Murraya Koenigii Research Articles

Control of a Semi-closed Plant Factory with Artificial Lighting-based on Two Different LED with NB-IoT

Plant factory artificial light (PFAL) is an effective technique for producing large amounts of crops per area and high-quality plant growth. This work aims to construct a semi-closed PFAL growth system based on NB-IoT using two types of LED arrays: phosphor-converted LED (pc-LED) and RB-LED. Next, while examining the features of the artificial light spectrum, compare the Curry leaf kale and Chinese kale in seedlings under various LED light sources. An NB-IoT module with the MAGELLAN platform monitored and controlled the temperature, humidity, and illumination of the semi-closed PFAL growing system. The results indicate that cos lettuce cultivated with PCLEDs is likely more photosynthesis-capable than cos lettuce grown with RBLEDs. Compared to RB-LED, the average fresh weight of the cos lettuce from PC-LED was significantly higher. The data gathered from the cloud system under the MAGELLAN platform during the 7-day trial, the control of lighting and watering in the semi-closed PFAL system, and the measurement results of environmental factors were all accurately completed. Organic veggies could be grown in a home or school using the semi-PFAL growing technique.

Combination of LC-MS/MS and Molecular Networking in Investigating the Phytochemicals in Murraya koenigii

Combination of LC-MS/MS and Molecular Networking in Investigating the Phytochemicals in Murraya koenigii

Biogenic synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic activity of cerium nanoparticles for treatment of dyes contaminated water

In this study, Murraya Koenigii leaf extract mediated cerium oxide nanoparticles (Ce-NPs) were synthesized using an eco-friendly approach. The surface morphology, elemental composition, surface functional groups, crystal structure and thermal stability of the synthesized Ce-NPs were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis. The synthesized Ce-NPs were evaluated for their photocatalytic activity with respect to degradation of methylene blue dye (MBD) and acid orange-7 dye (AO7D) aqueous solution in the presence of sunlight. The dye degradation activity of the developed Ce-NPs was analyzed by the analysis of absorbance in treated and untreated aqueous dyes solution using UV–Vis spectrophotometer. The result of the study inferred that Ce-NPs have promising photocatalytic degradation ability (>98 %) for both AO7D and MBD (concentration = 10 mg L−1 of each dye) within 100 min exposure to sunlight.

Four powdered plants for prevention of Aeromonas hydrophila disease in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

As alternatives to antibiotics and growth promoters, herbs and medicinal plants can contribute to new strategies for aquatic health management, and have great potential for more sustainable aquaculture. Four plants, Pelargonium roseum, Schinus terenbinthifolius, Murraya koenigii and Aphloia theiformis, widely distributed in tropical countries were studied to assess their efficacy in the prevention and reduction of mortality caused by experimental infection with Aeromonas hydrophila on Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Powdered plants were incorporated into fish feed, and fish were fed with an enriched diet for 40 days before a challenge with the pathogen. No negative impact on the condition factor, weight gain or specific growth rate was observed in fish fed with the plant supplements, and the best growth was observed in fish fed with P. roseum. Mortality was significantly reduced in fish treated with A. theiformis compared to other fish from plant species and control, with a relative survival rate (RPS) of up to 30%.

In Silico Molecular Docking of Phytochemicals of Murraya koenigii Against Streptococcus mutans.

Background The curry leaf tree, Murraya koenigii, is a tropical to subtropical tree in the family Rutaceae that is native to Asia. The plant parts are shown to have potential antimicrobial, antioxidant, antifungal, antidiarrheal, antidiabetic, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. Streptococcus mutans is a facultative anaerobic, Gram-positive cocci, a common inhabitant of the human oral cavity that forms biofilms, contributing to dental caries. Aim The study aimed to analyze the inhibitory potential of phytocompounds in M. koenigii against the oral pathogen S. mutans. Materials and methods The protein and ligand were prepared, and molecular docking was carried out using the Hex protein docking server. The PyMOL program was used to view, analyze, and annotate the docked complex. The interaction of the drug, including the mechanism of action, and predicted adverse effects were predicted using the Way2Drug PASS Online server. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity properties of the drug candidates were analyzed using the SwissADME online server. Results The study identified O-methyl murrayamine, koenigine, koenigicine, and murrayone as having inhibitory potential against the glycosyltransferase protein of S. mutans. Among the four compounds analyzed for docking, koenigicine had the lowest E-score, indicating a strong interaction with the receptor. Among the four compounds analyzed, murrayone had a high topological polar surface area score, while all four compounds had similar bioavailability scores. Conclusion This study concluded that O-methyl murrayamine, koenigine, koenigicine, and murrayone exhibit potent inhibitory potential against S. mutans. M. koenigiileaf extract can be used in toothpaste as an antibacterial agent to protect teeth against dental caries. These findings are important for the potential use of the above compound to act as an anticariogenic agent in oral health applications.

EFEKTIFITAS EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN KARI (<i>Murraya koeginii</i>) DAN CABAI JAWA (<i>Piper retrofractum</i>) TERHADAP LARVA <i>Crocidolomia pavonana zell</i>

The use of chemical pesticides at the level of vegetable farmers is indicated in excessive amounts, while this is very dangerous for both the environment and humans. Chemical pesticides can pollute the environment because they are toxic and overused. Curry leaves (Murrayakoeginii) and Javanese chili (Piper retrofractum) can kill larvae, are safe for animals, and safe for the environment. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of methanol extract of curry leaves (Murraya koeginii) and Javanese chili (Piper retrofractum) against Crocidolomia pavonana Zell larvae. Research method: using a completely randomized design (CRD) with a factorial pattern consisting of two factors, namely the extraction material factor (I) consisting of 2 levels, namely I1 = Javanese Chilli Extract, I2 = Curry Leaf Extract. Furthermore, the extract concentration factor (K) which consists of five levels. The concentration of the extract was determined based on the results of preliminary testing of the test larvae which could cause 15% and 50% mortality of the larvae. Thus, 10 treatment combinations were obtained, each treatment was repeated 3 times, so there were 30 experimental units. In each petri dish, 10 C. pavonana larvae will be introduced, so that the total number of petri dishes is 30 plates along with 300 C.pavonana imago and all of them are observed. Results: Statistical analysis found that to control C. pavonana larvae, Java chili (Piper retrofractum) extract (I1) with a concentration of 0.35% (K1) could be used.

Exploring the Potential of Curry Leaves for their Therapeutic Action

Curry leaves (Murryakoenigii), which are valued for their aromatic flavour, have been mainstay of Indian cuisine for ages. These leaves are becoming more well known for their potential to affect metabolic pathways in additional to their gastronomic value. The molecular mechanistic potential of curry leaves in relation to metabolic control is examined in this abstract. Curry leaves contain a variety of bioactive substance, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory agent, and substance that modulate insulin sensitivity, which have potential to have an effect on crucial metabolic processes. Their contribution to the management of oxidative stress, inflammation, blood sugar, cholesterol, weight, gut health, liver function, thermogenesis, and appetite regulation is discussed in this work. Although encouraging, more study is necessary to complete clarify the mechanism of action and to determine the efficacy of curry leaves in metabolic disorder.

Insecticidal activity, Chemical Constituents of Trachyspermum ammi, Withania coagulans and Murraya koenigii ethanloic extracts against Bemisia tabaci.

Whitefly is one of the most widespread agricultural pests in the world. Essential oils might be used to control this insect in an environmentally responsible way. The fumigant, repellent, and anti-oviposition activity of ethanol-extracted essential oils of Trachyspermum ammi, Withania coagulans, and Murraya koenigii against Bemisia tabaci was investigated in this study. In the experiment, three essential oil concentrations (2.5 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL, and 10 mg/mL) were used. Trachyspermum ammi had the highest percentage of whitefly death in laboratory experiments due to its fumigant toxicity; the same tendency was found in contact toxicity and repellent effect. Mortality percent rises as the concentration of essential oil increases with bioassay time. As the concentration of essential oil grows with bioassay time, so does the mortality rate. The most adult whiteflies escaped from the treated plants' greenhouse due to the highest essential oil concentration. The greatest repellency was found with Trachyspermum ammi essential oil at 10 mg/mL. The essential oil had the greatest anti-oviposition efficacy against whiteflies. Trachyspermum ammi possessed the most potent anti-oviposition deterrent, followed by Withania coagulans in second place. Murraya koenigii finished third with moderate anti-oviposition, which affects the number of eggs produced in comparison to the control. As a consequence, these three oils might be used as an effective and environmentally acceptable bio-insecticide to control B. tabaci.

Antibacterial Efficacy of Plant Aqueous Extracts Against Escherichia coli O157:H7 Bacteria in Grenada, West Indies

Antimicrobial resistance has developed as a major health problem worldwide, endangering the efficacy of antibiotics and imposing a severe burden of resistant infections. The progressive increase in the prevalence of multiple resistant bacterial strains paves the way for the selection of natural plants with antibacterial properties as an alternative substitution for the treatment of bacterial infections. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the antibacterial efficacy of neem (Azadirachta indica), moringa (Moringa oleifera), and curry leaf (Murraya koenigii) against Escherichia coli (E coli) O157:H7 isolated from a fecal sample of a goat from Grenada. This is the first medicinal plant-based research study in Grenada on this important zoonotic pathogen. Aqueous extracts of medicinal plants were evaluated for antibacterial efficacy in vitro, using the agar well diffusion method, and subsequently compared with the antibacterial drug gentamicin. The resulting data demonstrated that aqueous plant extracts of neem leaves, moringa leaves, and curry leaves exhibited in vitro antibacterial efficacy comparable to that of gentamicin against E coli O157:H7 goat isolate. Hence, these plants could be used as an effective substitute for antibacterial agents in prophylactic or therapeutic control of bacterial infections in Grenada.

Murraya koenigii L. Spreng.: An updated review of chemical composition, pharmacological effects, and toxicity studies

Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng, commonly known as curry leaves or “Salam India,” belongs to the genus Murraya and the Rutaceae family. This is a potential medicinal plant highly valued for its distinctive aroma and bioactive compounds. A comprehensive review was conducted through an online study on websites such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Subsequently, previous studies reported that the chemical content of M. koenigii includes alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, alkanes, and sesquiterpenes. This plant exhibits a wide range of pharmacological activities such as antiinflammatory and analgesic effects, antidiabetic properties, anticancer activity, antioxidant activity, wound healing, antipyretic effects, immunomodulation, hepatoprotective effects, antihelminthic properties, antimicrobial activity, antiulcer effects, antidiarrheal effects, antiobesity effects, neuroprotection, and antitrichomonal activity. In addition, the toxicological tests on the extract of M. koenigii did not show signs of mortality or morbidity. Therefore, this study aims to examine the phytochemical content, pharmacological activities, and toxicity of M. koenigii, serving as the basis for future studies in the field of phytomedicine.

Effects of curry (Murraya koenigii) leaves powder supplementation on the bodyweight of broiler chickens

Effects of curry (Murraya koenigii) leaves powder supplementation on the bodyweight of broiler chickens

Constituents of carbazole alkaloids and anti-cancer properties of extracts, mahanine, isomahanine, mahanimbine, and girinimbine from Bergera koenigii

The new name of Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. is Bergera koenigii L., the Indian curry leaf tree. Constituents of carbazole alkaloids from different plant parts of B. koenigii are compiled. Based on the number of reports, mahanimbine (MNB) and koenimbine are the two most dominant carbazole alkaloids from the leaf of B. koenigii. Carbazole alkaloids selected for review are mahanine (MN), isomahanine (IMN), MNB, and girinimbine (GNB) which are pyranocarbazoles as they possess the pyranocarbazole skeleton. MN, IMN, and MNB have 23 carbons and four methyl groups, while GNB has 18 carbons and three methyl groups. The anti-cancer properties of extracts and carbazole alkaloids from B. koenigii are tabulated with information on cancer types, cancer cell lines, effects, and mechanisms. Other pharmacological properties are briefly mentioned. Findings on the anti-cancer properties of extracts and carbazole alkaloids that will generate interest for further research are included as concluding remarks. Eight areas for future research were suggested.

Effect of Murraya koenigii and Aegle marmelos leaves supplementation on gas production kinetics and feed degradation with cattle inoculum

Effect of Murraya koenigii and Aegle marmelos leaves supplementation on gas production kinetics and feed degradation with cattle inoculum

Pancreatic Lipase inhibition assay of various extracts of leaves of Murraya Koenigii in southern areas of Goa

The objective of the study was to assess the lipase inhibitory activities of chloroformic, methanolic and aqueous extracts from the commonly available Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng leaves(Rutaceae) in southern villages of Goa, for potential use in the treatment of obesity. Extracs of the leaves of this plant were evaluated for lipase inhibitory activity using porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL: triacylglycerol lipase) and p-nitrophenyl butyrate in an in vitro assay. Among the three extracts screened, chloroformic extract exhibited the highest pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of 53.42%, followed by methanolic extract (51.88%) and aqueous extract (36.42%), respectively. Chloroformic extract has not been screened for its pancreatic lipase inhibition assay. All the Crude extracts of leaves of Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng leaves (Rutaceae) have potential as pancreatic lipase inhibitory agents. . Chloroformic extract was found to be most effective and hence can be used as a potent anti-obesity agent to combat hyperlipidemia.

Comparative Evaluation of the Curry Spices as a Source of Nutrient Additives

Curry (Murraya koenigii) has been used for flavouring and spicing of food since ancient time and consumption of curry is very high throughout the country especially in Taraba state and by all the tribes. Its medicinal value has also been identified. This work investigated the phytochemical screening, proximate composition, vitamin and mineral composition of the curry leaves and curry flour using standard procedures. The result of the phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of the bioactive constituents comprising flavonoid (2.67±0.01 and 3.15±0.08 mg/100g), steroids (0.35±0.01 to 0.52±0.04 mg/100g) and phenolic (0.83±0.01 to 1.01±0.02 mg/100g), but decrease in saponin (2.96±0.01 to 1.98±0.12mg/100g) in the curry flour and curry leaf respectively the result showed little difference in values between the curry flour and curry leaf. The anti - nutrient composition was found to be as follows; Tannin 0.86±0.01 mg/100g and 1.28±0.03 mg/100g, HCN content 2.72±0.06 and 3.03±0.02 mg/100g, phytate 1.63±0.03 mg/100g and 1.34±0.02 mg/100g, alkaloid content 1.23±0.04 mg/100g and 1.49±0.07 mg/100g. The analysis of the vitamin content showed the presence of the vitamins values for the curry leaves and curry flour were vitamins A (2.65±.01and 3.56±.06), vitamin C (3.78 ±.13 and 5.50±.06) and vitamin B12(0.17±.01 and 0.31±.05). The starchyose and raffinnose values of the curry leaves and curry flour were 0.51±0 .01 - 0.66±0 .04 and 0.36±.03-0.41 ± 0.01%, respectively. The calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, zinc and iron content of the curry leaves and curry flour are 18.62±.08 and 20.29±.19, 28.94±0.09 and 30.95±.08, 35.29 ±0.08 and 42.34±.2, 0.72±.03 and 1.08 ± 0.06, 0.84±.08 and 1.39±0.05 mg/100g, respectively for curry leaves and curry flour. Curry products (leaf and flour) contain some substantial amount of important phytochemicals which possess antioxidant properties and some nutritive vitamins and minerals thus supporting its use as medicinal plant and as food flavouring and spicing condiment.

Phytochemical and Bioanalytical Studies on Murraya koenigii Leaves and Exploring its Pharmaceutical Properties

The curry leaf plant Murraya koenigii is a widely consumed edible plant in Indian subcontinent for its nutritional benefits. Different parts of this plant have been proved to exhibit various pharmaceutical activities. The phytochemical analysis of aqueous leaf extract of M. koenigii indicted the presence of tannins, saponins, steroids, terpenoids and cardiac glycosides. The antimicrobial properties of five solvent extracts of M. koenigii leaves were tested against six pathogenic strains of microbes using agar well diffusion method. The MICs of methanol extract for the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi were 250, 750 and 1000µg/mL respectively. While the acetone extract completely inhibited the bacteria E. coli (≥250µg/mL), it could exhibit the lethality only at high concentrations (≥1000µg/mL) for S. aureus and S. typhi. Moderate effects were shown by ethanol and chloroform extracts with the MICs ranging 750 - 1000µg/mL against the bacteria. The ethyl acetate extract was effective only against E. coli (250µg/mL). The methanol extract inhibited all the fungi with the MICs of ≥1000µg/mL against both Aspergillus niger and Trichophyton rubrum and ≥750µg/mL against Candida albicans. Acetone extract caused moderate (≥750µg/mL) and complete inhibition (≥250µg/mL) respectively of A. niger and C. albicans. The ethyl acetate, ethanol and chloroform extracts were effective only against C. albicans with the MICs ranging 500 - 1000µg/mL. The TLC and GC-MS studies revealed the occurrences of 7 and 13 secondary metabolites respectively in the M. koenigii leaf extracts encompassing three compounds with proven bioactive potentials.

Feasibility Study on Removal of Contaminants using Organic Adsorbents from Industrial Waste Water

Water is important for the survival of human beings. If water contains undesirable particles it will become unfit for our purposes and hence it is necessary to be removed. Water purification is the process of removing physical, chemical and biological contaminants from water. There are various methods in purification of water, but may not be economically feasible. Naturally available herbs have best anti-microbial property, which may restricts the growth of microorganisms and purify water at lower cost. The type of purification can be economically done for waste water from chemical industry. In this research study, the contaminants removal from chemical industry waste water is explored using natural organic adsorbents such as Neem leaf, Curry leaf, and Banana peel powder. These adsorbents are used to reduce pollutants such as oil and grease from the waste water. The purify level of waste water can be found out by conducting various experimental tests for different parameters. The obtained test results are then compared with initial test result to find out which all waste water characteristics had been changed by the use these low cost organic adsorbents.

Antifungal activity testing of curry leaf ethanol extract on the growth of Pityrosporum ovale and Candida albicans fungus

Background: The curry leaf is an Indonesian plant commonly utilized as a spice. Curry leaves are abundant in secondary metabolites, which endow this plant with numerous advantages, including antibacterial and antifungal properties, as well as the ability to reduce blood sugar levels and blood pressure. The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of an ethanol extract derived from curry leaves in suppressing the proliferation of Pityrosporum ovale and Candida albicans fungus. Methods: The symbiotic properties and phytochemical composition of curry leaf simplisia were examined. The antifungal efficacy of the ethanol extract derived from curry leaves was evaluated against Pityrosporum ovale and Candida albicans using the disc diffusion method. Calculate the precise values of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Results: The simplisia of curry leaf fulfills the criteria for simplisia characterization. Curry leaves possess a variety of secondary metabolite chemicals, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, steroids, and triterpenoids. The activity against the inhibition of fungal growth of Pityrosporum ovale and Candida albicans can suppress fungal growth with inhibition zone diameters measuring 6.93±0.15 mm and 7.27±0.47 mm, respectively. The minimum lethal concentration of leaf ethanol extract for Pityrosporum ovale fungi is 8.75%, resulting in a decrease of 98.25%. For Candida albicans fungi, the minimum lethal concentration is 12.5%, resulting in a reduction of 98.37%. Conclusions: The ethanol extract derived from curry leaves has the ability to hinder the proliferation of Pityrosporum ovale and Candida albicans fungus.

A Review On Formulation and Evaluation of Ubtan Facewash

Since the old times, there has been mindfulness among individuals in regards to the utilization of plants for the fundamental Need of a solid and delightful skin Herbal definitions have consistently gotten a Ton of interest because they have great action and Have less or no adverse consequences than manufactured Drugs. Since Normal face are utilizes Tropical face washes made of fixings Accessible in nature, a large part of the new writing Review plant deriveding redients, which might Incorporate spices, blossoms, roots, blossoms, and Rejuvenating ointment, the best thing about home grown Beauty care products is that they give the body Supplements and other helpful minerals. The regular Based individual face care market has encountered Fast development. The objective of this exploration was To create and test a home grown recipe. The Point of this study was to figure out and assess the home grown face wash containing concentrates of Curcuma Longa (Haldi), Murraya Koenigii (curry), Santalum Collection (Sandalwood oil) The plants have been accounted for In the writing having great enemy of microbial, against oxidant and calming , hostile to skin break out, against tanning Movement. Arranged definition was assessed for different boundaries like tone, appearance, consistency, pH, strength review and purchaser acknowledgment test

Essential oil-based nanoemulsion of Murraya koenigii is an efficient larvicidal against Aedes aegypti under field conditions

Murraya koenigii is a plant species with economic and cultural importance in Asian countries. Many studies have shown a wide biopotential of M. koenigii products, including for insect control. Aedes aegypti is the main vector of dengue, among other arboviruses. Estimates show that approximately 2.5 billion people are at risk of infection. Attempts at vector control favored the emergence of resistance to available chemical insecticides. Therefore, it is necessary to develop alternative formulations for vector control. This research aimed to evaluate the larvicidal activity of the essential oil from M. koenigii leaves against Ae. aegypti. The death time and bioavailability of the material in aqueous medium, as well as the influence of the type of breeding site on the lethal effect, were investigated. A nanoemulsion was developed as a dispersion system to increase the bioavailability of the essential oil. A test for evaluating the mutagenic potential of Allium cepa meristems was performed as a form of toxicological screening. It was observed that the essential oil from M. koenigii leaves was highly promising in terms of larvicidal activity against Ae. aegypti, both under controlled conditions and in the field. The nanoemulsion showed adequate stability and considerably increased the bioavailability time of the active ingredient in a liquid medium. No genotoxic events were observed in A. cepa cells, but the nanoemulsion showed antiproliferative effects.