Culture In Thailand Research Articles

Marginal imprints: Provincial print culture and the politics of Thai literary history during the Cold War

This article considers the significance of provincial print culture in challenging and expanding Thai literary history. Focusing on Siritham Publishing House in Northeast Thailand or Isan as a case study, the article examines how provincial print culture shaped the contested landscape of literary production and reception during the Cold War, when the category of regional literature emerged under the pretext of national integration. Drawing on the framework of publishing studies as well as existing scholarship on print culture in Thailand, it is argued that the literary corpus of Siritham’s publisher, Preecha Phinthong, helps shift scholarly attention away from a conventional literary history that tends to focus on the Bangkok-centric notion of Thainess. Instead, it encourages a more nuanced exploration of the processes of literary standardization and canon formation. Together with a historical examination of Siritham’s establishment, a close analysis of paratextual components of Preecha Phinthong’s publications and unpublished manuscripts challenges the rigid understanding of Isan regional identity in academic discourse and state policy during the Cold War. Specifically, the articulation of regional literary identity in Preecha Phinthong’s archive often involves a transnational relationship between Thailand and Laos that extends beyond the confines of Thai nationalism. Moreover, these paratexts constitute a space through which provincial publishers create their own interpretive frameworks for assessing the historical, linguistic, and aesthetic significance of regional literature, complicating the academic discourse of literary standardization. In addition to this counter-hegemonic vision, provincial print culture offers a more dynamic understanding of regional literature. The emergence of Siritham Publishing House coincided with the rise of Lao nationalism, during which the popularization of Lao literature via print technology traversed the Mekong River. In this context, Isan literary history can be viewed as the result of the interplay between Thai and Lao nationalism, characterized by contestation, negotiation, and mutual construction.

The locus of Buddhist pedagogy and decolonising the ‘Thai university’

ABSTRACT The conjoint processes of nation-building and the construction of a homogenous national culture in Thailand have often leveraged Buddhism as a unifying force and cultural heritage of the Thai people. Owing to this, Buddhist pedagogy has been integrated into the Thai national curriculum, and accordingly, the modern Thai education system is steeped in Buddhist values. This is at odds with the modern-secular registers of pedagogy modelled after the Enlightenment project. Departing from here, this paper seeks to understand: how is the Buddhist religious order integrated into the “modern” Thai higher educational system? How, and how far, does it coexist with(in) the so-called modern universities, and what are its implications? Conversely, how do the “modern” curricula sit with Buddhism, both as an epistemology and a religious faith? Further, how does this then bear upon the line between the traditional-religious and the secular-modern as imagined from within the framework of the modern-secular episteme?.

Unique Food Culture in Thailand

Food culture refers to a special regional society of food farming, eating habits, eating etiquette. Each place, each country has its own unique food culture, Thai food culture is extensive and profound, not only reflected in the taste, aroma, more is reflected in the entire Thai cultural system. Through the introduction of Thailand's climate, agricultural structure, food hobbies, special food, etc., people have a basic understanding of Thai food culture and food preferences, and popularize Thai table manners. It is very important to respect other cultures.

Entrepreneurial orientation and national culture in Thailand: A case of three generations of a Thai SME

ABSTRACT This study explores the formation of entrepreneurial orientation in Thailand through the social environment in which individuals grew up, their educational background, and the education provided by their parents, with a case study of three generations of independent entrepreneurs from the same family. Despite low entrepreneurial inclination according to cultural metrics, key findings stress the significance of education abroad, encouragement of independent business pursuits, and exposure to diverse cultures in fostering entrepreneurial orientation. This suggests that family values and educational policies shape entrepreneurial mindset more than national culture. The study emphasizes entrepreneurship education and cross-cultural experiences in fostering an entrepreneurial mindset, advocating for educational reforms to embed entrepreneurship across disciplines. As an academic implication, the study identifies the influence of entrepreneurial orientation beyond national culture, encompassing family beliefs and educational policies. From a policy and practical perspective, entrepreneurship can be encouraged via education, particularly studying abroad.

Genome-wide SNP analysis provides insights into the XX/XY sex-determination system in silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus).

Silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) is among the most economically important freshwater fish species in Thailand. It ranks fourth in economic value and third in production weight for fisheries and culture in Thailand. An XX/XY sex-determination system based on gynogenesis was previously reported for this fish. In this study, the molecular basis underlying the sex-determination system was further investigated. Genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism data were generated for 32 captive-bred silver barb individuals, previously scored by phenotypic sex, to identify sex-linked regions associated with sex determination. Sixty-three male-linked loci, indicating putative XY chromosomes, were identified. Male-specific loci were not observed, which indicates that the putative Y chromosome is young and the sex determination region is cryptic. A homology search revealed that most male-linked loci were homologous to the Mariner/Tc1 and Gypsy transposable elements and are probably the remnants of an initial accumulation of repeats on the Y chromosome from the early stages of sex chromosome differentiation. This research provides convincing insights into the mechanism of sex determination and reveals the potential sex determination regions in silver barb. The study provides the basic data necessary for increasing the commercial value of silver barbs through genetic improvements.

Analysis of the current situation of Chinese culture communication among Thai Chinese learners

Thailand's "Chinese craze" has developed rapidly since its formation in 2003, and the number of people learning Chinese remains high. In recent years, with the spread of Chinese, the spread of Chinese culture in Thailand has also achieved certain results. Chinese culture is increasingly valued by Chinese learners. Based on literature analysis and survey interviews, this study designs a questionnaire to study the current situation of Chinese culture communication among Thai Chinese learners. This study also analyzes the problems and difficulties faced by Chinese culture communication in Thailand, and summarizes the Chinese culture of Thai Chinese learners by means of interview method. The present study show that the Chinese culture communication strategies of Thai Chinese learners can play a certain role in the overseas dissemination of Chinese culture.

한국어와 역사문화를 가르치는 태국 교수의 실천적 삶의 이해

Objectives This paper researched to understand in depth the life of Professor Parit Yinsen, who teaches Korean language and Korean history and culture at Songkhlanakarin University in Thailand.
 Methods A narrative inquiry method was used to understand Professor Parit Yinsen's life experience. Preliminary interviews, questionnaires, video conferences, and his class textbooks and student evaluations were used as analysis data to find meaningful statements, divide them into three categories, and construct narratives.
 Results Professor Parit Yinsen formed a deep connection with Korea through the Korean language he came across by chance during his university days. After studying abroad, he became the first Thai professor to teach Korean and struggled to teach the most Korean content. Going further than teaching Korean as a means of communica-tion, he is practicing to promote the Korean language and history with the hope that students will sincerely under-stand Korea.
 Conclusions Professor Parit Yinsen's practical challenges and courage played a big role in establishing Korean cul-ture in Thailand. Based on his deep affection for Korea, he is working day and night to ensure that his interest in the Korean language is not a temporary phenomenon but continues.

Identity and Cultural Policy: The Role of Culture in Thailand’s Development Agenda

Identity and Cultural Policy: The Role of Culture in Thailand’s Development Agenda

Stories of Peranakan Culture in Thailand's Andaman Cluster Provinces

This is a study of how the stories of Peranakan culture in Thailand's Andaman cluster provinces are told. Utilising Berlo’s communication model as the primary research framework, this research elaborates on how the Peranakan culture’s stories are told and how these stories help define the Thai Peranakan cultural identity. The findings indicated that there is a lack of storytellers in the new Peranakan culture to continue and drive culture preservation (sender), stories presented did not contain subject matter that points to the real identity of Peranakan culture (message), the channels of storytelling are not continuous and diverse enough (channel) and the awareness of Peranakan culture is limited (receiver). The Peranakan cultural identity, meanwhile, was elaborated in two ways; the history of the Peranakans and the Peranakans' way of life. It was also discovered that the Andaman cluster province was not where the Peranakan’s culture was originally constructed. Instead it was brought to Andaman by Chinese who were trading, living or studying in Malacca or Penang at that time. These Peranakan’s cultural identity is an assimilation of Chinese, Malay, European, and Thai cultures, as evident in Peranakan food, clothes, architecture, and beliefs and traditions. Keywords: Peranakan, Baba, Andaman cluster, storytelling, cultural identity.

The Chinese Wuxia Culture in Thailand: Dissemination and Influence

ABSTRACT The spread of Chinese Wuxia culture in Thailand is mainly realized through the Thai translation of modern Chinese Wuxia novels and the screening of Chinese Wuxia film and TV series. Chinese Wuxia culture can be widely spread in Thailand and accepted and recognized by the Thai people, on the one hand, the cultural exchanges between China and Thailand have a long history and have similar cultural acceptance psychology; on the other hand, the ethical value advocated by Chinese Wuxia culture is in line with the Buddhist ethical values believed by the Thai people. After a long period of spreading in Thailand, the profound influence of Chinese Wuxia culture on Thai society is mainly manifested in the following two aspects: influencing the ethical and moral orientation of Thai society and promoting the emerging of Thai “Wuxia style” literary and native Thai Wuxia novels.

Epistemic Injustice as an Important Barrier to Establishing an Open Science Culture in Thailand

Epistemic Injustice as an Important Barrier to Establishing an Open Science Culture in Thailand

The servicescape of air transport terminal affecting passenger satisfaction

The air transport infrastructure in this study is the airport. The aim of this research is to assess the airport environment specific on services cape or the architecture design, and function which affecting the passenger’s satisfaction. This study conducted at Don Mueang International Airport (DMK), Thailand. Since DMK has been renovated and expanded to serve the demand of passenger. The questionnaires were distributed to 400 Thais passenger using DMK airport. The structural equation modelling (SEM) was utilized to confirm the factors affecting the user’s comfort and satisfaction. The result found that the factor most affecting passenger’s feeling comfortable which leads to satisfaction inside the terminal were the exhibition of arts and culture inside terminal, the cleanliness of terminal, the natural light shine into the terminal and last the cleanliness of toilets. Hence, the airport management team should considering present the arts and culture of Thailand in the terminal. This would help passenger relaxing by appreciating the arts and culture during their journey in and out Thailand.

Cultural Distance and Thailand's Foreign Direct Investment Attractiveness

Thailand tries to attract more foreign direct investment (FDI) because it is an important driver of economic growth. From previous studies, the effect of cultural distance on FDI attractiveness is ambiguous. This study constructs Thailand's FDI attractiveness index and analyse the effect of cultural distance on Thailand's FDI attractiveness. The results show that cultural distance between Thailand and its source country increases the FDI attractiveness of Thailand. This means that culture differences do not impede the FDI attractiveness of Thailand. To promote new inward FDI in Thailand, the government may educate potential investors about culture in Thailand.

Cultural distance and Thailand's foreign direct investment attractiveness

Thailand tries to attract more foreign direct investment (FDI) because it is an important driver of economic growth. From previous studies, the effect of cultural distance on FDI attractiveness is ambiguous. This study constructs Thailand's FDI attractiveness index and analyse the effect of cultural distance on Thailand's FDI attractiveness. The results show that cultural distance between Thailand and its source country increases the FDI attractiveness of Thailand. This means that culture differences do not impede the FDI attractiveness of Thailand. To promote new inward FDI in Thailand, the government may educate potential investors about culture in Thailand.

Embarking Model of a Key for Smart Buddhistic Tourism

The objective of this article is to Embarking Model of a Key for Smart Buddhistic Tourism. In order to gathering data, multiple research techniques and methods were employed including; quantitative and qualitative research, and focus group inputs from numerous experts and scholars in the field of Buddhistic Tourism. To correlate the data, the findings were divided into nine distinct categories; 1) integrated infrastructural development, 2) enhancing the holistic tourism experience, 3) modern marketing development to match tourists’ interests, 4) self-sustaining practices that reduce the negative impact on environment, culture, and ecosystem, 5) strengthening practical guidelines for Buddhistic Tourism promotion, 6) branding products of Buddhistic tourism, 7) developing new products in alignment with Buddhistic tenets, 8) designing diffusion innovation, 9) practicing Thai wisdom for “smart tourism” in concordance with Thai governmental policies and guidelines. The implications of the processed data reveal the importance of Buddhistic Tourism as a niche market of the total tourism economy. Rather than relying on appealing to a specific interest in order to attract tourists, Buddhistic Tourism is inclusive of much of the historical and current art and culture of Thailand.

The ‘souvenirization' and ‘touristification' of material culture in Thailand – mutual constructions of ‘otherness' in the tourism and souvenir industries

ABSTRACTThe aim of this paper is to deal with the effects of touristic imaginations of what is ‘typically’ Thai in terms of the local handicraft production and the souvenir business and its development since the 1960s by using the concept of the so-called mutual gaze as a theoretical frame. In this context, it has to be asked on the producers’ side how touristic conceptions of Thai material culture influence how and what kinds of objects are produced; it also raises the question whether producing and selling souvenirs constitutes a significant and supplementary income for people in peripheral regions with few other economic alternatives. On the consumers’ side the question arises, what attributes tourists actually imagine of being ‘typical’ for Thai material culture. In order to answer these questions, the types and form of production of items sold in contemporary touristic hotspots in the provinces of Chiang Mai and Mae Hong Son, Northern Thailand, are analyzed. The findings presented in the present paper are derived from a series of qualitative interviews with producers of souvenirs in handicraft villages and from standardized, questionnaire based interviews with Western tourists in the Chiang Mai Night Bazaar area conducted in 2015 and 2016.

Strategic Alliances or What Alternative? The Bia Kud Chum and Community Culture in Thailand

The article gives a basic insight into the different currents that are part of an alternative development paradigm in Thailand. While a global trend of alternatives as reflected in the post-development critique gained momentum in the 1990s, its agents in Thailand have a much longer history. Taking up the critique of post-development approaches as remaining at a discursive level, rather than actually effecting progressive material social change, this article traces the strategic alliances, junctures and disjunctures among alternative development proponents in the north-eastern province of Yasothon. Only a couple of months after the historic financial crisis hit Thailand, and just after the ‘Sufficiency Economy Philosophy’ – an alternative development paradigm framed by the King – was roughly outlined in December 1997, a small rural community of five villages in the north-eastern district of Kud Chum, with a history of political dissent, started to implement a community currency network. This article suggests that the reactions and dynamics, which the implementation triggered, as well as preceding and subsequent processes of co-optation and collaboration, are very telling in terms of the overall workings of Sufficiency Economy as a political programme. The events tell a story of top-down co-optation, bottom-up strategic alliances, as well as a plethora of other interests and aims on the ground.

Colours Convey Lanna Identity in Lamphun and Chiang Mai Area

Colour control is a specific tool to identify local environment. Especially in the historic area or conservation area, to promote colour control is very necessary. Therefore, there are many standards of colour to control such as Munsell, colour name, and L*a*b*. This research is aimed to analyze the appropriate colour control by using a Munsell standard colour which is suitable to visual perception. The study area is scoped in northern region of Lanna culture in Thailand which nowadays used names of colours to control. Chiang Mai and Lamphun are selected to be case study because they are in a center of Lanna Empire of Thailand and have many historic significant things such as city wall, temple, monastery, palace, and city moat. The mainly procedure conducts in this article is based on the analysis of material colour. The study chose local natural materials which are used in the historic significant things. Earthen clay tile, wooden roof tile, burnt clay brick, laterites, hard wood, bamboo, silver, and gold are evaluated. The procedure used the DIC application of android processor on smart phone. This application has a conversion data to switch a colour value from pick-up point in photo to many colour values such as RGB, CMYK which Munsell value is included. The photos were taken within the historic area of Chiang Mai and Lamphun by random. The result can scope a range of colours of Munsell standard of natural colour (N), red (R), yellow (Y), and yellow-red (YR). A natural colour (N) can be suggested a range 1.0-9.0 (N 1.0-9.0). Red can be ranged the value between 3.0-7.0 and chroma between 3.0-9.0 (R 3.0-7.0/3.0-9.0). Yellow can be ranged the value between 6.0-9.0 and chroma between 4.0-12.0 (Y 6.0-9.0/4.0-12.0). Yellow-red can be ranged the value between 2.0-8.0 and chroma between 2.0-11.0 (YR 2.0-8.0/2.0-11.0). The results can be revealed a process of colour analysis of historic colour control and may offer to be an ordinance in further.

Genetic variation of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone 1931) culture of Thailand

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is highly pathogenic to penaeid shrimp and has caused significant economic losses in the shrimp farming industry in Thailand. Genotyping analysis was done in 124 WSSV isolates from cultured Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. These samples were obtained during 2007–2014 from eight provinces in Thailand. We investigated five variable loci in the virus genome: deletions in two variable regions, VR14/15 and VR23/24, and three variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) located in open reading frame (ORF) 75, 125 and 94. WSSV genotype was characterized as (X14/15, X23/24) (N75-N125-N94) where X is the number of base pair deletion in the variable region and N is the number of repeat units (RUs) in a specific ORF. The deletion pattern in VR14/15 and VR23/24 regions characterized three WSSV genotypes. The most prevalent genotype was (595014/15, 1097123/24), and it was found in all studied areas. At least 33 genotypes of WSSV were analysed based on 3 VNTR loci, indicating that the VNTRs of WSSV genome are highly variable. From 124 WSSV samples, two samples presented the characteristic of all five variable loci similar to WSSV collected during 2010 in Saudi Arabia (595014/15, 1097123/24) (375-6125-794). Many different WSSV genotypes shown in this study as compared to previously reported genotypes in Thailand suggests current status of disease epidemiology, as well as probable movements of WSSV between countries.

Combining the Technology Acceptance Model and Uses and Gratifications Theory to examine the usage behavior of an Augmented Reality Tour-sharing Application

An intelligent tour service system including an augmented reality (AR) tour-sharing Application (APP) and a query-answering server was developed in this study to promote tourist attractions involving local Hakka culture in Thailand. Subsequently, use of this APP to navigate Hakka culture tourist attractions in Thailand was observed. The novel random neural networks (RNNs) were proposed to obtain query-answering services, and the practical experimental results showed that the accuracy of RNNs was 99.51%. This study also integrated the Technology Acceptance Model with Uses and Gratifications Theory to predict the gratification, usage intention, and user attitudes toward marketed attractions of the AR tour-sharing APP. A questionnaire survey was conducted, and 446 valid questionnaires were returned. The following results were obtained: (a) self-presentation and perceived usefulness (PU) directly influenced gratification; (b) perceived entertainment indirectly influenced gratification through perceived ease of use and PU, and information sharing indirectly influenced gratification through PU; and (c) gratification was significantly and positively related to usage intention and attitude toward attractions. Based on these results, suggestions that new technology marketing can be used to promote causes other than Hakka tourist attractions established in Thailand can be contrived. For example, the tour-sharing APP developed in this study could be applied to emphasize the characteristics of Thai Hakka culture; users’ fondness for self-presentation and information sharing can be used for word-of-mouth marketing to attract additional visitors. In addition, this research provides a reference for enterprises and marketers regarding the use of AR tour-sharing APPs to market tourist attractions, and also for future related studies.