Curricular Approaches Research Articles

Problematika Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka Di Sekolah: Tantangan Membangun Kualitas Pendidikan

This journal discusses the challenges and ideals in implementing the Independent Curriculum in schools. This research aims to identify the main obstacles faced by teachers and educational institutions in implementing the Independent Curriculum approach. Through qualitative analysis and surveys in various schools, the findings show that while the ideals of the Merdeka Curriculum promote an inclusive approach and are oriented towards active learning, many challenges arise in terms of lack of resources, training and systemic support. The results of this research provide in-depth insight into the efforts needed to maximize the potential of the Independent Curriculum in improving the quality of education at the school level. This study makes a significant contribution in the context of improving and improving the national education system.

The Role of Bloom’s Taxonomy in Curriculum Approach

The background of this study was to examine how big the role of Bloom's taxonomy is in the curriculum approach as a work tool that functions to clarify learning objectives, to develop an education system in a more efficient direction. This research uses the Library Research method, this method was chosen because with the Library Research method researchers can clearly analyze various conceptual information as well as qualitative and quantitative data from previous research. The conclusion obtained is that with the progress of the times, education must also develop and one of the education systems used in learning is the curriculum. With an efficient curriculum and in accordance with the needs of students in his day, the curriculum can be said to have succeeded in achieving its goals. Bloom's Taxonomy is present as a framework to help and also as evaluation material to revise or update the existing curriculum.

Medical students on the COVID-19 frontline: a qualitative investigation of experiences of relief, stress, and mental health.

During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, medical students were abruptly removed from clinical rotations and transitioned to virtual learning. This study investigates the impact of this shift on students' wellbeing and preparedness for advanced training. Through qualitative research methods, including semi-structured interviews, the experiences of medical students working on the COVID-19 frontline were explored. The comprehensive findings of the study shed light on the profound emotional journey that medical students embarked upon during the relentless public health crisis. Within the chaos and overwhelming demands of the pandemic, medical students discovered a profound sense of purpose and fulfillment in their contributions to the welfare of the community. Despite the personal sacrifices they had to make, such as long hours, limited social interactions, and potentially risking their own health, students reported feelings of relief and gratitude. Tailored support systems for medical students' wellbeing are crucial for improving healthcare delivery during crises. Medical schools should adopt a holistic curriculum approach, integrating interdisciplinary learning and prioritizing student wellbeing. Recognizing the pandemic's impact on students and implementing targeted support measures ensures resilience and contributes to an improved healthcare system.

Pengembangan Modul Ajar Materi Puisi dengan Pendekatan Kontekstual pada Kurikulum Merdeka untuk Siswa Kelas X SMKN 1 Percut Sei Tuan Tahun Pembelajaran 2022/2023

This research focuses on developing a teaching module for poetry material with a contextual approach in the Independent Curriculum for class X students at SMK N 1 Percut Sei Tuan for the 2022/2023 academic year. The results of the author's interviews with several students at SMKN 1 Percut Sei Tuan show that students lack confidence in learning to write poetry, and students are even less interested in poetry material. This is proven by the level of student learning focus, namely only 40% of all students are focused during the teaching and learning process. Apart from that, the lack of references for vocabulary and ideas that will be expressed when learning to write poetry is also one of the obstacles experienced by students. The researcher took research samples from three classes, namely TKJ 1 with 32 students, TKJ 2 with 32 students, and TKJ 3 with 32 students, so the total sample was 96 people. The type of research carried out in this research uses the research and development (RnD) method. The validation results from material experts and design experts on the teaching materials developed show the "feasible" category. The feasibility percentage can be detailed in the form of material expert validation results, a percentage of 98%. Validation from design experts obtained a percentage of 83% which was categorized as very feasible.

Comparative analysis of comprehensive care approach in health education curriculum

The theme of comprehensive care in the training of health professionals is linked to one of the main pillars that underlie the creation of the Unified Health System (SUS). The expansion of the dimension of care in professional practice implies, in addition to3q the rearrangement of health care, the need for effective professional training with a view to transforming health practices, depending, then, on principles, conditions and procedures for training courses. of the Higher Education System. This work can be classified as exploratory-analytical, of a quantitative nature and, in terms of procedures, a documentary study. The graduation in Biotechnology did not present DCN. The analysis of the documents revealed speeches that broaden the concept and universe of health. The terms involved with comprehensive care were: “health promotion”; “health protection”; “attention levels”; “broad concept of health”; “Being biopsychosocial”. Medicine and pharmacy courses are the courses with the most recent DCNs. Even so, the contextualization of teaching focused on the principles and guidelines of the SUS, such as comprehensiveness, is more evidently noted in medicine. Nursing, Dentistry and Nutrition structure the care axes in a similar way: Health care; Decision-making; Communication; Leadership; Administration and management; Permanent Education. The “Health Care” axis was what ensured the principle of integrality in the three graduations. Finally, there was an association between integrality in health and the generalist profile, teamwork, and the integration of specialties within each course.

Strengthening English Language Learning Through an Independent Curriculum Approach

This research aims to investigate the effectiveness of the "Independent Curriculum" approach in strengthening English language learning. The Merdeka Curriculum, which emphasizes student autonomy and an interest-based learning approach, is applied to a number of high school students in Indonesia. The research method used is a qualitative method with observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis as data collection instruments. The research results show that the Merdeka Curriculum approach is able to increase learning motivation, active involvement of students in the learning process, as well as students' English language skills, especially in the aspects of speaking and writing skills. In addition, students also show an increase in creativity and critical thinking skills. In conclusion, the Merdeka Curriculum approach offers an innovative and effective alternative in learning English, while supporting the formation of independent, creative and critical student character.

The Importance of the Training Profile of the Graduate with Intellectual Disabilities and Adaptation to an Appropriate Occupational Profile

The training profile of the graduate of different study levels represents a regulatory component of the National Curriculum. It describes the expectations expressed towards students at the end of primary education, compulsory education and pre-university education, by referring to the requirements expressed in the National Education Law, in other educational policy documents and in specialized studies, the purposes of education, the development characteristics of students. According to the ISE, the training profile of the 8th and 12th grade graduate is structured according to the development of the eight key competencies, as a structured set of knowledge, skills and attitudes, which ensure the personalization of learning and the solving of new problems.
 The occupational profile represents a synthetic description of the content of an occupation and the main requirements (of a mental, physical, educational nature, etc.) necessary for its exercise. The development of the occupational profile is based on the skills required at the respective workplace and the achievement criteria (with reference to the occupational standard).
 Can we train the employability skills of a graduate with intellectual disabilities integrated into mainstream education whose curricular approach has been adapted and customized to his needs? Does simple adaptation of knowledge favor the professional integration of graduates with intellectual disabilities?
 After completing their school years, young people with intellectual disabilities will need to be integrated professionally, provided they are supported and have access to the basic information needed to go through this process.

Facilitating Mathematics and Computer Science Connections: A Cross Curricular Approach

In the United States, school curricula are often created and taught with distinct boundaries between disciplines. This division between curricular areas may serve as a hindrance to students’ long-term learning and their ability to generalize. In contrast, cross-curricular pedagogy provides a way for students to think beyond the classroom walls and make important connections across disciplines. The purpose of this paper is a theoretical reflection on our use of Expansive Framing in our design of lessons across learning environments within the school. We provide a narrative account of our early work in using this theoretical framework to co-plan and enact interdisciplinary mathematics and computer science (CS) tasks with a team of elementary school educators and school district personnel. The unit focuses on the concepts of exponents in mathematics and repeat loops as a control structure in computer science. Using a narrative approach, we describe what occurred during the collaborative planning of lessons and subsequent enactments in two fifth-grade classrooms and one computer lab and provide a practitioner‑oriented account of our experience.

Integration of Religious Moderation in Developing an Islamic Religious Education Curriculum

This research aims to explain the integration of various modes in developing an Islamic religious education curriculum. This type of research is qualitative with a research library approach. Research data consists of data on religious moderation, curriculum development, and PAI material from primary sources in the form of relevant books and journals. Data collection techniques are carried out using documentation. The researchers' data sources were obtained from books and journals about religious moderation, curriculum development, and PAI materials. Data analysis uses Content Analysis. Based on the research results obtained, the integration of religious moderation in the Islamic religious education curriculum has the potential to produce education that is more inclusive, tolerant, and respectful of diversity of beliefs. A curriculum development process that considers principles of religious moderation tends to create a learning environment that is more open to interreligious dialogue and better understanding between religious groups. The importance of training for teachers and education stakeholders in implementing the integration of religious moderation in Islamic religious education practices. Periodic evaluation of the curriculum that has been integrated with various moderations needs to be carried out to ensure that integration goals are achieved and are in line with societal developments. This research results provide recommendations for stakeholders in Islamic religious education to adopt and develop a diverse moderation approach in curriculum as a step towards a more harmonious and inclusive society. Thus, this conclusion shows that the integration of religious moderation in developing an Islamic religious education curriculum can make a positive contribution to creating more inclusive and tolerant education, as well as encouraging better understanding between religious groups. In addition, this research also highlights the importance of training and sustainability evaluation in carrying out this integration effectively.

Costa Rica & the United States: A transnational early literacy study

ABSTRACT This transnational comparative study between Costa Rica and the United States provides an in-depth understanding of the similarities and differences of the early literacy practices of educators in the Pre-Kindergarten to Kindergarten classroom settings. Drawing upon Costa Rica’s curricular approach to Early Childhood Education, based upon the Ministerio de Educación Pública, this study positions the learner as the center of the schooling process and considers the teacher as a facilitator, mediator who knows the learners and their families. The main conceptual framework which has guided this research project is the National Reading Panel six pillars of literacy instruction. Specific findings include similarities in early literacy practices for both Costa Rica and the United States include role-playing, hands-on activities, and visual aids. General findings revealed that Costa Rica’s approach to early literacy practices was more holistic and integrated, in comparison to the United States with a more focused and analytical approach.

Transformation of The Independent Curriculum: Strengthening the Islamic Dimension in Islamic Education

The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the implementation of the independent curriculum in the context of Islamic religious education with a focus on strengthening the Islamic dimension. type / research approach in the form of Library Research. Literature research is a research method carried out by collecting and analyzing various relevant literature sources, such as books, scientific journals, articles, and other documents, in order to answer research questions or gain a deeper understanding of a particular topic or issue. The results of the Independent Curriculum Transfomrasi research to strengthen the Islamic dimension in Islamic religious education, namely a). the concept and essence of the independent curriculum; b) The need to strengthen the Islamic dimension in Islamic religious education; c) Independent curriculum approach and strategy in Islamic religious education; d) implications and challenges in strengthening the Islamic dimension through the Merdeka Curriculum.

Critical Reading and Student Self-Selected Texts: Results of a Collaborative, Explicit Curricular Approach

ABSTRACT This research asks whether a competency-based curriculum designed to integrate information literacy, critical reading, and writing improves students’ ability to critically read sources and then use source content for their own purposes. We hypothesized that critical reading-infused library instruction, course instruction, and curriculum support via peer consultation (intervention group) would positively impact students’ critical reading facility and ability to synthesize sources into meaningful writing as opposed to students who do not receive this instruction (control group). Our research indicates a strong correlation between students’ navigating a critical reading curriculum for a research project with self-selected texts and positive research-based writing outcomes for these courses. Students in the intervention group were more likely to be able to integrate source material effectively into their self-selected research-based projects than students in the control group.

Visual thinking strategies for interprofessional education and promoting collaborative competencies.

Interprofessional education (IPE) curricula require approaches that address the needs of learners from multiple professions and levels of clinical experience. Frameworks based in the arts and humanities, which can improve learners' skills in collaborative competencies such as communication and team building, remain limited in IPE. We describe the development, implementation and evaluation of a visual arts-based IPE session for over 400 interprofessional learners. During the 90-min session held in 2021, an art museum educator first guided learners through observations of art works using the Visual Thinking Strategies (VTS) approach. Subsequently, small groups of six to eight interprofessional learners and two trained facilitators explored how their observations were influenced by personal and professional identities and made connections to interprofessional collaborative practice. Two hundred eleven of the 407 student attendees responded to the post-session survey (52%). Eighty percent of the respondents agreed or strongly agreed that 'the art of observation activity is an effective means of starting discussions with interprofessional teams.' On the Interprofessional Collaborative Competency Attainment Survey, a validated tool assessing changes in interprofessional collaboration-related competencies, there was a significant increase between pre- (M = 45.73, SD = 8.05, p < 0.001) and post-session scores (M = 51.46, SD = 7.97, p < 0.001), using a paired t-test analysis. Qualitative analysis of learners' takeaways identified themes of open-mindedness, hearing other opinions and perspectives, collaboration/teamwork, patient-centeredness and awareness of biases. Our curricular approach shows how integrating visual arts-based pedagogies into IPE activities with learners from diverse disciplines and clinical experiences is both feasible and helpful for developing collaborative competencies.

Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education: A New Curriculum Paradigm in the Gambia

This paper discusses on the new curriculum approach being pursued in The Gambia, which is introducing innovation and entrepreneurship courses in all educational programmes at tertiary and higher education levels. The Government of The Gambia through the Ministry of Higher Education, Research, Science and Technology (MoHERST) has in 2021 taken up a policy decision to introduce through and embedded approach innovation and entrepreneurship modules in all educational courses at tertiary and higher education levels (MoHERST, 2022). The paper relying on existing literature and policy documents discusses on the education structure of the Gambia and the qualifications frameworks in place to guide the deployment of this new curriculum approach, identifying the collaboration pathways with industry actors and in alignment with international best practices (NAQAA, 2022). The paper further elaborates on the role of each of the actors of the innovation ecosystem and how they coordinate in promoting the development and implementation of the new curriculum in The Gambia. It has detailed how the academic institutions, industry actors, regulators, students, as well as communities interrelate in nurturing and pursuing innovation and entrepreneurship skills towards strengthening the innovation ecosystem in The Gambia. This paper further discusses on the potential benefits of the new curriculum approach and the impact it will create in supporting and ensuring a sustained socio-economic development is achieved in The Gambia. Finally, the paper concluded by proposing policy recommendations for adoption in enriching and upgrading the new curriculum approach in a bid to improving its impact in the overall national development drive in the Gambia.

A Review of Statistics Education Reform Efforts in Korea

Statistics education reform in Korea has played a critical role in innovating school mathematics education, as it provides students with skills necessary for a data-driven world. Over the past two decades, numerous researchers, teachers, and governmental support have been devoted to enhancing statistics education. The impact of these reform efforts has led to significant changes in the goals, learning content, structure, instructional methods, and assessment approaches in the national mathematics curriculum, mathematics textbooks, and mathematics classrooms. This article outlines key contributions to improving statistics education since the end of 1990s. It reviews the trend of statistics education research and government initiatives in developing a research-based statistics education system and highlights major changes in the national mathematics curricula and the mathematics textbooks: namely, the enhancement of real-world connection, the integration of statistical problem solving approaches, and the incorporation of technology in statistics education at all school levels. The article also presents prospects and challenges for continuing the reform of statistics education in Korea, based on lessons learned during the review of the reform efforts.

Thinking beyond Ecology: Can Reskilling Youth Lead to Sustainable Transitions in Agri-Food Systems?

Green and decent work in the Global South is inextricably linked to sustaining rural livelihoods especially in agriculture that has undergone significant deskilling under the top-down, technocentric assemblages of the Green Revolution. Additionally, agrarian communities are also seeing youth quitting farming occupations in search of better livelihood options. Scholarly attention to green transitions though has been largely limited to the ecological dimensions. Enacting futures with a focus on ecologically responsible livelihoods need to go beyond existing narratives of technocentric and economic change and foreground the diverse micro institutional innovations that offer newer framings of reskilling. The growing evidence of agroecological initiatives across India indicates less discussed stories of transformation and innovations. Recognising the processes and linkages that allow for, and hinder, transformations at multiple scales and organisational levels is crucial for designing transformative initiatives and policies. Using two illustrative case studies, this paper explores opportunities for green work and the newer skills that might be required to enable sustainable agri-food systems. The case of Natural Farming Fellows (NFFs), a unique programme to encourage young agri-graduates to pursue Natural Farming is presented to understand enabling processes at the grassroots level. The second study explores institutional initiatives to engage rural youth through discussing the pedagogy and curricular approach of a Gandhian university along with opportunities to intern with field organisations. Together, these cases illustrate possible pathways and complexities underlying the process of nurturing sustainable livelihoods, the conception of which needs a broader idea of skilling based on personal aspirations and institutional support.

Interventions to improve equational reasoning: replication and extension of the Cuisenaire-Gattegno curriculum effect.

The ability to reason about equations in a robust and fluent way requires both instrumental knowledge of symbolic forms, syntax, and operations, as well as relational knowledge of how such formalisms map to meaningful relationships captured within mental models. A recent systematic review of studies contrasting the Cuisenaire-Gattegno (Cui) curriculum approach vs. traditional rote schooling on equational reasoning has demonstrated the positive efficacy of pedagogies that focus on integrating these two forms of knowledge. Here we seek to replicate and extend the most efficacious of these studies (Brownell) by implementing the curriculum to a high degree of fidelity, as well as capturing longitudinal changes within learners via a novel tablet-based assessment of accuracy and fluency with equational reasoning. We examined arithmetic fluency as a function of relational reasoning to equate initial performance across diverse groups and to track changes over four growth assessment points. Results showed that the intervention condition that stressed relational reasoning leads to advances in fluency for addition and subtraction with small numbers. We also showed that this intervention leads to changes in problem solving dispositions toward complex challenges, wherein students in the CUI intervention were more inclined to solve challenging problems relative to those in the control who gave up significantly earlier on multi-step problems. This shift in disposition was associated with higher accuracy on complex equational reasoning problems. A treatment by aptitude interaction emerged for both arithmetic equation reasoning and complex multi-step equational reasoning problems, both of which showed that the intervention had greatest impact for children with lower initial mathematical aptitude. Two years of intervention contrast revealed a large effect (d = 1) for improvements in equational reasoning for the experimental (CUI) group relative to control. The strong replication and extension findings substantiate the importance of embedding these teaching aides within the theory grounded curricula that gave rise to them.

A Comparative Study of Student Selection Systems in Korean and American Teacher Training Universities Focusing on Music Teachers

This study aims to enhance the system for nurturing elementary school music teachers in South Korea through a comparative analysis with the United States, focusing on the student selection methods and curricular approaches in teacher training universities. By examining the differences between the two countries, particularly in relation to the admission process and the content of music education programs, this research seeks to identify potential areas for improvement in South Korea's teacher preparation system. The findings reveal significant differences between the two countries in their approach to selecting pre-music teachers. All 10 universities of education in Korea do not require applicants to demonstrate prior musical knowledge or proficiency in playing musical instruments for admission into the music education department. In contrast, the music education departments of the 10 universities in the United States mandate auditions, indicating a higher level of preparedness expected from applicants. It shows that minimum preparation to become a music teacher, handling musical instruments, basic musical knowledge has a great impact on teaching music and the teachers’ own efficacy.

Challenges of Learning Social Science in the "Merdeka" Curriculum in Elementary Schools

The "Merdeka" curriculum is an educational approach that aims to pay attention to individual needs and encourage independence in learning. In the social studies learning context, Their Curriculum recognizes the importance of developing a comprehensive understanding of social, political, and economic issues that affect everyday life. Social science learning covers various aspects such as history, geography, economics, politics, and sociology. The challenge faced in social studies learning is to ensure that students understand the complexities and relationships between various concepts and phenomena in social studies. Students also need to learn about analytical and problem-solving skills that are relevant in social contexts. Another challenge is facing technological developments and globalization which can affect the way students obtain information and interact with the outside world. Social science learning needs to consider the integration of technology in the learning process to ensure students can understand and deal with social changes that occur. In addition, it is also important to ensure that social studies learning includes different perspectives and social experiences. In an increasingly heterogeneous society, students need to understand and appreciate the diversity of cultures, values ​​and social systems that surround them. In facing this challenge, an active, collaborative, and problem-based learning approach can be an effective solution. Through this approach, students can engage in discussions, research, and real projects that are relevant to their daily lives. This will help them develop the deep understanding and skills needed to participate actively in society. In conclusion, Social Studies learning under the "Merdeka" Curriculum approach faces challenges in understanding the complexity of social issues, integrating technology, respecting diversity, and developing relevant skills. However, with an appropriate learning approach, students can overcome these challenges and become socially skilled and informed individuals.

Exploring a framework for integrated STEM: challenges and benefits for promoting engagement in learning mathematics

Advocacy of STEM curricular approaches is based on a concern to engage students in authentic disciplinary and interdisciplinary practices in the STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) disciplines, and the need to promote participation in STEM pathways. The STEM Academy professional learning program was developed to support teachers to engage and motivate students by creating real-world, challenging problems. The initiative involved interdisciplinary teams of secondary STEM teachers attending workshops and working with university experts to design, implement and evaluate STEM curricular experiences. This paper focuses on case studies undertaken in two of the twelve schools involved in the initiative, using interview data from teachers and students, to explore the nature of their programs and their experiences. We investigate key features of these two schools’ approaches, using a conceptual framework for integrated STEM, and explore the challenges and benefits of different features of integrated STEM that promote different dimensions of engagement in learning mathematics. We explore how the framework characteristics can be reframed into four dimensions that promote mathematics engagement in integrated STEM education - design thinking in authentic contexts, content integration, STEM practices and 21st Century skills, and exposure to professional practice.