Culture Fair Intelligence Test Research Articles

Long-Term Outcome of Infantile Onset Pompe Disease Patients Treated with Enzyme Replacement Therapy - Data from a German-Austrian Cohort.

Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with recombinant human alglucosidase alfa (rhGAA) was approved in Europe in 2006. Nevertheless, data on the long-term outcome of infantile onset Pompe disease (IOPD) patients at school age is still limited. We analyzed in detail cardiac, respiratory, motor, and cognitive function of 15 German-speaking patients aged 7 and older who started ERT at a median age of 5 months. Starting dose was 20 mg/kg biweekly in 12 patients, 20 mg/kg weekly in 2, and 40 mg/kg weekly in one patient. CRIM-status was positive in 13 patients (86.7%) and negative or unknown in one patient each (6.7%). Three patients (20%) received immunomodulation. Median age at last assessment was 9.1 (7.0-19.5) years. At last follow-up 1 patient (6.7%) had mild cardiac hypertrophy, 6 (42.9%) had cardiac arrhythmias, and 7 (46.7%) required assisted ventilation. Seven patients (46.7%) achieved the ability to walk independently and 5 (33.3%) were still ambulatory at last follow-up. Six patients (40%) were able to sit without support, while the remaining 4 (26.7%) were tetraplegic. Eleven patients underwent cognitive testing (Culture Fair Intelligence Test), while 4 were unable to meet the requirements for cognitive testing. Intelligence quotients (IQs) ranged from normal (IQ 117, 102, 96, 94) in 4 patients (36.4%) to mild developmental delay (IQ 81) in one patient (9.1%) to intellectual disability (IQ 69, 63, 61, 3x <55) in 6 patients (54.5%). White matter abnormalities were present in 10 out of 12 cerebral MRIs from 7 patients. Substantial motor, cardiac, respiratory, and cognitive deficits are frequent in IOPD long-term survivors who started ERT before 2016. The findings of this study can be valuable as comparative data when evaluating the impact of newer treatment strategies including higher enzyme dosage, immunomodulation, modified enzymes, or early start of treatment following newborn screening.

An analysis of intelligence in a 32-lingual man

The presented case study is a description of the specifics of functioning of a 69-year-old man who learned 31 foreign languages over a period of nine years. Previous research focused on personality traits, temperament and the level of development of executive functions in the context of learning multiple foreign languages. The purpose of the analysis was to determine the man’s level of cognitive functioning. The following three research tools were used in this project: Cattell Culture Fair Intelligence Test (CFT-20-R), the Word Comprehension Test in the Advanced Version (Test rozumienia słów, wersja dla zaawansowanych, TRS-Z), and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score (MoCA). The results obtained indicate a very high level of fluid and crystallised intelligence; however, the MoCA scores fell within the lower limit of normal, suggesting deficits in delayed verbal and auditory memory. Based on the data collected, it can be concluded that the man’s level of intelligence (fluid and crystallised) was the base for the development of his outstanding linguistic abilities. The issues related to the learning of verbal and non-verbal material remain unclear.

Measuring Fluid Reasoning and Its Cultural Issues: A Review in the Indonesian Context

Fluid reasoning (Gf) is a central component of human abilities and has been shown to be statistically indistinguishable from general cognitive ability. However, measuring fluid reasoning is not that easy since the operationalization of the construct itself is not conclusive. This situation is exacerbated if the measurements and comparisons are carried out in groups with different cultural and language abilities. The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief overview of the fluid reasoning construct as well as measurement practices that have been carried out in Indonesia. My review would mention the positioning of fluid reasoning in several intelligence theories, how researchers conceptualize fluid reasoning, how researchers measure fluid reasoning in a multicultural context, and outline critical future directions for test development. In conclusion, I emphasize the importance of using a multi-processes figural fluid reasoning test as a proxy for a culture fair intelligence test that can be used in cross-cultural assessments.

Psychometric Characteristics of the Culture Fair Intelligence Test Scale 2

This study aims to investigate the psychometric characteristics of the CFIT-scale-2, including investigation of difficulty level, discrimination, distractor effectiveness, DIF (Differential item functioning), IRT (Item Response Theory) 2PL model, validity, and reliability. Respondents were 507 students with 245 (48%) females and 262 (52%) males, with ages ranged from 8-13 years (M= 10.88; SD = 1.35). The classical test theory (CTT) analysis showed that the item difficulty level on the CFIT-scale-2 had varying item difficulty levels, from easy to difficult. However, the test arrangement was not structured according to the suggested difficulty level from easy to medium to difficult. The discrimination of items was poor because 28 items were not included in the very good category (p &gt; .40). In addition, 47 (25%) of the 184 distractors are ineffective. CFIT-scale-2 did not contain DIF (Adj.p &gt; .05), and IRT analysis showed that the CFIT-scale-2 was not structured according to the difficulty pattern from easy, medium, and difficult. The CFIT-scale-2 based on IRT analysis contained 44 items or 96% with good discrimination. The results of a construct validity test using the CFA technique showed a good fit model (p &lt; .001; RMSEA &lt; .08; SRMR &lt; .08), which was acceptable and supported the fit between the theoretical and empirical model. The reliability coefficient value of Cronbach's alpha was 0.88 (α &gt; .70), indicating that the CFIT-scale-2 had good reliability, but the construct reliability was below an acceptable value (CR &lt; .69). According to this study, the psychometric characteristics of the CFIT-scale-2 should be revised and reevaluated.

A study of social science achievement of secondary school students in relation to their intelligence

In this dynamic and evolving world, filled with astounding scientific discoveries and inventions on one hand and crumbling ethics, decaying morals and impaired democratic values on the other, teaching and learning of social science is inevitable at secondary level education. It develops the sense of responsibility, positive attitude, moral, social and democratic values in adolescents who are future of mankind in the world. To estimate the successful fulfilment of the objectives of teaching social science, investigating of the trends in the achievement of the students in the subject is much needed. Intelligence plays a key role in shaping the personality of students and their performance in academics. It is one of the proved factors contributing in the academic achievement of students. This study aimed to explore the achievement of male and female students of government schools in social science and its relationship with their intelligence. A sample of 337 students of IX class studying government schools of Gaya district (urban), Bihar was selected through random sampling methods. The data was collected using Culture Fair Intelligence Test (scale 2, form A) prepared by Cattell and Cattell and Social Science Achievement Test prepared and standardised by the researcher. Finding of the study include that there exists a positive and significant relationship between social science achievement and intelligence of government school students irrespective of their gender. A significant difference between male and female students was detected with regard to their intelligence and social science achievement.

Effect of Working Memory Training on Fluid Intelligence

This true experimental research anchored on the Cattell-Horn-Caroll (CHC) theory utilized Randomized Two-Groups Design to examine the effect of working memory training on the fluid intelligence of high school students. Thirty-five students from a selected public high school in Negros Occidental were randomly selected and assigned using multi-stage sampling. In measuring the fluid intelligence, the Culture Fair Intelligence Test was administered as pretest instrument in establishing baseline data. Once baseline data have been established, the experimental group commenced with a working memory training called n-back task for four weeks with three sessions per week. After the intervention, both groups were retested using the same test, the CFIT. Data collected were collated and analyzed. A paired t-test on the experimental group revealed a significant gain between pretest and posttest results of the participants. Meanwhile, a paired t-test on the control group comparing their scores in the pretest and posttest do not yield a significant difference indicating a gain in fluid intelligence among the participants in the experimental group is brought about by the working memory training. In addition, considering the posttest results of the experimental and control group using an independent sample t-test a statistically significant difference in the scores can be found. Moreover, a relatively high effect size suggests an overall high effect of the intervention on the fluid intelligence of the participants. Finally, profile variables such as sex, academic performance and household monthly income are not considered to be predictors of gains in working memory training.

A lifestyle score in childhood and adolescence was positively associated with subsequently measured fluid intelligence in the DONALD cohort study

PurposeLifestyle scores which combine single factors such as diet, activity, or sleep duration showed associations with cognitive decline in adults. However, the role of a favourable lifestyle in younger age and the build-up of cognitive reserve is less clear, which is why we investigated longitudinal associations between a lifestyle score in childhood and adolescence and fluid intelligence obtained on average 6 years later.MethodsIn the DONALD cohort, a lifestyle score of 0 to 4 points including healthy diet and duration of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep was repeatedly assessed in participants aged 5 and 19 years. Data on fluid intelligence were assessed via a German version of the culture fair intelligence test (CFT), using CFT 1-R in children 8.5 years of age or younger (n = 62) or CFT 20-R in participants older than 8.5 years (n = 192). Multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate prospective associations between the lifestyle score and the fluid intelligence score.ResultsMean lifestyle score of all participants was 2.2 (0.7–4) points. A one-point increase in the lifestyle score was associated with a higher fluid intelligence score (4.8 points [0.3–7.3], p = 0.0343) for participants completing the CFT 20-R. Furthermore, each additional hour of sedentary behaviour was associated with a lower fluid intelligence score (− 3.0 points [− 5.7 to − 0.3], p = 0.0313). For younger participants (CFT 1-R), no association was found in any analysis (p > 0.05).ConclusionA healthy lifestyle was positively associated with fluid intelligence, whereby sedentary behaviour itself seemed to play a prominent role.

Influence of current physical exercise on the relationship between aging and episodic memory and fluid intelligence

The present study examined the effects of current physical exercise and age on episodic memory and fluid intelligence, assessed with a free-recall task and the Culture Fair Intelligence Test (Cattell, 1963) respectively, while statistically controlling for other cognitive reserve factors (educational level, leisure activities, and vocabulary level). Two hundred and eight participants aged 20 to 85 participated in the study. Physical exercise level was indexed by weekly frequency over the last 12 months using self-reported measurement (from none to 4 times a week). Overall, results show a beneficial effect of physical exercise especially from a weekly practice of 2 times, and significant interaction between physical exercise and age on episodic memory and fluid intelligence capacities indicating a reduced effect of age in more physically active participants. These results reinforce the view that physical exercise is a strong and specific reserve factor that reduces decline in some cognitive functions during aging.

Психолого-педагогическое исследование особенностей сформированности критического мышления у девиантных подростков (на примере школьников России и Индонезии)

The article presents a comparative analysis of the study of the critical thinking skills among the deviant adolescents from Russia and Indonesia. The authors offer the analysis of ideas on the concept of «critical thinking», its features, compare the academic points of view on its origin and aspects in domestic and foreign psychology.&#x0D; The study involved 80 teenagers, 40 from each country. According to the expert assessment made by teachers, the samples were categorized as an asocial type of deviant behavior group according to E.V. Zmanovskaya. The following methods were used: Test of Everyday Reasoning (TER), the Dembo-Rubinstein self-assessment test, Kettell Culture Fair Intelligence test. The found differences between the groups have been analyzed in the context of cultural and historical factors, features of the construction of educational programs, psychological aspects of the personality of children.&#x0D; The study showed that there is a significant relationship between the degree of self-esteem of Russian and Indonesian students and indicators of critical thinking and IQ. In our opinion, the leading factor in the development of critical thinking is a properly structured task taxonomy, created in the learning process, as well as a specially organized learning process, mainly including interactive forms of work.

A prospective investigation into the association between the gut microbiome composition and cognitive performance among healthy young adults

BackgroundThere is emerging evidence that the gut microbiome composition is associated with several human health outcomes, which include cognitive performance. However, only a few prospective epidemiological studies exist and none among young adults. Here we address the gap in the literature by investigating whether the gut microbiome composition is prospectively linked to fluid intelligence among healthy young adults.MethodsForty individuals (65% females, 26 years) from the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study provided a fecal sample for gut microbiome composition and subsequently (average of 166 days) completed a cognitive functioning test using the Cattell’s Culture Fair Intelligence Test, revised German version (CFT 20-R). The assessment of the gut microbiome at the genera level was by 16S rRNA V3-V4 Illumina sequencing. The relative abundance of 158 genera was summarized into bacterial communities using a novel data-driven dimension reduction, amalgamation. The fluid intelligence score was regressed on the relative abundance of the bacterial communities and adjusted for selected covariates.ResultsThe 158 genera were amalgamated into 12 amalgams (bacterial communities), which were composed of 18, 6, 10, 14, 8, 10, 16, 13, 12, 12, 3, and 11 genera. Only the 14-genera bacterial community, named the “Ruminococcaceae- and Coriobacteriaceae-dominant community” was positively associated with fluid intelligence score (β = 7.8; 95% CI: 0.62, 15.65, P = 0.04).ConclusionAmong healthy young adults, the abundance of a gut bacterial community was associated with fluid intelligence score. This study suggests that cognitive performance may potentially benefit from gut microbiome-based intervention.

Evaluation of an Online Version of the CFT 20-R in Third and Fourth Grade Children.

There is growing demand for digital intelligence testing. In the current study, we evaluated the validity of an online version of the revised German Culture Fair Intelligence Test (CFT 20-R). A total of 4100 children from the third and fourth grades completed the online version using a smartphone or tablet. Subsequently, 220 of these children also completed the paper-pencil (PP) version. The internal consistency and construct validity of the online version appeared to be acceptable. The correlation between the raw scores and school grades in German and mathematics was slightly lower than expected. On average, the raw scores for the PP version were revealed to be higher, which was probably due to a learning effect. At the item level, the results show small differences for the subtests Series and Matrices, possibly caused by small differences in the presentation of the items. The correspondence between the versions did not depend on children’s levels of impulsivity or intelligence. Altogether, the results support the hypothesis that the online version of the CFT 20-R is a valid measure of general fluid intelligence and highlight the need for separate norms.

Gender Differences in Self-Estimated Intelligence: Exploring the Male Hubris, Female Humility Problem.

Despite evidence from cognitive psychology that men and women are equal in measured intelligence, gender differences in self-estimated intelligence (SEI) are widely reported with males providing systematically higher estimates than females. This has been termed the male hubris, female humility effect. The present study explored personality factors that might explain this. Participants (N = 228; 103 male, 125 female) provided self-estimates of their general IQ and for Gardner’s multiple intelligences, before completing the Cattell Culture Fair IQ test as an objective measure of intelligence. They also completed the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) as a measure of sex-role identification, and measures of general and academic self-esteem. Both gender and sex-role differences were observed for SEI, with males and participants of both genders who scored high in masculinity offering higher self-estimates. By comparing estimated and observed IQ, we were able to rule out gender differences in overall accuracy but observed a pattern of systematic underestimation in females. An hierarchical multiple regression showed significant independent effects of gender, masculinity, and self-esteem. Mixed evidence was observed for gender differences in the estimation of multiple intelligences, though moderately sized sex-role differences were observed. The results offer a far more nuanced explanation for the male hubris, female humility effect that includes the contribution of sex role identification to individual and group differences.

Психологическая технология повышения стрессоустойчивости у представителей экстремальных профессий

Employees of an extreme profile are influenced by various negative professional factors. Such factors deform the individual’s stress coping mechanisms, which causes psychological phenomena which are peculiar to specific extreme influences. Psychological technologies make it possible to increase stress resistance among representatives of extreme professions through developing the necessary skills, stabilizing the emotional state, and preventing the formation of undesirable stress-related consequences. This study is focused on developing psychological technologies aimed at increasing stress resistance having regard to the specifics of extreme work. The test subjects included the representatives of the highest-ranking military officers of the Armed Forces of Russia. The study included the ascertaining, forming and control stages of experiment. The ascertaining stage involved a psychological examination of participants who were either related or not related to the extreme profile. The following methods were used: PSM-25 Psychological Stress Measure by L. Lemur, R. Tessier and L. Fillion; Strategic Approach to Coping Scale (SACS) by S. E. Hobfoll; Questionnaire “Prognosis-2” by V. Yu. Rybnikov; Self-Assessment Scale by C. D. Spielberger, as adapted by Yu. L. Khanin; Diagnostics of Socio-Psychological Adaptation by K. R. Rogers and R. E. Diamond; The Culture Fair Intelligence Test (CFIT) by R. Cattell; and the questionnaires “Symptoms of Stress” and “Ways to Relieve Stress” by S. M. Shingaev. During the formative stage, a program of psychological assistance to specialists of extreme professions was created and implemented, including training elements and psychological counselling. The control stage involved a repeated psychological examination of all participants. The study involved 570 people. It was revealed and proven that intelligence, emotional stability, social adaptability and effective ways of coping with stress are potential resources that allow increasing stress resistance of extreme specialists. The psychological program based on these results has shown its effectiveness in terms of all parameters except intellectual characteristics.

Deep Learning on EEG Study Concentration in Pendemic

Brainwaves are one of the biometric properties that can be used to identify individuals based on their physical and behavioural characteristics. An electroencephalogram (EEG) can be used to measure and capture brain wave activity. The activities required are in the form of giving complex tasks to get thinking and concentration processes called Cognitive Tests, in the form of a Culture Fair Intelligence Test (CFIT) stimulus and Competency Test (UK). This study aims to obtain a pattern of the relationship between concentration and learning outcomes for late adolescent students during the pandemic. The object of research involved in this research is the 10th grade students of TKJ SMK. Data acquisition was carried out twice on the Beta signal by doing cognitive test questions which were done twice at school and at home. Then the data obtained from the test results will be extracted using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Furthermore, after the data extraction results are obtained, the classification process will be carried out using the CNN algorithm. The results of the FFT obtained the average value of the signal peak. The results of the CNN classification show that the pandemic does not affect student concentration. The average signal concentration in schools when testing using CFIT is 0.2445 and at the time of testing using UK Mathematics is 0.1330 with an average CFIT score of 77.05 and for UK average is 53.33 with an accuracy value of 83.33 %. While the average signal concentration at home when testing using CFIT is 0.2252 and at the time of testing using UK Mathematics is 0.1301 with an average CFIT score of 77.13 and for UK average is 57.50 with an accuracy value of 83, 33%.

Auditory event-related potentials, neurocognition, and global functioning in drug naïve first-episode schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Deficits in event-related potential (ERP) including duration mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a have been demonstrated widely in chronic schizophrenia (SZ) but inconsistent findings were reported in first-episode patients. Psychotropic medications and diagnosis might contribute to different findings on MMN/P3a ERP in first-episode patients. The present study examined MMN and P3a in first episode drug naïve SZ and bipolar disorder (BPD) patients and explored the relationships among ERPs, neurocognition and global functioning. Twenty SZ, 24 BPD and 49 age and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Data of clinical symptoms [Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), Young Manic Rating Scale (YMRS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD)], neurocognition [Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), Cattell's Culture Fair Intelligence Test (CCFT), Delay Matching to Sample (DMS), Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVP)], and functioning [Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST)] were collected. P3a and MMN were elicited using a passive auditory oddball paradigm. Significant MMN and P3a deficits and impaired neurocognition were found in both SZ and BPD patients. In SZ, MMN was significantly correlated with FAST (r = 0.48) and CCFT (r = -0.31). In BPD, MMN was significantly correlated with DMS (r = -0.54). For P3a, RVP and FAST scores were significant predictors in SZ, whereas RVP, WAIS and FAST were significant predictors in BPD. The present study found deficits in MMN, P3a, neurocognition in drug naïve SZ and BPD patients. These deficits appeared to link with levels of higher-order cognition and functioning.

T\xfcEyeQ, a rich IQ test performance data set with eye movement, educational and socio-demographic information

We present the TüEyeQ data set - to the best of our knowledge - the most comprehensive data set generated on a culture fair intelligence test (CFT 20-R), i.e., an IQ Test, consisting of 56 single tasks, taken by 315 individuals aged between 18 and 30 years. In addition to socio-demographic and educational information, the data set also includes the eye movements of the individuals while taking the IQ test. Along with distributional information we also highlight the potential for predictive analysis on the TüEyeQ data set and report the most important covariates for predicting the performance of a participant on a given task along with their influence on the prediction.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA INTELIGENSI, KETERAMPILAN PERSEPSI VISUAL DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA [CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENTS' INTELLIGENCE, VISUAL PERCEPTION SKILLS, AND MATHEMATICS LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT

Students’ mathematics achievement is the priority for the XYZ elementary school, but particularly in 2015 and 2016 school’s years, there was about 39% student who had poor mathematics achievement and didn’t pass the school’s minimum requirement. In most cases, student’s mathematics achievement is generally affected by two internal factors such as: student’s intelligence and visual perceptual skills. The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between intelligence, visual perceptual skills and the students’ mathematics achievement. The subject of this study were grade two and grade three students with the total sample of 43 pupils. This study employed the Test of Visual Perceptual Skills-third edition (TVPS-3) and the Culture-Fair Intelligence Test (CFIT). The results of this study showed that there was a positive and significant correlation between intelligence, visual perceptual skills and mathematics achievement. A correlation value of 0.664 was obtained for the relationship between intelligence and mathematics achievement. A correlation value of 0.723 was obtained for the relationship between visual perceptual skills and mathematics achievement and a correlation value of 0.903 was obtained for the relationship between intelligence and visual perceptual skills. These findings indicate that the higher the level of the student’s intelligence and visual perceptual skill, the higher their mathematics achievement too.

English

BACKGROUND Students from various medical and paramedical disciplines require above average intelligence to understand all the medical subjects and concepts as it deals with human body and human life. Students of nursing discipline have huge responsibility of learning cognitive, affective domain and psychomotor skills simultaneously. It is also observed that impulse control (patience) is absolute virtue of health professional courses including nursing profession. Impulsivity always causes undesirable consequences. Nursing professional students are expected to possess good impulse control. We wanted to assess the level of intelligence, level of impulse control and relationship between intelligence and impulse control among new entrants studying nursing profession. METHODS In this descriptive study, a sample size of 100, 50 males and 50 females, first year students of B.Sc. nursing discipline were selected purposively from Nagpur and Wardha districts of Maharashtra, India. All the participants completed scales pertaining to impulse control and intelligence using impulse control scale developed by Shrivastava and Naydoo and Culture fair intelligence test by Cattle. RESULTS It shows that nursing boys significantly had more scores for intelligence (x̄ = 88.66) and for impulse control (x̄ = 206.62) than nursing girls (x̄ = 88.10), (x̄ = 196.80) respectively. There exists a statistically non-significant positive relationship between intelligence and impulse control for overall population (r = 0.153, P &lt; 0.05). The findings suggest that higher the intelligence, greater is the impulse control among new entrants of nursing discipline. CONCLUSIONS Male students show more intelligence and had more impulse control as compared to nursing girls and also show greater magnitude of positive correlation as compared to their female counterparts. KEY WORDS Intelligence, Impulse Control, Relationship

Zinc Intake, Zinc Serum Levels, and Intelligence in School Children in Rural Areas

BACKGROUND: Children in rural areas are susceptible to zinc deficiency. Zinc deficiency in children can affect cognitive function in children. Zinc plays a role in cellular function and critical brain growth processes, including cell replication, DNA and RNA synthesis, and the release of neurotransmitters. AIM: This study aimed to analyze the condition of zinc deficiency and its relationship with the level of intelligence in children in rural areas. METHODS: The study design was cross-sectional, with a sample of 44 elementary school children aged 9–12 years taken randomly. Blood was drawn to measure serum Zn-levels, and serum Zn-levels were measured using Colorimetric Assay Kit (E-BC-K137). Zinc intake data were obtained from the food recall form, which was carried out 3 × 24 h. The level of intelligence is measured by the Culture Fair Intelligence Test method. The sample characteristics data obtained through a questionnaire. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. RESULTS: About 84.2% of children with insufficient zinc intake had low serum Zn-levels. There was a significant relationship between zinc intake and serum zinc levels (p = 0.026; PR = 4.293). Children with low serum zinc levels of 96.5% have intelligence levels below average. There was a significant relationship between serum zinc levels and intelligence level as well (p = 0.001; PR = 24,500). CONCLUSION: Zinc deficiency in children is characterized by low serum Zn-levels. Low serum Zn-level is caused by low zinc intake, thus children with low serum Zn-levels are at risk of having intelligence level below average. Therefore, health education about the importance of zinc intake in children should be given to parents, so that the incidence of zinc deficiency in children can be reduced.

The Roles of Fluid Intelligence and Emotional Intelligence in Affective Decision-Making During the Transition to Early Adolescence.

The current study mainly explored the influence of fluid intelligence (IQ) and emotional intelligence (EI) on affective decision-making from a developmental perspective, specifically, during the transition from childhood into early adolescence. Meanwhile, their age-related differences in affective decision-making were explored. A total of 198 participants aged 8–12 completed the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), the Cattell’s Culture Fair Intelligence Test and the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Child Form. Based on the net scores of IGT, the development of affective decision-making ability did not increase monotonically with age, and there was a developmental trend of an impaired IGT performance in early adolescence (aged 11–12), especially in the early learning phase (first 40 trials) of the IGT. More importantly, IQ and EI played different roles for children and early adolescents: IQ and EI jointly predicted the IGT performance for 8–10 years old children, whereas only EI contributed to the IGT performance of 11–12 years old early adolescents. The present study extends the evidence how cognitive processing and emotional processing interact in affective decision-making from the developmental perspective. Furthermore, it provides insights of future research and intervention with early adolescents’ poor affective decision-making.