Current Ratio Research Articles

Determinan Harga Saham pada Perusahaan Pertambangan Di Indonesia

Before making an investment, investors must analyze stock prices to avoid unfavorable situations. This study aims to determine the effect of Return on Asset (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE) and Current Ratio (CR) on stock prices in mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study uses quantitative research. The population in this study is mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample selection used purposive sampling and obtained 42 data samples. The data in this study are secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and the company's official website. This study uses data analysis techniques, namely multiple linear regression analysis using IBM SPSS version 29. The results of this study indicate that return on assets does not affect stock prices in mining companies, return on equity has a positive and significant effect on stock prices in mining companies and current ratio does not affect stock prices in mining companies.

Analysis of the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Financial Performance

This study aims to analyze financial performance during and after the covid-19 pandemic in information technology companies in ASEAN countries. Financial performance variables are proxied by profitability ratios using Return On Asset (ROA), liquidity ratios using Current Ratio (CR), activity ratios using Total Asset Turnover (TATO), and solvency ratios using Debt To Equity Ratio (DER). Using company financial data with a cross-country population in countries that are members of the ASEAN countries including Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, and Thailand. The total number of samples used was 84 information technology companies. This research is a quantitative research with analysis method using Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test comparative analysis. The results showed significant differences in Indonesia in CR and DER, and in Thailand in TATO. This study also shows from the five countries that Indonesia has the best financial performance because it experiences a significant average increase. compared to other countries that tend to experience an average decrease even though it is not significant. The decline can be seen in Malaysia and Thailand which experienced an average decline, while in Singapore and the Philippines although there was a decrease but there was also an increase.

Amorphous InZnSnO Thin-Film-Transistors Performance Enhancement with Low-Energy Xenon Pulsed-Light Annealing

The electrical characteristics and stability of amorphous indium-zinc-tin oxide (IZTO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) were significantly improved in this study using low-energy Xenon pulsed-light annealing (PLA). In comparison to conventional furnace annealing (FA), PLA treatment significantly reduced the processing temperature and annealing time. Besides, the defect states are obviously reduced from 1.73×1012 cm-2 to 6.53×1011 cm-2 by PLA treatment, resulting in improved device electrical characteristics and enhanced reliability, including improved carrier mobility from 20.08 to 39.61 cm2/V∙s, threshold voltage from 0.82 to 0.24 V, subthreshold swing (S.S.) from 0.54 to 0.24 V/decade, and the ON/OFF current ratio from 2.32×107 to 7.31×108. In addition, the enhanced stability is observed under both positive gate-bias stress (PGBS) of VGS = 30 V and negative gate-bias stress (NGBS) of VGS = –30 V for a stress duration of 3000 s. The threshold voltage shift (ΔVTH) is reduced from 8.31 V to 1.65 V and from –3.93 V to –1.51 V, respectively. This is the first time low-energy PLA was conducted for IZTO TFT performance improvement.

Needs Analysis on the Module Development for Working Sandwich Generation in public University in Malaysia

The number of caregivers of older people will increase to 60% by 2040 to maintain the current ratio of caregivers to older people, which in turn will impact on their mental health and career needs. This study provides the profile, characterisation and needs analysis of the samples, which were conducted using non-probability convenience sampling. This included 201 sandwich and non-sandwich generation working at a public university in relation to coping with caring responsibilities, workplace challenges, personal development and interest in specific programmes or support systems to strengthen and improve coping strategies, adaptability and resilience of employees in the workplace. Understanding these dynamics, improved the development of modules and services to better meet the specific needs of these groups. The aim of this study is to identify the need for stress coping strategies, career adaptability and career resilience and to analyse needs-based programmes for the working sandwich generation. The needs analysis shows that the development of modules must be taken into account when designing a career intervention modules. The research proposes a comprehensive intervention module for career guidance programs to aid sandwich generation in coping with stress, enhancing career adaptability and resilience.

The Impact Of Working Capital Management On Profitability In Micro And Small Processed Food Enterprises In Indonesia

Effective management of working capital is essential for the profitability and long-term sustainability of micro and small-scale processed food businesses. However, at present, the business has not yet developed strong competency in managing working capital efficiently. This can certainly increase the potential for business bankruptcy, especially in the processed food business. This research examines the impact of working capital management, liquidity, and solvency ratios on the profitability of 1,563 micro and 241 small processed food enterprises in Indonesia. Multiple linear regression is used to assess the relationship between working capital management and profitability. The independent variables include the payable deferral period, inventory conversion period, current ratio, and debt-to-asset ratio, while profitability, as the dependent variable, is measured by return on assets (ROA). The findings indicate that both the payable deferral period and debt-to-asset ratio significantly affect the profitability of micro and small businesses, with the current ratio having a particular effect on the profitability of small businesses. These findings suggest that improving financial management practices, such as daily sales optimization and enhanced cash flow monitoring, could significantly enhance profitability in the micro and small processed food sector.

Numerical Modeling of Water Transport in a Microporous Layer-Coated Porous Transport Layer for a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Water Electrolyzer with an Interdigitated Flow Field for Internal Gas-Liquid Separation

A novel design for interdigitated flow fields in polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzers has been developed for both ground and space applications. This design separates oxygen and liquid water internally, eliminating the need for water circulators to remove bubbles and external gas-liquid separators with buoyancy. The capillary pressure in the hydrophobic microporous layer (MPL) of the anode porous transport layer facilitates internal separation of oxygen gas and pressurized liquid water. A finite element model (COMSOL Multiphysics) simulates water transport in the MPL, while electrochemical impedance spectra determine the electrochemical kinetic parameters for the model. The model takes into account the oxygen bubble coverage of the cathode, liquid water saturation in the MPL, and the current ratio between liquid water and water vapor at the MPL-cathode layer interface. The vapor from liquid water in the MPL is modeled to mix with oxygen for diffusion. A volumetric water evaporation rate as a linear function of liquid water saturation in the MPL is assumed, where the rate constant is estimated from vapor permeation tests.

Numerical Modeling of Water Transport in a Microporous Layer-Coated Porous Transport Layer for a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Water Electrolyzer with an Interdigitated Flow Field for Internal Gas-Liquid Separation

A novel design for interdigitated flow fields in polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzers has been developed for both ground and space applications. This design separates oxygen and liquid water internally, eliminating the need for water circulators to remove bubbles and external gas-liquid separators with buoyancy. The capillary pressure in the hydrophobic microporous layer (MPL) of the anode porous transport layer facilitates internal separation of oxygen gas and pressurized liquid water. A finite element model (COMSOL Multiphysics) simulates water transport in the MPL, while electrochemical impedance spectra determine the electrochemical kinetic parameters for the model. The model takes into account the oxygen bubble coverage of the cathode, liquid water saturation in the MPL, and the current ratio between liquid water and water vapor at the MPL-cathode layer interface. The vapor from liquid water in the MPL is modeled to mix with oxygen for diffusion. A volumetric water evaporation rate as a linear function of liquid water saturation in the MPL is assumed, where the rate constant is estimated from vapor permeation tests.

Investigation of ELectrochemical Behavior of Ferri/Ferrocyanide Redox on Carbon Paste Based Electrodes for Mercury (II) Electrochemical Sensor

The electrochemical characterisation of the materials used to make sensors is mostly based on the cyclic voltametry method. Cyclic voltametry is an electrical method for the dynamic study of electrochemical systems. Through a reversible potential sweep, the material is studied in contact with the ferri/ferrocyanide. Ferri/Ferrocyanide is one of the most studied chemical compounds in electrochemistry and photo-electrochemistry because of its singular known and controlled reactivity. The appearance of voltamorams and mathematical expressions make it possible to collect the information necessary for understanding the reaction. An electrode material is considered active if it shows a reversible peak in contact with the redox marker in cyclic voltametry. The mechanism of the reaction is also assessed using the peak potential difference ΔEp. The nature of the mass transport is determined by the anodic and cathodic peak current ratio Ipa/Ipc. The aim of this work is to compare the electrochemical activity of the Feri/Ferrocyanide couple achieved with carbon paste-based electrodes for application to the electrochemical sensor. The study of the peak potential difference ΔEp showed that the composition of the electrode material influences the reaction mechanism at the interface. Material transport and electronic charge transfer are impacted by complex phenomena. By studying the electrical quantities potential difference ΔEp, formal standard potential E° and current ratio Ipa/Ipc, the electrochemical sensors developed can be optimised.

Interfacial modification of CuO/Ga2O3 by plasmonic Pt for high performance self-powered solar-blind UV photodetector

Applications for solar-blind photodetectors (PDs) vary widely and include space communications, ozone monitoring, and more. In this study, pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and ion sputtering were employed to develop an unusual self-powered deep ultraviolet (UV) photodetector based on CuO/Ga2O3 with a Pt nanoparticles (NPs) interface. The Pt NPs interface transforms the device design from heterojunction to Schottky junction. The device features a low dark current of 83.2 fA and performs a high photo-to-dark current (Iphoto/Idark) ratio of 1.72 × 104, a specific detectivity (D*) of 9.98 × 1011 Jones, and a quick decay time of 56 ms upon 254 nm UV light at 196.5 μW/cm2 without any power supply. The CuO/Pt/Ga2O3 Schottky junction-based device outperforms the CuO/Ga2O3 heterojunction-based device in terms of detection capabilities in both biased and non-biased settings. This is explained by the Schottky barrier creation mechanism with both Ga2O3 and CuO films, as well as how the plasmon resonance effect (PR effect) balances the barrier on the Ga2O3 side. Furthermore, Pt NPs serve as a potential well, offering an additional recombination channel that accelerates the decay process when the light is turned off. Our findings pave the way for more optoelectronic uses of Ga2O3-based solar-blind UV photodetectors in the future.

Small-Molecule Mixed Ionic-Electronic Conductors for Efficient N-Type Electrochemical Transistors: Structure-Function Correlations.

The fundamental challenge in electron-transporting organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors (OMIECs) is simultaneous optimization of electron and ion transport. Beginning from Y6-type/U-shaped non-fullerene solar cell acceptors, we systematically synthesize and characterize molecular structures that address the aforementioned challenge, progressively introducing increasing numbers of oligoethyleneglycol (OEG; g) sidechains from 1g to 3g, affording OMIECs 1gY, 2gY, and 3gY, respectively. The crystal structure of 1gY preserves key structural features of the Yn series: a U-shaped/planar core, close π-π molecular stacking, and interlocked acceptor groups. Versus inactive Y6 and Y11, all of the new glycolated compounds exhibit mixed ion-electron transport in both conventional organic electrochemical transistor (cOECT) and vertical OECT (vOECT) architectures. Notably, 3gY with the highest OEG density achieves a high normalized transconductance of 25.29 S cm-1, an on/off current ratio of ~106, and a turn-on/off response time of 94.7/5.7 ms in vOECTs. Systematic optoelectronic, electrochemical, architectural, and crystallographic analysis explains the superior 3gY-based OECT performance in terms of denser ngY OEG content, increased crystallite dimensions with decreased long-range crystalline order, and enhanced film hydrophilicity which facilitates ion transport and efficient redox processes. Finally, we demonstrate an efficient small-molecule-based complementary inverter using 3gY vOECTs, showcasing the bioelectronic applicability of these new small-molecule OMIECs.

Small‐Molecule Mixed Ionic‐Electronic Conductors for Efficient N‐Type Electrochemical Transistors: Structure‐Function Correlations

The fundamental challenge in electron‐transporting organic mixed ionic‐electronic conductors (OMIECs) is simultaneous optimization of electron and ion transport. Beginning from Y6‐type/U‐shaped non‐fullerene solar cell acceptors, we systematically synthesize and characterize molecular structures that address the aforementioned challenge, progressively introducing increasing numbers of oligoethyleneglycol (OEG; g) sidechains from 1g to 3g, affording OMIECs 1gY, 2gY, and 3gY, respectively. The crystal structure of 1gY preserves key structural features of the Yn series: a U‐shaped/planar core, close π‐π molecular stacking, and interlocked acceptor groups. Versus inactive Y6 and Y11, all of the new glycolated compounds exhibit mixed ion‐electron transport in both conventional organic electrochemical transistor (cOECT) and vertical OECT (vOECT) architectures. Notably, 3gY with the highest OEG density achieves a high normalized transconductance of 25.29 S cm‐1, an on/off current ratio of ~106, and a turn‐on/off response time of 94.7/5.7 ms in vOECTs. Systematic optoelectronic, electrochemical, architectural, and crystallographic analysis explains the superior 3gY‐based OECT performance in terms of denser ngY OEG content, increased crystallite dimensions with decreased long‐range crystalline order, and enhanced film hydrophilicity which facilitates ion transport and efficient redox processes. Finally, we demonstrate an efficient small‐molecule‐based complementary inverter using 3gY vOECTs, showcasing the bioelectronic applicability of these new small‐molecule OMIECs.

Analysis of the Effect Financial Ratios to Probability Default With the Risk as Moderation in Indonesian Building Construction Sub-Sector Companies

The construction and building sector are one of the important sectors for Indonesia development and economy, furthermore it is also being an indicator in assessing the economic development of a country. The development in the sector of construction and building, which is currently facing intense market competition, is encouraging many companies to improve their management fundamentals. A company's inability to anticipate changes can result the decreasing in business volume, which eventually has a negative impact on profits and caused bankruptcy. The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of GPM, NPM, CR, DER, TIE, and TATO by moderating risk on probability default (probability of bankruptcy) in the construction and building companies in Indonesia which registered on the IDX for the 2014-2023 period. The research method used in this research is a panel data model to estimate the coefficient model. The result shows that Total Assets Turnover (TATO) has a positive and significant effect on the probability of bankruptcy. Meanwhile, Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Current Ratio (CR), Debt Equity Ratio (DER), and Times Interest Earned (TIE), does not have a significant effect on the probability default in the construction and building companies.

PENGARUH INSTITUTIONAL OWNERSHIP, SALES GROWTH, DAN RASIO KEUANGAN LAINNYA TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN

The purpose of this research is to show empirically the factors that influence firm value. This research wants to test whether variables such as institutional ownership, sales growth, capital structure, return on assets, debt to asset ratio, current ratio, and dividend payout ratio have an influence on firm value. The sampling method used in this research was a purposive sampling technique with total data obtained from 2020-2022, namely 124 sample companies from the consumer cylicals, consumer non-cylicals and healthcare sectors that met the research criteria. The analysis technique applied is the multiple regression method. This research shows that sales growth and return on assets influence firm value, while institutional ownership, capital structure, debt to asset ratio, current ratio, and dividend payout ratio do not influence firm value.

FINANCIAL RATIOS AFFECTING FIRM VALUE AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AS MODERATING VARIABLE

The goal of this research is to gather the empirical data regarding the influence of financial performance, leverage, board of commissioner, sales growth, firm size, liquidity, and dividend policy on firm value. Moreover, corporate governance moderates the impact of financial performance on firm value. The non-financial company used in this research is the consumer cyclicals and non-cyclicals companies with total 43 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2020 to 2022. The hypothesis testing method used is multiple regression method that resulting financial performance, board of commissioner, sales growth, firm size, and liquidity impact the value of a firm. Strong financial performance will attract investors to invest in company, which will grow stock price. Independent commissioner monitors company’s financial statement that is align with company’s real condition, so it increases investor’s trust as well as firm value. Higher sales growth, the lower firm value due to higher tax expense and production cost. Higher total asset causes lack of efficiency in supervising operational activities and strategies by management. Greater current assets, reflect higher current ratio, have lower return than fixed assets. Therefore, the firm value will decrease. Corporate governance negatively moderates the influence of financial performance on firm value. In decision-making, investors consider high managerial ownership due to opportunistic management’s propensity. Meanwhile, leverage and dividend policy have no impact on firm value.

Investigation of low temperature amorphous (InxGa1−x)2O3 films modulated by indium content for optimization in solar-blind photodetector

In this study, bandgap engineering of amorphous (InxGa1-x)2O3 alloy films fabricated at room temperature using pulsed laser deposition and alloy targets with different indium contents from 0 % to 50 % have been investigated. The effect of indium content on the characteristics of (InxGa1-x)2O3 films and the performance of metal–semiconductor-metal solar-blind photodetectors have been explored in detail. The moderate number of indium atoms introduced into Ga2O3 can obtain a flat surface morphology and adjusted bandgap to enhance the performance of solar-blind photodetector. When the excessive indium atoms were incorporated into the film, the obviously In enriched (InxGa1-x)2O3 alloy nano-clusters are observed on the film surface despite of the low growth temperature. It can be attributed to the segregation phenomenon because of the solid solubility limitation for indium in Ga2O3. Both of dark current and photocurrent of (InxGa1-x)2O3 photodetector increase with the incremental indium content mainly attributed to enhanced oxygen deficiency. As a result, the solar-blind photodetector can achieve an optimal performance using a balanced indium content of 20 % with an extremely low dark current of 4.4 × 10-12 A, a responsivity of 10.8 mA/W, a substantial on/off current ratio of 1.5 × 104 and a short rise/decay time of 0.33 s/0.54 s.

2D MoSe2 Geometrically Asymmetric Schottky Photodiodes

AbstractOptoelectronic devices based on geometrically asymmetric architecture have recently attracted attention due to their high performance as photodetectors and simple fabrication process. Herein, a p‐type 2D MoSe2 photodetector based on geometrically asymmetric contacts is reported for the first time. The device exhibits a high current rectification ratio of ≈104 and a large self‐powered photovoltage responsivity of ≈4.38 × 107 V W−1, as well as a maximum photocurrent responsivity of ≈430 mA W−1 along with a response time of ≈2.3 ms under 470 nm wavelength at 3 V bias voltage. The photocurrent responsivity is further enhanced to an ultrahigh responsivity of ≈1615 mA W−1 by applying a gate bias voltage due to the electrostatic modulation of carrier concentration in the MoSe2 channel. The simple fabrication process of the geometrically asymmetric MoSe2 diodes along with their high photodetection and diode rectifying performance make them excellent candidates for electronic and optoelectronic applications.

Concern for Quality in Indian Higher Education

Abstract: The nations with the best higher education systems will rule the world in the twenty-first century because, in addition to increasing social and personal wealth, education also has a direct or indirect bearing on all other facets of development, including intellectual, social, cultural, artistic, economic, moral, and human resources. In India, the number of universities, college campuses, and university-level institutions as well as the number of students enrolled has increased dramatically. Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA), a Centrally Sponsored Scheme launched by the Indian government in 2013, aims to improve the state of higher education. As a result, the current enrolment ratio is at 27.3% The nation has seen a notable gain in enrolment, but as of right now, concerns remain about the quality, which is crucial to meeting objectives and carrying out national policy. Higher education faces a number of challenges, including inadequate facilities, a curriculum focused on exams, memory-based exams, a lack of qualified faculty, subpar teaching techniques, a lack of funding, uneven government policies regarding education, political unrest, vested political interests, high demand from the youth, growing privatization, a lack of access and equity, etc. There exist numerous other comparable difficulties, all of which are rigorously analysed in this work along with potential answers.

Analisis Penggunaan Model Zmijewski (X-Score) dan Altman (Z-Score) untuk Memprediksi Potensi Kebangkrutan pada PT Waskita Karya Persero Tbk

This study aims to predict the potential bankruptcy of PT Waskita Karya Persero Tbk. Quantitative descriptive research type. The population used is the financial statements of PT Waskita Karya Persero Tbk with a sample of financial position reports and income statements from 2018-2023. Research data collection was carried out using documentation and literature studies. The analysis technique is the Zmijewski model (X-Score) with the three ratios, namely return on assets, debt ratio, current ratio and Altman model (Z-Score) with four ratios, namely the ratio of working capital to total assets, retained earnings to total assets, earning before interest and taxes to taotal assets, book value of equity to book value of debt. The research results of the Zmijewski model (X-Score) show that PT Waskita Karya Persero Tbk in 2018 is predicted to be a healthy company because the X-Score value is below the value of 0, in 2019-2023 it is predicted that the company has the potential fo bankruptcy because the X-Score value is above the value of 0. Meanwhile the Altman (X-Score) model shows that PT Waskita Karya Persero Tbk in 2018 is in gray zone because the Z-Score value is between 1.1 and 2.60, in 2019-2023 it is ini the danger zone because the Z-Score value is below the value of 1.1.

Synaptic and membrane properties of cholinergic interneurons in the striatum of aristaless-related homeobox gene mutant mice.

A whole-cell patch-clamp study was carried out to investigate membrane and synaptic properties of cholinergic interneurons in the striatum of aristaless-related homeobox gene (ARX) mutant mice. Brain slices were prepared from mice knocked in two types of ARX, P355L (PL) and 333ins (GCG)7 (GCG). The input resistance of cholinergic interneurons in PL or GCG mice was significantly smaller than that in wild type (WT), whereas resting membrane potential, threshold of action potentials, spontaneous firing rate, sag ratio or afterhyperpolarization of the mutant mice were not significantly different from those of WT mice. In GCG mice, NMDA/AMPA ratio of excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) evoked in cholinergic interneurons was significantly smaller than that in WT and PL mice, whereas the ratio between PL and WT mice was not significantly different. Although inhibitory effects induced by dopamine D2-like receptor activation on the inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) were not significantly different between WT and PL or GCG mice, increase in the paired pulse ratio of IPSCs by dopamine D2-like receptor activation was abolished in PL and GCG mice. The present results have found abnormalities of neuronal activities as well as its modulation in the basal ganglia in ARX mutant mice, clarifying basic mechanisms underlying related disorders.

High-Performance p-Type Quasi-Ohmic of WSe2 Transistors Using Vanadium-Doped WSe2 as Intermediate Layer Contact.

Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), such as tungsten diselenide (WSe2), hold immense potential for applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices. However, a significant Schottky barrier height (SBH) at the metal-semiconductor (MS) interface reduces the electronic device performance. Here, we present a unique 2D/2D contact method for minimizing contact resistance and reducing the SBH. This approach utilizes vanadium-doped WSe2 (V-WSe2) as the drain and source contacts. The fabricated transistor exhibited a stable operation with p-type quasi-ohmic contact and a high on/off current ratio surpassing 108 at room temperature, reaching 1011 at 10 K. The device achieved an on-current of 68.87 μA, a high mobility of 103.80 cm2 V-1 s-1, a low contact resistance of 0.92 kΩ, and remarkably low SBH values of 1.51 meV for holes at VGS = -120 V with fixed VDS = 1 V. Furthermore, a Schottky photodiode has been fabricated, utilizing V-WSe2 and Cr as the asymmetric contact platform, showing a responsivity of 116 mA W1-. The findings of this study suggest a simple and efficient method for improving the performance of TMDC-based transistors.