Current Training Programs Research Articles

Нормативне забезпечення професійної підготовки майбутніх учителів музичного мистецтва в контексті завдань Нової української школи

Розкрито необхідність узгодженості змісту нормативних документів загальноосвітніх навчальних закладів та закладів вищої освіти, що готують фахівців спеціальності 014 Середня освіта (Музичне мистецтво) в контексті концептуальних завдань Нової української школи. Встановлено неузгодженість між концептуальними завданнями сучасної української школи і змістом освітньо-професійних навчальних програм. Розглядається «емоційний інтелект» як ключове поняття в інноваційному виді навчання. Формування емоційного інтелекту учнів у значенні наскрізного уміння визначено одним із завдань Концепції «Нова українська школа»; це спрямовує професійну підготовку майбутнього вчителя, його готовність до реалізації провідних положень державної освітньої політики в практику загальноосвітньої школи. На основі аналізу Державного стандарту початкової освіти, типової освітньої програми виокремлено зміст емоційного інтелекту як спільної навички для всіх компетентностей, якими мають оволодіти учні. Протиріччя між необхідністю впровадження реформаторських змін в освітній процес сучасної української школи і відсутністю відповідного нормативного забезпечення професійної підготовки майбутніх учителів музичного мистецтва до такої діяльності зумовлює нагальну потребу у коригуванні змісту чинних освітньо-професійних програм підготовки спеціалістів зазначеного фаху.

Micro-enterprise development training and entrepreneurial competencies among low-income households in Malaysia

Purpose Low-income households form a significant portion of the Malaysian population. To improve the socio-economic condition of low-income households, development organizations in Malaysia offer a wide range of development trainings, discussions and group or center meetings. This study aims to examine the impact of enterprise development training programs on entrepreneurial competencies among Peninsular Malaysia microentrepreneurs. Design/methodology/approach Adopting a cross-sectional design, the authors collected data from 300 randomly selected microentrepreneurs from the list of microentrepreneurs provided by eKasih (the National Poverty Data Bank), across four states of Peninsular Malaysia. Quantitative data were collected through structured interviews with the respondents from October to November 2017. Findings The findings revealed that enterprise development training programs significantly affected three of six entrepreneurial competencies (i.e. opportunity recognition competency, organizing competency and relationship competency). These findings highlight the importance of enterprise development training programs towards microentrepreneurs in increasing their competencies. Originality/value Through its insights, the study enriches the understanding of low-income communities in emerging economies, while offering significant practical implications. Based on findings, it is recommended that development organizations should therefore continue the current microenterprise development training programs. With improved entrepreneurial competencies, microentrepreneurs can thrive amidst competition yet sustaining business performance.

The Reform and Practice of Educational Technology Major in the Age of Artificial Intelligence 2.0

The current professional talent training program, curriculum setting, teaching method, etc., of educational technology major have failed to meet the requirements for the society gradually. There are three main aspects of the “AI+” Educational Technology professional reform of Changchun Normal University: knowledge, ability and the professional qualities. In the future, artificial intelligence will play an irreplaceable role in improving the quality of teaching and learning.

P.874 Aggression in psychiatric outpatients: Clinical and therapeutic variables from territorial faculty of the city of Milan

The objective of this study was to present the process of developing a rural surgery training track within an established residency program and review the current rural surgery training programs in the nation.This study reviews current rural surgery training opportunities at Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education accredited surgical residencies in the United States and presents the process of creating the University of Minnesota's rural surgery training track.This study was performed at the University of Minnesota, in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and at Essentia Health—Saint Mary's Medical Center, in Duluth, Minnesota.Accredited general surgery residencies were reviewed. The creation of a designated rural surgery training track added an additional rural-designated surgical resident during each postgraduation year and created a required postgraduation year 2 rural surgery rotation for all categorical surgical residents.Two hundred sixty-eight surgery residency programs were reviewed. Twenty-seven had required rural rotations, 10 offered only elective rural rotations, and 4 had dedicated National Resident Matching Program codes for rural training tracks. After review of national rural surgery training opportunities, the University of Minnesota's process of creating a designated rural surgery training program required attention to 5 main components: needs assessment and review of local opportunities, surgery residency review committee approval, funding, surgical education, and clinical/operative education.Increasing opportunities for surgical residents to train in rural settings may help with recruitment of medical students and retention of surgeons pursuing careers in rural surgery.

Cross-Cultural Validity Study of a Medical Education Leadership Competencies Instrument in Latin American Physicians: A Multinational Study.

PURPOSEPhysicians rarely receive formal training in leadership skills. Çitaku and colleagues have identified a set of leadership competencies (LCs) providing validity evidence in North American (NA) and European Union (EU) medical education institutions. We aim to apply this same survey to a sample of Latin American (LA) medical leaders from the oncology community and related areas, compare the results with those of the previous survey, and perform subgroup analyses within the LA cohort.METHODSThe survey was sent to nearly 8,000 physicians of participating professional organizations. In addition to the 63 questions, we also collected data on the type of institution, country, specialty, sex, age, years of experience in oncology, and leadership position.RESULTSThe 217 LA respondents placed the highest value on task management competencies (91.37% reported these as important or very important v 87.0% of NA/EU respondents; P < .0001), followed by self-management (87.45% of LA respondents v 87.55% of NA/EU respondents; P = not significant [NS]), social responsibility (86.83% of LA respondents v 87.48% of NA/EU respondents; P = NS), innovation (86.69% of LA respondents v 85.31% of NA/EU respondents; P = NS), and leading others (83.31% of LA respondents v 84.71% of NA/EU respondents; P = NS). Social responsibility, which was first in importance in the NA/EU survey, was only third in the LA survey. Subgroup analyses showed significant variations in the ratings of specific LCs within the LA population.CONCLUSIONLCs valued by LA leaders somewhat differ from those valued by their NA and EU counterparts, implying that cultural aspects might influence the perception of desired LCs. We also detected variations in the responses within the LA population. Our data indicate that current physician leadership training programs should be tailored to suit specific needs and cultural aspects of each region. Further validity studies of this instrument with other samples and cultures are warranted.

Patient-reported receipt of oral cancer screenings and smoking cessation counseling from US oral health care providers: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2015-2016

BackgroundOral health care providers are encouraged to screen for oral cancer (OC) and oropharyngeal cancer (OP) and promote smoking cessation to their patients. In this study, the authors investigated the prevalence and correlates of receiving OC and OP screening and tobacco and OC and OP counseling from oral health care providers. MethodsThe authors analyzed self-reported survey data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2016 for participants who reported a dental visit. They created different samples for each subanalysis and categorized them according to smoking status. The authors calculated weighted proportions and adjusted odds for receiving tobacco counseling and screening for OC and OP in a dental office. ResultsOverall, 25.85% of US adults 30 years or older who had ever visited an oral health care professional received OC and OP screening. Odds of receiving an OC and OP screening were lower among current cigarette smokers than among never cigarette smokers (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.30 to 0.74) and among non-Hispanic blacks (AOR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.59), Mexican Americans (AOR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.10 to 0.53), non-Hispanic Asians (AOR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.35), and those of other races (AOR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.65), than among non-Hispanic whites. Participants with a high school education or more had higher odds of receiving an OC and OP screening (AOR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.04 to 3.43) and counseling for screening (AOR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.51) than did those with less than a high school education. Participants with family incomes of 400% or more of the federal poverty guideline had higher odds of receiving OC and OP screening (AOR, 5.17; 95% CI, 2.06 to 12.94) but lower odds of receiving tobacco counseling (AOR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.82) than did participants with family incomes of less than 100% of the federal poverty guideline. ConclusionsOral health care providers underscreen for OC and OP among high-risk groups, including current cigarette smokers, minorities, and people of low socioeconomic status. The authors charge oral health care educators to include OC and OP screening and smoking cessation counseling in training and continuing education programs to increase the confidence of oral health care providers. Practical ImplicationsPotential to influence change on current pre-doctoral clinical training programs and to increase opportunities for continuing education courses that review the importance of, as well as, how to successfully complete smoking cessation counseling.

INTEREST GROUP SESSION—GRANDPARENTS AS CAREGIVERS: GERONTOLOGICAL INTERVENTION SCIENCE: FOUR DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO GRANDFAMILY RESEARCH

For nearly three decades, the interest in custodial grandparents and their grandchildren has resulted in empirical studies from scholars addressing both the challenges and strengths often experienced by grandfamilies (i.e., grandparents and the grandchildren in their home). As the scholarship of intervention science increases in interest and as scholars continue to advance the field of knowledge with grandfamilies, it is important to share best-practices as we plan the future of gerontological intervention science. In this symposium, investigators with extensive experience researching custodial grandparents and in creating, testing, and refining interventions with grandfamilies will present theoretical, methodological, and practical lessons learned and empirical findings from their interventions. The first paper, by Musil and colleagues, will address a current online training program addressing resourcefulness with grandmothers. Second, Montoro-Rodriguez and Hayslip will discuss the use of the selective optimization with compensation model as applied to a goal-setting intervention with grandparents. The third paper by Fruhauf, Yancura and colleagues will address the progress and impact from the first two years of their intervention with grandparents, grandchildren, and service providers. The final paper, presented by Webster, Smith, and Infurna will focus on a dyadic intervention with grandparents and adolescent grandchildren as they seek to build social intelligence. Hayslip, the discussant, will integrate key points from these interventions while addressing considerations for future research as scholars embark on refining and testing their interventions related to grandparents raising grandchildren.

EARLY-LIFE MILITARY EXPOSURES AND HEALTH AMONG OLDER VETERANS: THE BUFFERING EFFECT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE

Objectives Drawing on the life course framework and theoretical concept of resilience, we examine the impact of early-life service-related exposures (SREs) on later-life functional impairment trajectories among older U.S. male veterans. We conceptualize resilience as a psychological resource potentially moderating the lasting negative consequences of traumatic military exposures. Method Using the 2013 Veterans Mail Survey linked to the Health and Retirement Study 2006–2014 Leave Behind Questionnaire and RAND Data File (v.N), we estimate latent growth curve models of functional impairment trajectories. Results SRE to death has a persistent positive effect on functional limitations and activities of daily living limitations. Psychological resilience significantly moderates this association, such that veterans maintaining higher levels of resilience in the face of adverse exposures have considerably less functional impairment over time compared to their counterparts with low levels of resilience. Discussion Our findings point to the importance of psychological resilience in later life, especially within the realm of traumas occurring in early life. We discuss implications for current military training programs, stressing the importance of research considering individual resources and processes that promote adaptation in the face of adverse life events.

An analysis of the Syllabi on Classroom Management Related Courses in Elementary School Teacher Preparation Institutions

담임교사에게 필수적으로 요구되는 역량 중 하나는 학급경영 역량이다. 학급은 교육이 이루어지는 최전선이며, 학급이 성공적으로 경영될 때 그 교육의 성과가 더욱 효과적으로 나타나기때문이다. 특히 대부분의 시간을 학생들과 한 공간에서 함께하는 초등교사의 경우 학급경영 역량은 더욱 중요하다. 이러한 중요성에도 불구하고 현행 초등교원양성 프로그램에서 학급경영 역량을 얼마나 길러주고 있는지에 대한 연구는 거의 없다. 현행 교원양성 프로그램에서 학급경영과 관련되어 있는 과목은 2019년도 교원자격검정 실무편람에 명시되어 있듯 교직이론인 ‘교육행정 및 교육경영’과 교직소양인 ‘교직실무’이다. 이에 본 연구는 13개의 초등교원양성기관에서 가르치고 있는 두 과목의 강의계획서를 토대로 교과목명, 강의 개요 및 목표, 강의 내용을 비교분석하여 학급경영 역량이 교육대학교에서 얼마나 길러지고 있는지 탐색하였다. 이를 위해 교원자격 검정령 시행규칙, 교원자격검정 실무편람, 학급경영 관련이론 4가지, 그리고 학급경영 영역 9 가지를 준거로 삼았다. 연구결과 첫째, ‘교육행정 및 교육경영’과 ‘교직실무’의 교과목명은 1/3이 넘는 초등교원양성기관에서 법규에 명시된 명칭과 다르게 사용하고 있었다. 둘째, ‘교육행정 및 교육경영’의 강의내용은 학급경영 관련이론 위주로 운영되고 있었다. 셋째, ‘교직실무’의 강의내용은 ‘교육행정 및 교육경영’에 비해 학급경영의 이론보다 학급경영 영역에 더욱 초점이 맞추어져 있었으며, 대부분에서 행동경영, 외부관계의 학급경영 영역 관련 내용을 강의에 포함시키고 있었다. 끝으로 연구결과를 토대로 논의점 및 시사점을 제시하였다.The class is the front line of education, and when the class is successfully managed, the performance of the education is more effective. Especially, in the case of elementary school teachers in South Korea who spend most of their time in one space with students, the importance of classroom management competence intensifies. The purpose of this study is to analyze and explore whether the classroom management capacity is being developed in the current elementary school teacher training program in South Korea. For this purpose, the study analyzed syllabi of two subjects (i.e. ‘Education Administration and Education Management and ’Teaching Practice’) taught by all elementary school teacher training institutions in South Korea. The results show that names, contents of the lectures, quality of contents vary greatly by elementary teacher training universities. Based on the results of the study, the discussion points and implications are suggested.

Study On Effectiveness Of Skill Development Programme For Entrepreneurs In Coimbatore

The main objective of this project is to determine the effectiveness of the Skill Development Training Programme provided to the entrepreneurs in Coimbatore. The purpose of the research process is tso provide guidelines and suggestions for improving and enhancing the existing training programme in the organization. The research design adopted for this study is Descriptive research. Primary data is used for the study. The primary data was collected through questionnaire with close ended questions. Analysis is done using Percentage analysis, Weighted Average method, Chi-square test and Weighted Rank method to derive the appropriate statistics on opinion of the employees. This study helps the management to improve the current training programme of the company.

How to Receive Criticism: Theory and Practice from Cognitive and Cultural Approaches

Mistakes in clinical practice may have life-or-death consequences for patients. Training in how to give and receive feedback has been emphasized in medical education for decades, yet medical practitioners continue to struggle with these practices. Giving feedback is difficult because it is not easy for a receiver to receive feedback. Current training programs lack an in-depth understanding of the causes of why receiving feedback is not easy. The purposes of this article are to (1) fill this gap by identifying the shared weaknesses in human nature as the causes underlying the difficulty in receiving feedback, especially criticism, using a cognitive approach; (2) develop logical principles to treat the identified causes; (3) show the shared common wisdom of how to receive criticism through a multicultural approach; and finally, (4) address how these cognitive and multicultural approaches may facilitate receiving criticism in the field of medical education.

Current oncology training programs lack adequate education in fertility preservation counseling

Current oncology training programs lack adequate education in fertility preservation counseling

Knowledge and attitude study among the nursing staff working in a tertiary care hospital in Southern India

Background: Hand hygiene is recognised as one of the leading measure to prevent cross transmission of micro-organisms. Inadequate hand hygiene practices are common cause of nosocomial infections. Nurses are considered as the “nucleus of health care system” Because of the time they spend with patients than any other health care workers. Hence their compliance with hand washing guidelines seems to be more vital in preventing the disease transmission among patients.Methods: Despite the simplicity of the procedure, compliance with hand hygiene among health care providers in particular nurses is as low as 40%. This study aims at assessing knowledge, attitude and practice of hand hygiene of the nursing staff working in a tertiary care hospital.Results: Among the 140 study participants 74% were female nurses. Majority of the study participants (78%) had average knowledge of hand hygiene in the pre-test session The health education and training session on correct hand hygiene methods significantly(p&lt;0.001) improved the knowledge and attitude of the nursing staff, during the post-test session 87% of the nurses had good knowledge and 100% had positive attitude.Conclusions: Our study shows the importance of improving the current training programmes targeting the hand hygiene practices among nursing staff. Hand hygiene training sessions need to be conducted more frequently with continuous monitoring and performance feedback to encourage them and their fellow nurses to follow correct hand hygiene practices.

EQ + SQ = ST2: a spiritually intelligent approach to actor training. Part two: principles in practice

ABSTRACTThis article follows on from a previous exploration (published in Vol. 6, # 1, May 2018) into the links between current psychological concepts of emotional and spiritual intelligence and Stanislavskian-based principles; here considering how aspects of both might be integrated into current training programmes. The author starts by outlining some key findings from a recent research project and goes on to answer some of the more challenging questions that might be raised against such an approach, before making recommendations for future exploration of the concepts. Current trainers have a responsibility to prepare students not just to “act well” but also to “work well” and – most importantly – to “live well” and this article continues to explore the question of “how?” introduced in Part One.

Percutaneous cardiological intervention and cardiac surgery: patient-centered care. Position statement of the Spanish Society of Cardiology.

The percutaneous treatment of coronary artery disease and some structural cardiovascular diseases has undergone spectacular changes. More and more patients with different types of heart disease are being treated by percutaneous or transcatheter interventions, with no such increase in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. This situation has led to different types of approach, requiring an objective analysis that includes all the factors possibly influencing these changes. This document assesses the 2 scenarios where this problem is most evident: coronary revascularization and the treatment of aortic stenosis. The document analyzes the situation of coronary revascularization in Spain, and the causes that may explain the differences between the number of patients who currently undergo percutaneous revascularization and those who undergo coronary surgery. In contrast, treatment of aortic stenosis through transcatheter aortic valve implantation will lead to a foreseeable reduction in the number of candidates for surgical replacement. Several international scientific societies have published the requirements on training and experience and the necessary operator and center volumes to implement a transcatheter aortic valve implantation program, conditions that the Spanish Society of Cardiology, adopting a patient-centered approach, considers absolutely essential. Given that the 2 forms of intervention (percutaneous and surgical) are complementary, multidisciplinary patient assessment (Heart Team) remains crucial to offer the best treatment option. In this scenario of diverse approaches, a key figure is the clinical cardiologist. Finally, the changes currently occurring in the treatment of structural heart disease will, in future, lead to the performance of procedures requiring the participation of professionals from both specialties. This approach will require a redesign of current training programs.

“In somno securitas?” Is it time for anaesthetists to train in patient safety?

“<i>In somno securitas</i>?” Is it time for anaesthetists to train in patient safety?

Cross-cultural validation of a medical leadership competencies survey in Latin-American physicians: A multinational study.

10517 Background: Despite the growing complexity in the healthcare sector, physicians rarely receive formal training in leadership skills. In a previous survey, Citaku et el identified a set of leadership competencies (LC) which were evaluated by North-American (NA) and European (EU) leaders involved with medical education. We aim 1) To apply this same survey to a population of Latin-American (LA) physicians from the oncology community and related areas who hold leadership positions of various levels; 2) To compare the results with those of the previous survey and 3) To perform subgroup analyses within the LA cohort. Methods: The survey was sent to close to 8.000 members of contributing medical societies from LA countries. In addition to the 63 questions with 5 possible responses, we also collected data on type of institution (private vs public), country of practice, main specialty, gender, age, years of experience in oncology and years of experience in leadership position. Results: We collected a total of 217 responses on a web-based tool. LA leaders placed the highest value on task-management competencies(91,37% of `important` or `very important` responses vs 87,0% for NA/EU; p &lt; .0001), followed by self-management(87,45% vs 87,55%; p = NS), social responsibility(86,83% vs 87,48% ; p = NS), innovation(86,69% vs 85,31% ; p = NS) and leading others(83,31% vs 84,71% ; p = NS). Social responsibility, which was first in importance in the NA/EU survey, was only third in the LA survey. Subgroup analyses revealed significant interactions which will be fully presented. Conclusions: We successfully applied the survey to a population of LA medical leaders from the oncology community and related areas. LC valued by LA leaders somewhat differ from those valued by their NA/EU counterparts, implying that cultural aspects might influence the perception of desired/required LC. We also detected significant variations in the responses within the LA population. Our data might indicate that current physician leadership training programs should be tailored to suit specific needs and cultural aspects of each region. Further validation of this survey in other clusters of world culture is warranted.

Efficacy of Food Safety Training in Commercial Food Service.

Proper food safety training is essential to decrease incidences and overall rates of foodborne illnesses and outbreaks. Though many commercial restaurants should provide proper food safety training to food handler employees, this training is not always offered or effective. Here, we summarize the results of a primary literature study concerning the effectiveness of food safety training in commercial settings. The literature chosen for review contained only studies with experimental food safety training, with before and after training data. Through evaluation of these studies, the best practice for ensuring effective training and follow-through were the use of food safety training programs, which incorporated both knowledge and behavior-based training. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Food safety managers in food service establishments may consider reevaluating their current food safety training program to incorporate behavioral-based food safety training in addition to knowledge-based training.

Genetic counseling job market in the United States and Canada: An analysis of job advertisements 2014-2016.

Genetic counseling careers continue to evolve, yet there remains a lack of information about hiring trends in the genetic counseling profession. In this study, job advertisements in the United States and Canada were analyzed, using the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) Job Connections and the American Board of Genetic Counseling (ABGC) eBlasts from 2014 to 2016 to appraise job roles, qualifications, settings, specialties, and type. NSGC had 1875 advertised openings from 2014 to 2016, while ABGC had 373 advertised openings. Jobs containing a "counseling" role increased as a percentage from 2014 to 2016 when advertised by NSGC (χ2 =25.52, p<0.000001) but decreased each year from 2014 to 2016 as a percentage when advertised through ABGC (χ2 =14.29, p=0.0008). In the ABGC job postings, it was noted that 36% of job postings were advertised for other specialties (not solely cancer, pediatric, or prenatal) in 2014, and increased to 67% in 2016 (χ2 =10.09, p=0.02). Examining the job specialties posted by ABGC and NSGC, several new or unique roles were found in the job advertisements such as ophthalmology counselor, variant curator, rare diseases information specialist, and clinical policy analyst. Roles for temporary, contract or fellowship positions are possibly becoming more common, along with small upturns in positions that are off-site or remote. In analyzing the changing workforce, there was a statistically significant decrease identified in jobs advertised by NSGC in the laboratory setting from 28% in 2014 to 17% in 2016 (χ2 =24.12, p=0.000024). This information on the evolving career of genetic counseling is valuable for the current workforce and training programs as they adapt with the changing landscape of the profession.

Unexpected Lessons from a Mass Casualty Simulation: Strategies for Management of the Minimally Injured Can Increase Efficiency and Decrease Chaos

Introduction:The SALT Triage system has been advocated as an easy-to-use sorting and treatment system for mass casualty incidents (MCI). Minimally injured (GREEN) patients tend to be in the majority and may cause impediments to access and treatment of the most critically injured (RED). By identifying flaws in MCI communications that impair effective patient care, responders can be more effective.Aim:To discover strategies that effectively manage the minimally injured and leverage their help, increasing triage efficiency and treatment of the immediate casualties.Methods:Direct observation, after-action debriefing, and literature search.Results:The literature was vague regarding recommendations on a bystander and trained provider communication best practices. Feedback from standardized patients (actors) and participants during a structured debriefing following a 2018 American Society of Anesthesiology MCI exercise suggested that triaging providers under stress may communicate poorly, contributing to increased patient anxiety, disruptive behavior, and less effective team dynamics during a disaster. Strategies suggested include: eye contact; therapeutic touch (culturally appropriate); using slow, clear, reassuring speech; clearly explaining what is happening and why (sickest (RED and YELLOW) first priority, minimal (GREEN) next, expectant (BLACK) last); acknowledging their emotional state and their grief (not ignoring them); assigning nontechnical tasks to those capable of helping (putting pressure on a wound, moving casualties, or comforting the injured, dying, and the emotionally distraught).Discussion:Bystander engagement has been repeatedly identified as a means to increase the capacity of first responders to provide care to patients during an MCI. Utilization and management of the minimally injured and any uninjured bystanders and responders can become a force multiplier for the triage/treating responders. Developing a best practice dialogue to be used in training first responders could help improve many of these issues and augment current MCI training programs.