CuO Samples Research Articles

Nanostructured CuO Thin-Film-Based Conductometric Sensors for Real-Time Tracking of Sweat Loss.

Enhanced sweat sensors lead to real-time, sustained, noninvasive tracking of sweat loss, ensure insight into individual health conditions at the molecular level, and have obtained prominent interest for their hopeful implementations in customized health tracking. Metal-oxide-based nanostructured electrochemical amperometric sensing materials are the best selection for continuous sweat monitoring devices owing to their high stability, high-sensing capacity, cost-effectiveness, miniaturization, and wide applicability. In this research, CuO thin films have been fabricated by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction technique (SILAR) with and without the addition of Lawsonia inermis L. (Henna, (LiL)) leaf extract (C10H6O3, 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) with a high-sensitive and rapid response for sweat solution. Despite the pristine film being responsive to the 65.50 mM sweat solution (S = 2.66), the response characteristic improves to 3.95 for the 1.0% LiL-implemented CuO film. Unmodified, 1.0% LiL and 3.0% LiL-substituted thin-film materials assure considerable linearity with linear regression ranges, R2, of 0.989, 0.997, and 0.998, respectively. It is noteworthy here that this research aims to determine an enhanced system that could potentially be implemented in real-life sweat-tracking administrations. Real-time sweat loss tracking capabilities of CuO samples was found to be promising. Derived from these outcomes, we concluded that the fabricated nanostructured CuO-based sensing system is a useful application for the continuous observation of sweat loss as a biological argument and compatibility with other microelectronic technologies.

Enriched oxygen vacancies of copper(I) oxide particles for enhanced removal of hydrogen sulfide at room temperature

In this work, the removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) by copper(I) oxide (Cu2O) and copper(II) oxide (CuO) particles synthesized by thermal decomposition (TD) and liquid reduction is investigated in a fixed-bed experiment at 25 °C and 1 atm. The surface oxygen vacancies (VOs) contents of the prepared Cu2O samples are more than twice that of the synthesized CuO particles, which are closely related to H2S removal performance. The H2S adsorption capacity of Cu2O prepared is 135.6 mg g−1, approximately 27 times that of CuO. A dense CuS layer formed on the CuO surface makes it significantly less reactive with H2S than Cu2O. Due to the crystal structure and abundant VOs on the Cu2O surface, the weak Cu–O bonds are broken during the sulfurization process, causing the rupture of the surface layer. And the sulfidation reaction gradually extends to the interior through the cracked surface layer, leading to the excellent sulfurization performance of Cu2O. The larger H2S adsorption capacity of Cu2O prepared by TD than that of Cu2O prepared by liquid reduction could be attributed to the presence of more numbers of VOs and Cu atoms on the surface. Moreover, H2O can enter VOs and promote the dissociation of H2S into S2−, thereby improving H2S adsorption capacity. This work demonstrates that Cu2O is a promising sorbent for H2S removal at room temperature.

Investigation of the simultaneous interactions of experimental variables and mechanism pathway in the photodegradation of methylene blue by binary ZnO/Cu2O photocatalyst

The pollution of water suppliers by various organic compounds, especially synthetic dyes, has been known as a critical global risk. An efficient removal technology is a heterogeneous photocatalysis based on the illumination of semiconducting materials, especially as coupled systems and on the nanoscale. This work synthesized and coupled ZnO and Cu2O nanoparticles (NPs) to enhance the photocatalytic activity due to the decreased electron/hole (e/h) pairs recombination. The pHpzc values of 8.5, 8.0, and 8.4 were estimated for ZnO, Cu2O, and Cu2O-ZnO samples. In the response surface methodology (RSM) study of methylene blue (MB) photodegradation, a significant model was confirmed based on model F-value of 55.8 > F0.05, 14, 15=3.18 and a lack-of-fit (LOF) of 2.52 < F0.05, 10, 5 =4.77. All correlation coefficients (R2 = 0.9812, the adjusted R2 = 0.9636, and the predicted R2 = 0.9109) are close to each other and unity. The optimal conditions run included pH 3, an illumination time of 45 min, and a binary catalyst dose of 0.55 g/L. In the presence of Na2CO3, ascorbic acid, Na2SO4, and NaCl, the initial degradation efficiency of 50.9% (in the absence of any scavenger) was decreased to 31.9%, respectively 36.3%, 39.7%, and 44.4%, respectively, within an irradiation time of 30 min. This order confirms the hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radicals, free electrons, and finally, the holes have relative importance in MB photodegradation process. Based on the results, a direct Z-scheme mechanism was suggested for the MB photodegradation. The direct Z-scheme is a favor to produce more hydroxyl and superoxide radicals as the main centers of MB photodegradation by the proposed system. The recovery percentages of 48, 45, 43, and 39% were obtained for the first to fourth reusing runs, respectively. The catalyst holds above 81% of its initial activity after four reusing runs, which is satisfactory.

Photoluminescence Spectroscopy of Cuprous Oxide: Bulk Crystal versus Crystalline Films

Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) crystals and films of 10–65 nm thickness are investigated via electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy at temperature between 100 to 300 K. While the chemical composition and surface morphology of both systems are identical, large differences are found in the optical response. Bulk Cu2O shows pronounced PL peaks at 620, 730, and 920 nm, compatible with the radiative decay of free and bound excitons, whereas broad and asymmetric peaks at 775 and 850 nm are found for Cu2O films grown on Au(111) and Pt(111) supports. The latter represent the PL signature of VO2+ and VO+ defects, being inserted with substrate‐dependent concentrations due to the oxygen‐poor preparation of the Cu2O films. Despite the strong VO signature in PL, all Cu2O samples show p‐type conductance behavior in STM spectroscopy, indicating an abundance of Cu defects in the lattice. The fact that O vacancies still govern the thin‐film PL is explained by a more efficient recombination via VO‐ than Vcu‐emission channels, as the latter requires exciton formation first. Herein, the high sensitivity of low‐temperature PL to probe the defect landscape of dielectrics, being neither reached by photoelectron spectroscopy nor scanning probe techniques is demonstrated.

Synthesis, structural and optical properties of Cu doped ZnO and CuO–ZnO composite nanoparticles

Hydrothermal synthesis was used to obtain pure, doped and composite semiconductor oxide materials. We synthesized ZnO, CuO, Cu doped ZnO with 1, 2 and 3 wt %, and for Cu additions at 6, 8, 10, 15, 30 and 50 wt% this resulted in ZnO–CuO composites with different morphologies. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed hexagonal and monoclinic crystalline phases for pure ZnO and CuO, respectively. Electron microscope images showed two-dimensional (2D) shaped particles. The Cu element could dope ZnO up to 3 wt%, whilst above this value, composites of ZnO–CuO were generated, with two segregated phases having flake-like shaped elongated particles. The visible-light absorption increases for the doped samples, being directly proportional to the Cu content for the dopant and the composite particles, showing a broad absorption range between 200 and 800 nm. Two bandgap energy values of 3.22 and 1.45 eV were determined for the ZnO–CuO samples. The samples were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) in order to understand the doping process and composite formation.

A multicomponent lithium aluminum zinc germanate glass influenced by copper ions in its dielectric and spectroscopic characteristics

Multi component Li2O–Al2O3– ZnO–GeO2 glasses doped with CuO ranging from 0 to 1.0 mol% were prepared by the conventional melt quenching technique. Spectroscopic (optical absorption, IR, and EPR) and dielectric properties of the prepared glasses were examined. The EPR and optical absorption studies indicate that low-concentration CuO samples contain both Cu2+ and Cu + ions. CuO concentrations up to 0.6 mol% increased the level of disorder in the glass network, as indicated by IR studies. The dielectric study reveals the influence of copper valance states on the structural aspect of the samples. It has been shown from all these studies that the copper ions can be present in Cu3+ state in these glasses as well as Cu2+ and Cu+ states and thus participate in glass network formation. A quantitative analysis of the dielectric properties of the glasses has indicated that when the CuO concentration exceeds 0.6 mol%, the insulating strength increases. As a result, aluminum ions have been found to be tetrahedrally coordinated instead of octahedral. CuO concentrations above 0.6 mol% in the glass matrix significantly alter the physical properties of these glasses. The reduction of Cu2+ ions to Cu + ions has significantly effected the spectroscopic and dielectric investigations.

Optical basicity, polarizability and spectroscopic investigations of CuO doped TeO2–B2O3 glass system

A study of the spectroscopic properties, as well as polarizability and optical basicity of TeO2–B2O3 glasses doped with CuO using density, XRD, and UV–Vis analysis, is presented in this paper. The TeO2–B2O3 – CuO glasses are fabricated using the melt-quenching method. The glasses proved to be amorphous in nature from the XRD which was confirmed by the UV–Vis spectra. The peak observed in the pattern of the 0% CuO sample represents the presence of a crystalline phase of α-TeO2 and/or γ-TeO2. Important optical and physical parameters are discussed such as the refractive index (2.318–2.378), metallization criterion (0.4069–0.3919), optical basicity (0.7995–0.8057), electronic polarizability (0.2358–0.2410), linear dielectric susceptibility (0.3480–0.3704 esu), and third order non-linear dielectric susceptibility (1.466 × 1012–1.882 × 1012 esu). Based on the refractive index, metallization criterion, electronic polarizability, optical basicity, and dielectric susceptibility values, the glasses could present great potential applications in fiber optics and laser applications.

Study the effect of simple extraction techniques to synthesizing promising antimicrobial bio-capped copper oxide nanoparticles

ABSTRACT Six samples of bio-capped copper oxide nanoparticles were made from two bio-waste extracts: Punica granatum L. peels and Psidium guajava Linn. leaves. Extraction methods included soaking in water or hydroethanol and boiling in water. The samples were characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and TGA. Results showed organic residue capping on CuO nanoparticles varied based on the extract and capping medium used. The thermal stability of all CuO samples was observed to be high, as recorded from TGA patterns and confirmed by EDX analysis, which showed a high content of copper ranging from 10.1 to 36.1%. TEM analysis revealed an average particle size of less than 20 nm for all six samples, suggesting a similarity in size. The soaking technique produced the most stable bio-capped CuO nanoparticles with a high negative zeta potential value. According to the study, the CuO samples synthesized from aqueous extracts obtained through soaking showed the highest antibacterial activity. This could be attributed to the high oxygen ratio, which was confirmed via EDX analysis. The bio-capped CuO was effective against multidrug- resistant gram-positive bacteria MRSA, and C. albicans. A mechanism was proposed to explain how the capping media affected the antimicrobial activity of the bio-capped CuO nanoparticles.

Electron Beam-Induced Reduction of Cuprite

Cu-based materials are used in various industries, such as electronics, power generation, and catalysis. In particular, monolayered cuprous oxide (Cu2O) has potential applications in solar cells owing to its favorable electronic and magnetic properties. Atomically thin Cu2O samples derived from bulk cuprite were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Two voltages, 80 kV and 300 kV, were explored for in situ observations of the samples. The optimum electron beam parameters (300 kV, low-current beam) were used to prevent beam damage. The growth of novel crystal structures, identified as Cu, was observed in the samples exposed to isopropanol (IPA) and high temperatures. It is proposed that the exposure of the copper (I) oxide samples to IPA and temperature causes material nucleation, whereas the consequent exposure via e-beams generated from the electron beam promotes the growth of the nanosized Cu crystals.

Effect of Metal-Oxide Phase on the Magnetic and Magnetocaloric Properties of La0.7Ca0.3MnO3-MO (MO=CuO, CoO, and NiO) Composite

The study reports the synthesis and characterization of the magnetic and magnetocaloric effects of metal-oxide (MO) modified La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 perovskites manganite. The powder composite samples, with a nominal composition of (1 − x)La0.7Ca0.3MnO3-xMO (Wt.% x = 0.0, 2.5, 5.0), were prepared using the facile autocombustion method, followed by an annealing process. The phase purity and structure were confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Temperature and field-dependent magnetization measurements and Arrott analysis revealed mixed first- and second-order phase transition (ferromagnetic to paramagnetic) in composite samples. The phase transition temperature shifted to lower temperatures with the addition of MO in the composite. A large magnetic entropy change (4.75 JKg−1K−1 at 1T and 8.77 JKg−1K−1 at 5T) was observed in the La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 (LCMO) sample and was suppressed, due to the presence of the MO phase in the composite samples. On the other hand, the addition of MO as a secondary phase in the LCMO samples enhanced their relative cooling power (RCP). The RCP of all composite samples increased with respect to the pristine LCMO, except for LCMO–5%NiO. The highest RCP value of 267 JKg−1 was observed in LCMO–5%CuO samples, which was 23.4% higher than the 213 JKg−1 observed for the pure LCMO at a magnetic field of 5T. The enhanced RCP of these composites makes them attractive for potential refrigeration applications.

Synthesis of Al and In dual-doped CuO nanostructures via SILAR method: Structural, optical and electrical properties

In this article, we investigated the doping characteristics of Al-doped CuO (ACO), and Al/In co-doped CuO (AICO) thin films, which were synthesized on glass substrates, via the solution-based successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique. The surface morphological, chemical composition, structural, optical, and electrical properties of the nanocrystalline films were characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis.) spectrophotometry, and Transmission Line Method (TLM), respectively. Surface morphology studies exhibited that a decrease in the films' thickness caused an increment in the optical transmittance. XRD patterns displayed that the obtained samples were polycrystalline and crystallized in a bare CuO monoclinic structure. FTIR studies of the CuO samples displayed that Al and In co-doping influenced the forms and the violence of the absorption bands. The optical bandgap energy of bare CuO was determined to increase from 1.45 to 1.78 eV as a result of the co-doping. The substitution of In displayed in the irregularity of the morphology, owing to its wide ionic radius, which caused an increase in band gap energy and a decrease in resistance. The co-doping of Al and In is hence anticipated to ensure an extensive range of physical and optical properties of nanostructured metal oxide samples for a variety of technological applications.

In Situ Hydrogen Temperature-Programmed Reduction Technology Based on the Integrated Microcantilever for Metal Oxide Catalyst Analysis.

Hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR) technique is significant for catalyst characterization. The available instruments typically measure the H2 consumption using a thermal conductivity detector (TCD), which is strongly affected by the produced H2O molecules. Herein, we demonstrate an in situ TPR technology based on a silicon microcantilever, in which resonance exciting/detecting components and heating electrodes for catalyst samples are integrated. The microcantilever-based H2-TPR technology requires only 20 ng of the sample and eliminates the requirements of TCD and cold trap. During the self-heating up to 1000 °C, reduction-induced mass change of the sample can be in situ measured with picogram-level resolution. Compared with the available instruments, the microcantilever-based H2-TPR technology directly and in situ measures the mass change of the sample, without using H2 consumption to indirectly represent the reduction process, thus significantly improving the characterization accuracy. The microcantilever-based TPR technology has been successfully used to characterize various metal oxide catalysts with satisfactory accuracy. The in situ TPR results of the three CuO samples with different grain sizes clearly distinguish their different maximum temperatures, revealing the size effect of the catalyst. The microcantilever can also be placed in a low-temperature test chamber, enabling successful frozen H2-TPR analysis of catalysts with low reduction temperatures, such as PdO. Featuring simplified operation but high detecting accuracy, the microcantilever-based in situ H2-TPR technology is promising in the analytic applications of advanced catalysts.

Epitaxial electrodeposition of Cu2O on Ag substrates in sulfate baths

A series of Cu2O samples were electrodeposited on polycrystalline Ag substrates in an electrolyte containing 0.4 M cupric sulfate and 1.3 M lactic acid at different electrolyte temperatures, pH values, and current densities. The electron backscatter diffraction technique was used to characterize the epitaxial orientation relationship (OR) between the deposited Cu2O films and underlying Ag grains. Epitaxial growth was mostly prohibited for the films deposited at pH 9 and 25 °C, whereas epilayers consisting of crystals of a single orientation were deposited on most of the substrate grains at conditions of pH 12/25 °C, pH 9/60 °C, and pH 12/60 °C. In addition to the expected cube-on-cube OR, four more ORs were identified. The existence of multiple ORs was probably a result of coincidence site lattice matching. The adoption of the epitaxial OR for Cu2O films strongly depended on the orientations of the substrate grains. Finally, transmission electron microscopy analysis indicated that the epilayer deposited at 60 °C contained a relatively low density of threading dislocations on the order of 109 cm−2 and thus exhibited low electrical resistivity values of 1–3 × 103 Ω·cm.

Synergistic effect of doping and nanotechnology to fabricate highly efficient photocatalyst for environmental remediation

Nanotechnology and metal-doping are two promising techniques to make semiconductive material-based photocatalysts with higher surface area and modulating electronic structure. Using the simple surfactant-assisted co-precipitation approach; we synthesized nanostructured Zn-doped CuO (Zn0.4Co 0.6 O) as a visible-light-driven catalyst for environmental remediation. The morphology, texture, crystal structure, phase, charge transport properties, and chemical constitution of the as-prepared materials were characterized through advanced physiochemical characterization. Using the Rhodamine B (RhB) dye and the bacteria Escherichia coli (E-coli), the photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of CuO and Zn-doped CuO were investigated and compared to evaluate the effect of the doping technique. Surfactant-assisted synthesized Zn-doped CuO samples demonstrated excellent photocatalytic practicability against Rhodamine B dye, with a mineralization efficiency of up to 92.89% within 70 min and a high pseudo-first-order kinetic constant (K) of 0.033 min-1. The photocurrent response of the Zn-doped CuO sample was about double that of the CuO sample, demonstrating that the nanoarchitecture and modified electronic structure of the Zn-doped CuO sample resulted in increased photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, the Zn-doped CuO photocatalyst demonstrated enhanced antibacterial activity, killing E. coli bacteria by creating reactive oxygen species (ROS) that disrupt their important cellular processes and functions. Thus, our proposed Zn-doped CuO photocatalytic with faster degradation kinetics, good recyclability, and a lower electron-hole recombination probability could be used for environmental remediation. • Nanostructured Zn-doped CuO was prepared by using the surfactant co-precipitation approach. • Physicochemical and electrical properties of the Zn-doped and pristine CuO samples were investigated. • Zn-doped CuO mineralized 92.89% RhB dye in 70 min under visible light irradiation. • The kinetics, photoelectrochemical properties and reusability tests were also performed. • The Zn-doped CuO catalyst also showed excellent potential against E-coli .

Facile synthesis of discus-like porous CuO architectures and their enhanced xylene gas sensing performances

• Discus-like porous CuO architectures are fabricated by a facile route. • Discus-like porous CuO can rapidly detect xylene with superior stability. • Porous structure and catalytic oxidation of CuO improve sensing behaviors. The discus-like porous CuO architectures have been successfully synthesized through a facile room temperature coprecipitation approach followed by subsequent annealing treatment. The multiple characterizations by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) demonstrate that the as-prepared CuO samples show unique discus-like porous structures with superior morphological homogeneity and dispersion. When applied as a gas sensing material, discus-like porous CuO based gas sensor shows an enhanced xylene gas sensing performance, including a fast response/recovery speed (2 s/13 s) and well stability as well as repeatability at an optimal working temperature of 260 ℃. The superior xylene gas sensing properties are predominantly attributed to the synergistic effect of porous discus-like architectures and the catalytic oxidation of p-type semiconductor CuO on xylene gas.

Characterization of the Structural and Optical Properties of Copper Oxide for Use in Solar Cells Using Screen Printing Method

Structural and optical properties of copper oxide for solar cells applications was studied using screen printing techniques. Annealing procedure was employed in order to test the temperature effect. Samples were annealed at 150 oC and 200 oC for 30 minutes, the last sample was allowed to dry at room temperature. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), UV-visible spectroscopy, and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy were used to describe the materials (FTIR). The results demonstrate that the annealing temperature had a substantial impact on the sample's structural properties. SEM analysis shows that the 150 oC annealed CuO sample have good morphology, no brittleness or cracking, and no gaps between crystal grains. The UV-visible spectrometer machine type Cary 50bio (0906m12) was used to analyze the absorption and percentage transmittance of the samples at room temperature, dry CuO sample and sample annealed at 150 oC have the strongest absorption in the visible band. The entire samples have a good transmittance for solar applications according to FTIR results. CuO sample annealed at 150 oC has a band gap 1.29eV which makes it good material for solar applications.

Fabrication of a Tubular CuO/NiO Biomimetic Nanozyme with Synergistically Promoted Peroxidase-like Performance for Isoniazid Sensing.

Isoniazid is an antibiotic primarily used in clinical treatment of tuberculosis, but excessive usage can lead to serious consequences such as hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and even coma and death. Therefore, it is critical to exploit a quick, facile, and acute way for isoniazid analysis. In this work, we have demonstrated an efficient electrospinning-carbonation-wet chemistry reaction-calcination process to fabricate CuO/NiO nanotubes (NTs) as a promising nanozyme for peroxidase (POD) mimicking. In virtue of the distinct tubular structure and synergy between CuO and NiO from the mechanisms of both electron transfer and hydroxyl radical generation, a remarkably improved catalytic activity is realized for the CuO/NiO NTs compared with bare CuO and NiO samples. According to the admirable POD-like property, a rapid colorimetric detection for isoniazid is accomplished with a detection limit of 0.4 μM (S/N = 3) and favorable selectivity. In addition, the sensing capability of isoniazid in a real sample is also investigated with satisfactory results. This work offers a novel tactic to fabricate high-performance nanozymes with efficient isoniazid sensing capabilities to address challenges in disease treatment efficacy and public safety monitoring.

Enhancement in structural, morphological, and optical properties of copper oxide for optoelectronic device applications

AbstractIn this study, copper oxide (CuO) specimens were successfully prepared by the hydrothermal process at altered calcination temperatures; 350, 450, and 550°C. The synthesized samples were analyzed through X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Raman, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV-Vis spectroscopy to analyze the impact of calcination temperature on the structural, morphological, vibration spectra, functional group, and optical properties of CuO for optoelectronic device applications. XRD confirms the pure single-phase monoclinic structure of synthesized samples with no impurity phases and has good crystallinity with the development in calcination temperature. The average crystalline size, lattice constant, and porosity were found in the range of 3.98–5.06 nm;a= 3.4357 Å,b= 3.9902 Å,c= 4.8977 Å – a= 3.0573 Å,b= 3.9573 Å,c= 4.6892 Å; and 3.37–1.03%, respectively. SEM exhibited a variation in morphology by increasing calcination temperature. Raman spectra revealed that the CuO sample calcinated at 550°C with a stone-like shape having a large grain size of 3.25 μm exhibited that Raman peak intensity and the multiphonon band became stronger and sharper and exhibited higher intensity compared to the samples calcinated at 350 and 450°C. FTIR spectra confirmed that these synthesized specimens exhibited the peaks associated with the typical stretching vibrations of the Cu–O bond between 400 and 500 cm−1exhibiting the formation of CuO. The energy bandgap was slightly reduced from 1.61 to 1.43 eV with the increase in the calcination temperature. The optical studies revealed that the calcination temperature of 550°C improves the optical properties of CuO by tuning its optical bandgap. The modified structural, morphological, and optical characteristics of the prepared CuO samples make them an appropriate candidate for optoelectronic device applications.

Growth, characterization, and photovoltaic application of copper oxide thin films

• CuO was obtained from the annealing of Cu 2 O electrodeposited on SnO 2 :F electrodes. • Optical properties were modeled in the visible and near-infrared ranges. • Photoelectrochemical measurements confirmed a possible absorber layer application. • CuO samples have presented a strong photocurrent generation. This work presents the fabrication of Cu 2 O thin films using electrodeposition at room temperature. These have been grown using a copper (II) sulfate electrolyte (pH=10) on fluorine-doped tin oxide films. Thermal oxidation at standard atmosphere was applied to obtain CuO samples from Cu 2 O. The characterization of these copper oxide samples has revealed their morphological, compositional, crystalline, vibrational, and optical properties. These results indicate the desired features for photovoltaic conversion applications. Moreover, strong photocathodic current generation in these samples has been found using chronoamperometry. In addition, first-principles calculations based on generalized gradient approximation, in a Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof parametrization, were performed to determine the structural, electronic, and optical properties of these copper oxides to help in the interpretation of the experimental results.

Enhanced photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activity of Copper oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Facile Combustion methods from Mussaendafrondosa Plant Extract

Microwave heating (MHM) and mutated sol-gel (SGM) mechanisms were used to effectively create CuO samples with two dissimilar morphologies, such as nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) and nanorods (CuO-NRs), using Mussaendafrondosalinn plant extract as the bio-reducing operator. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) investigations were used to analyze the sample's structure, pureness, and morphological characteristics. UV-Visible diffuse reflectance (DRS) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy methodologies were used to analyze optical properties and calculate bandgap energy. The bandgap of the samples was measured using the Kubelka-Munk mechanism, and it was found to be 2.74eV and 2.33eV for CuO-NPs and CuO-NRs, correspondingly. CuO-NPs and CuO-NRs were investigated for antibacterial activity versus each Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms using a modified disc diffusion method. When correlated to the sample CuO nanorods, the antibacterial study confirms that the sample CuO nanoparticles are high-grade antibacterial agents. Using solar lighting, the photocatalytic activity of CuO nano-reactants (CuO-NPs and CuO-NRs) for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye was investigated, and the findings revealed that CuO-NPs with tinier particle sizes degraded MB more than CuONRs.