Cup Games Research Articles

To Rise or not: Prospective Africas Outbound Tourism BusinessTrajectory and Mega Sports Events: A Case of Qatar 2022 World Cup

The FIFA World Cup is the major sporting event in the world. It is also the most prestigious mega-sports event since it has over the years been assumed to be a highly profitable and a crowd pulling venture. The event has thus shaken the tourism trends of all the participating nations. By comparing and analyzing the general impact on outbound tourism of previous sporting events including major World cup games; this article will qualitatively reveals Africa as a new market for outbound tourists for major sporting events; this study sampled 2022 Qatar World Cup and provides conclusions on how Africa’s outbound tourism business will be impacted in the long run. Based on the suggestions provided in this paper, future studies should be more oriented on the qualitative studies to establish the exact degree of this effect.

A Method for Automatic Detection of Psychomotor Entrainment

Group interaction is an important aspect of human social behavior. During some group events, the activities performed by each group member continually influence the activities of others. This process of influence can lead to synchronized group activity, or the entrainment of the group. Understanding entrainment is important, because it can be a critical behavioral indicator of group cohesiveness, and can provide context for accurately understanding a group's affective behavior. In this paper, we present a novel method to automatically detect group psychomotor entrainment, which takes multiple types of discrete, task-level events into consideration. We experimentally validated the method on two synchronous rhythmic activities, “the cup game” and a marching task. We also compared its accuracy against two alternate synchrony detection methods in the literature. The results suggest our method can successfully measure group psychomotor entrainment, and is more accurate compared to other methods. This method will be useful to researchers interested in quantitatively and automatically measuring entrainment, and can also provide insight into understanding how groups interact socially.

Media, Culture, and the Meanings of Hockey

This essay describes a plan for investigating the cultural meanings of hockey in Canada by examining media narratives of high-level amateur and professional hockey during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In particular, this project analyzes English Canadian newspaper coverage of Stanley Cup games between 1894 and 1907, as well as the telegraph reconstructions that enabled fans to share a simultaneous experience of distant games. Media coverage of hockey brought Canadians into local and national communities of interest, while constructing narratives of manhood, regional rivalry, and civic pride. Hockey played a significant role in the construction of gender and class identities, and in debates about amateurism, professionalism, and community representation in sport. By exploring key issues related to media, gender, and community identities in early hockey, this research addresses important gaps in the study of sport history and the analysis of sport and Canadian popular culture.

The Effect of South Korea FA Cup Game Attendance Factors on Spectator Satisfaction and Re-attend Intention Based on Sports Industry

본 연구는 한국축구 FA컵 경기관람요인이 관람만족 및 재관람의도에 미치는 영향을 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 연구를 위해 FA컵 3라운드 3경기 관중들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 자료처리 분석을 위해 SPSS 20.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도분석, 탐색적 요인분석, 상관관계분석, 다중회귀분석을 사용하였다. 이와 같은 분석을 통해 얻어진 결론은 다음과 같다.BR 첫째, 한국축구 FA컵 경기관람요인은 관람만족에 부분적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 한국축구 FA컵 경기관람요인은 재관람의도에 부분적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 한국축구 FA컵 관람만족은 재관람의도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 대한축구협회는 TV중계 제작비 지원, 대회 자료제공 및 데이터베이스 구축, SNS 대학생 기자단 모집, 빅데이터를 활용한 아마추어 팀 경기력 향상, 지역연고제 강화, 프로선수들의 아마 팀 이적 환경 조성, 아마 팀의 경기장 시설 확충 등의 실무적 차원의 노력을 기울여야 할 것이다.

Australian Men's Hockey Team: Virtually There. Telepsychology in Olympic Sport

ObjectiveThis article provides a description of a pilot telepsychology programme introduced in the Australian Men's Hockey programme in the lead‐up to our gold medal World Cup and Commonwealth Games campaigns in 2014.MethodThis article is a case description of a novel application of videoconferencing technology and a reflective practice evaluation of our initial clinical experiences with this technology.ResultsObservations and feedback from players and coaches augur well for the acceptability and effectiveness of new technologies in responding to the considerable psychological demands of an increasingly globalised elite sporting context. Despite the usual array of technological challenges, not only did individual sessions become a critical part of ensuring individual well‐being but group sessions also contributed to team cohesion. Coaching staff also utilised video links to access timely psychological input during tours, and to strengthen multidisciplinary assessments and treatment planning.ConclusionsThe successful application of telepsychology with these exceptionally high‐functioning clients in a high‐stakes context allayed some of the concerns about telepsychology among the coaching and sport science team. This novel application of telepsychology has provided a base from which to explore the use of communication technologies more routinely in our practice and to catch up to the digital natives that are our elite athlete clients.

World Cup 2014 in the Twitter World: A big data analysis of sentiments in U.S. sports fans’ tweets

The present project collected real-time tweets from U.S. soccer fans during five 2014 FIFA World Cup games (three games between the U.S. team and another opponent and two games between other teams) using Twitter search API. We used sentiment analysis to examine U.S. soccer fans’ emotional responses in their tweets, particularly, the emotional changes after goals (either own or the opponent’s). We found that during the matches that the U.S. team played, fear and anger were the most common negative emotions and in general, increased when the opponent team scored and decreased when the U.S. team scored. Anticipation and joy were also generally consistent with the goal results and the associated circumstances during the games. Furthermore, we found that during the matches between other teams, U.S. tweets showed more joy and anticipation than negative emotions (e.g., anger and fear) and that the patterns in response to goal or loss were unclear. This project revealed that sports fans use Twitter for emotional purposes and that the big data approach to analyze sports fans’ sentiment showed results generally consistent with the predictions of the disposition theory when the fanship was clear and showed good predictive validity.

공수도 우수선수들의 경기내용 분석

This study was the content and flow of the present study Karate match. 2011, second elimination rounds national developmen, 7th Korea Open International Championships and National development in first elimination rounds, 2012 is a World Cup game against Karate1 in Busan. Man Of The match in the final three games by 5 grade were selected to match match 15, 30 people. I was about to score the study Karate and attack techniques. The conclusion is as follows: 1) In this study, there was a significant difference in use between the class score and the frequency of use of attack technology. The frequency of use of the technology of attack of each class per 60kg or less, 67kg or less, 75kg or less, was the order of 84kg and more than 84kg or less. Frequency of use disonchigi, apsonchigi, apdollyeochagi, geolgi aphurigi. It was followed by scores of attack technology of class per 84kg or more, 60kg or less, 67kg or less, 75kg or less, the following 84kg. 2) Winner has a lot of attack skills than the loser. The game was a draw and the loser disonchigi, apdollyeochagi, apsonchigi. The winner is aphurigi, apdollyeochagi, apsonchigi in the order of many uses.

SoMed: scaling decentralised microblogging services with a hybrid DHT framework

Today's microblogging services such as Twitter have experienced unparalleled growth. The microblogging services have served more as news media outlets than online social networks. We use them to participate in some big events, as exemplified by predicting the H1N1 virus emergency, detecting earthquakes, and living World Cup Games. However, these kinds of burst events will cause peak access. It is unsurprising that servers will suffer from large amount of concurrent access and lead to significant impairment of availability. Furthermore, it will lead to asymmetric workloads, because of the divergent behaviours of users, social users and media users. Some media users or celebrities e.g. Lady Gaga accounts for over 20 million followers will generate a huge amount of traffic and lead to tremendous workloads. In this paper, we are in consideration of these problems together, and present SoMed, a hybrid DHT framework towards decentralised microblogging services. We evaluate SoMed by conducting simulations with real traces of Twitter. An experimental analysis illustrates significantly bandwidth saving and response time reducing with high QoS.

Match play performance characteristics that predict post-match creatine kinase responses in professional rugby union players.

BackgroundRugby union players can take several days to fully recover from competition. Muscle damage induced during the match has a major role in player recovery; however the specific characteristics of match play that predict post-match muscle damage remains unclear. We examined the relationships between a marker of muscle damage and performance characteristics associated with physical contacts and high-speed movement in professional rugby union players.MethodsTwenty-eight professional rugby union players (15 forwards, 13 backs) participated in this study. Data were obtained from 4 European Cup games, with blood samples collected 2 h pre, and 16 and 40 h post-match, and were subsequently analysed for creatine kinase (CK). Relationships between changes in CK concentrations and number of physical contacts and high-speed running markers, derived from performance analysis and global positioning system (GPS) data, were assessed.ResultsModerate and moderate-large effect-size correlations were identified between contact statistics from performance analysis and changes in CK at 16 and 40 h post-match in forwards and backs, respectively (e.g. backs; total impacts vs. ΔCK (r = 0.638, p < 0.01) and Δ% CK (r = 0.454, p < 0.05) 40 h post-match). Furthermore, moderate effect-size correlations were found between measures of high-speed running and sprinting, and changes in CK at 16 and 40 h post-match within the backs (e.g. high-speed running distance vs. ΔCK (r = 0.434, p = 0.056) and Δ% CK (r = 0.437, p = 0.054) 40 hrs post-match).ConclusionsOur data demonstrate that muscle damage induced by professional rugby union match play is to some extent predicted by the number of physical contacts induced during performance. Furthermore, we show for the first time that muscle damage in backs players is predicted by high-speed running measures derived from GPS. These data increase the understanding of the causes of muscle damage in rugby union; performance markers could potentially be used to tailor individual recovery strategies and subsequent training following rugby union competition.

Globalization and Social Justice in Sports Broadcasting

This article highlights sport broadcasting as an emergent battlefield of “globalization from above and below” based on analysis of the strained relationship between Al-Jazeera Sport (AJS) and sports fans in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) over subscription fees to the 2010 and 2014 World Cup games. The article illustrates how sports globalization weakened national broadcasters’ bidding power and allowed corporations to turn the World Cup from a free to high-fee event, leaving angry citizens from the MENA region to fend for themselves. A survey of online media illustrates how these angry citizens shared tactics to resist these fees.

Migrant Workers, Employment Practices, and Human Rights: A Case Study of Ethical Issues Affecting International Business in Qatar

Qatar is a nation diminutive in size, yet gigantic in wealth. It seems that such riches would bring prosperity and lifestyles not commonly found in the world. However, these riches pose unique problems and challenges for Qatar. The relatively small native population cannot, and often will not, fill the employment needs of this aggressively developing nation. Therefore, the vast majority of the workforce in Qatar is immigrant labor. These workers enjoy none of the rights and privileges of native Qatari citizens. In fact, these immigrant workers often face exploitation, human rights violations, and abuse at the hands of Qatari employers. With the world focused on Qatar as the site of the FIFA 2022 World Cup Games, the issue of immigrant worker human rights violations is center stage. Qatar must address these human rights issues if it is to gain respect and cooperation from the nations of the world and advance its agenda to become a premier nation.

Event Intervention이 일본, 중국 항공수요에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study is to anticipate the air travel demands over the period of 164 months, from January 1997 to August 2010 using ARIMA-Intervention modeling on the selected sample data. The sample data is composed of the number of the passengers who in the domestic route for Jeju route. In the analysis work of this study, the past events which are assumed to have affected the demands for the air travel routes to Jeju in different periods were used as the intervention variables. The impacts of such variables were reflected in the presupposed demand. The intervention variables used in this study are, respectively, the World Cup event in 2002 (from May to June), 2003 SARS outbreak (from April to May), Tsunami in January 2005, and the influenza outbreak from October to December 2009. The result of the above mentioned analysis revealed that the negative intervention events, like a global outbreak of an epidemic did have negative impact on the air travel demands in a risk aversion by the users of the aviation services. However, in case of the negative intervention events in limited area, where there are possible substituting destinations for the tourists, the impact was positive in terms of the air travel demands for substituting destinations due to the rational expectation of the users as they searched for other options. Also in this study, it was discovered that there is not a binding correlation between a nation wide mega-event, such as the World Cup games in 2002, and the increased air travel demands over a short-term period.

Measuring Compliance in Mobile Longitudinal Repeated-Measures Design Study

Using a longitudinal, repeated-measures approach, we test whether a smartphone designed to deliver short surveys at periodic intervals throughout the day can be used to capture key information on respondent behaviors and attitudes over time. Leveraging a study of 384 South Africans conducted during the 2010 FIFA World Cup games, respondents were administered a brief survey five times per day for 33 days and asked to take a picture of what they were focused on at the time of the survey. Focusing on critical questions of task compliance, we examine completion rates and three additional indicators of survey compliance. The research demonstrates how Smartphones can expand traditional survey methods, capturing both cross-time and “in-the-moment” data.

Uma lição vinda da África do Sul: os cartéis da construção estão aumentando significativamente os custos de infraestrutura da copa do mundo FIFA 2014 no Brasil?

The article is the result of the academic partnership between IELA/UFSC - Institute of Latin American Studies – and Edie Cottle, a South African researcher, author of critical papers concerning the impacts the 2010 FIFA World Cup in the life of that country's population. Employing the methodology used in that research, this study aims to reveal the true costs and possible overbillings the construction of Brazilian arenas that will receive the 2014 World Cup games.

World Cup’s Impact on Mental Health and Lifestyle Behaviors in the General Population

This study compares the prevalence of health-related behaviors and mental health well-being in the Hong Kong general male population before and after the 2006 World Cup finals. Two anonymous, serial, comparable cross-sectional surveys. A total of 500 and 530 adult Chinese men, respectively, were interviewed in 2 telephone surveys before and after the finals. Those interviewed after the World Cup were more likely to eat snacks more than 3 d/wk, to be binge drinkers, or to spend more than 2 h/d communicating with family members. They were less likely to have higher General Health Questionnaire or lower Short Form-36 Health Survey Vitality scores (odds ratio [OR] = 0.684 and 0.765), to perceive family-related or work-related stress (OR = 0.327 and 0.345), or to self-report being sick or have visited a doctor (OR = 0.645 and 0.722). All variables between watchers versus nonwatchers of World Cup games were significant or marginally significant. Public health education should be incorporated into global sport events.

La ciudad y la Copa del Mundo: proyectos y transformaciones urbanas en Porto Alegre, Brasil

The city of Porto Alegre is one of the venues of the 2014 FIFA World Cup games in Brazil. Because of this, several works to adequate the city urban in€astructure have been planned to prepare the city for the tournament. is paper presents the works which are agreed between FIFA and the Brazilian government agencies, their location within the city and what their expected impacts on urban space. It also briey contextualizes how the urban space has been produced in recent decades with the aim of demonstrating that some forms that seemed to have been overcome reappear at this moment. Finally, it discusses the consequences of these changes for the city as a whole and its citizens, questioning the kind of legacy that the World Cup will leave in Porto Alegre.

A cidade e a Copa do Mundo: projetos e transformações urbanas em Porto Alegre - Brasil

e city of Porto Alegre is one of the venues of the 2014 FIFA World Cup games in Brazil. Because of this, several works to adequate the city urban in€astructure have been planned to prepare the city for the tournament. is paper presents the works which are agreed between FIFA and the Brazilian government agencies, their location within the city and what their expected impacts on urban space. It also briey contextualizes how the urban space has been produced in recent decades with the aim of demonstrating that some forms that seemed to have been overcome reappear at this moment. Finally, it discusses the consequences of these changes for the city as a whole and its citizens, questioning the kind of legacy that the World Cup will leave in Porto Alegre

Gramsci and UPPs - The Passive Revolution of Capitalism in the Favelas of Rio de Janeiro

The favela slums in the city of Rio de Janeiro have been object of an intensive security program in the recent years. The UPP (Unidades de Policia Pacificadora) program has been celebrated by mass media for promoting the ‘pacification’ of such territories by taking over the control of the territories from drug traffickers. However, the proximity of World Cup and Olympic Games, and the entwined relations of corporations, civil society and government show that this program has hidden motivations which seems much more significant than the ones formally presented. This paper uses the theoretical framework of Antonio Gramsci to explain how this process assumes the condition of a passive revolution, intended to change the old economic system of theses territories and integrate them to the capitalist market. The passive revolution is sustained by the analysis of the strategy of UPPs, territory control, culture transformation, and co-optation of leaderships. This process aims to recover the confidence of internal...

Team USA and the 2010 FIFA World Cup: an examination of TV fans viewing intention

The study examined how cognitive, affective, behavioural functions and patriotism influence viewing intentions to follow games of the men’s US national team and games of the FIFA World Cup in general played during the 2010 World Cup. A questionnaire that included items in three dimensions of the attitude formation theory: ‘sport knowledge’, ‘sport identification’, ‘frequency of viewing’ and ‘patriotism’ was administered to 467 sport sciences students in the USA. Results revealed that sport identification was the strongest predictor followed by patriotism and sport knowledge when examining intention to watch the World Cup games. For intention to watch games of the US national team, results showed patriotism was the most important predictor followed by sport identification and sport knowledge. ANOVA results indicated there were gender differences. In both cases, male respondents showed significantly higher mean scores than female respondents. Practical implications and methodological limitations were also discussed.

Reshaping the national bounds through fandom: the UltrAslan of Galatasaray

Since the murder of two Leeds United fans during a 2000 Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) Cup game in Istanbul, Turkish fandom has often been stigmatized as particularly violent and nationalistic. This article intends to deconstruct this negative perception through the case study of the UltrAslan, the hardcore fans of Galatasaray. The Turkish reinterpretation of a fandom model born in Italy showed a new model of organization: The ‘footballistic church’. This notion describes an elaborate institution with the Universalist vocation of gathering the largest fan base. It shows how the Turkish ultras have deepened the identification with their club, transcending local, ethnic, political or religious identities. By rejecting the deep schisms that divide the country, the fans’ group can be viewed as a new model of a national community.