Cultural Subsystem Research Articles

On the construction of translation cultures*

Abstract The paper by Erich Prunč introduces and develops the concept of translationskultur, a concept that captures cultural and social aspects of translation. Expanding beyond the narrow traditional views of equivalence and text oriented approaches that were dominant in translation studies when Prunč developed the concept, Prunč presents translation as a critical practice not only in mediating between languages but also as an essential act of transcultural communication. The concept of translationskultur is theorized as a self-referential, self-regulating subsystem of culture, characterized by a set of socially established norms and behaviors shared by individuals involved in translation. Prunč emphasizes the complexity of translation cultures, which arise from the delicate compromises among all stakeholders engaged in or affected by the translation process, including translators, authors, and recipients. Translation cultures are shaped by power dynamics within the field, and factors like societal status and resource allocation contribute to the establishment of hierarchies relevant for translation practices. By introducing this concept, Prunč moreover aims to encourage a conscientious reflection on the roles and responsibilities of translators and interpreters, their loyalties towards themselves, and advocates for more confident and self-critical agents acting towards ideals of a prototypical democratic translation culture. The paper concludes with the vision of translators and interpreters who are aware of their significant role in shaping discourses and who exercise their power with a sense of professional pride and ethical diligence.

Evaluating coupling coordination between urban smart performance and low-carbon level in China’s pilot cities with mixed methods

The construction models of smart cities and low-carbon cities are crucial for advancing global urbanization, enhancing urban governance, and addressing major urban challenges. Despite significant advancements in smart and low-carbon city research, a consensus on their coupling coordination remains elusive. This study employs mixed-method research, combining qualitative and quantitative analyses, to investigate the coupling coordination between urban smart performance (SCP) and low-carbon level (LCL) across 52 typical smart and low-carbon pilot cities in China. Independent evaluation models for SCP and LCL qualitatively assess the current state of smart and low-carbon city construction. Additionally, an Entropy–TOPSIS–Pearson correlation–Coupling coordination degree (ETPC) analysis model quantitatively examines their relationship. The results reveal that smart city initiatives in China significantly outperform low-carbon city development, with notable disparities in SCP and LCL between eastern, non-resource-based, and central cities versus western, resource-dependent, and peripheral cities. A strong positive correlation exists between urban SCP and overall LCL, with significant correlations in management, society, and economy, and moderate to weak correlations in environmental quality and culture. As SCP levels improve, the coupling coordination degree between the urban SCP and LCL systems also increases, driven primarily by economic, management, and societal factors. Conversely, the subsystems of low-carbon culture and environmental quality show poorer integration. Based on these findings, this study proposes an evaluation system for smart and low-carbon coupling coordination development, outlining pathways for future development from the perspective of urban complex systems.

INTERDEPENDENCE OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL CHANGES: RISCOGENIC POTENTIAL

The article considers the risk-generating potential of changes occurring in the subsystems of modern social systems in their interaction with the natural and spiritual environment. The systemic representation of the structure of social systems developed by T. Parsons is used. The risks associated with global processes that conflict with the established approaches to the organization of material production and reproduction of cultural samples are shown. An analysis of the risks associated with the discrepancy between the interests of the groups of the social subsystem formed in the process of functioning of the economic subsystem and the cultural subsystem is given. The functions of the political subsystem to reduce the severity of these risks are revealed, as well as the risks arising in connection with the ineffective performance of these functions by the political system. Conclusions are formulated based on the analysis of modern political processes in Russia and the West. It is shown that there are objective and subjective factors reducing the effectiveness of the performance of the main functions by the subsystems of society, giving rise to significant risks of its destabilization.

A Polysystem Perspective in C-E Translation for Global Communication

While polysystem theory is widely applied to literary translation research,there is a lack of observation on C-E translation for global communication(C-E TGC) from the perspective of polysystem. On one hand, the cultural attributes of polysystem theory make it applicable to the analysis of all cultural phenomena. C-E TGC, a translating activity aiming at cultural communication, is no exception. On the other hand, the polysystem theory is particularly suitable to be adopted in the study of C-E TGC, for the translation subsystem, with its task of constructing discourse system and national image, inevitably overlaps and conflicts with other cultural sub-systems. Only when placing it under a multidimensional and dynamic framework can we see clearly the features of C-E TGC. However, the simplistic and abstract tendency of the polysystem theory also implies that it needs to be further refined and expanded in the study of specific issues, especially in the study of C-E TGC, which should incorporate the source language cultural system into the study.

The role of professional culture in the formation of future pedagogues of vocational education

The analysis of scientific works proved that, in general, the concept of “culture”, as a terminological unit, acquires various “specialist” or so-called “professional” colours in various fields of scientific research. It was revealed that the concept of “professional culture” is understudied in the system of training future teachers of professional education. The aim of the study was to determine the essence of the professional culture of future pedagogues of vocational training based on the specifics of the professional activity of a specialist in the field of “Vocational Education (Design)”. The author’s understanding of the essence of the professional culture of future pedagogues of professional training in the field of design is formulated, based on the general understanding of the concept of “professional culture” in the following interpretation: it is a specific subsystem of general culture, a systemic and holistic unity of cultural and social experience regarding the ways and means of interaction between generations, socio-cultural and value traditions professional activity and personal achievements of mankind. The professional culture of future pedagogues of professional training in the field of design is interpreted as follows: it is a specific type of professional and pedagogical culture, a universal (basic) characteristic of pedagogical reality, which reflects (decodes) specific markers of pedagogical activity and functions in the plane of both pedagogical (educational, didactic, developmental) and purely professional (design, construction, project, technological) self-realization of the teacher as a specialist and subject of professional activity.

Осмысление православной культуры посредством системного подхода

The article reveals the semantic ideas of Orthodox culture, discovered by considering it as an independent sys-tem. Orthodox culture in the general system of Russian culture can be considered as a special subsystem with its own laws of existence. In turn, this subsystem “from the inside” appears as a dynamic system. In it, the phe-nomena of Orthodoxy turn out to be structural elements (components) interconnected in a certain way. The ide-ological foundations of the Orthodox faith are revealed, diversely reflected by elements from the subsystems of Orthodoxy – spiritual (priority), material, artistic. Using the example of some phenomena of Orthodoxy, it is sub-stantiated that the main source of semantic content for the material and artistic subsystems of Orthodox culture are the structural components of the spiritual subsystem – these are “Holy Tradition” and “Holy Scripture”. In order to achieve a holistic understanding of the phenomena of Orthodox culture, in their philosophical under-standing, it is proposed to establish a semantic connection between all components of the unified cultural sys-tem of Orthodoxy.

New Education Policy 2020: Design and Challenges of Implementation

A new National Education Policy has been launched which will bring radical changes in the education sector. It is more promising and flexible in formulating educational policy by targeting the shortcomings of earlier policies. Education is a subject in the joint list of both the center and the state, in which there will be no board exams for 10th and 12th, the focus is on basic education by dividing it into pre-primary, secondary, higher secondary and higher education. Primary education will be imparted in the mother tongue only arts. Various cultural sub-systems have been given independent status. The topic of student dropout has been taken seriously by suggesting the creation of integrated B.Ed. courses to create more quality education and teachers. According to the new educational policy, the gap between the universities and the college will be reduced. Until now, education was completely based on Western philosophy, instead of Indian language literature, Sanskrit literature poetry, Novels, science, plays, books like Ramayana, Mahabharata, including advanced philosophy like Vedas, Upanishad Gita, etc., Sanskrit is the former of India. It seems to be hoped that a more effective and efficient education can be provided through the use of various effective tools such as language of knowledge, pre-Ayurvedic medical practices, yoga, business guidance, education, assurance, financing, practice labs, etc.

Dance Arrangement Through Child Psycology

Art, especially dance as an expression of beauty is one of the universal human needs. It does not only belong to the rich and the all-sufficient, but also belong to everyone. When compared with the economy, art can be considered a luxury and is often seen as secondary need. However, in fact art can be found in every layer of society, human beings, whenever and wherever they live. Culture is always attached to human life, both individually and with the surrounding community. The art problem approach should be understood. It is impossible for people to talk about art without paying attention to the messages contained symbolically, in addition to the artistic activities themselves being the embodiment of the functions of certain cultural subsystems. As a dance teacher, the job is not only to provide dance material, but also to take responsibility for students’ behavior which has an impact on the development of learning in class and their psychological. There are a number of things that must be considered, including: the dance teacher must understand the purpose, content, function; the dance teacher must take into account the weight of the material to be taught; the dance teacher must take into account the psychological influence of children. Realizing all of these things, demands are not only on students to be able to understand teaching material but more than that.

Contradictions of digital higher education in the information culture of modern society

Introduction. Digital education today is a new phenomenon for many countries of the world. In its most general form, it represents the next stage of informatization of education, but it has its own specific features. The author continues a number of previous studies on the problems of informatization of education, information socialization of personality, formation of information culture. Scientists are actively studying the problems associated with the digitalization of higher education. The range of these problems is quite wide and each of them arises on the basis of various contradictions that are studied in different areas of scientific knowledge: sociology, economics, pedagogy, philosophy, cultural studies, etc. To see the possible negative consequences of the transition to digital education and take measures to level them, it is necessary to identify and systematize these contradictions and problems. This will make it possible to develop programs and proposals to improve the quality and effectiveness of digital higher education based on an integrated system approach. The aim of the study is to analyze and systematize the main contradictions and problems of digital higher education in Russia. Materials and Methods. The methodology and methods of the study were the methods of analytical review of domestic and foreign literature on the development of digital education. Further, on the basis of methods of analysis, comparison, generalization and principles of dialectics, a systematization of the main contradictions and problems that arise in the system of modern higher education in Russia in the process of its digitalization was carried out. Results. The study showed that the main contradictions and related problems of digital higher education can be divided into three groups: within pedagogical activity between traditional and digital forms of education, training and upbringing; between digital and traditional forms of elements of education (subject, object, means, environment, conditions, goals, result); between elements of the main subsystems of culture (information, praxiological and axiological), the formation of which is the main goal of pedagogical activity. Discussion and Conclusions. The study can be used to build models of digital educational activities that enable you to learn new principles of the relationship of digital education, training, and education in a digital information culture of a modern society, a new status and role of subjects of pedagogical activity, a new paradigm of pedagogical interaction, given a system of contradictions between traditional and digital mechanisms of socialization.

Pseudo-events: Tracking mediatization with machine learning over 40 years

Using automated content analysis, this research explores the phenomenon of pseudo-events coverage in The New York Times (N = 70,370 articles) from 1980 to 2019. By clarifying the operationalization of pseudo-events, this study introduces pseudo-events as a valuable tool to index how different social subsystems perpetuate mediatization (which is when institutions absorb and abide by media logic). Machine-learning classifiers were constructed to measure pseudo-events, which provides historicity, specificity, and measurability — three tasks set forth for new mediatization research. We found a significant increase in pseudo-event coverage, expressing a more positive tone than genuine event coverage. Moreover, political pseudo-event coverage shows quadrennial cycles with peaks in each presidential election year. Our findings reveal the expansion of mediatization since 1980 and show how media logic has been internalized in different ways by the social subsystems of politics, culture, and economics. Institutions and their social actors need efficient tools to abide by media logic in seeking publicity and commanding authority, and pseudo-events have matured into one of the most dominant tools, especially for political actors. This study offers an innovative approach to capture complex phenomena and shows promises of broader application of machine learning to empirically quantify and identify patterns using theoretical concepts.

Towards the Conflict and Compatibility of the Contemporary Economy with Nature

The subject of interest is the constant deepening of the old conflict between culture and nature, and thus also the conflict with nature and the economy, which J. Šmajs considers to be a subsystem of culture. The conflict between nature and culture is considered to be the main cause of the global ecological crisis, which is a crisis of coexistence between humans and nature. Attention is drawn to the predatory economy, which Šmajs considers to be one of the causes of this conflict and which greatly influences the shape of contemporary culture. The main aim of the paper is to find ways in which this conflict, which has acquired a global dimension, can be mitigated and to advocate for the synergy or compatibility of the economy as well as the whole culture with nature. The solution is to move away from anthropocentrism, to reorient values in society based on a proper understanding of the phenomena of nature, culture and economy. Along with this, it is important to raise environmental awareness among economic actors, but practically among all people. We consider that to be an important step towards mitigating the above-mentioned conflict and towards the development of a sustainable economy and society.

Current and Expected Value Assessment of the Waterfront Urban Design: A Case Study of the Comprehensive Urban Design of Beijing’s Waterfront

Beijing, capital of China, and its exuberant waterfront is supposed to be a significant component of the city’s charm. However, due to urbanization and population growth, Beijing’s waterfront is experiencing a variety of issues, needing comprehensive urban design and overall value assessment. The main purposes of this study are to develop an urban layer system of waterfront urban design and to assess the current and expected value of Beijing’s waterfront. Beijing’s waterfront was divided into four urban layer subsystems: ecological subsystem, spatial subsystem, demand subsystem, and cultural subsystem. This study includes the waterfront of 26 rivers and 9 lakes, which are divided into 54 waterfront segments by main roads. This study assessed the current and expected values of 54 waterfront segments in Beijing with the urban layer system by citizen questionnaires, expert questionnaires, and field surveys. A series of maps and radar maps were generated to visualize the assessment results. This study analyzes and describes the characteristics of four urban layer subsystems and different waterfront segments, based on a comprehensive evaluation of the value of Beijing’s waterfront. It provides strategies for the master urban design of Beijing’s waterfront. Furthermore, the results of this study and the urban layer system can provide insight on waterfront urban design.

روشنفکران واسط، جامعه‌ مدنی و جنبش‌های دموکراسی‌خواهی، زنان و کارگری در ۲۰ سال اخیر ایران

This article examines the role of civil society organizations in the formation of social movements over the last twenty years in Iran. Civil society can be considered as an area between social, economic, and cultural sub-systems in which the focus is on non-governmental organizations, labor unions, trade unions, and voluntary organizations, such as guilds. In this study, using the content analysis method and reviewing articles written on this topic in the last twenty years, several main themes and categories are identified as being central to understanding social movements in Iran. The essay particularly advances understanding of the role of civil society and its institutions such as unions and non-governmental organizations in Iranian social movements by linking the two concepts of the intermediary intellectual and civil society.

The community perception of human-water connections is indirectly influenced by the landscape context: A case study in the lower reaches of the Yellow river

Humans and water are closely connected in large river basins and form social-ecological systems (SESs). However, cross-scale effect in SESs make it difficult to identify the key forces driving human-water connections at the community scale when ignoring the landscape context. Focusing on the incongruous human-water relationships in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, we built local resident perception-based networks linking the agricultural subsystem, environmental subsystem, and cultural subsystem by distributing farmer household questionnaires and extracted 13 indicators from 7 kinds of network metrics to indicate human-water connections. We applied analysis of variance (ANOVA), random forest (RF) and multilevel linear model (MLM) methods to identify the driving forces of perception-based human-water connections among 20 factors at both the community and landscape scales. The results showed that the perception-based network indicators were mainly directly influenced by community-level driving factors, especially the accessibility of information, such as the frequency of going out, the frequency of accessing the Yellow River channel, and the information source for the national policy on the Yellow River. The influences of community-level driving factors on network indicators were affected by landscape-level driving factors, e.g., the nighttime light, population density, gross domestic product and proportion of artificial land, thus indicating indirect influences from the landscape context. These analyses and findings can enrich the methods by which social, ecological and hydrological elements are structurally linked in sociohydrologic research and highlight the cross-scale effect of the landscape context on human-water systems at the community level.

Modern problems of research of various vocal art: cultural dimension

The purpose of the article is to investigate the directions of actual theoretical generalizations of pop vocal art in the context of culturological vision of the problem. The research methodology is based on the use of culturological and art approaches in the study of this issue, as well as a set of methods such as analytical, structural, historical in the application of the concepts of "pop", "pop vocal art" in the context of mass music culture. The scientific novelty of the work is to expand the understanding of the vision of modern pop vocal art in the cultural understanding of the development of Ukrainian culture and national cultural space. Conclusions. Based on the study, the specifics of the influence of pop vocal art on the formation of socio-cultural space in Ukraine. Studies of pop vocal art are complex in nature, uniting the scientific field of the humanities, pop vocal art is presented as a link and subsystem of modern mass music culture. Transformational processes of socio-cultural space are the driving forces for the constant change and diversification of pop vocal art every day. Further study is needed on the culturological understanding of modern vocal pop music as a powerful factor that has the potential to influence the socio-political and cultural life of the country. Key words: modern culture, Ukrainian pop, pop vocal art, cultural values

Role of cinematography in anticorruption enlightenment: global experience

Objective: to conduct a comprehensive interdisciplinary legal study of the role of cinematography in anti-corruption enlightenment of citizens.Methods: a structural and functional approach to the interpretation of society as a connection of subsystems, in which cinematography is a part of the cultural subsystem, while anti-corruption policy refers simultaneously to the public subsystem (enlightenment) and the state subsystem (politics). The chosen approach determines a set of specific research methods, such as a critical analysis of theoretical literature on corruption behavior and on the relationship between a viewer and a cinematography product in conjunction with an empirical study of various cases in the form of films and film projects devoted to anti-corruption topics.Results: the analysis of the mechanisms of building the relationships between a viewer and cinematography allowed identifying the possibilities of cinematography to have a long-term impact on a viewer, due not only to the technical capabilities of cinematography, but also to the psychobiological mechanisms of man. By the example of specific projects, the expediency of using cinema as an anti-corruption enlightenment tool was proved and justified. In particular, if the relevant messages are laid in the plot of a feature film, then, thanks to mirror neurons and human thinking mechanisms, they can serve educational purposes and demonstrate the consequences of corrupt behavior. It is important not to intimidate the audience with the horrors of living with corruption, but to show a positive way out and scenarios of living without it. This can lead to an increase in civic engagement, to an increase in interest in the issue under discussion, as well as to an increase in ratings of trust in the state.Scientific novelty: the article proves the inexpediency of evaluating cinema solely as a form of entertainment, and for the first time examines examples of the practical application of cinema for anti-corruption policy and enlightenment by comparing approaches used in different countries.Practical significance: the main conclusions of the article can be used in scientific, pedagogical and practical activities when developing long-term strategies and programs of anti-corruption enlightenment, as well as in the framework of cinematographic activities to assess the long-term consequences of the demonstrated film narrative.

Construction and Analysis of Governance Evaluation Index System of Beijing Urban Subcenter Based on System Theory and Information Theory

The construction of subcenters is considered an effective measure to solve the diseases in big cities and improve urban competitiveness. China takes the planning and construction of the Beijing urban subcenter as a major national decision-making deployment. Therefore, the establishment of a scientific and reliable evaluation index system for the urban subcenter is of great significance to the public sector to diagnose urban problems and improve urban performance management. Under the guidance of system theory, this paper establishes the governance evaluation index system of the Beijing subcenter based on the five subsystems: economic subsystem, social subsystem, cultural subsystem, ecological subsystem, and administrative subsystem, and 29 secondary indicators. After comprehensively examining the panel data of the overall Beijing urban system during the construction of the subcenter (2010–2019), the entropy method is used to objectively assign the value of the Beijing urban subcenter (Tongzhou District), and it is compared with other 15 municipal districts. The derivation of the development dynamic evolution of the Beijing urban subcenter is completed through the geospatial visualization and the linear regression fitting. It is found that the comprehensive index of urban subcenter governance in Beijing shows an upward trend year by year and has developed by leaps and bounds under the promotion of the central policy. Driven by Beijing’s subcenter strategy, the development model of the whole of Beijing has moved from a typical center diffusion model to a dual center to a subcenter and even a diversified development pattern. This paper proposes to lead urban development with the concept of high-quality development, adhere to innovation-driven, improve urban comprehensive carrying capacity through urban software and hardware construction, and realize regional coordinated development on a larger spatial scale.

Role utilitarian functions innovation in the subsystem life support northern Altaians at the end of XIX — early XXth century

The article deals with the cultural transformation of the Northern Altaians at the turn of the XIXth–XXth centuries. In this process, mechanisms for introducing innovations are identified. The role and significance of the utilitarian function of innovations in the life support subsystem of ethnic culture is outlined.

A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF THE THEATRICAL CULTURE OF THE RUSSIAN PROVINCE

The article discusses the possibilities of applying a systematic approach to the study and analysis of the theatrical culture of the Russian province. The theoretical justification of the systematic approach in cultural and philosophical studies is given. The author's model of theatrical culture is presented, which includes a set of institutional, classroom, artistic-value and regulatory components, the interrelation of which allows us to consider theatrical culture as a system. The author calls ideology the «core» of the system, as a product of the activity of the regulatory component of theatrical culture. In conclusion, the rationale for the application of a systematic approach to the study of provincial theatrical culture is formulated. The necessity of studying the regional theater as a subsystem of national theatrical culture is proved.

Искусство как фактор гуманитарного развития личности

The article considers a number of issues related to the peculiarities of the relationship between educational and artistic subsystems of culture. The author concludes that the humanization of everyday connections of modern students with culture is specifically influenced by art.