Cultural Interests Research Articles

Designing Culturally Responsive Literacy Centers to Include and Go Beyond Skills

AbstractThis article describes an approach to designing culturally responsive literacy centers. Aligned with Gholdy Muhammad's (2020) Historically Responsive Literacy model, we reimagine literacy centers as responsive to children from historically marginalized backgrounds. We present a five‐question tool that teachers can use as they plan for literacy centers that offer not only opportunities to build skills, but also to build upon children's cultural experiences, strengths, and interests. We describe our approach, offer an example of a cycle of culturally responsive literacy centers and lessons learned from our experience developing and revising these centers to maximize their effectiveness in early elementary classrooms.

New forms of distinction: How contemporary cultural elites understand ‘good’ taste

Taste is a subject of longstanding academic interest. The question of how cultural interests and preferences are socially stratified is at the heart of the sociology of culture. This article adds to this literature by examining the tastes of a specific social fraction, those working in cultural and creative occupations ( N = 203). The analysis finds that, in keeping with existing quantitative research on changing cultural hierarchies, cultural workers are open and eclectic in their expressions of taste. They are reflexive, able to play with, and question, ideas of taste alongside conceptions of artistic or cultural legitimacy, connecting their understandings to broader questions of social division and distinction. At the same time, this ‘emerging’ form of cultural capital is a new dividing line, substantiated by modes of consumption, depth of appreciation, and willingness to articulate commitments to engagement with culture. These distinctive tastes of cultural workers matter because, as creators, commissioners and curators of what ends up on stage, page and screen, cultural workers’ tastes shape the cultural hierarchies of which they are a part. In the context of cultural and creative industries, we can expect that these new forms of distinction will serve to create group identities, providing yet another way that cultural elites are socially closed, in addition to well-known exclusions based on demographics such as race, class, gender, age or disability.

The majority oppressed? On asymmetrical multiculturalism and majority rights

There has been an increase of academic publications that argue in favor of ‘majority rights,’ ‘majority precedence,’ or ‘white identity,’ claiming that the (cultural) interests of majorities in liberal-democratic countries have been ignored due to ‘asymmetrical multiculturalism.’ This article critically examines this academic trend. In particular, we question the claim that liberal-democratic and multicultural theories to date have ignored the importance of the majority (culture). We observe that liberal-democratic and multicultural theory in fact strongly promote and privilege the majority culture, although in ways that do not violate core individual rights and accommodate minorities. In addition, we explore several more empirical issues regarding the claim that the interests of majorities are under threat in liberal-democratic countries today. Among other things, we observe that pro-majority theories tend to work with specific understandings of who embodies the majority. These theories rest on the idea that immigrants and their descendants (may) ‘dilute’ majorities, as they are (culturally) ‘not native.’ As a result, majority rights theorists ‘freeze’ the majority culture claimed to be worth protecting in ways that it, first, neglects ongoing processes of integration and, second, disregards possibilities for social and political change and emancipation, particularly if triggered by immigrant groups. Finally, we wonder why majority rights theories currently seem to resonate. We discuss the possibility that certain pro-diversity voices, such as those who claim that Europe has become superdiverse or who defend multiculturalism, might have (unintentionally) enabled alarmist defenses of majority rights.

INTERIOR DESIGN OF A PUBLIC LECTURE HALL AS AN EDUCATIONAL COMPONENT OF THE CREATIVE ENVIRONMENT IN A MODERN CITY

The purpose of the study is to identify the design aspects of a public lecture hall as an educational component of the socio-cultural environment in a modern city.
 Methodology. The study is based on structural-systemic, historical-cultural, comparative, logical methods, as well as art history methods. The core base of the study is scientific articles of Ukrainian and foreign authors, analogous projects of public lectures in Ukraine and abroad. 
 Results. The influence of public lecture halls on the formation of cultural and social interests of the inhabitants of the modern metropolis is determined. The types of lecture halls are analyzed as part of socio-cultural educational spaces which are a tool for forming a creative society. The classification of public lecture halls according to the main features is developed. The Ukrainian and foreign experience of designing public lecture halls is analyzed, and the peculiarities of their interior design are generalized.
 Scientific novelty. The concept of the lecture hall as a component of the creative urban space, which has an impact on the formation of the socio-cultural environment of the city and on improving knowledge of the modern population, is clarified. The Ukrainian and foreign experience of creating educational public lecture halls is analyzed and systematized. 
 Practical significance. Research on the socio-cultural role of modern public lecture halls as a type of urban creative environment, as well as the basic principles of design of its premises, will be useful for modern design and promotion of educational spaces.

Sources of Jewish Music: Active and Passive Assimilation Revisited

Sources of Jewish Music:Active and Passive Assimilation Revisited Jonathan L. Friedmann (bio) General theories are scarce in the current field of Jewish music research. Most attempts at all-encompassing rules or principles have proven untenable due to the complexity of the terms involved—"Jewish" and "music"—as well as the overwhelming historical and regional diversity of Jewish music cultures. Past efforts to draw maps or timelines connecting the various forms, styles, and contexts have invariably led to what Israeli musicologist Edwin Seroussi calls "unfortunate overgeneralizations."1 According to Seroussi, the central flaw of such theories—whether they seek to connect various strands of musical expression to a single, long-ago source (commonly the Second Temple) or search for a "stable," "unilinear," or "authentic" musical expression—is the "ontological notion of 'tradition,'" which "assumes the existence of unambiguous boundaries separating sonic spaces" while ignoring the complex roles of individual contributors, performance contexts, cross-cultural contacts, shifting tastes, historical circumstances, and other shaping forces.2 The elusiveness of a stable or definable tradition speaks to challenges in musicological inquiry more generally, where attempts at empirical or objective claims often clash with the experiential and subjective nature of the subject matter.3 [End Page 389] Part of the problem is that theories of Jewish music tend to be prescriptive, concerned with how things ought to be, rather than objective frameworks derived from meticulous a posteriori observation. Jewish music scholars of the past, virtually all of whom were Jewish themselves, approached the subject with vested cultural, aesthetic, and religious interests.4 As a result, their theories more closely resemble statements of ideals or principles than scientifically acceptable schemes or systems of facts.5 What Hannah Arendt identified as a flaw in political theory also applies here: the very concept of "theory" assumes that the theorist is detached from the object instead of an active participant in a "phenomenon" involving a web of relationships "from which the theorist cannot extricate herself."6 Eric Werner's theory of active and passive assimilation is among the few far-reaching concepts of Jewish music to have largely evaded scrutiny. The theory, which he proposed in 1949 and repeated for decades thereafter, categorizes musical examples based on the presence (active assimilation) or absence (passive assimilation) of a "Judaizing" process as communities absorb foreign musical elements.7 It acknowledges the reality of musical sharing between Jews and their neighbors, as well as the existence of musical mainstreams or minhagim ("customs") that mix indigenous developments and outside influences. For Werner, the theory served as an academic leitmotif, appearing at semiregular intervals and with almost repeated language in a half dozen publications between 1949 and 1981. It was an unusually consistent and durable concept for an author whose voluminous writings can be difficult to parse, alternating as they do between elitism, polemics, speculation, music theory, and historical analysis—sometimes in the same work—and connected as they were to his activist work in Jewish professional and educational settings.8 Werner presented the active and passive categories as objective and incontestable labels applicable to examples from any region, period, or population; musical elements filtered through an existing Jewish mainstream are actively assimilated, while elements that enter unchanged [End Page 390] are passively assimilated. Like other twentieth-century theories in the field, however, active and passive assimilation are basically dressed-up extrapolations of Werner's own standards and principles. Beneath the clean definitions are prejudices, distortions, and value judgements rooted in his biography. Born near Vienna in 1901, Werner graduated from Berlin's Hochschule für Musik in 1924 and earned a doctorate at the University of Strasbourg in 1928. After lecturing at the rabbinical seminary in Breslau from 1935 to 1938, he sought refuge from the Nazis at Hebrew Union College (HUC) in Cincinnati, Ohio, succeeding famed musicologist Abraham Z. Idelsohn, who had recently passed away. In 1948, Werner oversaw the establishment of the School of Sacred Music at the HUC campus in New York, the first cantorial school in the United States and a locus of Jewish musical authority in the post-Holocaust period. A proud Central European and aggressive defender of his own musical tastes, Werner used his position to...

Civil society's perception of forest ecosystem services. A case study in the Western Alps.

Forest Ecosystem Services (FES) are widely recognised by the society nowadays. However, no study in the literature has analysed a ranking of FES after the pandemic. This paper investigated civil society’s perception and knowledge toward these services; in addition, the presence of attitudinal or behavioural patterns regarding individual’s preference, was assessed. A choice experiment was conducted using the Best-Worst Scaling (BWS) method on a sample of 479 individuals intercepted in the Argentera Valley, in the Western Italian Alps. Results, showed a strong interest in biodiversity, aesthetic landscape quality and psychophysical health and a lower interest in provisioning services. Based on the individual preferences, civil society was clustered into five groups for FES, named “Hedonistic,” “Individualist with cultural and health interests,” “Sensitive to regulatory and utilitarian functions,” “Climate change sensitive” and “Livelihood and hedonistic wellbeing.” In general, there was a growing appreciation by civil society for the intangible services offered by the forest, driven by modern lifestyles and an interest in learning more about the provided services. Based on these elements, we believe that similar research should be extended to other mountain contexts to validate the results or to find new insights, and that it is now necessary to study how to involve civil society in decision-making processes of forest planning and management at a local level.

The character of Iryna Molostova in the context of the ukrainian director's cultural space

The purpose of the article is to investigate the directorial legacy of Iryna Molostova and her influence on the formation of the Ukrainian cultural and artistic dimension. The specifics of the tasks determined the methodological basis of the search. Comprehensive research combined the following scientific approaches and methods: biographical (to clarify the facts of the biography and creative achievements of the director in chronological order), culturological (to study the uniqueness of the artistic space of the era), comparative (in order to examine the specifics of the embodiment of opera stage works by the director), general system science and historiography. The scientific novelty lies in the analysis of I. Molostova’s artistic method, which allows to create of harmonious temporal representations through the prism of the socio-cultural dimension of Ukraine in the XX century. Conclusions. Having embodied more than a hundred performances on world stages, Iryna Molostova’s artistic heritage plays a special role in the Ukrainian theatre space. Monumentality, the ability to reveal the underlying drama of the work, to create a psychological picture of the roles became the stage embodiment of her desire for endless understanding of the deep meaning and conceptual extra-textual dimension. The bright time of Iryna Molostova’s discoveries and theatrical innovations is vividly represented by her activity in the Kyiv State Academic Opera and Ballet Theater named after T. Shevchenko. Her uncompromising directorial method immediately attracted the attention of the public and was highly praised by the theater community. The culmination of I. Molostova’s directorial discoveries in the 1970s and 1990s, when the artist’s repertoire interests became an expression of the general cultural interests of his time. A characteristic feature of this period was the strengthening of artistic attention to the disclosure of the existential, psychological world of the individual. It is reflected in I. Molostova’s choice of the genre of lyrical and psychological drama. Iryna Molostova’s creative method becomes extremely relevant in light of the growing directorial arbitrariness in modern authorial interpretations. Key words: Iryna Molostova, director’s school, Ukrainian theatre.

Kyra Markham: An Introduction

Kyra Markham: An Introduction

Catalan Maps and Jewish Books: The Intellectual Profile of Elisha ben Abraham Cresques (1325–1387) by Katrin Kogman-Appel

Reviewed by: Catalan Maps and Jewish Books: The Intellectual Profile of Elisha ben Abraham Cresques (1325–1387) by Katrin Kogman-Appel Javier Del Barco Katrin Kogman-Appel. Catalan Maps and Jewish Books: The Intellectual Profile of Elisha ben Abraham Cresques (1325–1387). Terrarum Orbis: History of the Representations of Space in Text and Image, 15. Turnhout: Brepols, 2020. Hardcover, 357 pp. including appendices, tables, and indices + [108] pp. of illustrations and two detached booklets with a complete reproduction of Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS esp. 30 (attributed to Elisha ben Abraham Cresques, Mallorca, ca. 1375). €125. ISBN 978-2-503-58548-2. The title of this book, Catalan Maps and Jewish Books: The Intellectual Profile of Elisha ben Abraham Cresques (1325–1387), is a precise description of Katrin Kogman-Appel’s three objects of study: a Catalan-Aragonese map (the so-called Catalan Atlas, Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS esp. 30), which Kogman-Appel prefers to call the Ecumene chart; a Jewish book, the famous Farhi Codex, MS 368 in the Sassoon Collection, containing the Hebrew Bible and a selection of grammatical, rabbinical, exegetical, historiographical, and even calendrical texts; and the Mallorcan Jewish scholar Elisha ben Abraham Bevenisti Cresques (1325–87), who is credited with authorship of the map, and who compiled and copied the materials that make up the Farhi Codex. Kogman-Appel offers us a fascinating journey [End Page 396] through Elisha Cresques’s life and the contents of both the map and the Farhi Codex. She provides a thorough reconstruction of Cresques’s cultural, political, and religious universe in order to understand the reasons why each of these artifacts was produced and the multiple ways in which they signify. The book consists of an introduction, eight chapters, and an epilogue. Special mention must be made of the abundant and magnificent images that help us to visualize the narrative and that force us to move back and forth between the text and the images that correspond to it. Moreover, the book is accompanied by two booklets that contain the reproduction of the twelve sheets into which Cresques’s Ecumene chart is currently divided. In chapter 1, Kogman-Appel sets forth a panoramic view of her study’s contents and organization, touching briefly on the central issues that will be addressed in the following chapters. She also offers a detailed argument for Elisha Cresques as the author of the Ecumene chart, comparing it to other maps also attributed, rightly or wrongly, to Cresques and establishing both the corpus of maps and their approximate chronology. In chapter 2 we find a meticulous analysis of the contents of the Farhi Codex, as well as an exhaustive list of the possible sources Cresques may have consulted for the non-biblical texts included in the codex, both in Mallorca (in Lleó Judà Mosconi’s library) and at the court of Pedro IV of Aragon, or through his contacts with other communities in North Africa. Kogman-Appel has written before about the Farhi Codex, for example, in “The Scholarly Interests of a Scribe and Mapmaker in Fourteenth-Century Majorca: Elisha ben Abraham Bevenisti Cresques’s Bookcase” (in The Hebrew Book in the Western Mediterranean: Late Medieval Hebrew Manuscripts and Incunabula in Context, ed. Javier del Barco [Leiden: Brill, 2015], 148–81). However, in Catalan Maps and Jewish Books, she connects the intellectual interests that Cresques demonstrates in the Farhi Codex to the Ecumene chart in a more explicit and articulated way. By the same token, in chapter 3 we find a precise exposition of the Ecumene chart and its multiple readings, ranging from those related to the patron’s expectations of the work, to more personal ones connected with Cresques’s own cultural and religious interests. Chapters 4 to 8 focus on different aspects of reading and analyzing the Ecumene chart related to representations of political space, of Islam and the [End Page 397] Islamic world, of the territories controlled by the Mongols, and of mythical and imagined spaces. They also deal with the possible sources used by Cresques for the Ecumene chart, and how these were understood and modeled according to his different interests. Kogman-Appel uses the...

Complex system 이론에 따른 역사기념관 공간구성체계에 대한 연구

Currently, Korea is achieving cultural, economic, and social growth as a member of the international community along with its social growth. In the 2000s, local communities and local governments made multidimensional efforts with historical and cultural interests. And as part of that, historical museums were built or expanded to increase the quantity in anticipation of citizens' satisfaction and attracting visitors. However, the qualitative effect of the exhibition space is not achieved. Therefore, in this study, the analysis according to the complex system theory on the interrelationship between exhibition planning, space, and spectators was carried out based on the case of domestic historical museums, and future exhibition space planning or movement lines according to the mutual relationship between the exhibition space and the spectators were conducted. The purpose of this study is to conduct research on specific visualization and data derivation regarding spatial density and spatial perception information.

Decolonizing conservation? Indigenous resurgence and buffalo restoration in the American West

There has been a recent surge of interest in “decolonizing” conservation and natural resource management fields. Most of this scholarship, however, speaks to colonialism on a global scale and does not address conservation within modern settler colonial states such as the United States and Canada. This project focuses on the reintroduction of buffalo (bison) in the American West as an example of how even conservation efforts that purport to include, value, and share Indigenous perspectives can ultimately uphold settler colonial relations of power. Using an Indigenous mixed-methodology approach, it interrogates the discursive construction of buffalo as “America's great conservation success story” and highlights the ways in which conservation has historically worked to support colonial projects of Indigenous erasure and dispossession. Some contemporary buffalo restoration projects seek to include Indigenous people as stakeholders and/or collaborators with unique cultural interests in buffalo, but these efforts do not always embody the material shift in power relations that Indigenous scholars have identified as a key component of decolonization. For Indigenous people, buffalo are more than a keystone species with cultural import; they are relatives whose well-being is deeply entwined with our own. For landscape-scale buffalo restoration projects to engage in decolonization, they must seek to not only repair the harm done to tribal nations through buffalo eradication but also work to support Indigenous resurgence by transforming structures of power.

A Norwegian Soul in a Chinese Body? Ethnic Identity and Chinese Adoptees in Norway

The ethnic identity of international adoptees has been a transdisciplinary field of inquiry over the past decades. Taking China-born adopted Norwegian citizens as research subjects, this study uses a mixed-method approach to explore how they perceive their ethnic identity and origin in the host society of Norway. We find that Chinese adoptees mainly identify as racially Chinese but culturally Norwegian, and their Chineseness lies primarily in their appearance. They generally feel secure about their ethnic background despite the challenges and paradoxes caused by their Chinese looks. Most adoptees have no attachment to their birth country, and their interests in China and Chinese culture are usually instrumental and individual-based. Three main socio-cultural factors shape the ethnic identity of China-born adopted children: (1) the negligible impact of their pre-adoptive history upon them, (2) a supportive family environment acknowledging their differences, and (3) an inclusive socio-cultural environment that respects ethnic diversities. No clear tendency towards constructing or enacting double identities among the adoptees was found. Finally, our respondents reported fewer racist experiences than suggested by recent literature on migrants and international adoptees in current literature. This aspect needs further research, also in reference to other cohorts of adoptees.

Marketing in the organization of the development ecological tourism the Carpathian region

Introduction. Sharpening attention to environmental issues and finding new marketing approaches and forms of rational use of natural recreational resources in the Carpathian region will contribute to the formation of environmental culture, environmental values, ability to follow moral and legal norms and rules of environmentally sound behavior and more. An important place in the problems solving is given to eco-tourism and marketing in the organization of ecotourism development, which will help to realize that rational recreational nature using will not only stimulate the flow of entry into the region, increase welfare, but also play an important role in preserving natural resources as parts of global resources.The purpose of the study is to identify ecologically attractive areas for the development of ecological tourism, substantiate the unique potential of the Carpathian region for this type of tourism and identify areas of creative implementation of foreign experience to establish stages of marketing process in the organization of ecological tourism.Methods. The using of the analysis method, questionnaires, study of foreign experience, system-structural approach became the methodological basis of the study.Results. The uniqueness of the region for ecological tourism is established on the analysis of opportunities for the ecological tourism development in the Carpathian region, in particular, the distribution of protected lands and their functional structure, the availability of reserves and national parks, etc. A high level of interest in ecological tourist products was established by surveying tourists who visited Vyzhnytsia National Park. Based on the study of foreign experience, the stages of the marketing process that can be implemented in the practice of organizing the development of ecotourism in the Carpathian region are identified. The most promising types of ecological tourist products are offered and the influence of ecotourism development on the balance of nature protection, economic, social, cultural, integration and other interests in the region is established.Discussion. Important areas of further research in the context of determining the role and place of marketing in the ecotourism development are, in particular, the determination of target categories of visitors, assessing the demand for various ecotourism programs and competition analysis.

Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe: A Mysterious Geography Representative of the ‘Will to Colonize’

This paper desires to obtain a deep scrutiny of the biased colonial discourse which has set the basic foundation tenets of the Western imperial project globally. It is evident that colonialism makes only one phase of the long process of imperialism as an encompassing movement. The fundamental premise of the present critical study is to demonstrate that the manner in which geography is represented in literature reflects the writer's ideological, political and cultural interests as well as those of his community. Robison Crusoe, which belongs to the precolonial era, constitutes the germ of a new Western strategy of viewing the geography of the world as being vast, unpopulated, and affluent. Crusoe's story is made more efficient by wrapping it in the form a novel – a literary genre which emerged and grew side by side with colonialism. Defoe, throughout his journey across the ocean and his stay in the island, portrays the landscapes in positive terms, generally. Meanwhile, the indigenous population is either dehumanized or shown as lacking civilization. His aim, like the mainstream of his community, is to invite more young Englishmen to partake in the colonial enterprise and expansion. Crusoe’s success story is meant to generate a colonial propaganda at a time when very few Europeans dare to leave their homeland.

Les expositions muséales parrainées par le pétrole et les politiques extractives de la production culturelle au Canada

Focusing on the Canadian Museum of History’s newest permanent exhibition, The Canadian History Hall (2017), and its sponsorship by the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (), this article discusses oil-sponsored museum exhibitions and the extractive politics within which Canadian culture is produced. This article begins with an overview of The Canadian History Hall and the activist response to its sponsorship by Big Oil. It then situates the exhibition within a larger history of oil and museums in Canada, reflecting on the controversial, Shell-sponsored The Spirit Sings (1988) exhibition at the Glenbow Museum. The article argues that, as it reproduces the longstanding relationship between Canadian museums and the oil industry, the Canadian Museum of History’s recent partnership exemplifies the ongoing role of extractive politics in cultural production. While European museums increasingly face pressures to divest from fossil fuels, the entanglement of culture and extractive interests in Canada suggests the need for a unique and critical approach to sponsorship in Canadian cultural institutions.

DEVELOPMENT OF MEDIA LITERACY OF APPLICANTS FOR AGRONOMIC SPECIALITIES BY THE MEANS OF JOURNALISTIC WEBQUESTS

The article is dedicated to a topical issue of developing media literacy in non-language university students as a component of teaching them English as a foreign language. The notions of media, mass media, media education, its aim, tasks and media literacy as its result, WebQuest and Journalistic Task WebQuest are commented upon. Media are understood as the modern channels of communication including physical and online newspapers and magazines, television, radio, telephone, the Internet, fax and billboards. Media education is interpreted as teaching the theory and practical skills of acquiring and applying mass media as a part of pedagogical theory and practice. It is aimed at developing students' ability to use mass communication effectively in the society. The tasks of media education relate to the critical analysis of information, creating media texts; evaluating their sources, as well as their political, social, commercial, cultural interests and context; interpreting media texts and values spread by them; selecting appropriate media to create and disseminate media texts; accessing necessary media as a means of obtaining and transferring information. Media literacy is viewed as the result of media education. Among its components are the ability to interpret and evaluate various documents by means of observation, reading, applying logical inferences to evaluate the reliability of arguments; the ability to effectively cooperate with various partners and to make ideas clear for others; the ability to apply both previous abilities in using different types of media. The term of "WebQuest" is understood as "an inquiry-oriented lesson format in which most or all the information that learners work with comes from the web". The Journalistic Task WebQuest presupposes the critical evaluation of the reliability of information and using it to answer questions, present events or problems.
 On the basis of the theoretical analysis of scientific literary sources and samples the authors suggest a Journalistic Task WebQuest designed for the first (Bachelor's) level students of 201 "Agronomy" specialty and substantiate its expedience.

Understanding South Asian Collegiate Experiences: Facilitating Campus Leadership Self-Efficacy

Leadership self-efficacy of South Asian international students in the United States campuses is often not discussed in leadership literature. The following study explored collegiate experiences and leadership engagement of South Asian students. Informants of the study included undergraduate international students from Sri Lanka, India, Bangladesh, and Nepal. Findings indicated a tendency amongst the informants to engage in leadership activities for self-development. Participating students considered acculturation and inclusion in the learning community, and decoding American academic culture as key concerns that act as barriers in the road to assume campus leadership opportunities. Even though South Asian international students demonstrate efficacious leadership activity engagement within the campus in the United States, students still stressed the importance of actively participating in activities that strongly align with cultural interests.

Russian Empire in Public and Political Discourse of Galician Rus’ in the 19th and Beginning of the 20th Century

The article analyzes the role and place of the Russian Empire in the Galician-Russian public and cultural activities in the 19th century. Representatives of the Galician-Russian intelligentsia in the 19th century considered Galician and Ugric Rusyns from Austria-Hungary to be part of the common civilizational community consisting of Great Russians, Little Russians and White Russians. Galician-Russian intelligentsia interpreted the formation of the Muscovite Rus and then Russian Empire, the formation of the Russian culture and Russian literary language as the result of the common political and cultural efforts of the representatives of the Great and Little Rus, emphasizing the role of Galician natives in common Russian history. In particular, Galician-Russian enlighteners stressed the importance of activities of the Little Rus native F. Prokopovich, who became the leading ideologist of the reforms of Peter the Great. In the second half of the 19th century Galician-Russian intelligentsia acted as Russian patriots defending the political and cultural interests of the Russian state and culture and criticizing Polish and Ukrainian national movements in Galicia. The Austro-Hungarian administration used the First World War as a suitable pretext for the physical liquidation of the representatives of Galician-Russian movement in Galicia.

Professionally Oriented Tasks in the System of Professional Training of Musical Art Teachers

The relevance of the chosen topic of the article is determined by the need of definition of the tasks in the system of professional training of musical art teachers, that are focused on work, as the integration of higher musical and pedagogical education of Ukraine in the world educational and cultural space based on the principles of national and ethno cultural interests, preservation and development of the Ukrainian intellectual potential of the nation, peacekeeping orientation of international cooperation, tolerance and adaptation in the assessment of mastering and achievements in the field of art culture of different nationalities, puts forward new requirements for the training of future musical art teachers (FMAT) in the field of higher education institutions (HEI).The article analyzes the theoretical developments on the topic, specifies the tasks in the system of vocational training of musical art teachers in the works of researchers and scientists, the experience of future musical teachers in higher educational institutions. These conditions include: ensuring the motivation of students to professionally solve educational problems by immersing FMAT in an innovative professional educational environment; application of innovative methods of design of educational activities of students in the process of studying the disciplines "Pedagogy", "Musical Pedagogy" to enrich the technical knowledge of the FMAT; to help students to realize the need for continuous professional self-improvement in the process of passing various types of educational practice. The implementation of a certain educational factor was aimed at forming a specific component of the phenomenon under study.

Young people’s trajectories into cultural cosmopolitanism

The authors begin by setting out the scope of this article, which is to address the question of cultural cosmopolitanism. They will then outline their justification for concentrating on young people. In particular, they will focus on several broad types of identifiable trajectories and temporalities, which they will designate as follows: “ground zero cosmopolitanism,” which will enable them to pinpoint the historical sources that have a bearing on whether or not someone adopts cosmopolitan orientations; “asymmetrical cosmopolitanism,” which expresses the wide range of degrees of intensity in the cultural interests in play; the few cases of clearly asserted cosmopolitanism; and finally, the cases that blaze a trail into and out of the cosmopolitan universe, often prompted by a combination of personal, social, professional, and other trajectories.