CuO Nanocomposites Research Articles

GO-CuO nanocomposites assimilated into CA-PES polymer membrane in adsorptive removal of organic dyes from wastewater.

Textile industries are one of the leading environmental pollutants by releasing harmful dye effluents. In many textile distrts, the amount of excess color in treated textile effluent that exceeds regulatory limitations is still being a major concern. The combining usage of nanomaterials and polymer material to solve these issues using various techniques. In this research, graphene oxide-copper oxide (GO-CuO) nanomaterial have been incorporated into cellulose-acetate (CA), poly-ether sulfone (PES) blend polymer by using phase inversion process to fabricate thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane for removal of dye pollutant. The physiochemical properties of prepared TFN materials were studied by Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), and mechanical strength analysis. Dye adsorption experiments were performed with four typical water-soluble organic dyes methylene blue (MB), rhodamine blue (Rh. B), methyl orange (MO) and Congo red (CR). After reaching adsorption equilibrium, the composite membrane final removal effectiveness for MB 92.42%, Rh. B 89.39%, CR 68.39%, and MO 58.82% respectively. As a result, the fabricated TFN material proves to be an effective adsorbent material for cationic dye molecules. Also, when the fabricated material was tested with textile industry effluent sample, all physio-chemical properties exhibited a considerable decrease in concentrations when compared to the real textile effluent concentration. The treated effluents permitted for a relatively greater growth and germination index of Tropical amaranth roots than the textile effluent, this demonstrates that phytotoxicity testing was also successful. The most effective temperature, concentration and pH were found to be 273K, 1 × 10-5M and pH 9. The fabricated TFN membrane material (GO-CuO @ CA-PES) can be recommended for water treatment applications.

Synthesis of MoS2-CuO nanocomposite for room temperature acetone sensing application

Rapid and efficient detection of acetone gas at room temperature is of great importance for non-invasive screening of diseases as well as environmental and industrial safety. In this work, we have demonstrated a resistive room temperature acetone gas sensor based on molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 )-copper oxide (CuO) nanocomposites. The morphological and structural characteristics, crystalline nature, and attachment of CuO nanoparticles on MoS 2 nanosheets were investigated using various standard material characterization techniques. The sensing properties of the MoS 2 -CuO nanocomposite sensor were investigated systematically by exposing to various acetone gas concentrations. It was found that the sensor showed excellent response towards acetone with high sensitivity and fast response and recovery time with a detection limit of 93 ppb. Furthermore, the sensor also showed good repeatability, reproducibility and stability, and portended enormous potential for acetone gas monitoring in the fields of health care, environmental, and industrial applications. The probable sensing mechanism of the MoS 2 -CuO nanocomposite based acetone sensor has been discussed in detail. • A room temperature acetone sensor has been developed based on MoS 2 -CuO nanocomposite. • The sensor exhibits high sensitivity with detection limit of 93 ppb over a linear range of 0.5–2 ppm acetone concentration. • The sensor demonstrated a response of 16.21±0.3216.21 ± 0.32 for 10 ppm acetone concentration. • The sensor exhibits fastest response time of 61 s for 10 ppm acetone concentration.

Facile synthesis of Y2O3/CuO nanocomposites for photodegradation of dyes/mixed dyes under UV- and visible light irradiation

Yttrium oxide/CuO nanocomposite with different concentrations of Y2O3 were synthesized by a combustion technique. The structural, morphology, and photocatalytic properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction, SEM and photodegradation studies respectively. Scanning electron microscopy images reveal the porous nanocomposite morphology with significant aggregation. The photocatalyst degraded both carmine and methylene blue (MB). An attempt was made to discover the optimal circumstances of degradation, including time of contact, H2O2 concentration, and light exposure. Under UV irradiation, 2.5% Y2O3 -CuO nanocomposite demonstrated optimum photocatalytic efficiency of up to 55.68% in 70 min, with a rate constant of around 0.0079 min−1 for MB. However, the photocatalytic efficiency of the 1% Y2O3/CuO nanocomposite increased to 87.95% in 70 min, with a rate constant of about 0.01826 min−1 for carmine under UV irradiation. The findings demonstrated that UV light increased the reaction rate more than visible light. Furthermore, the research showed that carmine is degraded faster than MB. Cyclic experiments showed the Y2O3/CuO nanocomposite stability over repeated use. The photocatalytic reaction species trapping studies were performed with 1% Y2O3/CuO nanocomposite and UV light.

Corrosion Inhibition Evaluation of Chitosan–CuO Nanocomposite for Carbon Steel in 5% HCl Solution and Effect of KI Addition

Chitosan–copper oxide (CHT–CuO) nanocomposite was made by an in-situ method utilizing olive leaf extract (OLE) as reductant. The OLE mediated CHT–CuO nanocomposite containing varying amount of chitosan (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g) was evaluated as corrosion inhibitor for X60 carbon steel in 5 wt% hydrochloric acid solution. The corrosion inhibitive performance was assessed utilizing weight loss and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, linear polarization resistance and potentiodynamic polarization techniques complemented with surface assessment of the corroded X60 carbon steel without and with the additives using scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and 3D optical profilometer. The effect of KI addition on the corrosion protection capacity of the nanocomposites was also examined. Corrosion inhibitive effect was observed to increase with increase in the nanocomposites dosage with the highest inhibition efficiency (IE) achieved at the optimum dosage of 0.5%. The order of corrosion inhibition performance followed the trend CHT1.0–CuO (90.35%) > CHT0.5–CuO (90.16%) > CHT2.0–CuO (89.52%) nanocomposite from impedance measurements. Also, IE was found to increase as the temperature was raised from 25 to 40 °C and afterwards a decline in IE was observed with further increase in temperature to 50 and 60 °C. The potentiodynamic polarization results suggest that the nanocomposites alone and in combination with KI inhibited the corrosion of X60 carbon steel by an active site blocking mechanism. Addition of KI upgrades the IE of the nanocomposites but is not attributable to synergistic influence. The lack of synergistic influence was confirmed from the computed synergism parameter (S1) which was found to be less than unity with values of 0.89, 0.74 and 0.75 for CHT0.5–CuO, CHT1.0–CuO and CHT2.0–CuO nanocomposites, respectively, at 60 °C. Furthermore, KI addition improved the IE with rise in temperature from 25 to 60 °C. Surface analysis results confirm the formation of a protective film which could be attributed to the adsorption of the nanocomposites on the carbon steel surface.

Mechanistic and Experimental Study of the CuxO@C Nanocomposite Derived from Cu3(BTC)2 for SO2 Removal

A tunable and efficient strategy was adopted to synthesize highly porous nano-structured CuO−carbonized composites (CuxO@C) using Cu3(BTC)2 as a sacrificial template. The as-synthesized CuO nanocomposites exhibited hollow octahedral structures, a large surface area (89.837 m2 g−1) and a high proportion of Cu2O active sites distributed on a carbon frame. Based on DFT calculations, both the Cu atoms on the surface (CuS) and oxygen vacancy (OV) exhibited strong chemical reactivity. On the perfect CuO (111), the CuS transferred charge to O atoms on the surface and SO2 molecules. A strong adsorption energy (−1.41 eV) indicated the existence of the chemisorption process. On the oxygen-deficient CuO (111), the O2 preferably adsorbed on OV and then formed SO3 by bonding with SO2, followed by the cleavage of the O−O bond. Furthermore, the CuO nanocomposites exhibited an excellent ratio of S/Cu in SO2 removal experiments compared with CuO nanoparticles produced by coprecipitation.

CuO and CuO-based nanocomposites: Synthesis and applications in environment and energy

Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles and nanocomposites have gained attention worldwide due to their unique characteristics and properties, followed by numerous applications in the field of environment and energy. Various synthesis techniques for CuO nanomaterials and their potential applications are discussed in this article. The traditional and green synthesis techniques are thoroughly studied, and the effect of reaction conditions on the fabricated nanoparticles is also investigated. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of the synthesis techniques and how to overcome them are also discussed. In addition, the characterization and physicochemical properties are correspondingly studied. This review also focuses on the potential applications such as environmental remediation, including sensing, adsorption, and photodegradation of toxic contaminants, CO2 reduction. Furthermore, energy operations that include energy production devices like water splitting and fuel cells and energy storage devices, such as lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors are discussed. Therefore, the upsurge of copper oxide-based nanocomposite and the journey will inspire the modern generation of chemists to modify and design robust nanoparticles and their nanocomposites that can effectively tackle substantial environmental challenges. This overview concludes by providing future perspectives on CuO research in synthesis and its various applications.

Enhanced optical nonlinearity and ultrafast carrier dynamics of TiO2/CuO nanocomposites

Transition metal oxides (TMOs) are drawing multitudinous interest due to their strong thermochemical stability. In the present work, we proposed a facile strategy to fabricate TiO 2 /CuO nanocomposites. By using the conventional open- and closed-aperture Z-scan technology, the eminent nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of the as-prepared TiO 2 /CuO nanocomposites were demonstrated. In order to deeply investigate the NLO enhancement mechanism, we established a theoretical model to study the photogenerated carriers transfer dynamics at the interface with rate equations and the fouth-order Runge-Kutta algorithm. The simulation results indicated that under pumping irradiation, the carriers transferring from CuO to TiO 2 promoted the nonlinear optical absorption of CuO nanosheets and increased the modulation depth. Experimentally, the transient absorption spectroscopy and broadband time-resolved pump-probe measurements were presented to study the role of the carrier dynamics in the broadband near-infrared region. To further confirm the enhanced NLO response in TiO 2 /CuO nanocomposites, a highly stable dissipative soliton mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser with TiO 2 /CuO saturable absorber was constructed at 1 μm for the first time. Our work manifested the key effects of the interface in TiO 2 /CuO nanocomposites to boost the NLO features which can be applied in ultrafast photonics applications.

Synthesis and characterization of polysulfone-graft-poly(vinylchloride)-graft-2-methylimidazole membranes with Cu2O nanoparticles

Poly (sulphone) (PSu) was chemically grafted with PVC via Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction at 85°C for 2 h under N2 atmosphere. Further, it was treated with 2-Methylimidazole (2MI) in the presence of Cu2O nanoparticle catalyst in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) medium for 2 h under nitrogen atmosphere with stirring. Thus synthesized PSu-g-PVC-g-2MI/Cu2O nanocomposite was characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, DSC, TGA, XPS, SEM, EDX, HR-TEM, WCA and mechanical testing. The FT-IR spectrum showed a peak at 534 cm−1 corresponding to the metal-oxide stretching. The methyl proton signal of 2MI from the resultant polymer appeared at 2.40 ppm in the 1H-NMR spectrum. The glass transition (Tg) temperature and degradation temperature (Td) of the PSu-g-PVC-g-2MI/Cu2O nanocomposite system was determined as 169.2°C and 628°C respectively. The surface water contact angle of the resultant polymer nanocomposite system was found to be 48.1° and confirmed the hydrophilic nature of the membrane. The XPS showed the presence of Cu2p at 930.2 eV derived from Cu2O nanocatalyst. The experimental results were deeply analyzed and compared with the results of the other research teams.

Visible-light driven γ-Al2O3, CuO and γ-Al2O3/CuO nanocatalysts: Synthesis and enhanced photocatalytic activity

• A facile γ-Al 2 O 3 /CuO nanocatalyst were developed via hydrothermal process for enhance photocatalytic activity. • The degradation efficiency achieved to be 91% and 78% decomposition of MB and RhB dyes under visible light irradiation. • The higher photocatalytic performance was obtained due to efficient separation of the photo-induced electron-hole pairs and effective electron–hole generation. A novel and facile γ-Al 2 O 3 /CuO nanocomposites (NC S ) was fabricated via a hydrothermal technique for Visible light mediated photocatalytic activity. The synthesized samples of pure γ-Al 2 O 3 , CuO and γ-Al 2 O 3 /CuO NCs were analyzed using XRD, UV-DRS, PL, FT-IR, BET, and FESEM analysis techniques. The as prepared γ-Al 2 O 3 , CuO and γ-Al 2 O 3 /CuO catalysts were used to degrade Rhodamine B (RhB) and Methylene Blue (MB) textile dyes, which were studied using photocatalytic experiments. The degradation took place in the presence of visible light illumination. The degradation efficiency of γ-Al 2 O 3 , CuO, and γ-Al 2 O 3 /CuO nanocomposites for RhB and MB dyes was 52 %, 59 %, 78 %, and 65 %, 73 %, 91 %, respectively. The higher degradation efficiency was achieved by using γ-Al 2 O 3 /CuO nanocatalysts due to their efficient increase in photo-induced e - /h + charge separation and diminishes their charge carrier re-coupling factor.

Development and Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube (CNT)/CuO Nanocomposite for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Gas Sensor Application

Development and Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube (CNT)/CuO Nanocomposite for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Gas Sensor Application

Rational Design and Synthesis of Ag−Cu2O Nanocomposites for SERS Detection, Catalysis, and Antibacterial Applications

AbstractWith the growing desire to incorporate enhanced properties and multiple functions into a single nanostructured system, research on nanocomposites has intensified in recent years. Several material combinations have already been studied, giving rise to a rich library of hybrid nanomaterials. In this Minireview, attention is directed toward Ag−Cu2O nanocomposites, which integrate the strong plasmonic features of metallic Ag and the semiconducting properties of Cu2O. There are numerous ways by which these two materials can be arranged in a nanocomposite, leading to diverse types of hybrid configurations (e. g. core–shell, core–satellite, yolk–shell, Janus). The synthetic protocols that have been used in fabricating these different hybrid structures are amply discussed in this paper. Also described are the remarkable properties that arise from the union of Ag and Cu2O, and how these properties can be utilized in the fields of sensing, catalysis, and antibacterial treatment. Lastly, knowledge gaps and future directions are identified in the concluding section.

Green synthesis of CuO nanocomposite from watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) rind for the treatment of aquaculture effluent

Aquaculture can generate toxic effluent that have a deleterious effect on the aqueous environment. The aim of this study was to synthesise a nano-composite of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NP) and kaolin (CuO-NC) for the regulation of some physico-chemical parameters of aquaculture effluent before being discharged into the environment. CuO-NP was obtained from a green synthesis route from watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) rind. The synthesised nanoparticles (NPs) were characterised by particle size analyser, BET, DTA/TGA and FTIR. The green synthesis technique was successfully able to achieve nano-sized particles. BET by computational analysis revealed that CuO-NC has 174.2 m2/g specific surface area, 0.2108 cm 3/g pore volume, and 2.647 nm pore size. CuO-NC was thermally stable up to 270 °C. Also, CuO-NC in addition to the CuO-NP had some hydroxide salt moieties. The utilisation of CuO-NC in treating aquaculture effluent was able to successfully regulate the pH, colour, odour, dissolved oxygen, total alkalinity, chemical oxygen demand Copper and Lead in line with permissible limits. Based on the discussions, the process was considered technically feasible for scale-up and implementation as a sustainable water resource management technology.

Scaled-up development of recyclable Pd@ZnO/CuO nanostructure for efficient removal of arsenic from wastewater

The purification of water from hazardous substances, like arsenic (As) containing media which causes chronic disorders, requires special types of technological approaches to tackle this problem. Among the technological advancements, adsorption is considered as one of the easiest techniques used for the treatment and purification of water. Herein, palladium (Pd) coated ZnO/CuO based nanocomposite was prepared successfully by a hydrothermal method and the product was characterized by XRD, HRTEM, SEM, EDS, TGA, FTIR and XPS techniques. The resultant adsorbent demonstrated remarkable adsorption capacity in the removal of harmful arsenic from water, which was 91.96 and 96.36 mg/g for both As(III) and As(V) respectively. Moreover, the effect of various parameters like —OH concentration and metal precursor on the morphology of Pd@ZnO/CuO nanocomposite has been studied. Consequently, both As(III) and As(V) were found to be well agreed with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, which ensures their adsorption through ion exchange and electrostatic interaction. Additionally, the whole process of arsenic removal was carried out at pH 4‒9 in the presence of various minerals. Finally, the adsorbent was reused and presented satisfactory results over five cycles, which render it as the best candidate for the elimination of arsenic from natural and industrial water samples.

Preparation and Gas Sensing Properties of rGO/CuO Nanocomposites

Gas sensors are instrumental in the control and monitoring of air pollution. A facile fabrication method for low-cost gas sensors with high sensitivity and a fast response time is crucial in practical applications. Here, reduced graphene oxide (rGO)–CuO nanocomposites were synthesized for gas-sensing applications using a facile hydrothermal method. The crystal structure, surface morphology, and electrical properties of the nanocomposites were inferred from X-ray powder diffraction patterns, scanning electron microscopic images, and current–voltage (I–V) measurements, respectively. The results confirmed a high-quality rGO–CuO material with a spherical flower-like morphology. The CuO material showed a single-phase monoclinic crystal structure with an average crystal size of ∼21 nm. Within the composite, high-quality rGO was incorporated into the porous spherical flower-like CuO material. In gas-sensing measurements, the rGO–CuO nanocomposite detected NO2 gas at low concentrations (1–5 ppm) with reasonably high response values and a fast response time (<1 min). An rGO–CuO nanocomposite-based sensor was fabricated, showing good repeatability for practical applications.

Effect of Annealing on Sensing Properties of ZnO: CuO Nanocomposite Thin Films by the Sol-gel Method

The zinc oxide (ZnO) - copper oxide (CuO) n-p junctions are a promising material for detecting ammonia gas. In this work, nanocomposite of ZnO: CuO thin films were deposited by using sol-gel spin coating method on a glass substrate. The search aimed to study the effect of annealing at 500oC on the physical properties and the effect of annealing on the sensing properties of the prepared films. The characterization of thin films before and after annealing treatment was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the morphology of the surface and grain size of particles also, UV-Visible analysis for optical properties. Sensing properties were also studied before and after annealing. The results showed the films were polycrystalline in nature with a monoclinic phase and the crystalline size was 5.4 nm and 9.9 nm before and after annealing. The results of SEM and AFM showed the surface uniformly and particle size was 25nm to 32 nm before and after annealing. The results of sensing properties for ammonia gas showed the sensitivity was enhancement after annealing treatment.

A sensitive DNA biosensor for determination of mesalazine using PPy/Sponge-like Carbon/La3+-doped CuO nanocomposite

A sensitive DNA biosensor for determination of mesalazine using PPy/Sponge-like Carbon/La3+-doped CuO nanocomposite

Synthesis and functional properties of ZnO/CuO nanocomposite for gas sensing applications

ZnO/ CuO nanocomposite is one of the promising materials for gas sensing application. The p-n heterojunction formation plays vital role by providing more gas interaction sites with the analyte gas molecules. Formation of hetero junction improves the charge transport and reduces the operating temperature. Herein we report the simple synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO/CuO nanocomposite using facile hydrothermal synthesis method. The preparedsamples confirm the hexagonal crystal structure. The morphological micrograph confirms the uniform growth of CuO nanoparticles on the ZnO matrix.

Solar Power Light‐Driven Improved Photocatalytic Action of Mg‐Doped CuO Nanomaterial Modified with Polyvinylalcohol

Sonochemical synthesis was used to create novel solar light active Mg‐doped CuO nanoparticles. Through a chemical impregnation method, the produced nanomaterial was changed with PVA (polyvinylalcohol). The optical properties, crystal structure, and surface morphologies of the synthesized nanomaterials were probed by UV‐visible spectroscopy (UV‐vis‐DRS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and BET specific surface area studies. The prepared nanomaterials were utilized for the photocatalytic destruction of methylene blue (MB). The photocatalytic activity of PVA‐modified Mg‐doped CuO nanocomposite is magnificent to CuO and Mg‐doped CuO nanomaterials. This is because of the remarkable electron‐hole dissociation and overwhelming increased photocatalytic activity achieved through surface modification. Additionally, the consequence of several reaction factors like pH, catalyst dosage, and MB concentration was deliberated. This research could lead to the development of polymer‐based metal oxide‐doped catalysts for the decomposition of organic contaminants in wastewater.

Implementation of novel pulsed laser ablation strategy to control the morphological growth and enrich the electrochemically active sites of multifunctional Ni–CuO electrocatalyst

High-performance and inexpensive multifunctional electrocatalysts, which can drive different electrocatalytic reactions in the same electrolyte, are vital for energy conversion and storage applications. A novel laser-based synthesis method for the preparation of multifunctional Ni–CuO nanocomposites, which can be utilized in methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), is described herein. The growth dynamics of CuO in presence of Ni nanoparticles, as well as the corresponding effects on the electrocatalytic activity, are investigated. The prepared electrocatalyst exhibits trifunctional catalytic activity. The controlled change of the CuO morphology into homogenous nanospheres with more electrochemically accessible Cu sites results in excellent MOR activity with a high current density of 10.21 mA cm−2 at the vertex potential. Moreover, the electrocatalyst displays high oxygen and hydrogen turnover capability with outstanding operational durability in OER and HER. It is demonstrated that Ni–CuO can potentially be used as a bifunctional water splitting electrocatalyst in alkaline conditions. Importantly, this work provides a viable methodology, which can be employed for the development of efficient and stable multifunctional electrocatalysts by pulsed laser ablation.

Synthesis and Characterization of PVVH/ CuO Nanocomposite for Industrial Application

Synthesis and Characterization of PVVH/ CuO Nanocomposite for Industrial Application