Culture In Italy Research Articles

Образ Италии в аспекте «фронтирного восприятия» в «итальянских» очерках С. П. Шевырева

The research aims to characterize the features of building the image of Italy in S. P. Shevyrev’s travel essays in the aspect of “frontier perception”. The scientific novelty of the paper is determined by the insufficient study of the topic of Italy in Shevyrev’s works and by the attention to the “frontier aspect” of Italy’s image in Shevyrev’s artistic consciousness. The paper traces the influence of the concepts of J. G. Herder (on the interconnectedness of cultures of different peoples in the synchronic and diachronic contexts of history) and J. J. Winckelmann (on the influence of climate on the appearance of the people) on the ethnopoetics of Shevyrev’s travel prose. The research identifies and describes a number of positions in which Shevyrev brings together the culture of Italy and Russia (characteristics of the natural and urban landscape; architectural features of buildings; details of material culture; folk traditions). The idea is justified that the traveler, comparing “his own” and “foreign”, is in the cultural “frontier zone”, which is reflected in his travel notes. The research contributes to the study of S. P. Shevyrev’s creative work, to the exploration of the travel prose of the first half of the 19th century. In addition, using the “frontier” approach expands the range of methodological directions for the study of travel literature.

From Graphic Surface to Continuous Surface

The interior spaces we inhabit every day are defined by a system of cultural and symbolic references manifest in surfaces, objects, furniture, and art pieces that colonize and design our everyday spaces. For this research, the author aims to develop a theory concerning the shaping of interior space by the surface, informed by domestic interiors published in the magazine Domus during Gio Ponti’s second tenure as editor-in-chief (1948–1978). Domus helped to build a design culture in Italy and Europe by publishing domestic interiors understood as a field where the efforts of artists, architects, and designers coalesced, and the room became the place where disciplinary specificities dissolved.

Exploring the Intersection of Aquaponics and Ornamental Fish Culture in Italy’s Aquaculture Evolution: A Review of Innovative Integration

The global imperative for sustainable food production has ignited a surge in interest and creativity at the nexus of aquaculture and agriculture. Italy, renowned for its historical embrace of aquaculture, has become a focal point for innovation through the fusion of aquaponics and ornamental fish farming. This review extensively explores Italy’s dynamic aquaponics landscape, with a specific spotlight on the integration of ornamental fish into closed-loop systems. The study delves into the intricate relationship between fish culture and plant development within aquaponic systems, presenting a comprehensive approach to nutrient recycling in the realm of sustainable agriculture. This symbiotic interaction not only enhances resource efficiency but also provides a pragmatic means to counter the environmental drawbacks associated with conventional aquaculture methods. Furthermore, the review assesses the financial ramifications of incorporating decorative fish species into aquaponic systems, shedding light on the economic viability of this innovative approach. Based on a careful review of 27 research articles about the integration of aquaponics and ornamental fish culture in Europe, specifically in Italy, as well as 20 articles about aquaponics with edible fish, two about perspectives on hydroponics, and five about the integration of aquaponics and ornamental fish culture perspectives in Europe, Asia, and other regions, the study clarifies the efforts of Italian farmers. This review seeks to contribute to the ongoing success of this creative integration by synthesizing current knowledge and outlining critical avenues for future research.

Exploring the Intersection of Aquaponics and Ornamental Fish Culture in Italy’s Aquaculture Evolution: A Review of Innovative Integration

The global imperative for sustainable food production has ignited a surge in interest and creativity at the nexus of aquaculture and agriculture. Italy, renowned for its historical embrace of aquaculture, has become a focal point for innovation through the fusion of aquaponics and ornamental fish farming. This review extensively explores Italy’s dynamic aquaponics landscape, with a specific spotlight on the integration of ornamental fish into closed-loop systems. The study delves into the intricate relationship between fish culture and plant development within aquaponic systems, presenting a comprehensive approach to nutrient recycling in the realm of sustainable agriculture. This symbiotic interaction not only enhances resource efficiency but also provides a pragmatic means to counter the environmental drawbacks associated with conventional aquaculture methods. Furthermore, the review assesses the financial ramifications of incorporating decorative fish species into aquaponic systems, shedding light on the economic viability of this innovative approach. Based on a careful review of 27 research articles about the integration of aquaponics and ornamental fish culture in Europe, specifically in Italy, as well as 20 articles about aquaponics with edible fish, two about perspectives on hydroponics, and five about the integration of aquaponics and ornamental fish culture perspectives in Europe, Asia, and other regions, the study clarifies the efforts of Italian farmers. This review seeks to contribute to the ongoing success of this creative integration by synthesizing current knowledge and outlining critical avenues for future research.

Disgruntled Italians – social capital and civic culture in Italy

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyse the geography of social capital in Italy thirty years after publication of the book Making Democracy Work – Civic Traditions in Modern Italy (Putnam etal. 1993). We used a statistical method (Distance Between Strata [D.B.S.]), which had not previously been applied to the study of social capital, and data from the 2019 I.S.T.A.T. Multiscope Household Surveys ‘Aspects of daily life’. We analysed the distribution of social capital in the regions of Italy in multidimensional terms. With D.B.S. it was indeed possible to consider various dimensions of social capital instead of using an overall index. It enabled us to isolate three types of Italians, which we called civic, non-civic and ‘disgruntled’ Italians. Disgruntled Italians are citizens who participate in political and social life and tend to trust others, but have little trust in public institutions. Their geographic identification is the main contribution of this article to Italian studies on social capital for at least two reasons: (1) it questions the ‘obvious’ correlation between political participation and trust in institutions; (2) it provides an important basis for reflection on Italian civic culture.

The Influence of Argentine psychoanalytic culture in Italy

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, many Italians emigrated to South America, especially to Argentina and Brazil, in search of a better life than the one they were living in a country tormented by social and economic unrest. Later, with the advent of a political situation in Argentina strongly marked by instability, especially with the coup d’état that sanctioned the rise to power of General Videla in 1976, those who could boast even distant ties of kinship in Italy chose that destination instead to continue to build their lives. Among these were several who had been trained in psychoanalysis in Argentina. Once they started working in Italy, they necessarily passed on their training background influenced by a psychoanalysis that, in Argentina, had already started to think in terms of “field” and begun to be applied to groups and institutions.

Exploration of Artistic Expression in the Context of the Renaissance from Different Countries: Take Innovations in Painting Techniques as an Example

This study investigates the painting techniques of different regions as a representative of urban culture in Italy and the Netherlands during the Renaissance. At this time, the artworks struggled between humanistic and divine worldviews but also manifested regional relatively independent personalities resulting in various economic and cultural contexts. Incorporating evidence from paintings, artists' manuscripts, and other contexts, this paper contrasts painting techniques from two countries concerning ways of seeing the world, renewing suitable materials, and drawing scientifically. These creations are particularly evident throughout the painting's history revealing disparate proportions of city-culture components, including artistic creation, everyday lifestyle, and city value from historical memories. It allows the Renaissance cultural development process to be easily grasped by a direct artistic expression despite space-time barriers. Though the different paths of national artistic development have produced different results, the similar cause and connotation of painting techniques’ innovations in the two places reflects the inevitability of history, because art is not an accidental product, but the result of the cultural development of an entire city.

On the disappearance of leftist political idea(l)s

ABSTRACT In this article, I have chosen a specific perspective from which to identify and analyse what has gone wrong for the Italian Left in the past thirty years. I will take as my starting point the demolition of the Berlin Wall (1989) and continue with the foundation of the Partito Democratico (Democratic Party [PD] 2007), its vicissitudes, its current state of health and its status. I will do so by attempting as far as possible to consider what has been done, or not done, by other left-wing parties in Europe. My main hypothesis is that the Left has declined because it has been unable to renew or reinvigorate its political culture. When dealing with the PD I will briefly analyse the motivations behind its birth, and especially the frequently repeated intention to amalgamate – through the so-called and never-achieved hybridization – the best of all Italian reformist political cultures. My final remarks will be devoted to what can be done to (re)formulate a left-wing political culture in Italy (and elsewhere in Europe).

Small banks and innovative entrepreneurial culture in Italy: A historical perspective

Based on provincial (NUTS 3) data from a comprehensive survey conducted in 1927 by the Italian National Statistical Institute (ISTAT), this paper investigates the effect of the historical presence of small financial institutions on current start-up rates. It finds evidence that their presence positively affects current start-up rates in high and medium-high technology manufacturing sectors. In contrast, it does not find any significant effect in low and medium-low technology manufacturing sectors. These results suggest that the local presence of small financial institutions may have been essential in promoting the development of entrepreneurship in those sectors that are intrinsically more opaque and riskier.

Structure and agency in the career of a female pioneer in Italian journalism: A conversation with Anna Maria Mori

This conversation with Anna Maria Mori aims to reconstruct, through the testimony and the memories of a prominent pioneer of women’s journalism, the feminization of news making practices and cultures in Italy. From a twenty-first century perspective, the interview will retrace the evolution of women’s access to careers in Italian journalism, bringing to light the undeniable progress and the persistent areas of criticality, the asymmetries between the increasing presence and visibility gained by women journalists and their enduring underrepresentation when it comes to leadership positions in the newsroom. Having covered many different roles during her long career, which has developed through the daily press, women’s magazines, radio and television, Mori is the ideal interlocutor for the specific intent of this interview.

Review Essay: Italy's Culture War: The Failed Quest for a Christian Democracy (1948–74)

Review Essay: Italy's Culture War: The Failed Quest for a Christian Democracy (1948–74)

La LIPU e il Centro Habitat Mediterraneo di Ostia, esempio virtuoso di sintesi dialettica tra tutela dell’ambiente e valorizzazione del patrimonio culturale

LIPU is a non-profit association founded in the 1960s committed to the conservation of nature, the protection of biodiversity and the promotion of ecological culture in Italy. This paper traces the events that marked its history, investigating the aims, initiatives and results achieved. A specific case study is then addressed, that of the Centro Habitat Mediterraneo in Ostia, which is a virtuous example of the recovery and enhancement of a previously abandoned area, now transformed into a place where environment and culture interact in a particularly dynamic reality with marked connotations of social inclusiveness.

Radical practices, radical pedagogies: intercultural explorations in language and meaning

This article reflects on the visual, spatial, and textual devices deployed by the Architettura Radicale in the 1960s and 1970s through a discussion of a pedagogical project developed for undergraduate architecture students from Monash University, Australia, as part of a travelling intensive based in Prato, Italy. At the time, Prato became the subject of debate about the rapid expansion of consumer culture in Italy, as underscored in Claudio Greppi’s graduating project, ‘Territorial City-Factory’ (1964-5). This architectural proposal rendered the area between Prato and Florence as a totalising city-factory, a proposition that was later developed under Archizoom as ‘No-Stop City’ (1968-70). Greppi’s recasting of Prato as a site for political and architectural experimentation became the catalyst for a teaching-led research project, re-examining the work of the Radical movement in Tuscany. In collaboration with architect and artist Gianni Pettena, the intensive sought to draw out the performative and embodied approaches implicit in his own work and that of his peers including UFO and 9999, as well as the rhetorical devices embedded within the critical fictions of Superstudio and Archizoom. By first dissecting and then redeploying these techniques in response to a site-specific brief, the ultimate pedagogical aim was to expose the students to an expanded range of architectural approaches and to re-evaluate the nature of radical practices ‘within and against’ the omnipresent struggles of late capitalism, and the contemporary cultural and educational context of neoliberalism and the university.

Cohesion Policy, tourism and culture in Italy: a regional policy evaluation

ABSTRACT European Union (EU) Cohesion Policy aims to reduce regional disparities between countries. The tourism sector has played a strategic role in this policy in the last years. The 2007–13 period developed a new vision focused on the link between tourism and enhancing cultural and natural resources. This paper evaluates this policy by analysing whether EU funds have positively impacted tourism and culture. The synthetic control method is used for 20 NUTS-2 Italian regions in the period 1998–2018. We identify regions exposed to the ‘convergence’ objective as treated units and regions not exposed as counterfactual. Results show positive effects on culture.

The European Solidarity Corps and their activities with emphasis on the protection of the Basilica of Saint Benedict in Norcia after the 2016 earthquakes

Purpose. The aim of this paper is to present one of the ways to protect and preserve cultural heritage in post-crisis situations. The paper presents the initiative of the European Solidarity Corps and its volunteer activities in Norcia with an emphasis on interventions and actions of fixing and preventing further deterioration of the Basilica of St. Benedict in Norcia after the 2016 earthquake. Approach/methodology. Research on the activities of the European Solidarity Corps initiative and its volunteer activities in Norcia was conducted by analysing archival material and literature. The paper refers to official documents of the Ministry of Culture in Italy, the European Commission and recent Italian papers on the subject. Findings. The first part of the paper presents the basic information and goals of the European Solidarity Corps initiative. The second part of the paper presents the state of the Basilica of St. Benedict in Norcia before the 2016 earthquake and the state of the Basilica during the earthquake. The main part of the paper presents the volunteer activities carried out by the European Solidarity Corps in ruined Norcia. The paper presents the work of student volunteers within the framework of the activities of the European Solidarity Corps at the Basilica of St. Benedict in Norcia. The fourth part of the paper points to the existence of an initiative in Croatia called Europske Snage Solidarnosti, which invites young professionals to participate in volunteer activities. Originality/value. The paper provides information about the existence of the European Solidarity Corps initiative. The successfully used EU funds for the post-earthquake reconstruction of the Basilica of St. Benedict in Norcia are pointed out. Information on the existence of the European Solidarity Corps and their potential use in similar situations in Croatia is important. The paper can inform and encourage readers to join the European Solidarity Corps and participate in their volunteer projects, or to volunteer for another organization or institution.

The Origin, Identity and Contributions of the Etruscans to Roman Civilization

Etrüskler adıyla anılan kavim, aslında Anadolu’lu Troyalılar ile Türk kökenli İskitler’in (Sakalar) İtalya’da karışıp kaynaşmasıyla oluşan ve İtalya’daki mevcut köy kültürünü şehir kültürüne dönüştüren önemli bir halk grubudur. Grekler onları Tyrsenler veya Tyrhenler adıyla anarken, Romalılar bu kavme Tuscalar ya da Etrusclar demiştir. Oysaki Etrüskler, kendilerine Rasenna diyorlardı. İnsanlık tarihinde Doğu ve Batı dünyalarının ilk büyük mücadelesi olarak kabul edilen Troya Savaşları’nda Doğu Bloku’nun temsilcisi olarak ortaya çıkan Troyalılar, on yıllık bir mücadelenin sonunda Batı’yı temsil eden Akalar’a yenilmişlerdi. Bir süre sonra Ege Göçleri’ne (Deniz Kavimleri Göçü) katılmak zorunda kalan Troyalılar, birdenbire kendilerini Mısır kapılarında bulmuşlardı. Ege Göçleri’nin hem birinci hem de ikinci aşamasına katılan Troyalılar, Mısır firavunlarına karşı verdikleri mücadeleyi ne yazık ki, kaybetmişlerdi. Çanakkale yöresindeki anavatanlarına dönmek zorunda kalan Troyalılar, yurtlarının yaşanmaz bir duruma geldiğini görerek, biraz daha güneydeki İzmir yöresine yerleşmişlerdi. Ancak Yunanistan’dan bu bölgeye göç eden Akalı göçmenler yüzünden, MÖ 10. yüzyıl başlarında Anadolu’yu tamamen terk ederek, deniz yoluyla İtalya’nın Toskana bölgesine göç etmişlerdi. Bu hadiseden yaklaşık iki asır sonra, Kafkaslar üzerinden Anadolu’ya giren iki Türk kavmi ile karşılaşıyoruz. Bunlar, İskit ve Kimmer kavimleridir. Anadolu’ya yaklaşık 80 yıl hükmeden Kimmerler, Orta Anadolu’daki Frig Devleti’ni de ortadan kaldırmışlardı. Kimmerler’in peşinden Anadolu topraklarına giren İskitler, Herodotos’a göre, 28 yıl Doğu Anadolu’ya hükmettikten sonra Kimmerler’in boşalttığı Güney Rusya topraklarını istila ederek, burada Büyük İskit İmparatorluğu’nu kurmuşlardı. Ancak İskitler’in bir kısmı geri dönmeyip batı istikametindeki yürüyüşlerine devam ederek, Batı Anadolu kıyılarına ulaşmış ve buradan gemilerle İtalya’ya göç etmişlerdi. İşte İskitler’in (Sakalar) bu grubu ile daha önceden İtalya’ya göç etmiş olan Troyalılar karışıp kaynaşarak İtalya’da Türklük özelliklerinin ağır bastığı yeni bir topluluğun oluşumuna zemin hazırlamışlardır ki, bu kavim yukarıda bahsi geçen Etrüskler ya da Tursakalar adıyla anılan kavimdir. Biz bu çalışmamızda, Etrüskler’in Roma medeniyetinin oluşumunda ne gibi roller üstlendiğini yazılı ve arkeolojik kaynakların ışığında gözler önüne sermeye çalıştık.

Una Faccia, Una Razza: Similarities, Differences, and Parallels in Adult Education Policy Development in Greece and Italy

There is little evidence about the origin of the phrase una faccia, una razza (one face, one race). However, its use signifies numerous shared elements in the cultures of Italy and Greece. In both countries, adult education emerged within the critical paradigm whereas vocationalism is currently the leading force of adult education policy development. The purpose of this article is to discuss the paths of adult education policy evolution over the last 40 years in both countries. Acknowledging Europeanization, neoliberalism, and vocationalism as the forces of policy change, the article provides a detailed critical review, a synthesis, and a proposal about future steps in adult education policy. Keywords: adult education, policy development, vocationalism, neoliberalism, collaborativeinterpretive inquiry

Gender issues for Italian young people: exploring gender identity and cultures in social autobiographies

ABSTRACT The transformations of gender cultures are among the most powerful cultural and social processes of our age: at different speeds, these changes are affecting all societies in the world. Feminist thought and struggles, LGBTQ+ movements and new masculinities are eroding the pillars of patriarchy. Changes of this magnitude, destined to overturn centuries-old systems and power relations in public and private life, have been met with widespread resistance. Even the most progressive societies have experienced backlash, and gender-based discrimination and violence are still topical phenomena. This research investigates how today's young people are living this phase of tension between opportunities for change and the persistence of traditional mentalities. Specifically, what awareness do 20-year-olds have of the gender revolution underway? What influences do the family and the school exert? What conceptions do they hold, what practices do they follow? The strength of the research lies in its empirical corpus: it includes about 300 gender-focused social autobiographies, written by young Italian university students, men and women, and analysed with a qualitative method. This study offers an important insight into contemporary gender cultures in Italy.

Food Activism and Language in a Slow Food Italy Restaurant Menu

This essay explores how food activists in Italy purposely shape food and language to construct meaning and value. It is grounded in years of ethnographic fieldwork on food and culture in Italy and looks specifically at the Slow Food Movement. The essay explores language and food activism through a detailed unpacking of the text of a menu prepared for a restaurant dinner for delegates to the Slow Food National Chapter Assembly in 2009. The menu uses descriptive poetic language to construct an idealized folk cuisine steeped in local products, poverty, history, and peasant culinary traditions. As I explore the language of the menu and the messages communicated by the food, I ask if they intensify people’s activism, advance Slow Food’s goals of “good, clean and fair food,” and promote food democracy.

PERCHÉ IL DIBATTITO ANIMALISTA È COSÌ ARRETRATO IN ITALIA

In the brief notes that follow, we offer five reasons to explain the phenomenon, as widely evident as objectively odd, of the late coming of an animalist law culture in Italy, meaning: in the country where contemporary law and all Western systems of rights arose and spread all over in the “new world”. We will lead the reader into the ancient Roman law, from Imperial codes to later doctrina about due process and the rule of law. We will also lead up to the constitutions and codes of European Risorgimento. More, we will go on up to reach the Republican Constitution of 1948, focusing how that is an implicate model of integration among both human and fundamental rights, democracy and justice, basic ethical principles and collective goals, as well as of both egalitarianism and personalism. In this survey into Italian constitutional history and legal philosophy, we will try to let the reader dialogue with classical authors. Among others: Bobbio and the social personalism, Agamben and animal personalism, Martha C. Nussbaum and the frontiers of justice for animals, on the one side. On the other, author expecting a radical rediscovery. Among others: Aldo Moro and philosophers of law Pietro Martinetti and Cesare Goretti who anticipate-inspire Rawls, Habermas and Peter Singer.