Current Environmental Situation Research Articles

PREVENTION OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION IN THE COASTAL AREA OF ALBANIA

Water space on the globe occupies a total area of about 360 million km2, which constitutes 70% of the Earth's surface, becoming the most important mode of transportation in the field of import and export trade. Our daily lives are closely linked to the sea, where water surfaces have become an important part of people's lives around the world. However, the current situation of the marine environment is not optimistic, marine pollution has become a significant topic in today's society. All marine pollution incidents such as oil spills or leaks, chemical incidents, plastic pollution, air pollution from ships, etc., have caused significant and difficult recovery of the marine environment. Today, a special attention is being given to the prevention and control of the appearance of these marine pollutions, as well as the management of polluted waters. The MARPOL Convention is the main international convention covering the prevention of pollution of the marine environment by ships from operational or accidental causes. The aim of this study is to give an overview of the existing marine pollution in the coastal part of Albania and develop solutions to existing problems. The Republic of Albania has acceded to this convention, has drafted national legislation as well as management plans for the prevention of marine pollution.

Research on Thermal Comfort Evaluation and Optimization of Green Space in Beijing Dashilar Historic District

Global warming and urban heat island effects negatively impact the development of urban thermal environments, making them very uncomfortable to live in. Green space plays an essential role in controlling and improving air pollution, regulating the microclimate, and enforcing compliance with public health requirements. Therefore, this study explored the relationship between green space and thermal comfort in the historical neighborhood of Dazhalan in Beijing through questionnaires, observational interviews, and numerical simulations. The current situation of the microclimate environment in the green space of the block was observed first. Then, the microclimate environment was simulated by the ENVI-met 5.6 software. The thermal comfort of the three types of space, such as enclosed space, strip space, and corner space, was also evaluated to explore the coupling relationship between different green space elements and microclimate evaluation factors. It was found that the thermal comfort PET had a positive correlation with the sky openness SVF. The green space morphology was quantitatively measured, and it was found that the thermal comfort PET had a negative correlation with the three-dimensional green quantity of green space. The paper developed managing strategies for optimizing the layout and construction mode of the green space. The ultimate goal was to rationally match the greening planting, improve the pavement of the underlying surface of the block, and optimize the design of the internal space topography.

Ubiquitous Role of Phosphine-Based Water-Soluble Ligand in Promoting Catalytic Reactions in Water.

Catalysis has been at the forefront of the developments that has revolutionised synthesis and provided the impetus in the discovery of platform technologies for efficient C-C or C-X bond formation. Current environmental situation however, demands a change in strategy with catalysis being promoted more in solvents that are benign (Water) and for that the development of hydrophilic ligands (especially phosphines) is a necessity which could promote catalytic reactions in water, allow recyclability of the catalytic solutions and make it possible to isolate products using column-free techniques that involve lesser usage of hazardous organic solvents. In this review, we therefore critically analyse such catalytic processes providing examples that do follow the above-mentioned parameter.

Národní, globální, anebo kosmopolitní: české občanské vzdělávání na rozcestí

The place of civics in lower secondary education is somewhat at odds with the demands that the current political, economic, and environmental situation places on citizens regarding their preparation for life. In this text, we have focused on analyzing approaches to civic education from an international perspective. We have analyzed the Czech practice of civic education from 1992 to the present based on the analysis of internationally discussed types of teaching civic education and basic social sciences and selected key curriculum documents. Using an illustrative analysis of selected textbooks’ content, we could point out problematic areas of the still valid curriculum and differences in content between the curriculum and practice.

The Study of Mutual Benefits and Potential in China-Mongolia Agricultural Trade

This article aims to explore the mutual benefits and potential of agricultural trade between China and Mongolia, analyzing the current situation of agricultural resources, trade history, and policy environment of the two countries. The study finds that China-Mongolia agricultural trade shows significant economic complementarity. Trade activities not only promote economic growth in both countries but also deepen social and cultural exchanges. However, technical standards, political risks, and logistics costs remain major challenges facing trade cooperation. By strengthening policy coordination, investing in agricultural technology and infrastructure, and expanding the variety and markets of trade, the potential for cooperation in China-Mongolia agricultural trade can be further enhanced. These measures will help improve the efficiency and benefits of bilateral trade, achieving a win-win development.

Optimizing environmental costs and economic benefits in new energy vehicle production: A case study of FAW Hongqi in China

This study focuses on the environmental cost accounting and economic benefit optimization of China’s FAW Hongqi New Energy Vehicle manufacturing enterprise under uncertain conditions, within the context of the emission permit system This study calculates the pollution situation throughout the manufacturing and production process of FAW Hongqi new energy vehicles, and constructs a multi-level environmental cost evaluation system for FAW Hongqi new energy vehicle manufacturing projects. Through the interval fuzzy model of FAW Hongqi new energy vehicle manufacturing projects, the maximum economic benefits of the enterprise are simulated. The research results indicate that the pollution emissions of enterprises are mainly concentrated in the three processes of welding, painting, and final assembly. Enterprises use their own exhaust gas and wastewater treatment devices to meet the standards for pollution emissions. At the same time, solid waste generated during the automobile manufacturing process is handed over to third-party companies for treatment. Secondly, based on the accounting results of enterprise pollution source intensity and a multi-layer environmental cost evaluation system, the environmental costs of enterprises are accounted for, and the environmental costs are represented in interval form to reduce uncertainty in the accounting process. According to the accounting results of enterprise environmental costs, the main environmental costs of enterprises are environmental remediation costs caused by normal pollution discharge and purchase costs of environmental protection facilities. Pollutant emission taxes and routine environmental monitoring costs are relatively low. Enterprises can adopt more scientific solutions from the aspects of environmental remediation and environmental protection facilities to reduce environmental costs. After optimization by the fuzzy interval uncertainty optimization model, the economic benefits of the FAW Hongqi new energy vehicle manufacturing project were [101,254.71, 6278.5413] million yuan. Compared with the interval uncertainty optimization model, the lower bound of economic benefits increased by 57.68%, and the upper bound decreased by 12.08%, shortening the results of the economic benefits interval. Clarify the current environmental pollution situation of FAW Hongqi’s new energy vehicle manufacturing enterprise, provide data support for sustainable development of the enterprise, and provide reasonable decision-making space for enterprise decision-makers.

Application of porous carbon nanoelectrode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Abstract In order to achieve carbon neutrality and gradually improve the current global warming environmental situation, the world’s major research teams are committed to developing lithium-ion batteries with better performance, trying to use in various new energy facilities, such as electric vehicles, which can effectively reduce polluting gas emissions. Nowadays, many electrode materials that can improve the performance of lithium-ion batteries have been continuously emerging, such as carbon nanotubes and silicon-based nanomaterials. However, carbon nanotube electrode materials have the disadvantages of high irreversible capacity, voltage lag and high manufacturing cost, while silicon-based nanomaterials also have the drawbacks of volume expansion and poor electrical conductivity. Based on the mature research of carbon materials, extensive raw material sources and large reserves, completely non-toxic and low comprehensive cost, this research analyzes three new porous carbon nanoelectrode materials with high development potential, and shows their electrochemical performance advantages, such as high charge-discharge specific capacity, excellent rate performance, and low charge transfer impedance.

Impact of warranty and green level of the product with nonlinear demand via optimal control theory and Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm

Due to the current environmental situation and human health, a green manufacturing system is very essential in the manufacturing world. Several researchers have developed various types of green manufacturing models by considering green products, green investments, carbon emission taxes, etc. Motivated by this topic, a green production model is formulated by considering selling price, time, warranty period and green level dependent demand with a carbon emission tax policy. Also, the production rate of the system is an unknown function of time. Per unit production cost of the products is taken as increasing function of production rate and green level of the products. In our proposed model, carbon emission rate is taken as linear function of time. Then, an optimization problem of the production model is constructed. To validate of our proposed model, a numerical example is considered and solved it by AHA. Further, other five metaheuristics algorithms (AEFA, FA, GWOA, WOA and EOA) are taken to compare the results obtained from AHA. Also, concavity of the average profit function and convergence graph of different metaheuristics algorithms are presented. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is carried out to investigate the impact of different system parameters on our optimal policy and reach a fruitful conclusion from this study.

The Impurity Removal and Comprehensive Utilization of Phosphogypsum: A Review.

Phosphogypsum (PG), a byproduct during the phosphoric acid production process, also known as the wet process, contains complex and diverse impurities, resulting in low utilization and considerable accumulation. This leads to a massive waste of land resources and a series of environmental pollution problems. Given the current urgent ecological and environmental situation, developing impurity removal processes with low energy consumption and high efficiency, exploring valuable resource recovery, preparing high value-added PG products, and broadening the comprehensive utilization ways of PG are significant strategies to promote the sustainable consumption of PG and sustainable development of the phosphorus chemical industry. This review comprehensively summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of existing PG impurity removal and utilization technologies and probes into the future development direction, which provides references and ideas for subsequent PG research.

The former industrial site of the Angarsk Metallurgical Plant (Svirsk, Russia) 10 years later: current geochemical state and interannual change analysis based on Earth remote sensing data

The former industrial site of the Angarsk Metallurgical Plant (Svirsk, Russia) 10 years later: current geochemical state and interannual change analysis based on Earth remote sensing data

Research on Business Environment Issues in Guangdong Qianhai Free Trade Zone

At a time when China's economy is entering a new normal and realizing high-quality medium-speed growth, it is inextricably linked to the forty-two years of reform and opening up. As a pioneer of reform and opening up, Guangdong Province has been at the forefront of domestic economic development, demonstrating courage and practice in response to the changes of the times. As China's relationship with the world economy grows closer, changes in the international economy have prompted the deepening of regional economic integration and international trade. The application of free trade in international trade has been increasing, and FTAs have been widely practiced globally. As the world's second largest economic complex, China is still in the developing stage of free trade zone reform and practice compared with other developed countries. Wang Linghao (2019) pointed out that China's value and status in the global economy is increasing, and the development of free trade zones can help to enhance China's position in the global industrial chain. He emphasized that the influence of free trade can be enhanced through the development of free trade zones and the influence of the "Belt and Road" policy. Wang Under the guiding ideology of deepening reform and opening up of FTZs, China has promoted the experimentation and construction of Guangdong Qianhai FTZ and Hainan FTZ. Although the specific research on the business environment of Guangdong Qianhai FTZ has not yet formed a scale, it can be seen from the development research of other domestic FTZs that the business environment has an important impact on the construction of free trade zones. Therefore, this paper will deeply analyze the current situation and relevant initiatives of the business environment in Guangdong Qianhai FTZ from various aspects.

Preparation of nanocomposite material based on Porphyrin and electrochemical analysis for green fuel production

In the current environmental pollution situation, using green fuel sources such as H2 gas to overcome the challenge of pollution and resource depletion is a useful solution. This research used the acid-base neutralization method with the recombination process to successfully fabricate CuFe2O4/TCPP nanocomposites. The morphological and structural properties of the materials were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) which show that the resulting material has a structure consisting of TCPP filaments with a diameter of about 20-30 nm and a length of µm, interspersed with CuFe2O4 particles with sizes in the range of 100 nm. The electrochemical properties of the as-prepared material film were investigated by Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) on a glassy carbon electrode with a 3-electrodes system. The results show the appearance of electrochemical characteristics of copper ferrite/porphyrin hybrid materials and especially the change of electrochemical characteristics when this nanocomposite was irradiated by an external light source. These results are expecting to apply this material in the photocatalytic process to produce green fuel H2 from water.

The decarbonisation of the maritime sector: Horizon 2050

The decarbonisation of the maritime sector is one of the world’s priorities to reduce the volume of polluting emissions. The basis of this decarbonisation is the adaptation of existing ships to emission control regulations by means of transformations, installation of new equipment, development of new low-emission fuels and development of the infrastructure that makes the supply of this new generation of fuels feasible. In addition, hydrogen is the energy vector for all these new technologies, and its role over the next 30 years needs to be addressed. In a changing global situation such as the one we are currently experiencing; this article has the objective of making a review paper on the different fuels currently being used in the maritime sector and the existing alternatives. It also discusses the situation and the impact the current environmental situation has on the world ship order book, both in terms of legislation and economics. As a conclusion, the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) will have a very important role to play as a bridge between the current situation and the development of hydrogen technology. Hydrogen is an energy vector that can achieve the decarbonisation objectives by 2050. Storage problems, lack of infrastructures to supply it and the development of technology and regulations are the major challenges it will have to face. Biofuels also present a serious proposal for the decarbonisation of the sector, and the role of hydrogen in their composition, is essential to achieve green fuel generation.

Life cycle analysis in hazardous waste logistics in Türkiye: a case study

ABSTRACT The collection and transportation activities engaged in waste management (WM) are known to have significant environmental impacts. This study assessed the current environmental situation regarding the use of diesel fuel in hazardous waste (HW) collection and transportation using a LCA methodology. The study utilized the actual transportation data of the HW collection and transportation activities of a WM company, IZAYDAS, for the year 2021. The functional unit (FU) chosen for analysis was the “environmental impact per annual total fuel consumption.” In addition, the study aimed to understand potential changes in environmental impact if electricity were used as a fuel alternative. The findings revealed that in the current scenario with diesel fuel, the Abiotic Depletion Potential (Fossil Fuel) (ADP Fossil) effect category had a dominant effect (3.92E + 06 MJ). The total Global Warming Potential (GWP100a) effect for HW transportation was determined to be 5.28E + 05 kg CO2 eq in 2021. When electricity was considered a fuel alternative, a decrease was observed in the GWP100a and ADP impact categories. At the same time, Human Toxicity (HTP), Acidification (AP), and Eutrophication (EP) showed an increase due to fossil fuel-based energy production. Sensitivity analysis indicated that all effects are lower in countries that depend on clean energy sources for electricity production.

Planning Purposeful Activities Autonomous Intelligent Robot with Knowledge Update in Short-Term Memory

The main problems associated with the creation of autonomous intelligent robots capable of performing various complex tasks in a priori undescribed unstable problematic environments, based on the processing of knowledge presented in an abstract way, are outlined. To store typical elements of an abstract knowledge representation model, the article recommends using long-term and short-term memory. Long-term memory with associative search and data retrieval is designed to permanently store information necessary for planning a variety of purposeful activities that provide the robot with the ability to solve various complex behavioral tasks. In short-term memory, submodels of knowledge representation are entered from long-term memory, which are necessary for solving the current task of a certain type in the short term, related to the fulfillment of the task formulated for the autonomous intelligent robot. At the same time, with each change in the type of the current task of behavior being solved by an autonomous intelligent robot, a corresponding update of knowledge stored in short-term memory is simultaneously carried out. Original constructions of typical elements of the model for representing abstract knowledge in the form of various behavioral skills, set regardless of a particular subject area, have been developed. This approach to building a knowledge representation model allows autonomous intelligent robots to adapt to the current operating conditions and, on this basis, organize purposeful activities in complex unstable problematic environments. Various tools and rules for processing abstract knowledge are proposed, which endow autonomous intelligent robots with the ability to eliminate the differences between the current and target situation of the problem environment both in terms of the values of structurally equivalent relations of the same name in them, and in the current states of objects in the environment. This, in turn, makes it possible to create intelligent problem solvers for autonomous intelligent robots for various purposes, capable of performing complex tasks in unstable a priori uncertain conditions of a problematic environment.

Evaluation of green pastoral residence in Grassland of Inner Mongolia based on fuzzy mathematics

Based on the theory of rural habitat, the concept of green pastoral residence is proposed, and the green pastoral residence is taken as the research object. Besides, based on the current situation of grassland ecological environment and pastoral living environment in Inner Mongolia, the green pastoral residence evaluation index system is established by using the hierarchical analysis method, and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is constructed combined with fuzzy mathematical theory. Through case analysis, the evaluation results of the two modeling methods of analytic hierarchy method and fuzzy analytic hierarchy method are compared, and the applicability of the two modeling methods is analyzed, and a multi-level decision-making method more suitable for the evaluation of green pastoral residence is obtained.

Dental Students’ Perceptions of the Current Educational Environment and Readiness for the Simulation-based Teaching Model: A Questionnaire-based Cross-sectional Study from Malaysia

Introduction: To facilitate the advancement of dental education in Malaysia, it is imperative to get insight into the perceptions held by dental students towards the current situation of the Educational Environment (EE). Moreover, in the current evolution of the educational framework, a shift is occurring from the conventional pedagogical approach to the implementation of simulation-based experiences. For a better understanding of virtual learning, it is crucial to determine students’ level of technology readiness. Aim: To identify the students’ perceptions regarding the present dental EE in Malaysia and their technology readiness for a simulation-based teaching and learning model and to verify whether technology readiness influences students’ perceptions of the present EE. Materials and Methods: The study utilised a cross-sectional survey design. A total of 146 dental students enrolled in year 4 and year 5 of three dental faculties in Malaysia were invited to this study from May to June 2023. The survey used the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Scale (DREEM) and the modified Technology Readiness Index (TRI) to measure students’ perceptions of EE and readiness for the new educational model. Mann-Whitney U tests were conducted to explore the differences among different demographic information for both DREEM and modified TRI. Multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to determine associated factors with the TRI score. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to measure the correlation between DREEM and modified TRI. All tests for statistical significance were carried out using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 26.0. Results: The overall global score of DREEM was 127.74/200. Comparing the subscale and global DREEM scores between public and private universities, significant differences were found in all dimensions and global DREEM scores except for students’ Social Self-Perception (SSP). Year four Undergraduate (UG) students showed more positivity in Students’ Perception of Learning (SPL) (p=0.020) and Students’ Perception of Teachers (SPT) (p=0.031) than year five students. While the overall mean score of the modified TRI was 3.08/5. The level of technology readiness would not affect the overall global DREEM score. Conclusion: Dental UGs’ perception of the EE is considered to be “more positive than negative.” However, improvements are needed in SPL and SPT. Generally, dental UGs in Malaysia have reached an adequate technology readiness level toward simulation-based teaching and learning.

Ecological literacy of one of the competencies of a 21 century citizen

The current environmental situation requires a certain amount of knowledge of ecology in an individual regardless of their professional sphere as this information becomes an integral part of both professional and personal day-to-day life. The state of ecology requires help and support from humanity. Therefore, ecological literacy becomes one of the most demanded competencies for a person living in the 21 century. This concept is closely connected to ecological culture and ecological awareness and utilizes the psychological willingness of a modern person to behave according to concepts of ecological literacy. The knowledge of ecology positively affects waste management and reduces risks for nature posed by waste pollution and human activities. Therefore, the conducted research aims to examine the ecological literacy rate in the population of Russia overall and particularly concerning the issues of separate waste collection. The authors identify the reasons for reluctance to perform separate waste collection and suggest measures to stimulate it in the Russian Federation. The paper provides a review of a range of sociological surveys dedicated to separate waste collection and the state of the environment in Russia. The authors suggest a range of possible solutions for the issue at hand.

ERG 이론을 바탕으로 한 바이마장족(白马藏族)지역사회 환경 의 고령친화적 개선 방안 연구

The elderly in rural areas are faced with the dilemma of poor community environment, weak social communication ability and insufficient pension knowledge reserve. In addition, due to the serious shortage of social security facilities in rural areas and medical resources, the elderly are struggling, and the suicide rate is far higher than that in urban areas. In order to make the elderly have a comfortable pension environment and face the increasingly serious aging problem with a positive attitude, this paper takes the community environment of the Baima Tibetan elderly in Tielou Township, Gansu Province as the research object of aging transformation. First of all, literature data were used to carry out research on the aging transformation in rural areas. On the basis of sorting out previous research topics, ERG theory was determined as the guide. Secondly, the research methods of on-site investigation, interview and other research methods are adopted to investigate the number of left-behind elderly people in this area, and classify them according to the national standards. At the same time, the image of the current situation of the community environment of the elderly. Finally, combined with the ERG theory, the transformation design of the elderly living environment is implemented, mainly from the three aspects of survival, mutual relationship and growth.

Analysis of the Relationship Between Teaching Environment and Teaching Quality in Inner Mongolia Universities

This study aims to explore the relationship between the teaching environment and teaching quality in Inner Mongolia universities, analyze the characteristics and current situation of the teaching environment, and provide recommendations for improvement. Through a detailed analysis of the components, characteristics, and existing issues and challenges of the teaching environment, it is found that the teaching environment has an important impact on the teaching quality. It is suggested to increase investment in infrastructure, optimize the structure of the teaching staff, rationally allocate educational resources, and promote the balanced development of disciplines. At the same time, policy recommendations were put forward, including the establishment of a teaching evaluation system, strengthening teacher training and development, and promoting school-enterprise cooperation to improve the quality of teaching. Future research directions may focus on areas such as educational technology development, policy-level influences, and school management models to further expand our understanding of the relationship between teaching environment and teaching quality.