Exploring the Intersection of Aquaponics and Ornamental Fish Culture in Italy’s Aquaculture Evolution: A Review of Innovative Integration

Abstract

The global imperative for sustainable food production has ignited a surge in interest and creativity at the nexus of aquaculture and agriculture. Italy, renowned for its historical embrace of aquaculture, has become a focal point for innovation through the fusion of aquaponics and ornamental fish farming. This review extensively explores Italy’s dynamic aquaponics landscape, with a specific spotlight on the integration of ornamental fish into closed-loop systems. The study delves into the intricate relationship between fish culture and plant development within aquaponic systems, presenting a comprehensive approach to nutrient recycling in the realm of sustainable agriculture. This symbiotic interaction not only enhances resource efficiency but also provides a pragmatic means to counter the environmental drawbacks associated with conventional aquaculture methods. Furthermore, the review assesses the financial ramifications of incorporating decorative fish species into aquaponic systems, shedding light on the economic viability of this innovative approach. Based on a careful review of 27 research articles about the integration of aquaponics and ornamental fish culture in Europe, specifically in Italy, as well as 20 articles about aquaponics with edible fish, two about perspectives on hydroponics, and five about the integration of aquaponics and ornamental fish culture perspectives in Europe, Asia, and other regions, the study clarifies the efforts of Italian farmers. This review seeks to contribute to the ongoing success of this creative integration by synthesizing current knowledge and outlining critical avenues for future research.