Current Employment Status Research Articles

Association of socioeconomic status with unintended pregnancy and induced abortion in married couples: An analysis of the 2021 national survey data in Japan

BackgroundAn association of the major indicators of socioeconomic status with unintended pregnancy and induced abortion in married couples has not been investigated in Japan, and we investigated it using recent nationwide survey data in Japan. MethodsData from the National Fertility Survey in 2021 in Japan, which evaluated the outcomes and intentions of previous pregnancies in married couples, were used. Number of unintended pregnancies, induced abortions, and unintended pregnancies ending in induced abortion were used as outcomes, and the number of unintended pregnancies ending in induced abortion was analyzed among couples who experienced an unintended pregnancy. Associations with current educational attainment, employment status, and household income were investigated using Poisson regression analysis. A complete-case analysis was conducted for dealing with missing data, as well as an analysis using multiple imputation. ResultsAverage number of unintended pregnancy and induced abortion per pregnancy of junior high school graduates was the highest among educational attainments of wives and husbands. The adjusted regression analysis showed that junior high school graduate in husbands was significantly associated with higher number of unintended pregnancies and induced abortions, regardless of the missing data analysis methods. In addition, high school or training school graduate in husbands was significantly associated with higher number of induced abortions. A significant association between socioeconomic status and the unintended pregnancy ending in induced abortion was not observed. ConclusionThis study showed that a lower educational attainment in husband was associated with higher number of unintended pregnancies and induced abortions in Japan.

COMPARISON OF QUALITY OF LIFE ACCORDING TO SOME DEMOGRAPHICS VARIABLES

The aim of this study is to determine how the quality of life of individuals changes according to demographic variables such as gender, marital status, age, personal income, family income, education, place of work, current employment status, with whom they live at home, the number of people living in the house, the number of rooms in the house where they live, the ownership status of the house, the presence of the room belonging to the individual in the living house, paying hire for home. The research is descriptive research, and all individuals with or without physical health constitute the main body of the research. Research data is collected by electronic questionnaires. In the study, the random sampling method and the Quality-of-Life Scale (QoLS) developed by Ardahan (2020) were used as data collection tools. The sample size consists of 689 individuals (Xage = 39.80 ± 1.67). In the evaluation of the data, besides descriptive statistics, Independent-Samples T Test, ANOVA test and LSD test were used to determine between which groups the difference was. The results were questioned at the significance level of 0.01 and 0.05. According to the research findings, QoLS is a multidimensional concept and the sub-dimensions of it; When Family Relationship, Perceived Income Level, Physical Health, Work/School Life, Feeling Safe, Social Pressure, Time Allocation, Neighborhood Relationship, Satisfaction with the Living Environment, Satisfaction with the Social Environment, Perceived Environmental Safety, Finding Sufficient Home, Being a Volunteer, Spiritual Life, Satisfaction with Education, Having Tools/Equipment and Well- Being were compared by gender, marital status, age, personal and family income, education, place of work, current employment status, who lives in the house, the number of people living in the house, the number of rooms in the house where the house is lived, the ownership status of the house where the house is lived, the presence of a room belonging to the individual in the living house, and the situation of renting the house in which they live have effect on each sub dimension of QoLS and show different statistically significant differences in sub-dimensions.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0799/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Evaluation of Factors Affecting the Health-Related Quality of Life in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Receiving Hemodialysis Treatment in Northern Cyprus.

Introduction Health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) is recognized as an important predictor of mortality and morbidity in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients receiving hemodialysis (HD). The goal of this study was to obtain HR-QoL scores using the Kidney Disease and Quality of Life questionnaire (KDQOL-36TM) (RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA) and to assess the factors affecting HR-QoL in ESRD patients receiving HD. Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was performed using the KDQOL-36TM for the assessment of HR-QoL of ESRD patients receiving HD in Northern Cypriotstate hospitals. Alongside KDQOL-36TM scores for assessing HR-QoL, sociodemographic as well as relevant laboratory data were collected. Spearman Correlations and multiple linear regression analyses using the 'stepwise' method were carried out to identify predictors of HR-QoL. Nonparametric tests were used to determine significantly (p<0.05) associated variables. Ethical approvals were received from the Northern Cypriot Ministry of Health and Eastern Mediterranean University Research and Publication Ethics Boards. Results One hundred and thirty-eight participants were recruited in this study, corresponding to 85.1% of the total study population. Participants had a mean age of 66.49 ± 13.35. 65.2% of the participants were males. Participants had low scores on most dimensions of quality of life, namely, Burden of Disease, Physical Component Summary (PCS), and Mental Component Summary (MCS) subscales. Particularly, females, unemployed patients, and patients with more comorbidities had significantly lower scores (p=0.003, p<0.001, and p=0.005, respectively). Spearman correlation analyses revealed multiple significant moderate correlations between sociodemographic data, laboratory variables, and scores. Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis identified gender (p=0.006), total number of comorbidities (p=0.005), age (p<0.001), and patient care (p=0.019) as significant predictors of KDQOL-36TM scores. Conclusion This study has shown that the quality of life of hemodialysis patients was highly impaired. Gender, current employment status, and presence of comorbidities were all significant independent factors affecting HR-QoL mean scores. Lastly, further studies regarding the implementation of routine HR-QoL surveillance and targeted interventions are required to better understand their potential therapeutic benefits.

Association between cognitive insight and anxiety among community-dwelling schizophrenia patients: the chain mediating effects of family cohesion and chronotype.

To investigate the effect of cognitive insight on anxiety in community-dwelling schizophrenia patients and to construct a chain mediating model to determine the underlying mechanisms of the relationship between cognitive insight and anxiety through family cohesion and chronotype. The Beck Cognitive Insight Scale, the Chinese version of the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale, the Morningness-Eveningness Scale, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale were used to assess cognitive insight, family cohesion, chronotype, and anxiety in a sample of 785 individuals with schizophrenia living in the community. Spearman correlation analysis, multiple linear regression and Bootstrap methods were employed to analyze the four variables. Residential region, current employment status, and family economic status impacted anxiety among community-dwelling schizophrenia patients. All variables were associated with each other, but self-certainty was not significantly associated with anxiety. Cognitive insight and self-reflection had direct effects on anxiety, as well as indirect effects on anxiety through the partial mediating effect of chronotype, the suppressing effect of family cohesion, and the chain mediating effect of family cohesion and chronotype. Family cohesion and chronotype can mediate the relationship between cognitive insight and anxiety. Improving family functioning, promoting emotional relationships within families, and correcting non-circadian sleep patterns can reduce anxiety in community-dwelling schizophrenia patients, with important implications for improving adverse mental health outcomes.

Job Satisfaction among Sherubtse Staff: A Comparative Analysis of Teaching and Non-Teaching Staff

Job satisfaction is the fulfilment that an individual derives from employment. The main objective of this study is to assess job satisfaction among teaching and non-teaching staff of Sherubtse College. A quantitative study was conducted to determine job satisfaction. Primary data was collected through random sampling from a total of 39 teaching and 29 non-teaching staff. Out of 68 respondents, 92.6 percent were deemed satisfied, while 7.4 percent expressed dissatisfaction with their current employment status. Data entry and analysis were performed using tests and computations in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).

O perfil dos egressos de um mestrado profissional: uma contribuição para o entendimento da relação formação-trabalho no SUS

ABSTRACT This article presents the profile of graduates, the effects of training, and the professional trajectory of the Professional Master’s Course in Public Health graduates at the Aggeu Magalhaes Institute. Of the 99 invited graduates who completed the program between 2013-2020, 54 responded to a questionnaire applied through the Lime Survey software. The descriptive and cross-sectional study used absolute and relative frequency cross-tabulation variables in the analysis, with the instrument covering the following themes: identification of the graduate and program/course; professional activity before and at the end of the program and expectations; current employment status and formation effects; evaluation of the formative trajectory. Among the respondents, most are female, aged between 31-40 years, trained as nurses, self-declared as black or brown-skinned, not having a disability, predominantly residing in Pernambuco, and did not enter through a quota system. As an effect on their professional life, it was found that the program increased prestige/recognition among colleagues, qualified them for activities they were already performing and also different activities, and brought salary increases leading to changes in personal and professional lives. The results are consistent with scientific findings in the same context, and the tool developed by FIOCRUZ made it possible to understand the relationship between education and work.

Association between television viewing frequency and anthropometric indices among Peruvian women: Evidence from the 2019 demographic health survey

AimThis study aimed to evaluate the association between television viewing frequency and anthropometric indices in Peruvian women aged 15–49 years. MethodsA secondary analysis of the 2019 Demographic and Family Health Survey of Peru was conducted. Anthropometric measures related to increased cardio-metabolic risk, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), Waist to Height Ratio (WHtR), and Conicity Index (CnI), were evaluated as outcomes. Television viewing frequency during a typical week (never [0 times per month]; occasionally [1 to 3 times per month]; and frequently [≥1 time per week]) was the exposure variable. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed considering confounding values as age, education level, current employment status, wealth index, residence area, region of residence, and current smoking status. ResultsA total of 13,249 women aged 15–49 years were included in the analysis. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 39.3% and 25.0%, respectively. Watching television frequently increased the odds of being overweight or obese (aOR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.07 to 2.12; p = 0.019), as well as having higher tertiles for WC (aOR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.20; p = 0.008), WHtR (aOR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.26; p = 0.010), and CnI (aOR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.04 to 2.09; p = 0.031), compared to those who never watched television. ConclusionsA higher television viewing frequency was associated with obesity and increased values of WC, WHtR, and CnI. These insights underscore the potential impact of television habits on weight-related outcomes and provide valuable considerations for public health initiatives.

Suicide rates among health-care professionals in Norway 1980–2021

BackgroundSuicide rates have been high in several health-care professions. Suicide rates were described in physicians, dentists, veterinarians, psychologists, pharmacists, nurses, as well as theologians, other graduates and the general population in Norway. MethodsData on educational attainment were linked to data on suicide and all-cause mortality from 1980 to 2021. Suicide rates were reported per 100,000 person-years. The total number of person-years included in the study was 66.4 and 67.2 million for males and females, respectively. ResultsBetween 1980 and 2021, male veterinarians (35.9, 95 % CI 19.3–52.4), physicians (25.7, 21.3–30.2) and nurses (22.2, 16.6–27.7) had higher suicide rates compared others with higher education (11.7, 10.7–12.7). For females, this was the case for psychologists (15.0, 8.2–21.7) and nurses (9.3, 8.3–10.3), vs. others with higher education (5.1, 4.2–6.0). Suicide rates declined over the four decades for most groups. For physicians, suicide rates declined and approached the suicide rate of others with higher education. Suicide rates among physicians increased with age, with physicians over 60 years having twice as high suicide rates compared to others with higher education. LimitationsThe study included only educational status, not current occupation or employment status. This is a descriptive study, with some known risk factors for suicide not accounted for. ConclusionsSuicide rates for physicians declined over time, but not for nurses. From 2010 to 2021, nurses of both genders was the only group with higher suicide rates compared to other graduates. The increased suicide rates among veterinarians, nurses, female psychologists and elderly physicians are concerning.

Effects of workplace ageism on negative perception of aging and subjective well-being of older adults according to gender and employment status.

According to stereotype embodiment theory, workplace ageism can worsen older adults' self-perceptions of aging and subjective well-being. However, there has been little research on gender differences in this regard. This study examined the effects of workplace ageism on attitudes toward aging and subjective well-being according to gender and employment status. We carried out an online survey of 600 participants aged 60-74 years in October 2021. Participants were equally divided into women who had worked full-time, women who had worked part-time and men who had worked full-time, and further divided by current employment status, forming a total of six groups for comparison. A total of 75% of the participants perceived some form of workplace ageism. Structural equation modeling showed that, for men and women in full-time employment, workplace ageism was associated with a negative self-perception of aging and poor subjective well-being, the effect of which was strong among those currently employed and weak among those who had retired. For women working part-time, the impact of workplace ageism on subjective well-being was stronger among those who were currently unemployed. Workplace ageism exacerbates older adults' self-perception of aging and decreases their subjective well-being. Women working part-time might quit their jobs when their subjective well-being worsens due to workplace ageism. Therefore, it is necessary to create a workplace environment that is comfortable for older workers and free of ageism. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 259-265.

P1100 A multivariate time-dependent proportional hazard model to predict development of intestinal failure from Crohn’s Disease

Abstract Background Intestinal Failure (IF) is a rare but severe complication of Crohn’s disease (CD). Advancement in therapy has not eliminated incident IF from CD (CDIF), and risk factors for developing IF from CD are not well characterised. The Copenhagen Intestinal Failure Database contains one of the largest, comprehensively described adult CDIF cohort1 from 1973 to 2018, which can be linked with a Danish nationwide CD cohort2 to explore healthcare utilisation patterns associated with developing IF from onset of CD. Methods CDIF patients from Copenhagen Intestinal Failure Database and a nationwide CD cohort without IF were followed from CD diagnosis until IF, death, or censoring on 31/12/2018. Hospital contacts, surgeries, medication use and employment status were extracted from multiple Danish population-based registries. Unplanned hospitalisation or emergency department attendance (inpatient-contact), CD-related abdominal surgery, and stopping work for 6 months or more (in working-age CD patients, excluding full-time study and parental leave) were considered time-dependent covariates and tested for significance (p&amp;lt;0.05) in univariate proportional hazard models. Significant covariates were then modelled together with additional non-time-dependent clinical and demographic variables in multivariate proportional hazard models. Backward variable selection was performed to derive a final predictive model. Results 175 CDIF and 22845 CD patients from whom data was available were followed for 2283.1 and 293536.5 patient-years, respectively. Univariate time-dependent proportional hazard models showed that every instance of unplanned IBD inpatient contact, CD-related abdominal surgery, and stopping work was significantly associated with increased hazard of developing IF, with a hazard ratio of 4.91 (95% CI 3.54-6.80, p&amp;lt;0.001), 29.79 (95% CI 9.70-91.48, p&amp;lt;0.001) and 1.61 (95% CI 1.15-2.26, p=0.005). In multivariate analysis, earlier decade of IBD onset, unplanned IBD inpatient contacts, length of stay of the inpatient contact, CD-related abdominal surgery, complicated surgery, number of previous admissions and surgeries and previous median-long term unemployment increased the rate of developing IF (Table), whereas age and comorbidity level at CD onset, non-IBD inpatient contacts, type of surgery, biologics use, and current employment status were not found to be significantly associated with IF development. Conclusion This is the first study to demonstrate significantly increased risks of developing IF from CD from increased healthcare utilisation patterns.

Physical Performance in a Diverse, Population-Based Cohort of Individuals With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

To report the burden and correlates of poor physical performance in a diverse cohort of individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this single-visit study of 446 individuals with SLE from a population-based metropolitan Atlanta cohort, we measured physical performance via the Short Physical Performance Battery (score range 0-12; intermediate-low [<10] vs high [≥10]). We also collected demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables and examined the associations (adjusted odds ratios [aORs]) of intermediate-low versus high physical performance with these characteristics via multivariable logistic regression. We found that more than half (59.6%) of our participants had poorer (intermediate-low) overall physical performance. Only 7% of the cohort received the maximum score on the lower body strength task versus 90% and 76% receiving the maximum scores on balance and gait speed tasks. Current employment status (aOR 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.45-1.05) and higher cognitive functioning (aOR 0.57, 95% CI 0.42-0.77) were strongly associated with lower odds of intermediate-low physical performance. Higher body mass index (aOR 1.25, 95% CI 1.01-1.56), disease activity (aOR 1.59, 95% CI 1.27-1.98), and disease burden (aOR 1.38, 95% CI 1.08-1.77) were associated with poorer performance, as were higher depressive symptoms, perceived stress scores, and lower educational attainment (not statistically significant). In our population-based, primarily Black cohort, we found that individuals with SLE commonly had poor physical performance. We identified both SLE- and non-SLE-specific factors that could help clinicians identify those most at risk for poor physical performance and intervene to improve, maintain, and support physical performance among those with SLE.

Contribution of diversity of social participation on the mental health of humanitarian migrants during resettlement.

By the end of 2022, an estimated 108.4 million individuals worldwide experienced forced displacement. Identifying modifiable factors associated with the mental illness of refugees is crucial for promoting successful integration and developing effective health policies. This study aims to examine the associations between the changes in the diversity of social participation and psychological distress among refugees throughout the resettlement process, specifically focusing on gender differences. Utilizing data from three waves of a longitudinal, nationally representative cohort study conducted in Australia, this study involved 2399 refugees interviewed during Wave 1, 1894 individuals interviewed during Wave 3 and 1881 respondents during Wave 5. At each wave, we assessed psychological distress and 10 types of social participation across 3 distinct dimensions, including social activities, employment and education. The primary analysis employed mixed linear models and time-varying Cox models. Gender-stratified analyses and sensitivity analyses were performed. Refugees engaging in one type or two or more types of social participation, compared with those not engaging in any, consistently had lower psychological distress scores (β = -0.62 [95% confidence interval (CI), -1.07 to -0.17] for one type of social participation; β = -0.57 [95% CI, -1.04 to -0.10] for two or more types of social participation) and a reduced risk of experiencing psychological distress (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.81 [95% CI, 0.65-0.99] for one type of social participation; HR = 0.77 [95% CI, 0.61-0.97] for two or more types of social participation) during the resettlement period. When stratifying the results by gender, these associations in the adjusted models only remained significant in male refugees. Moreover, three specific types of social participation, namely sporting activities, leisure activities and current employment status, were most prominently associated with a reduced risk of psychological distress. The findings of this cohort study suggest that social participation was consistently associated with reduced risks of psychological distress among male refugees during resettlement. These findings highlight the significance of promoting meaningful social participation and interaction may be an effective strategy to improve the mental health of refugees and facilitate their successful integration into society, especially among male refugees.

Do online certifications improve job market outcomes? Evidence from an IT skills certification platform in India

We estimate the returns to online skills certification for engineering graduates in India using a regression discontinuity design. Individuals in our dataset take a computer programming exam, and are required to score above a threshold to receive a widely used software engineer IT-services certificate provided by an online job skills credentialing platform in India. We find that certified candidates have approximately 0.25 higher probability of finding employment following the exam. Our results indicate that skill certification in this context is a strong one-time signal of quality. Certification cannot replace education, however, and fails to predict longer-term job market outcomes as demonstrated by the lack of estimated causal impact on current employment status or income level. Our findings suggest the promise and limits of certification in an educational market where university training is highly variable.

The relationship between women and racial minority employees/managers and financial performance

PurposeDiversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) have become prioritized goals of business, such as hiring more women and racial minorities. This study adds to the body of research regarding the value of diversity in organizations by examining the relationship between diversity at the workforce level and the financial performance of the organization. The empirical results of prior research have provided mixed results, finding mainly positive, but also negative, and nonsignificant relationships (Sharma et al., 2020; Vlas et al., 2022). The purpose of this study is to examine the current employment status of women and racial minorities in top US companies, then analyze if a correlation exists between a company’s profit margin and its percentage of women and racial minority employees and managers.Design/methodology/approachThis study examined the top 200 companies in the Fortune 500 companies; these are the largest companies by revenue in the USA. Companies were ranked according to each variable (% of women employees, % of racial minority employees, % of women managers and % of racial minority managers) and then divided into equal quartiles. The mean profit margin for the top quartile was compared with the mean profit margin for the bottom quartile. T-tests were used to determine whether significant differences in profit margin exist between companies. This methodology of comparing top and bottom quartiles was developed in prior studies.FindingsFortune 200 companies have an average of 40% women and also 40% racial minorities in their workforce. Both women and racial minorities account for a smaller percentage of managers. Women account for 34% of managers, while racial minorities account for 29%. There is a significant positive relationship between profit margin and two of the variables. Companies with 45% or more women managers have a significantly higher profit margin than companies with the lowest percentages of women managers. Companies with 48% or more racial minority employees have a significantly higher profit margin than companies with the lowest percentages of racial minority employees. These findings are in-line with the existing body of research that has found mixed impacts of diversity on firm performance (cf. Hoobler et al., 2018; Leung et al., 2022) and draws attention to the need to consider the impact of gender and racial diversity on firms at various management levels within the firm to better understand the impact that increasing diversity has on firm performance (cf. Curado et al., 2022).Originality/valueThis paper adds to the body of knowledge by assessing the current status of women and racial minorities in top US companies and, then, analyzing if a correlation exists between a company’s profit margin and the number of women and racial minority employees and managers. Findings provide companies with further incentive to maintain DEI as a prioritized goal.

Examining the Professional Profile and Employment Status of Teacher Education Graduates from 2010-2015

The completion or graduation from an academic degree is not the end of an academic program. One of the most important things that educational institutions prioritize is the tracking of successes, progress, and even failures of a program's graduates. This study is rooted in the aim of delving deep into the current employment status of the graduates of the Teacher Education program in Aklan State University - New Washington campus. Specifically, it aimed to collect information about the student’s professional profile and current employment status and test the variables to identify any relationship between them. A descriptive survey design was used to attain the goals of this research. Findings revealed that the professional profile of students has an influence on their current employment status. More specifically, the year of graduation, individual's eligibility status, level of educational attainment, and attended relevant seminars and training were all found to be contributory to the remuneration currently earned by the graduates of the program. With this, teacher education institutions in the Philippines must intensify instructional quality and curriculum innovations to be at par with international standards and make the graduates employable. It is recommended that the teacher training universities must focus on producing holistic graduates who are prepared in terms of knowledge, skills, and the attitude needed to thrive in the 21st-century education system.

1 Quantity or quality? Comparing objective and subjective participation measures to predict quality of life in aging msTBI.

Objective:Community reintegration and participation have been shown to be significantly correlated to improved Quality of Life (QoL) following moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI), yet these models often come with significant levels of unaccounted variability (Pierce and Hanks, 2006). Measures for community participation frequently employ objective measures of participation, such as number of outings in a week or current employment status (Migliorini et al., 2016), which may not adequately account for lifestyle differences, especially in aging populations. Less often integrated are subjective measures of an individual’s own belongingness and autonomy within the community (Heineman et al., 2011), also referred to as their participation enfranchisement (PE). The present study examines three questions pertinent to the potential clinical value of PE. First, do measures of objective participation significantly predict an individual’s PE ratings? Second, are both types of measures equally successful predictors of QoL for aging individuals with chronic-stage msTBI. Finally, would controlling for either objective or subjective integration ratings enable neurocognitive assessments to better predict QoL post injury?Participants and Methods:41 older-adults (M= 65.32; SD= 7.51) with a history of msTBI were included (M= 12.59 years post-injury;SD= 8.29) for analysis. Subjective community integration was measured through the Participation Enfranchisement Survey. The Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools-Objective (PART-O) provided the objective measurement of participation. Quality of life was assessed through the Quality of Life after Brain Injury (QOLIBRI). An estimate of neurocognitive performance was created through the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT), which includes six domains including: verbal-learning and memory (immediate and delayed recall), working memory (digit-span backwards), reasoning (number sequencing), semantic fluency (category fluency), and processing speed (backwards counting). Performance on the BTACT, PE ratings, and PART-O scores were included as the dependent variables in stepwise, linear regression models predicting QoL ratings to assess the differential contribution of the dependent variables and potential interaction effects.Results:While both the PART-O (f(1,39)=5.52;p=.024,n2=.124) and the PE survey (f(1,39)=14.31 ;p&lt;.001,n2=.268) significantly predicted QoL, the addition of PE in the PART-O model resulted in significant (20.9%) reduction in unaccounted variance. Further in the model controlling for PE, PART-O no longer provides a significant (p=.15) contribution to the model estimating QoL (f(2,38)=8.41; p=.001). Performance on the BTACT correlated with PART-O (p&lt;.0001), but not PE (p=.13) ratings. Finally, across two models controlling for BTACT performance, PE (p=.002,partial n2=.23), but not PART-O (p=.28,partial n2=.031) contributed significantly to QoL predictions. No significant interactions between PART-O, PE, and/or BTACT were observed when added to any model.Conclusions:MsTBI impacts nearly every facet of an individual’s life, and as such, improving QoL post-injury requires a broad, yet well-considered approach. The objective ratings of participation, subjective PE, BTACT performance, all independently predicted quality of life in this sample. However, after controlling for neurocognitive assessment performance, PE was shown to independently contribute to quality of life, while the PART-O ratings no longer provided significant contribution. While community integration is a vital factor to consider for long-term rehabilitation, tailoring what “integration” means to the patient may hold significant potential to improve long-term quality of life.

«ТИхИЕ» ТЕНДЕНЦИИ В УПРАВЛЕНИИ ПЕРСОНАЛОМ: НОВыЕ ТЕРМИНы ИЛИ НОВыЕ ПРОБЛЕМы?

The article is devoted to a study from the point of view of personnel management of the phenomenon of «quiet quitting» — a way of thinking in which employees deliberately limit their work activities to a description of their work, meet, but do not exceed pre-set expectations, never voluntarily take on additional tasks and do it all simply to maintain their current employment status, prioritizing their well-being over the achievement of organizational goals. Based on the generalization of the results of global and national studies, the main reasons for the spread of this phenomenon (including among young employees), as well as potential business risks that may arise as a result of «quiet quitting», if this phenomenon persists for a long time, are highlighted. The conclusion is substantiated that the phenomenon of «quiet quitting» is only partly a consequence of work during the pandemic, representing part of a larger picture of rethinking the institution of work. The interrelation of the problem of «quiet quitting» and the application of the practices of «quiet firing» and «quiet hiring» by organizations, their possible consequences for organizations and personnel are analyzed. Some proposals for the prevention of «quiet quitting» are presented, concerning the management of burnout, promotion of work-life balance, support for the mental health of employees and their development.

Inactive nurses' willingness to return to active nursing during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study.

To investigate factors that influence the willingness of inactive nurses to return to nursing in a crisis situation and to identify aspects that need to be considered with regard to a possible deployment. A deductive and inductive qualitative content analysis of semi-structured focus group interviews. Semi-structured focus group interviews with inactive or marginally employed nurses, nurses who have been inactive for some time and nursing home managers in October and November 2021. The participating inactive nurses had declared their willingness for a deployment during the COVID-19 pandemic or not. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Communication was seen as essential by the participants for an informed decision for or against a temporary return to nursing and to potential or actual deployments. To make them feel safe, inactive nurses need to know what to expect and what is expected of them, for example, regarding required training and responsibilities. Considering their current employment status, some flexibility in terms of deployment conditions is needed. A remaining attachment to care can trigger a sense of duty. Knowledge of (regular) working conditions in nursing can lead to both a desire to support former colleagues and a refusal to be exposed to these conditions again. Past working experiences and the current employment situation play a major role in the willingness of inactive nurses to return to nursing in a crisis situation. Unbureaucratic arrangements must be provided for those who are willing to return. What already is known - In crisis situations, not every inactive nurse is willing or able to return to nursing and therefore, the 'silent reserve' may not be as large as suspected. What this paper adds - Inactive nurses need to know what to expect and what is expected of them for their decision regarding a return to active patient care during a crisis situation. Implications for practice/policy - Inactive nurses need to be informed and should be offered free training and refresher courses to ensure patient safety. This research shows that the group of inactive nurses are not a silent workforce which can be activated anytime. Those who are able and willing to return to direct patient care in crisis situations need the best possible support - during and between crises. This study adhered to COREQ guidelines. The involvement of patients or members of the public did not apply for the study, as the aim was to gain insight into the motivations and attitudes of the group of inactive nurses.

Distress and its Correlation with Potential Factors among Patients with Cancer in Vietnam

A cancer diagnosis and treatment are stressful for patients. Evidence has shown that the prevalence of mental health problems among cancer patients is very high globally. To our knowledge, there are no studies related to cancer diagnosis and treatment in Vietnam, where the rate of death caused by cancer is at the 50th in the world. This study investigates the prevalence of distress and its correlations with potential factors among Vietnamese cancer patients. This is a cross-sectional study using a self-report questionnaire for cancer patients focused on examining socio-demographic characteristics, satisfaction with current marital status, current job, life in general, cancer-related distress, diagnosis, cancer stage, acceptance of illness, treatment methods, and perceived social support. The prevalence of distress among cancer patients was very high (91.7%). There were significantly higher distress scores in patients living in rural areas and not receiving chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Patients with higher satisfaction with their current employment status or satisfaction with life were less likely to have psychological distress. The patients’ belief in treatment methods and cancer also reduced the risk of experiencing distress. Rural Vietnamese cancer patients impacted by social determinants of health along with cancer-related factors might be experiencing higher psychological distress.

Gender, education, and cohort differences in healthy working life expectancy at age 50 years in Australia: a longitudinal analysis

We aimed to estimate healthy working life expectancy (HWLE) at age 50 years by gender, cohort, and level of education in Australia. We analysed data from two nationally representative cohorts in the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey. Each cohort was followed up annually from 2001 to 2010 and from 2011 to 2020. Poor health was defined by a self-reported, limiting, long-term health condition. Work was defined by current employment status. HWLEs were estimated with Interpolated Markov Chain multi-state modelling. We included data from 4951 participants in the cohort from 2001 to 2010 (2605 [53%] women and 2346 [47%] men; age range 50-100 years) and 6589 participants in the cohort from 2011 to 2020 (3518 [53%] women and 3071 [47%] men; age range 50-100 years). Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. Working life expectancy increased over time for all groups, regardless of gender or educational attainment. However, health expectancies only increased for men and people of either gender with higher education. Years working in good health at age 50 years for men were 9·9 years in 2001 (95% CI 9·3-10·4) and 10·8 years (10·4-11·3) in 2011. The corresponding HWLEs for women were 7·9 years (7·3-8·5) and 9·0 years (8·5-9·6). For people with low education level, HWLE was 7·9 years (7·3-8·5) in 2001 and 8·4 years (7·9-8·9) in 2011, and for those with high education level, HWLE rose from 9·6 years in 2001 (9·1-10·1) to 10·5 years in 2011 (10·2-10·9). Across all groups, there were at least 2·5 years working in poor health and 6·7 years not working in good health. Increases in length of working life have not been accompanied by similar gains in healthy life expectancy for women or people of any gender with low education, and it is not unusual for workers older than 50 years to work with long-term health limitations. Strategies to achieve longer working lives should address life-course inequalities in health and encourage businesses and organisations to recruit, train, and retain mature-age workers. Australian Research Council.