 90-day mortality risks. Cox regression analysis indicated that the lowest pneumonia mortality risk occurred when CMD ranged from 11 to 24 g (30-day adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.33, 95% CI 0.14–0.77; 90-day aHR 0.37, 95% CI 0.17–0.81). Patients in the 11–24 g CMD group demonstrated significantly lower cumulative hazard and death rates compared to both the low CMD (< 11 g) and high CMD (> 24 g) groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, interaction testing suggested that CMD’s negative impact on pneumonia mortality risks was more pronounced in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) compared to hospital-acquired pneumonia (P for interaction < 0.05). CMD shows a distinct nonlinear relationship with 30-day and 90-day pneumonia mortality risks, with potentially lower risks observed within the 11–24 g CMD range. Moreover, the varying impact of CMD on CAP mortality risk warrants further consideration in clinical management strategies.

Sex-specific association between platelet content and bone mineral density in adults: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundOsteoporosis (OP) is a complex skeletal disorder characterized by reduced bone mass, microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, and increased susceptibility to fractures. Bone mineral density (BMD), as the best indicator of bone mineral content per unit area of bone, is one of the key diagnostic factors for OP. Platelets (PLT), serving as important immune cells and components of the coagulation system, have been demonstrated to be associated with bone formation, resorption, and remodeling processes. However, no research has established the relationship between BMD and platelet count (PC) in the American population thus far. This study aims to investigate the correlation between BMD and PC among the American population, and to appraise the effects of additional risk factors on this association.MethodsThis investigation examined the relationship between BMD and PC by analyzing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2011 and 2018. A weighted multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to assess this correlation. Additionally, subgroup and smooth curve analyses were conducted to delve deeper into the BMD-PC relationship and to identify other potential determinants of PC.ResultsThis study reveals a significant negative correlation between BMD and PC in the American adult population (β=-15.05, 95% CI: -22.07 to -8.03, p < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis highlights notable differences in this correlation between genders and various racial groups. Smooth curve fitting and generalized additive models were applied to further explore the relationship between BMD and PC, considering the influence of multiple factors.ConclusionThe present study investigated the correlation between BMD and PC in adults, with a particular focus on the potential risk factors for thrombocytopenia. This negative correlation was found to be markedly pronounced in males, an association not observed in females. Additionally, a potential inverse relationship between BMD and hemoglobin (HGB) levels was identified. Consequently, for individuals with elevated bone mass or osteoporosis (OP), we advocate for routine complete blood count monitoring to identify hematological irregularities. Considering the significant variations by sex, age, and race, special vigilance is advised for changes in PC among non-Hispanic white males under the age of 55.

The association between the triglyceride-glucose index and serum anti-aging protein α- Klotho: a population-based study

BackgroundBoth anti-aging protein α-Klotho and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index hold predictive value for the incidence, progression, and outcomes of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and many other diseases. However, their relationship remains unclear.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2016. Weighted multivariate linear regression models and subgroup analysis were constructed to assess the association between TyG index and α-Klotho levels. Nonlinear correlations were explored using restricted cubic splines (RCS), generalized additive models (GAM) and smooth curve fitting. Segmented regression model was conducted to explore potential threshold effects and identify the inflection point.ResultsA total of 2568 participants satisfied the predetermined criteria were enrolled in the final analysis. After fully adjusting for covariates, TyG index was shown to be markedly negatively correlated with α-Klotho [β=-74.07, 95%CI (-100.29,-47.85), p < 0.001]. Gender was significantly correlated with this negative connection according to subgroup analysis and interaction testing (p for interaction < 0.05).Additionally, we discovered a linear association between TyG index and α-Klotho in all participants (p for nonlinear = 0.761), while non-linear association in female (p for nonlinear = 0.016).The analysis of threshold effect in the female participants found that the inflection point of TyG index was 8.01, exceed which the level of α-Klotho decreased significantly with increasing TyG index[β=-151.72, 95%CI (-201.93, -101.50), p < 0.001].ConclusionOur findings demonstrate a negative association between TyG index and α-Klotho levels, with the effect being more pronounced in females. TyG index may serve as an early indicator of individuals with low α-Klotho levels, especially among females. These findings highlight the need for gender-specific considerations in clinical interventions to improve public health. Further research is needed to clarify the causal direction of this association.

The association between triglyceride -glucose index and stress urinary incontinence in adult American women: A population-based study.

This investigation seeks to determine the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index's link to stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in American females of adult age. The investigation relied on data acquired via the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted over the period from 2011 to 2018. The independent relationship between TyG index and SUI was tested using multivariate logistic regression analysis. We applied a smooth curve fitting approach to analyze the interrelation of them. In addition, subgroup analysis was conducted and interaction experiments were conducted. Among 4459 female participants aged 20 and above, TyG index and SUI demonstrated a favorable correlation. Model 3 indicated that with every single-unit rise in the TyG index, the incidence of SUI increases by 18% [1.18 (1.01, 1.38)]. In contrast to individuals in the lowest tertile, subjects within the highest tertile of the TyG index exhibited a 68% increase in SUI incidence [1.68 (95% CI: 1.26, 2.23), 0.0004]. By using smooth curve fitting, a nonlinear positive evidence of an interconnection of the TyG index to SUI was identified. Women exhibiting increased TyG index levels are at a heightened risk of SUI. TyG index displays a stronger correlation than that observed with BMI. According to our findings, the TyG index is viewed as a potential tool for identifying SUI in women, and monitoring the value of TyG index may be helpful for predicting the occurrence of SUI.

Neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio is associated with cognitive function in adults aged over 60 years: An analysis of data from the NHANES 2011-2014.

The aging global population is increasing the attention to cognitive decline in older individuals. This study sought to examine the potential link between the neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) and cognitive function. We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014 using multivariate logistic regression and smooth curve fitting, to investigate the correlation between NPAR and cognitive performance. Restricted cubic spline analysis assessed the linear relationship with high-risk cognitive dysfunction, while piecewise linear regression identified thresholds. Subgroup analyses confirmed the consistency and reliability of our findings. Our study included data from 2759 individuals aged >60 years. NPAR showed a significant correlation with Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) word learning score, CERAD delayed recall score, total z-score and a high risk of cognitive dysfunction. Furthermore, there were statistically significant trends in the changes in CERAD word learning, digit symbol substitution test, and CERAD delayed recall scores as the NPAR quartile increased, these trends were inverted U-shaped. When the NPAR exceeded 14.57, there was a positive association with the likelihood of a high risk of cognitive impairment. The link between NPAR and cognitive performance was notably stronger in individuals with moderate body mass index and those aged 73-80 years. A strong link was observed between the NPAR and cognitive function. NPAR may serve as a tool to identify individuals at increased risk of cognitive decline.

Relationship Between the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Deep Venous Thrombosis After Spinal Cord Injury: A Cross-Sectional Study.

To explore the relationship between the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). This cross-sectional study included data from 382 participants with SCI. The SII was calculated for all participants. Logistic regression, smooth curve fitting, interaction effects were used to substantiate the research objectives. The overall prevalence of DVT was 23.1% (22.4% among males, 25.6% among females). A positive association between SII and the risk for DVT was observed (odds ratio 1.39 [95% CI 1.03-1.87]; P=0.032), independent of confounders. Similar patterns of association were observed in the subgroup analysis (P values for interaction, all >0.05). Further sensitivity analyses provided confidence that the results were reliable and unlikely to be substantially altered by unmeasured confounding factors. Results of the present suggest that higher SII may be associated with DVT in patients with SCI, highlighting a potential link between SII and DVT. These findings underscore the potential of SII as a valuable predictive biomarker for DVT, thus offering a promising avenue for early detection and intervention strategies in patients with SCI.

A nonlinear relationship between dietary inflammatory index and stroke among US adults with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Some studies have found that high dietary inflammatory index (DII) increases stroke risk, but previous studies have mostly been conducted in the general population, and the exact relationship between DII and stroke in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is not clear. This cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009-2016) to investigate the association between the DII and stroke. DII was computed according to established methods. Participants were categorized into tertiles of DII (Q1-Q3). Multivariate weighted logistic regression analysis, smooth curve fitting, and subgroup analysis were employed to explore this relationship. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on demographic and clinical variables. A total of 2426 individuals were enrolled in our study. The overall prevalence of stroke in the study population was 4.66%. The smooth curve fitting analysis indicated a J-shaped relationship between DII and stroke among individuals with MASLD. In multivariate weighted logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio (OR) of DII is 1.17 (95% CI: 1.03-1.38) for stroke, with a turning point of 1.89. After the turning point, the OR (95% CI) was 1.22 (1.08-2.56). In subgroup analysis, DII still increased the risk of stroke independently. Our study highlighted a J-shaped association between DII and stroke in adults with MASLD from USA.

Association between systemic immune-inflammatory index and systemic inflammatory response index with body mass index in children and adolescents: a population-based study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2020.

The Systemic Immune-Inflammatory Index (SII) and Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI) are novel composite inflammatory markers. Previous studies suggest that obesity in individuals correlates with persistently low levels of chronic inflammation. This study aims to explore the association between SII and SIRI and Body Mass Index (BMI) among children and adolescents. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset from 2 consecutive cycles from 2017-2020. Multivariate linear regression models were employed to examine the linear relationships between BMI and SII and SIRI. Non-linear associations were explored using smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis. A total of 2980 children and adolescents aged 6-19 years were included in this population-based study. In the population description of body mass index categories, we found progressively higher levels of SII and SIRI, notably peaking among obese children (SII mean ± SD: 528.83 ± 285.46; SIRI mean ± SD: 1.12 ± 0.79). Weighted multivariate linear regression confirmed a significant positive association between BMI and both inflammatory indices (P < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses revealed consistent correlations across gender divisions and highlighted a non-linear relationship between BMI and SII. SII and SIRI are positively associated with BMI in children and adolescents, indicating their potential as markers for assessing systemic inflammation in pediatric obesity. Further large-scale prospective studies are required to substantiate these findings.

Association between stroke and relative fat mass: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES

BackgroundThis study was aimed at investigating the correlation between the occurrence of stroke and relative fat mass (RFM), a novel metric for determining total body fat.MethodsThis cross-sectional study employed the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset, which encompassed the years 2005 to 2018 to assess the independent relationship between RFM and stroke. Moreover, multinomial logistic regression, subgroup analysis, smooth curve fitting, and interaction testing were also used.ResultsThis study included 35,842 participants and 1,267 (3.53%) of them were diagnosed with stroke. Fully adjusted Models showed that RFM was positively associated with stroke (odds ratio [OR] = 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01–1.03). The odds of having a stroke in quartile 4 were significantly elevated by 44%, compared to quartile 1 (OR = 1.44,95%CI:1.09–1.90). In addition, a subgroup analysis also demonstrated that age and BMI significantly impacted the association between RFM and stroke (P for interaction<0.01).ConclusionsElevated RFM is associated with increased odds of stroke, suggesting that RFM may have potential value in the prevention and management of stroke.

QuSpin zero-field magnetometer characterization for the TUCAN experiment

Abstract The TUCAN neutron electric dipole moment experiment utilizes the QuSpin Zero-Field Magnetometer (QZFM) to accurately map residual fields within a large magnetically shielded room. Three potential flaws of the QZFM are characterized in preparation for mapping. The magnetometer’s intrinsic offset was measured to be within ± 3 nT and stable over a period of one year. The response was shown to be within 2 percent of linearity in the zero-field regime, up to 2 nT pp , and then follows a smooth dispersion curve. Crosstalk effects induced by multisensor operation were determined to have a small effect, and inconsequential with a separation above 6 cm. These results enable the QZFM for accurate measurement of DC fields, increase the operational range of QZFM by a factor of more than an order of magnitude, and allow for higher efficiency and flexibility by green-lighting simultaneous operation of multiple QZFMs.

Association of METS-IR index with psoriasis in US adults: a cross-sectional study.

Psoriasis is linked to insulin resistance (IR). Nevertheless, the applicability of the METS-IR index, a new IR evaluation tool, for evaluating changes in insulin sensitivity in psoriasis populations is currently unknown. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the METS-IR index and psoriasis in a US adult population. This cross-sectional study utilized data from adults aged 20 to 80 years from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2003-2006 and 2009-2014. The associations between the METS-IR index and psoriasis were examined using multivariate logistic regression and smoothed curve fitting. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were conducted to verify the stability of the association within the population. This study included 5,966 participants, of whom 182 had psoriasis. In the fully adjusted model, the METS-IR index was positively associated with psoriasis, showing a 1.7% increase in psoriasis prevalence for each one-unit increase in the METS-IR index (Model 2: OR 1.017, 95% CI 1.006-1.028). Participants in the highest quartile group were 91.9% more likely to develop psoriasis compared to those in the lowest quartile group (OR = 1.919, 95% CI 1.180-3.118). Smooth curve fitting revealed a nonlinear association between the METS-IR index and psoriasis, with an inflection point of 41.675. This positive association was more pronounced in females, non-obese individuals, those with light alcohol consumption, comorbid coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia, non-hypertensive and non-diabetic individuals. The results of the study suggest that higher METS-IR scores are associated with an increased likelihood of psoriasis among U.S. adults. The METS-IR index is specifically recommended as a clinical indicator for the management and treatment of psoriasis in women, non-obese individuals, light alcohol consumers, individuals with comorbid coronary artery disease andhyperlipidemia, non-hypertensive and non-diabetic individuals. However, Considering the many known and unknown covariates that may be associated with psoriasis and influence theresults of the study, we remain cautious about the results obtained and look forward to the addition of subsequent studies.

Associations between dietary nutrient intake and sleep disorders in cancer survivors base on NHANES 2005 to 2018.

Sleep disorders significantly impact the quality of life for many individuals, which remain largely unrecognized. It is widely believed that dietary nutrient intake plays a crucial role in promoting healthy sleep patterns. However, there is lack of research focusing on cancer survivors. This study utilized the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database to investigate the correlation between dietary nutrient intake and sleep disorders in cancer survivors. Analyzing data from 2882 cancer survivors in NHANES spanning from 2005 to 2018. Dietary nutrient intake was evaluated through two 24-h dietary recalls. Weighted multivariable logistic regression model was employed to further applied to explore the association between dietary fiber intake and sleep disorders while controlling for relevant confounding factors. Additionally, the nonlinear and dose-response relationships were explored using restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression along with smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis. Stratified analysis and interaction analysis were conducted to assess the consistency of the results. Univariable and multivariable analysis demonstrated that dietary fiber intake showed negative correlation with sleep disorders (P < 0.05). Treating dietary fiber intake as continuous variable. After accounting for all covariates, the study reaffirmed the protective role of dietary fiber (odds ratio [OR]: 0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98-0.99, P = 0.044). Analysis of dietary fiber intake in quartiles further supported this trend (P < 0.001). Interestingly, further investigations indicated that dietary fiber intake was not associated with sleep apnea, insomnia, restless legs syndrome, or other types of sleep disorders (P > 0.05). Notably, no statistically significant interactions were observed in all subgroup analyses except poverty income ratio (PIR) (P for interaction < 0.05), indicating that the protective effect of dietary fiber on sleep disorders was more pronounced in individuals with PIR ≥2.5. Our results suggest that adequate dietary fiber intake may be beneficial dietary strategy to reduce sleep disorders in cancer survivors.