BackgroundPrioritizing dietary choices during pregnancy and breastfeeding is a constant concern, as highlighted by the US Food and Drug Administration. Northwestern Ontario (NWO) boasts stunning natural landscapes, including bodies of water such as streams, rivers, and lakes that serve as vital sources of sustenance for local inhabitants. However, these environments, and particularly the fish that inhabit them, harbor naturally occurring levels of mercury, posing ingestion risks. Northern communities face heightened vulnerability to mercury exposure due to their reliance on fish for nutrition and the ecosystems they inhabit. Prolonged mercury exposure can harm the liver and kidneys. Despite the significant health benefits associated with fish consumption, abstaining from it, especially within certain cultural contexts, is often implausible. Consequently, the health care sector must devise strategies for mitigating elevated mercury levels in susceptible individuals. MethodsA descriptive study explored the frequency of primary care providers (PCPs), including family physicians, midwives, and nurse practitioners, screening for elevated mercury levels among their patients in NWO. ResultsConducted via Qualtrics from June 1 to October 1, 2023, the study revealed that 58% of PCPs either infrequently or never inquire about fish consumption, and 86% have never requested blood mercury levels for perinatal patients. Barriers to screening included lack of conversation initiation, language barriers, perceived insignificance, absence of guidelines, inadequate knowledge, and uncertainty about the relevance of discussing fish consumption. Participants called for a screening protocol, easily accessible fish consumption guidelines, and educational workshops. DiscussionImplementing these recommendations and using the suggested screening pathway could empower PCPs to screen for mercury levels in their patient populations efficiently.