Visualization Of Cultural Heritage Research Articles

Digital Modeling of Intangible Cultural Heritage Visualization Based on Convolutional Neural Networks

Digital Modeling of Intangible Cultural Heritage Visualization Based on Convolutional Neural Networks

Using of modern technologies for visualization of cultural heritage

This paper explores the historical evolution and contemporary applications of photogrammetry and laser scanning in cultural heritage preservation, focusing on the restoration of the Shush synagogue in Iraqi Kurdistan. It traces the development of documentation techniques, highlighting photogrammetry's pivotal role and the impact of the digital revolution. The case study of Project Shush illustrates the practical use of geomatics techniques, advanced 3D modeling, and collaboration with NGOs and authorities. The methodology outlines the use of technologies like terrestrial laser scanners (BLK360, Zeb-Revo) and UAVs, emphasizing their mobility and accuracy. Results detail the project stages, showcasing the creation of a detailed 3D model and the use of Unreal Engine for visualization. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of 3D documentation in cultural heritage and celebrates the success of the Shush synagogue restoration as a testament to technological advancements in preservation. Our research has shown that the joining of different 3D object documentation technologies significantly improves the quality and speeds up the workflow. Comparison of partial point clouds in software Cloudcompare on a case study of a smaller historic building showed differences in the internal structure in centimeters, while for the external parts that were covered with vegetation the differences reached up to decimeters.

Preface: Workshop “Cultural Heritage Visualization and Virtual Restoration”

Preface: Workshop “Cultural Heritage Visualization and Virtual Restoration”

Preface: Workshop “Cultural Heritage Visualization and Virtual Restoration”

Preface: Workshop “Cultural Heritage Visualization and Virtual Restoration”

An integrated framework for the interaction and 3D visualization of cultural heritage

An integrated framework for the interaction and 3D visualization of cultural heritage

HBIM: The digital transformation of cultural and existing heritage

BIM, or Building Information Modelling, is the future of architecture, engineering, construction and operations. We very often associate this definition with new buildings, while 80% of buildings in 2050 already exist today. A significant part of them are historical buildings. It is important to know how we can use BIM in this context and how this modern design tool serves to model and manage the unpredictable situations and complexities of historic buildings. The dissimilarity, the difficulty of data exchange between interested parties and therefore the difficulty of standardization is in this regard the challenge to be overcome with older buildings. In connection with architectural heritage, information modelling of heritage buildings is referred to under the name of HBIM, which is a built architecture representation system composed of libraries of semantically structured and parameterized objects. The basic process is the processing of the data in our possession, which are all transferred to a BIM-type model. SCAN to BIM is an operation that allows you to connect a point cloud created by laser scanner or photogrammetry to develop historical building management models that can be used in different application areas: accessibility and improvement, archival documentation research, conservation and visualization of cultural heritage, reconstruction and management of heritage, artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR).The purpose of the paper is to provide an basic overview of the concept of HBIM. The contribution provides a brief overview of the regulatory framework and an overview of the methodology and workflow in the mentioned area with the appropriate conclusions.

Illuminating Transparency in Digital Historical Visualizations: Notre-Dame of Paris, St Stephen’s of Westminster, and Visualizing Venice

Illuminating Transparency in Digital Historical Visualizations: Notre-Dame of Paris, St Stephen’s of Westminster, and Visualizing Venice

A Design Method of Virtual Folk Museum Roaming System Based on Visual Interaction Technology

The effective display of museums can greatly improve the attention of museums. The traditional museum display methods are old and old-fashioned. Aiming at the lack of vivid and immersive display in folklore museums, based on augmented reality technology and artificial intelligence, a virtual folklore museum roaming system based on visual interaction technology is proposed for 3D visualization of cultural heritage. The method applies the 6D pose estimation algorithm of objects to the display of museum objects. 6D pose estimation of objects refers to detecting objects present in an image and estimating their 3D position and orientation relative to the observer. In the field of augmented reality, 6D pose estimation is used to measure the pose of objects in the real environment and add virtual objects to it with the correct pose, thereby realizing augmented reality applications on the mobile side. The experimental results show that the 6D pose estimation method proposed in this paper has an accuracy rate of 93.3% and a running speed of 30 frames per second, which meets the needs of augmented reality applications and can be used in augmented reality museum display systems to provide them with vivid interactive content. Breaking through the time and space limitations of cultural heritage objects, it brings an immersive visiting experience to the audience.

Hyper-dimensional Visualization of Cultural Heritage: A Novel Multi-analytical Approach on 3D Pomological Models in the Collection of the University of Milan

Digital close-range photogrammetry allows us to acquire high-fidelity tridimensional models useful to document cultural heritage objects with an impressive level of detail. In addition, this technique carries a strong analytical potentiality, able to gain improved knowledge of cultural objects and their preservation conditions. This project is focused on a comprehensive diagnostic survey using 3D multispectral modeling, high-resolution digital radiography, pulsed thermography, XRF, FT-IR, and FORS spectroscopies to document and characterize from a conservative point of view the poly-material objects that belong to the “Garnier Valletti” pomological collection—a unique collection from both scientific and artistic points of view. The analytical integration of imaging techniques, 3D modeling, and spectroscopic techniques provides information from the surface, sub-surface, and innermost layers of the object, respectively, capturing both accurate morphometric, spectral, and compositional data. The article presents the results obtained on typical poly-material and multilayered objects of this collection for which the combination of the considered techniques provided important data to the technical knowledge of the realization highlighting a particular predictive ability from a conservative point of view.

How do visitors perceive the significance of tangible cultural heritage through a 3D reconstructed immersive visual experience at the Seokguram Grotto, South Korea?

ABSTRACT Sustainable heritage tourism is recognized as an economic activity that can ensure the careful management of tangible cultural heritage sites for future generations, and attract visitors to experience their cultural, historical, and archaeological significance. The use of 3D immersive cultural heritage visualization presentations can enhance a visitor’s perceived experience and motivation, and have received growing interest in the tourism literature. However, the impact of these cultural heritage presentations on visitor perceived experience with regard to certain psychological and social factors has not been fully explored. This study aims to fill this gap in the literature by investigating how 3D immersive visualization experiences enhance the significance and value of tangible cultural heritage sites, through considering significant factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted with visitors who experienced a 3D reconstructed immersive visual experience of the Seokguram Grotto World Heritage Site. The results showed that the 3D reconstructed immersive visualization contents increased the significance and value of the tangible cultural heritage site, by influencing visitors' perceived experiences using certain psychological factors. These findings will contribute positively to the sustainable heritage tourism development literature.

Virtual Reality Application of the Fortress Al Zubarah in Qatar Including Performance Analysis of Real-Time Visualisation

Technological advancements in the area of Virtual Reality (VR) in the past years have the potential to fundamentally impact our everyday lives. VR makes it possible to explore a digital world with a Head-Mounted Display (HMD) in an immersive, embodied way. In combination with current tools for 3D documentation, modelling and software for creating interactive virtual worlds, VR has the means to play an important role in the conservation and visualisation of cultural heritage (CH) for museums, educational institutions and other cultural areas. Corresponding game engines offer tools for interactive 3D visualisation of CH objects, which makes a new form of knowledge transfer possible with the direct participation of users in the virtual world. However, to ensure smooth and optimal real-time visualisation of the data in the HMD, VR applications should run at 90 frames per second. This frame rate is dependent on several criteria including the amount of data or number of dynamic objects. In this contribution, the performance of a VR application has been investigated using different digital 3D models of the fortress Al Zubarah in Qatar with various resolutions. We demonstrate the influence on real-time performance by the amount of data and the hardware equipment and that developers of VR applications should find a compromise between the amount of data and the available computer hardware, to guarantee a smooth real-time visualisation with approx. 90 fps (frames per second). Therefore, CAD models offer a better performance for real-time VR visualisation than meshed models due to the significant reduced data volume.

Neuro-Culture Interaction in Specific Brain Region of Immigrants: The Effect of Historical and Current Exposure from the Majority Culture

Ethnic majority culture (i.e. Malay) has given much influence on the biological and psychosocial aspect of immigrants in Malaysia. This study aims to examine the neuro-culture interaction among immigrants (historical and current immigrant) with regards to their emotional response towards Malay cultural heritage visualization. The Event Related Potential technique was used to explore the neural activity of the mental and emotional processes in response to specific culture-related stimuli. A modified oddball paradigm was applied in the presentation of the visual stimulus that was set-up in the e-prime program. Significant neuro-culture interaction was observed in the temporal area (T6) of the brain which was consistent in P300 and N200 amplitude. Current immigrants indicated significant lower P300 and N200 amplitudes, as compared to majority ethnicity (i.e. Malay). Long- and short-term exposure to cultural environment has an important consequence in the psycho-biological system.

Documentation, Three-Dimensional (3D) Modelling and visualization of cultural heritage by using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanners

ABSTRACT Cultural heritages are the most important source of communication between the past and the future. The importance of documenting and preserving cultural heritage is becoming more and more clear. Traditional documentation techniques have been replaced by modern documentation techniques along with developing technology. Especially, the increase in the measurement accuracy of electronic devices has increased the accuracy of documentation studies. In this study, terrestrial laser scanning technique (TLS) and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry technique were used. The evaluation of terrestrial laser scanning data was performed in Scene software, and the data obtained by UAV photogrammetry technique was performed in Agisoft metashape and Pix4D software. The sensitivity of the data obtained, the costs of the software and the techniques used were compared with each other. The prominent features of the techniques compared with each other were revealed at the end of the study.

3D DOCUMENTATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE: THE CASE STUDY OF BANTEAY SREI TEMPLE IN ANGKOR, SIEM REAP

Abstract. 3D documentation and visualization of cultural heritage has a great significance in preserving the memories and history, and supports cultural tourism. It is of great importance to study the 3D reconstruction of cultural relics and historic sites. Preservation, visualization of valuable cultural heritage has always been a difficult challenge. With the developments of photogrammetry, terrestrial laser scanning, 3D models were able to obtained quickly and accurately. In this paper we present the survey and 3D modelling of an ancient temple, Banteay Srei, situated in Angkor, which has long been admired as a “Precious Gem” of Khmer Art for its miniature size of structures and exceptional refinement of the sculptures. The survey was performed with FARO Focus3D 330 and FARO Focus3D 120 terrestrial laser scanners, a micro unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (DJI Phantom 4 Pro) and a digital camera (Nikon D90). Once the acquired scans were properly merged, a 3D model was generated from the global point cloud, and plans, sections and elevations were extracted from it for restoration purposes. A short multimedia video was also created for the “Digital Banteay Srei”. In the paper we will discuss all the steps and challenges addressed to provide the 3D model of Banteay Srei Temple.

Visualization of Cultural Heritage and Its Application to New Integration of Arts and Sciences in the ICT Age

Visualization of Cultural Heritage and Its Application to New Integration of Arts and Sciences in the ICT Age

A REVIEW OF AUGMENTED REALITY FOR ARCHITECTURE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE VISUALIZATION

This paper presents an overview of the use of Augmented Reality in the area of architecture and cultural heritage visualization. The subject of this research are objects that have significant cultural and historical values which, for different reasons, cannot be perceived in their real environment. Using two case-studies, the processes of 3D reconstruction, optimization and AR presentation of the reality models are described in detail. The 3D models are created by using photogrammetry and the AR visualization is performed by using an existing platform for the AR presentation. The aim of the paper is to emphasize the importance of incorporating photogrammetry and augmented reality for the visualization of different types of object features.

Assessing the user response to differences in functionality when visualising 3D models of cultural heritage sites using the Technology Readiness Index

Visualisation of cultural heritage using 3D modelling in situ or over the Internet has increased in recent years. This paper examines people's readiness to accept these and their preferred degree of sophistication using a visualisation video of a 3D model of the Fishbourne Roman Palace in West Sussex, England. Participants viewed six visualisations in a controlled environment that sequentially added features such as texture, sound, lighting and ultimately interaction and mobility via game engine technologies. The updated Technology Readiness Index was used to group participants according to their willingness to accept the visualisations. TRI Explorers appreciated the addition of interactivity while enhanced model fidelity satisfied other groups. Linking the profile of the TRI groups with published survey results relating the characteristics of historical museum visitors suggests that TRI Explorers are not the target demographic negating the need for interactivity, although a museum's visitor profile should also be considered.

PROCEDURAL 3D MODELLING FOR TRADITIONAL SETTLEMENTS. THE CASE STUDY OF CENTRAL ZAGORI

Abstract. Over the last decades 3D modelling has been a fast growing field in Geographic Information Science, extensively applied in various domains including reconstruction and visualization of cultural heritage, especially monuments and traditional settlements. Technological advances in computer graphics, allow for modelling of complex 3D objects achieving high precision and accuracy. Procedural modelling is an effective tool and a relatively novel method, based on algorithmic modelling concept. It is utilized for the generation of accurate 3D models and composite facade textures from sets of rules which are called Computer Generated Architecture grammars (CGA grammars), defining the objects’ detailed geometry, rather than altering or editing the model manually. In this paper, procedural modelling tools have been exploited to generate the 3D model of a traditional settlement in the region of Central Zagori in Greece. The detailed geometries of 3D models derived from the application of shape grammars on selected footprints, and the process resulted in a final 3D model, optimally describing the built environment of Central Zagori, in three levels of Detail (LoD). The final 3D scene was exported and published as 3D web-scene which can be viewed with 3D CityEngine viewer, giving a walkthrough the whole model, same as in virtual reality or game environments. This research work addresses issues regarding textures' precision, LoD for 3D objects and interactive visualization within one 3D scene, as well as the effectiveness of large scale modelling, along with the benefits and drawbacks that derive from procedural modelling techniques in the field of cultural heritage and more specifically on 3D modelling of traditional settlements.

Augmented reality (AR) of historic environments: Representation of Parion Theater, Biga, Turkey

Similar to other fields in architecture, architectural representation involves adopting digital methods and digital data at a fast pace as in the case of cultural heritage preservation often referred to as digital heritage. Among these digital technologies, augmented reality (AR) techniques are well-known since they contribute a lot to the representation process. In addition to various sectoral uses, the use of AR tools and methods is important to study and research with regards to their integration in historical representation. This study aims to represent historical heritage in terms of photogrammetry and AR methods for the Parion Theater, Biga, Turkey, dates back to 1 st -2 nd century A.D. and has been under excavation since 2005. There is a need for a high-tech visualization of cultural heritage because it is important to share and visualize data for such users as historians, archaeologists, architects, tourists and so on. The paper uses MULTIRAMA, a method previously developed by ARC Team (MIT) in 2013, which aims to represent the “unseen” to such users by documenting and visualising the site for use in this user-friendly app. The method will support cultural heritage representation in the following stag es: i) documentation (use of photogrammetric methods), ii) data process and modeling, (correcting 3D photogrammetric images using AR) and iii) presentation (3D reconstruction of the cultural heritage via an AR application). This holistic and low cost approach will focus on the problem of accurate reconstruction and representation in cultural heritage of Parion.

3D Digitisation and Visualisation of the Vače Situla

EXTENDED ABSTRACT:The project of 3D digitisation and visualisation of the Vače situla was implemented at the beginning of 2011 in cooperation with the National Museum of Slovenia where the situla is kept and the company MFC.2 which, among other services, develops and implements 3 D digitisation and visualisation projects. The purpose of the project was to digitise and visualise a famous and precious piece of cultural heritage and to 1. show what modern 3D shape and texture scanning technologies allow us to do, 2. show how to ensure safety and reach high quality in digitising cultural heritage objects. 3. measure the added value of the 3 D visualisation of cultural heritage as a powerful tool for preservation, conservation, research, education, knowledge sharing and promotion of cultural heritage objects. Furthermore, the aims of the project were: 1. 3D capture of the shape and texture of the situla using the 3D scanning method. 2. 3D image of the situla and its details with expert descriptions. 3. 3D stereoscopic projection of the situla viewed with 3D glasses and with the possibility of controlling it remotely. 4. 3D animation giving professional interpretation of certain facts about the situla. 5. Public presentation of the project results on Slovenian cultural holiday, 8th February 2011, at the National Museum of Slovenia. The 3D capture of the shape and texture of the situla was carried out using the white light 3D scanning method followed by 3D flesh animation to show the object and its details. A touch screen was used to provide user access to the content. Reality based model enabled vertical rotation of the situla as well as the interactive display of individual engravings. By clicking a situla detail a photo with an extensive professional explanation of the scene was displayed in a new browser window. For attractive public presentation of the exhibition a 3D stereoscopic animation of the situla rotating and seemingly floating in the atrium of the National Museum of Slovenia was displayed. Visitors had the possibility to view the animation with 3D glasses and to navigate the floating situla remotely. Furthermore, a 3D animation of the situla history was created and entitled the Story of the Vače Situla. Based on expert interpretation it presented the origins of the situla, the period in which it was produced, the geographic area where its production was spread, usability of situlas and its discovery in Vače at the end of 19th century. The animation includes text, sound and picture presentation of the situla and is enriched by animation of one of small figures depicting everyday life and tasks among the people. The aims of the project were presented to public on Slovenian cultural holiday, 8th February 2011, in the atrium of the national Museum at Prešernova in Ljubljana at a cultural event entitled the Third Dimension of the Vače Situla. The visitors had the opportunity to test the new technology of remote control of 3D objects as well as 3D scanning and capturing the shape and texture of material objects. The public response was very favourable indicating the importance of modern technological approaches in presenting our cultural heritage. The value of 3D technologies in capturing and visualisation of cultural heritage was proved: 1. They enable multiuser and interactive access to 3D content. 2. 3D metadata serve for educational purposes, public presentations, exhibitions and promotion of cultural heritage, 3. They offer new opportunities to spread information on cultural heritage objects. 4. Virtual objects are presented in a user friendly, intuitive and attractive way.